Boltzmann's Atom

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0684851865
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis Boltzmann's Atom by : David Lindley

Download or read book Boltzmann's Atom written by David Lindley and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2001 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ludwig Boltzmann, an Austrian physicist is considered the forgotten genius who set the atomic revolution in motion. However, he was unaware his vision would lead to the greatest chain of scientific discoveries ever made. His story is presented in this combination of expert storytelling with a deep understanding of physics.

Boltzmann's Atom

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Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501142674
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Boltzmann's Atom by : David Lindley

Download or read book Boltzmann's Atom written by David Lindley and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-12-19 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1900 many eminent scientists did not believe atoms existed, yet within just a few years the atomic century launched into history with an astonishing string of breakthroughs in physics that began with Albert Einstein and continues to this day. Before this explosive growth into the modern age took place, an all-but-forgotten genius strove for forty years to win acceptance for the atomic theory of matter and an altogether new way of doing physics. Ludwig Boltz-mann battled with philosophers, the scientific establishment, and his own potent demons. His victory led the way to the greatest scientific achievements of the twentieth century. Now acclaimed science writer David Lindley portrays the dramatic story of Boltzmann and his embrace of the atom, while providing a window on the civilized world that gave birth to our scientific era. Boltzmann emerges as an endearingly quixotic character, passionately inspired by Beethoven, who muddled through the practical matters of life in a European gilded age. Boltzmann's story reaches from fin de siècle Vienna, across Germany and Britain, to America. As the Habsburg Empire was crumbling, Germany's intellectual might was growing; Edinburgh in Scotland was one of the most intellectually fertile places on earth; and, in America, brilliant independent minds were beginning to draw on the best ideas of the bureaucratized old world. Boltzmann's nemesis in the field of theoretical physics at home in Austria was Ernst Mach, noted today in the term Mach I, the speed of sound. Mach believed physics should address only that which could be directly observed. How could we know that frisky atoms jiggling about corresponded to heat if we couldn't see them? Why should we bother with theories that only told us what would probably happen, rather than making an absolute prediction? Mach and Boltzmann both believed in the power of science, but their approaches to physics could not have been more opposed. Boltzmann sought to explain the real world, and cast aside any philosophical criteria. Mach, along with many nineteenth-century scientists, wanted to construct an empirical edifice of absolute truths that obeyed strict philosophical rules. Boltzmann did not get on well with authority in any form, and he did his best work at arm's length from it. When at the end of his career he engaged with the philosophical authorities in the Viennese academy, the results were personally disastrous and tragic. Yet Boltzmann's enduring legacy lives on in the new physics and technology of our wired world. Lindley's elegant telling of this tale combines the detailed breadth of the best history, the beauty of theoretical physics, and the psychological insight belonging to the finest of novels.

Ludwig Boltzmann

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Author :
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191606987
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Ludwig Boltzmann by : Carlo Cercignani

Download or read book Ludwig Boltzmann written by Carlo Cercignani and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-01-12 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the life and personality, the scientific and philosophical work of Ludwig Boltzmann, one of the great scientists who marked the passage from 19th- to 20th-Century physics. His rich and tragic life, ending by suicide at the age of 62, is described in detail. A substantial part of the book is devoted to discussing his scientific and philosophical ideas and placing them in the context of the second half of the 19th century. The fact that Boltzmann was the man who did most to establish that there is a microscopic, atomic structure underlying macroscopic bodies is documented, as is Boltzmann's influence on modern physics, especially through the work of Planck on light quanta and of Einstein on Brownian motion. Boltzmann was the centre of a scientific upheaval, and he has been proved right on many crucial issues. He anticipated Kuhn's theory of scientific revolutions and proposed a theory of knowledge based on Darwin. His basic results, when properly understood, can also be stated as mathematical theorems. Some of these have been proved: others are still at the level of likely but unproven conjectures. The main text of this biography is written almost entirely without equations. Mathematical appendices deepen knowledge of some technical aspects of the subject.

Anxiety and the Equation

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Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262546612
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Anxiety and the Equation by : Eric Johnson

Download or read book Anxiety and the Equation written by Eric Johnson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A man and his equation: the anxiety-plagued nineteenth-century physicist who contributed significantly to our understanding of the second law of thermodynamics. Ludwig Boltzmann's grave in Vienna's Central Cemetery bears a cryptic epitaph: S = k log W. This equation was Boltzmann's great discovery, and it contributed significantly to our understanding of the second law of thermodynamics. In Anxiety and the Equation, Eric Johnson tells the story of a man and his equation: the anxiety-plagued nineteenth-century physicist who did his most important work as he struggled with mental illness. Johnson explains that “S” in Boltzmann's equation refers to entropy, and that entropy is the central quantity in the second law of thermodynamics. The second law is always on, running in the background of our lives, providing a way to differentiate between past and future. We know that the future will be a state of higher entropy than the past, and we have Boltzmann to thank for discovering the equation that underlies that fundamental trend. Johnson, accessibly and engagingly, reassembles Boltzmann's equation from its various components and presents episodes from Boltzmann's life—beginning at the end, with “Boltzmann Kills Himself” and “Boltzmann Is Buried (Not Once, But Twice).” Johnson explains the second law in simple terms, introduces key concepts through thought experiments, and explores Boltzmann's work. He argues that Boltzmann, diagnosed by his contemporaries as neurasthenic, suffered from an anxiety disorder. He was, says Johnson, a man of reason who suffered from irrational concerns about his work, worrying especially about opposition from the scientific establishment of the day. Johnson's clear and concise explanations will acquaint the nonspecialist reader with such seemingly esoteric concepts as microstates, macrostates, fluctuations, the distribution of energy, log functions, and equilibrium. He describes Boltzmann's relationships with other scientists, including Max Planck and Henri Poincaré, and, finally, imagines “an alternative ending,” in which Boltzmann lived on and died of natural causes.

Boltzmann's Legacy

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Publisher : European Mathematical Society
ISBN 13 : 9783037190579
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Boltzmann's Legacy by : Jakob Yngvason

Download or read book Boltzmann's Legacy written by Jakob Yngvason and published by European Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2008 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann (1844-1906) was an Austrian physicist famous for his founding contributions in the fields of statistical mechanics and statistical thermodynamics. He was one of the most important advocates for atomic theory when that scientific model was still highly controversial. To commemorate the 100th anniversary of his death in Duino, the International Symposium ``Boltzmann's Legacy'' was held at the Erwin Schrodinger International Institute for Mathematical Physics in June 2006. This text covers a broad spectrum of topics ranging from equilibrium statistical and nonequilibrium statistical physics, ergodic theory and chaos to basic questions of biology and historical accounts of Boltzmann's work. Besides the lectures presented at the symposium the volume also contains contributions specially written for this occasion. The articles give a broad overview of Boltzmann's legacy to the sciences from the standpoint of some of today's leading scholars in the field. The book addresses students and researchers in mathematics, physics, and the history of science.

Uncertainty

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Publisher : Anchor
ISBN 13 : 0307389480
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncertainty by : David Lindley

Download or read book Uncertainty written by David Lindley and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2008-02-12 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gripping, entertaining, and vividly-told narrative of a radical discovery that sent shockwaves through the scientific community and forever changed the way we understand the world. Werner Heisenberg’s “uncertainty principle” challenged centuries of scientific understanding, placed him in direct opposition to Albert Einstein, and put Niels Bohr in the middle of one of the most heated debates in scientific history. Heisenberg’s theorem stated that there were physical limits to what we could know about sub-atomic particles; this “uncertainty” would have shocking implications. In a riveting and lively account, David Lindley captures this critical episode and explains one of the most important scientific discoveries in history, which has since transcended the boundaries of science and influenced everything from literary theory to television.

Atomic Age America

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131550975X
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis Atomic Age America by : Martin V. Melosi

Download or read book Atomic Age America written by Martin V. Melosi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic Age America looks at the broad influence of atomic energy¿focusing particularly on nuclear weapons and nuclear power¿on the lives of Americans within a world context. The text examines the social, political, diplomatic, environmental, and technical impacts of atomic energy on the 20th and 21st centuries, with a look back to the origins of atomic theory.

Einstein's Fridge

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501181327
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Einstein's Fridge by : Paul Sen

Download or read book Einstein's Fridge written by Paul Sen and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This entertaining, eye-opening account of how the laws of thermodynamics are essential to understanding the world today—from refrigeration and jet engines to calorie counting and global warming—is “a lesson in how to do popular science right” (Kirkus Reviews). Einstein’s Fridge tells the incredible epic story of the scientists who, over two centuries, harnessed the power of heat and ice and formulated a theory essential to comprehending our universe. “Although thermodynamics has been studied for hundreds of years…few nonscientists appreciate how its principles have shaped the modern world” (Scientific American). Thermodynamics—the branch of physics that deals with energy and entropy—governs everything from the behavior of living cells to the black hole at the center of our galaxy. Not only that, but thermodynamics explains why we must eat and breathe, how lights turn on, the limits of computing, and how the universe will end. The brilliant people who decoded its laws came from every branch of the sciences; they were engineers, physicists, chemists, biologists, cosmologists, and mathematicians. From French military engineer and physicist Sadi Carnot to Lord Kelvin, James Joule, Albert Einstein, Emmy Noether, Alan Turing, and Stephen Hawking, author Paul Sen introduces us to all of the players who passed the baton of scientific progress through time and across nations. Incredibly driven and idealistic, these brave pioneers performed groundbreaking work often in the face of torment and tragedy. Their discoveries helped create the modern world and transformed every branch of science, from biology to cosmology. “Elegantly written and engaging” (Financial Times), Einstein’s Fridge brings to life one of the most important scientific revolutions of all time and captures the thrill of discovery and the power of scientific progress to shape the course of history.

Atoms, Mechanics, and Probability

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192548344
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Atoms, Mechanics, and Probability by : Olivier Darrigol

Download or read book Atoms, Mechanics, and Probability written by Olivier Darrigol and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pillars of modern science, statistical mechanics, owes much to one man, the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906). As a result of his unusual working and writing styles, his enormous contribution remains little read and poorly understood. The purpose of this book is to make the Boltzmann corpus more accessible to physicists, philosophers, and historians, and so give it new life. The means are introductory biographical and historical materials, detailed and lucid summaries of every relevant publication, and a final chapter of critical synthesis. Special attention is given to Boltzmann's theoretical tool-box and to his patient construction of lofty formal systems even before their full conceptual import could be known. This constructive tendency largely accounts for his lengthy style, for the abundance of new constructions, for the relative vagueness of their object—and for the puzzlement of commentators. This book will help the reader cross the stylistic barrier and see how ingeniously Boltzmann combined atoms, mechanics, and probability to invent new bridges between the micro- and macro-worlds.

The Cave and the Light

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Author :
Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN 13 : 0553385666
Total Pages : 705 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (533 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cave and the Light by : Arthur Herman

Download or read book The Cave and the Light written by Arthur Herman and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive sequel to New York Times bestseller How the Scots Invented the Modern World is a magisterial account of how the two greatest thinkers of the ancient world, Plato and Aristotle, laid the foundations of Western culture—and how their rivalry shaped the essential features of our culture down to the present day. Plato came from a wealthy, connected Athenian family and lived a comfortable upper-class lifestyle until he met an odd little man named Socrates, who showed him a new world of ideas and ideals. Socrates taught Plato that a man must use reason to attain wisdom, and that the life of a lover of wisdom, a philosopher, was the pinnacle of achievement. Plato dedicated himself to living that ideal and went on to create a school, his famed Academy, to teach others the path to enlightenment through contemplation. However, the same Academy that spread Plato’s teachings also fostered his greatest rival. Born to a family of Greek physicians, Aristotle had learned early on the value of observation and hands-on experience. Rather than rely on pure contemplation, he insisted that the truest path to knowledge is through empirical discovery and exploration of the world around us. Aristotle, Plato’s most brilliant pupil, thus settled on a philosophy very different from his instructor’s and launched a rivalry with profound effects on Western culture. The two men disagreed on the fundamental purpose of the philosophy. For Plato, the image of the cave summed up man’s destined path, emerging from the darkness of material existence to the light of a higher and more spiritual truth. Aristotle thought otherwise. Instead of rising above mundane reality, he insisted, the philosopher’s job is to explain how the real world works, and how we can find our place in it. Aristotle set up a school in Athens to rival Plato’s Academy: the Lyceum. The competition that ensued between the two schools, and between Plato and Aristotle, set the world on an intellectual adventure that lasted through the Middle Ages and Renaissance and that still continues today. From Martin Luther (who named Aristotle the third great enemy of true religion, after the devil and the Pope) to Karl Marx (whose utopian views rival Plato’s), heroes and villains of history have been inspired and incensed by these two master philosophers—but never outside their influence. Accessible, riveting, and eloquently written, The Cave and the Light provides a stunning new perspective on the Western world, certain to open eyes and stir debate. Praise for The Cave and the Light “A sweeping intellectual history viewed through two ancient Greek lenses . . . breezy and enthusiastic but resting on a sturdy rock of research.”—Kirkus Reviews “Examining mathematics, politics, theology, and architecture, the book demonstrates the continuing relevance of the ancient world.”—Publishers Weekly “A fabulous way to understand over two millennia of history, all in one book.”—Library Journal “Entertaining and often illuminating.”—The Wall Street Journal

Boltzmann's Tomb

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781934137352
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Boltzmann's Tomb by : Bill Green

Download or read book Boltzmann's Tomb written by Bill Green and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bill Green travels to sites of scientific discovery around the globe and relates the stories of the scientists who lived and worked there.

Lectures on Gas Theory

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520368452
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Lectures on Gas Theory by : Ludwig Boltzmann

Download or read book Lectures on Gas Theory written by Ludwig Boltzmann and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-07-15 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1964.

The Edge of Objectivity

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691023506
Total Pages : 591 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Edge of Objectivity by : Charles Coulston Gillispie

Download or read book The Edge of Objectivity written by Charles Coulston Gillispie and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1960 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full circle -- Art, life, and experiment -- The new philosophy -- Newton with his prism and silent face -- Science and the Enlightenment -- The rationalization of matter -- The history of nature -- Biology comes of age -- Early energetics -- Field physics -- Epilogue.

Atoms, Molecules and Photons

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662555239
Total Pages : 551 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Atoms, Molecules and Photons by : Wolfgang Demtröder

Download or read book Atoms, Molecules and Photons written by Wolfgang Demtröder and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-09 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introduction to Atomic and Molecular Physics explains how our present model of atoms and molecules has been developed over the last two centuries both by many experimental discoveries and, from the theoretical side, by the introduction of quantum physics to the adequate description of micro-particles. It illustrates the wave model of particles by many examples and shows the limits of classical description. The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with atoms and molecules and its potential for spectroscopy is outlined in more detail and in particular lasers as modern spectroscopic tools are discussed more thoroughly. Many examples and problems with solutions are offered to encourage readers to actively engage in applying and adapting the fundamental physics presented in this textbook to specific situations. Completely revised third edition with new sections covering all actual developments, like photonics, ultrashort lasers, ultraprecise frequency combs, free electron lasers, cooling and trapping of atoms, quantum optics and quantum information.

The Dream Universe

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Publisher : Doubleday
ISBN 13 : 0385543867
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (855 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dream Universe by : David Lindley

Download or read book The Dream Universe written by David Lindley and published by Doubleday. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A vivid and captivating narrative about how modern science broke free of ancient philosophy, and how theoretical physics is returning to its unscientific roots In the early seventeenth century Galileo broke free from the hold of ancient Platonic and Aristotelian philosophy. He drastically changed the framework through which we view the natural world when he asserted that we should base our theory of reality on what we can observe rather than pure thought. In the process, he invented what we would come to call science. This set the stage for all the breakthroughs that followed--from Kepler to Newton to Einstein. But in the early twentieth century when quantum physics, with its deeply complex mathematics, entered into the picture, something began to change. Many physicists began looking to the equations first and physical reality second. As we investigate realms further and further from what we can see and what we can test, we must look to elegant, aesthetically pleasing equations to develop our conception of what reality is. As a result, much of theoretical physics today is something more akin to the philosophy of Plato than the science to which the physicists are heirs. In The Dream Universe, Lindley asks what is science when it becomes completely untethered from measurable phenomena?

Statistical Physics of Non Equilibrium Quantum Phenomena

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030343944
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Physics of Non Equilibrium Quantum Phenomena by : Yves Pomeau

Download or read book Statistical Physics of Non Equilibrium Quantum Phenomena written by Yves Pomeau and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to topics in non-equilibrium quantum statistical physics for both mathematicians and theoretical physicists. The first part introduces a kinetic equation, of Kolmogorov type, which is needed to describe an isolated atom (actually, in experiments, an ion) under the effect of a classical pumping electromagnetic field which keeps the atom in its excited state(s) together with the random emission of fluorescence photons which put it back into its ground state. The quantum kinetic theory developed in the second part is an extension of Boltzmann's classical (non-quantum) kinetic theory of a dilute gas of quantum bosons. This is the source of many interesting fundamental questions, particularly because, if the temperature is low enough, such a gas is known to have at equilibrium a transition, the Bose–Einstein transition, where a finite portion of the particles stay in the quantum ground state. An important question considered is how a Bose gas condensate develops in time if its energy is initially low enough.

About Time

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Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0684818221
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis About Time by : P. C. W. Davies

Download or read book About Time written by P. C. W. Davies and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1996-04-09 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the ramifications of Einstein's relativity theory, exploring the mysteries of time and considering black holes, time travel, the existence of God, and the nature of the universe.