Biometric Identification Law And Ethics

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Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics

Author : Marcus Smith
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030902551
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics by : Marcus Smith

Download or read book Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics written by Marcus Smith and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-12-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access. This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and DNA identification– as well the integration of biometric data with other forms of personal data, analyses key ethical concepts in play, including privacy, individual autonomy, collective responsibility, and joint ownership rights, and proposes a raft of principles to guide the regulation of biometrics in liberal democracies. Biometric identification technology is developing rapidly and being implemented more widely, along with other forms of information technology. As products, services and communication moves online, digital identity and security is becoming more important. Biometric identification facilitates this transition. Citizens now use biometrics to access a smartphone or obtain a passport; law enforcement agencies use biometrics in association with CCTV to identify a terrorist in a crowd, or identify a suspect via their fingerprints or DNA; and companies use biometrics to identify their customers and employees. In some cases the use of biometrics is governed by law, in others the technology has developed and been implemented so quickly that, perhaps because it has been viewed as a valuable security enhancement, laws regulating its use have often not been updated to reflect new applications. However, the technology associated with biometrics raises significant ethical problems, including in relation to individual privacy, ownership of biometric data, dual use and, more generally, as is illustrated by the increasing use of biometrics in authoritarian states such as China, the potential for unregulated biometrics to undermine fundamental principles of liberal democracy. Resolving these ethical problems is a vital step towards more effective regulation.

Second Generation Biometrics: The Ethical, Legal and Social Context

Author : Emilio Mordini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400738927
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Second Generation Biometrics: The Ethical, Legal and Social Context by : Emilio Mordini

Download or read book Second Generation Biometrics: The Ethical, Legal and Social Context written by Emilio Mordini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-02 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While a sharp debate is emerging about whether conventional biometric technology offers society any significant advantages over other forms of identification, and whether it constitutes a threat to privacy, technology is rapidly progressing. Politicians and the public are still discussing fingerprinting and iris scan, while scientists and engineers are already testing futuristic solutions. Second generation biometrics - which include multimodal biometrics, behavioural biometrics, dynamic face recognition, EEG and ECG biometrics, remote iris recognition, and other, still more astonishing, applications – is a reality which promises to overturn any current ethical standard about human identification. Robots which recognise their masters, CCTV which detects intentions, voice responders which analyse emotions: these are only a few applications in progress to be developed. This book is the first ever published on ethical, social and privacy implications of second generation biometrics. Authors include both distinguished scientists in the biometric field and prominent ethical, privacy and social scholars. This makes this book an invaluable tool for policy makers, technologists, social scientists, privacy authorities involved in biometric policy setting. Moreover it is a precious instrument to update scholars from different disciplines who are interested in biometrics and its wider social, ethical and political implications.

Biometrics, Crime and Security

Author : Marcus Smith
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351724029
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometrics, Crime and Security by : Marcus Smith

Download or read book Biometrics, Crime and Security written by Marcus Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the use of biometrics – including fingerprint identification, DNA identification and facial recognition – in the criminal justice system: balancing the need to ensure society is protected from harms, such as crime and terrorism, while also preserving individual rights. It offers a comprehensive discussion of biometric identification that includes a consideration of: basic scientific principles, their historical development, the perspectives of political philosophy, critical security and surveillance studies; but especially the relevant law, policy and regulatory issues. Developments in key jurisdictions where the technology has been implemented, including the United Kingdom, United States, Europe and Australia, are examined. This includes case studies relating to the implementation of new technology, policy, legislation, court judgements, and where available, empirical evaluations of the use of biometrics in criminal justice systems. Examples from non-western areas of the world are also considered. Accessibly written, this book will be of interest to undergraduate, postgraduate and research students, academic researchers, as well as professionals in government, security, legal and private sectors.

When Biometrics Fail

Author : Shoshana Magnet
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822351358
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis When Biometrics Fail by : Shoshana Magnet

Download or read book When Biometrics Fail written by Shoshana Magnet and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2011-11-11 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the proliferation of surveillance technologies&—such as facial recognition software and digital fingerprinting&—that have come to pervade our everyday lives. Often developed as methods to ensure "national security," these technologies are also routinely employed to regulate our personal information, our work lives, what we buy, and how we live.

Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics

Author : Marcus Smith
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030902560
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics by : Marcus Smith

Download or read book Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics written by Marcus Smith and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access. This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and DNA identification– as well the integration of biometric data with other forms of personal data, analyses key ethical concepts in play, including privacy, individual autonomy, collective responsibility, and joint ownership rights, and proposes a raft of principles to guide the regulation of biometrics in liberal democracies. Biometric identification technology is developing rapidly and being implemented more widely, along with other forms of information technology. As products, services and communication moves online, digital identity and security is becoming more important. Biometric identification facilitates this transition. Citizens now use biometrics to access a smartphone or obtain a passport; law enforcement agencies use biometrics in association with CCTV to identify a terrorist in a crowd, or identify a suspect via their fingerprints or DNA; and companies use biometrics to identify their customers and employees. In some cases the use of biometrics is governed by law, in others the technology has developed and been implemented so quickly that, perhaps because it has been viewed as a valuable security enhancement, laws regulating its use have often not been updated to reflect new applications. However, the technology associated with biometrics raises significant ethical problems, including in relation to individual privacy, ownership of biometric data, dual use and, more generally, as is illustrated by the increasing use of biometrics in authoritarian states such as China, the potential for unregulated biometrics to undermine fundamental principles of liberal democracy. Resolving these ethical problems is a vital step towards more effective regulation.

Biometric Recognition

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309142075
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometric Recognition by : National Research Council

Download or read book Biometric Recognition written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-12-12 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biometric recognition-the automated recognition of individuals based on their behavioral and biological characteristic-is promoted as a way to help identify terrorists, provide better control of access to physical facilities and financial accounts, and increase the efficiency of access to services and their utilization. Biometric recognition has been applied to identification of criminals, patient tracking in medical informatics, and the personalization of social services, among other things. In spite of substantial effort, however, there remain unresolved questions about the effectiveness and management of systems for biometric recognition, as well as the appropriateness and societal impact of their use. Moreover, the general public has been exposed to biometrics largely as high-technology gadgets in spy thrillers or as fear-instilling instruments of state or corporate surveillance in speculative fiction. Now, as biometric technologies appear poised for broader use, increased concerns about national security and the tracking of individuals as they cross borders have caused passports, visas, and border-crossing records to be linked to biometric data. A focus on fighting insurgencies and terrorism has led to the military deployment of biometric tools to enable recognition of individuals as friend or foe. Commercially, finger-imaging sensors, whose cost and physical size have been reduced, now appear on many laptop personal computers, handheld devices, mobile phones, and other consumer devices. Biometric Recognition: Challenges and Opportunities addresses the issues surrounding broader implementation of this technology, making two main points: first, biometric recognition systems are incredibly complex, and need to be addressed as such. Second, biometric recognition is an inherently probabilistic endeavor. Consequently, even when the technology and the system in which it is embedded are behaving as designed, there is inevitable uncertainty and risk of error. This book elaborates on these themes in detail to provide policy makers, developers, and researchers a comprehensive assessment of biometric recognition that examines current capabilities, future possibilities, and the role of government in technology and system development.

First Platoon

Author : Annie Jacobsen
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1524746665
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (247 download)

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Book Synopsis First Platoon by : Annie Jacobsen

Download or read book First Platoon written by Annie Jacobsen and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A powerful story of war in our time, of love of country, the experience of tragedy, and a platoon at the center of it all. This is a story that starts off close and goes very big. The initial part of the story might sound familiar at first: it is about a platoon of mostly nineteen-year-old boys sent to Afghanistan, and an experience that ends abruptly in catastrophe. Their part of the story folds into the next: inexorably linked to those soldiers and never comprehensively reported before is the U.S. Department of Defense’s quest to build the world’s most powerful biometrics database, with the ability to identify, monitor, catalog, and police people all over the world. First Platoon is an American saga that illuminates a transformation of society made possible by this new technology. Part war story, part legal drama, it is about identity in the age of identification. About humanity—physical bravery, trauma, PTSD, a yearning to do right and good—in the age of biometrics, which reduce people to iris scans, fingerprint scans, voice patterning, detection by odor, gait, and more. And about the power of point of view in a burgeoning surveillance state. Based on hundreds of formerly classified documents, FOIA requests, and exclusive interviews, First Platoon is an investigative exposé by a master chronicler of government secrets. First Platoon reveals a post–9/11 Pentagon whose identification machines have grown more capable than the humans who must make sense of them. A Pentagon so powerful it can cover up its own internal mistakes in pursuit of endless wars. And a people at its mercy, in its last moments before a fundamental change so complete it might be impossible to take back.

Face Recognition Technologies

Author : Douglas Yeung
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 197740457X
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (774 download)

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Book Synopsis Face Recognition Technologies by : Douglas Yeung

Download or read book Face Recognition Technologies written by Douglas Yeung and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Face recognition technologies (FRTs) have many practical security-related purposes, but advocacy groups and individuals have expressed apprehensions about their use. This report highlights the high-level privacy and bias implications of FRT systems. The authors propose a heuristic with two dimensions -- consent status and comparison type -- to help determine a proposed FRT's level of privacy and accuracy. They also identify privacy and bias concerns.

Security and Privacy in Biometrics

Author : Patrizio Campisi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447152301
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Security and Privacy in Biometrics by : Patrizio Campisi

Download or read book Security and Privacy in Biometrics written by Patrizio Campisi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important text/reference presents the latest secure and privacy-compliant techniques in automatic human recognition. Featuring viewpoints from an international selection of experts in the field, the comprehensive coverage spans both theory and practical implementations, taking into consideration all ethical and legal issues. Topics and features: presents a unique focus on novel approaches and new architectures for unimodal and multimodal template protection; examines signal processing techniques in the encrypted domain, security and privacy leakage assessment, and aspects of standardization; describes real-world applications, from face and fingerprint-based user recognition, to biometrics-based electronic documents, and biometric systems employing smart cards; reviews the ethical implications of the ubiquity of biometrics in everyday life, and its impact on human dignity; provides guidance on best practices for the processing of biometric data within a legal framework.

Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309134005
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age by : National Research Council

Download or read book Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-06-28 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Privacy is a growing concern in the United States and around the world. The spread of the Internet and the seemingly boundaryless options for collecting, saving, sharing, and comparing information trigger consumer worries. Online practices of business and government agencies may present new ways to compromise privacy, and e-commerce and technologies that make a wide range of personal information available to anyone with a Web browser only begin to hint at the possibilities for inappropriate or unwarranted intrusion into our personal lives. Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age presents a comprehensive and multidisciplinary examination of privacy in the information age. It explores such important concepts as how the threats to privacy evolving, how can privacy be protected and how society can balance the interests of individuals, businesses and government in ways that promote privacy reasonably and effectively? This book seeks to raise awareness of the web of connectedness among the actions one takes and the privacy policies that are enacted, and provides a variety of tools and concepts with which debates over privacy can be more fruitfully engaged. Engaging Privacy and Information Technology in a Digital Age focuses on three major components affecting notions, perceptions, and expectations of privacy: technological change, societal shifts, and circumstantial discontinuities. This book will be of special interest to anyone interested in understanding why privacy issues are often so intractable.

The Social Life of Biometrics

Author : George C Grinnell
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 1978809085
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Life of Biometrics by : George C Grinnell

Download or read book The Social Life of Biometrics written by George C Grinnell and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Social Life of Biometrics, biometrics is loosely defined as a discrete technology of identification that associates physical features with a legal identity. Author George Grinnell considers the social and cultural life of biometrics by examining what it is asked to do, imagined to do, and its intended and unintended effects. As a human-focused account of technology, the book contends that biometrics needs to be understood as a mode of thought that informs how we live and understand one another; it is not simply a neutral technology of identification. Placing our biometric present in historical and cultural perspective, The Social Life of Biometrics examines a range of human experiences of biometrics. It features individual stories from locations as diverse as Turkey, Canada, Qatar, Six Nations territory in New York State, Iraq, the skies above New York City, a university campus and Nairobi to give cultural accounts of identification and look at the ongoing legacies of our biometric ambitions. It ends by considering the ethics surrounding biometrics and human identity, migration, movement, strangers, borders, and the nature of the body and its coherence. How has biometric thought structured ideas about borders, race, covered faces, migration, territory, citizenship, and international responsibility? What might happen if identity was less defined by the question of “who’s there?” and much more by the question “how do you live?”

Bio-Privacy

Author : Nancy Yue Liu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136638156
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Bio-Privacy by : Nancy Yue Liu

Download or read book Bio-Privacy written by Nancy Yue Liu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-Privacy: Privacy Regulations and the Challenge of Biometrics provides an in-depth consideration of the legal issues posed by the use of biometric technology. Focusing particularly on the relationship between the use of this technology and the protection of privacy, this book draws on material across a range of jurisdictions in order to explore several key questions. What are the privacy issues in the biometric context? How are these issues currently dealt with under the law? What principles are applied? Is the current regulation satisfactory? Is it applied consistently? And, more generally, what is the most appropriate way to deal with the legal implications of biometrics? Offering an analysis, and recommendations, with a view to securing adequate human rights and personal data protection, Bio-Privacy: Privacy Regulations and the Challenge of Biometrics will be an important reference point for those with interests in the tension between freedom and security.

Encyclopedia of Information Ethics and Security

Author : Quigley, Marian
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1591409888
Total Pages : 696 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Information Ethics and Security by : Quigley, Marian

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Information Ethics and Security written by Quigley, Marian and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2007-05-31 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid technological advancement has given rise to new ethical dilemmas and security threats, while the development of appropriate ethical codes and security measures fail to keep pace, which makes the education of computer users and professionals crucial. The Encyclopedia of Information Ethics and Security is an original, comprehensive reference source on ethical and security issues relating to the latest technologies. Covering a wide range of themes, this valuable reference tool includes topics such as computer crime, information warfare, privacy, surveillance, intellectual property and education. This encyclopedia is a useful tool for students, academics, and professionals.

Modern Theories and Practices for Cyber Ethics and Security Compliance

Author : Yaokumah, Winfred
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799831507
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Theories and Practices for Cyber Ethics and Security Compliance by : Yaokumah, Winfred

Download or read book Modern Theories and Practices for Cyber Ethics and Security Compliance written by Yaokumah, Winfred and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-04-10 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today’s globalized world, businesses and governments rely heavily on technology for storing and protecting essential information and data. Despite the benefits that computing systems offer, there remains an assortment of issues and challenges in maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of these databases. As professionals become more dependent cyberspace, there is a need for research on modern strategies and concepts for improving the security and safety of these technologies. Modern Theories and Practices for Cyber Ethics and Security Compliance is a collection of innovative research on the concepts, models, issues, challenges, innovations, and mitigation strategies needed to improve cyber protection. While highlighting topics including database governance, cryptography, and intrusion detection, this book provides guidelines for the protection, safety, and security of business data and national infrastructure from cyber-attacks. It is ideally designed for security analysts, law enforcement, researchers, legal practitioners, policymakers, business professionals, governments, strategists, educators, and students seeking current research on combative solutions for cyber threats and attacks.

Biometric Systems

Author : James L. Wayman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1846280648
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Biometric Systems by : James L. Wayman

Download or read book Biometric Systems written by James L. Wayman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-09-20 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biometric Systems provides practitioners with an overview of the principles and methods needed to build reliable biometric systems. It covers three main topics: key biometric technologies, design and management issues, and the performance evaluation of biometric systems for personal verification/identification. The four most widely used technologies are focused on - speech, fingerprint, iris and face recognition. Key features include: in-depth coverage of the technical and practical obstacles which are often neglected by application developers and system integrators and which result in shortfalls between expected and actual performance; and protocols and benchmarks which will allow developers to compare performance and track system improvements.

Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes

Author : Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 1587634333
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes by : Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ

Download or read book Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes written by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is intended to support the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and quality evaluation of registries created to increase understanding of patient outcomes. For the purposes of this guide, a patient registry is an organized system that uses observational study methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) to evaluate specified outcomes for a population defined by a particular disease, condition, or exposure, and that serves one or more predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purposes. A registry database is a file (or files) derived from the registry. Although registries can serve many purposes, this guide focuses on registries created for one or more of the following purposes: to describe the natural history of disease, to determine clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of health care products and services, to measure or monitor safety and harm, and/or to measure quality of care. Registries are classified according to how their populations are defined. For example, product registries include patients who have been exposed to biopharmaceutical products or medical devices. Health services registries consist of patients who have had a common procedure, clinical encounter, or hospitalization. Disease or condition registries are defined by patients having the same diagnosis, such as cystic fibrosis or heart failure. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews.

Handbook of Biometrics for Forensic Science

Author : Massimo Tistarelli
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319506730
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Biometrics for Forensic Science by : Massimo Tistarelli

Download or read book Handbook of Biometrics for Forensic Science written by Massimo Tistarelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive handbook addresses the sophisticated forensic threats and challenges that have arisen in the modern digital age, and reviews the new computing solutions that have been proposed to tackle them. These include identity-related scenarios which cannot be solved with traditional approaches, such as attacks on security systems and the identification of abnormal/dangerous behaviors from remote cameras. Features: provides an in-depth analysis of the state of the art, together with a broad review of the available technologies and their potential applications; discusses potential future developments in the adoption of advanced technologies for the automated or semi-automated analysis of forensic traces; presents a particular focus on the acquisition and processing of data from real-world forensic cases; offers an holistic perspective, integrating work from different research institutions and combining viewpoints from both biometric technologies and forensic science.