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Behaviour Bias And Handicaps
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Book Synopsis Behavior, Bias and Handicaps by : Judith W. Kugelmass
Download or read book Behavior, Bias and Handicaps written by Judith W. Kugelmass and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the case studies of children who are identified as emotionally disturbed as well as those labeled as learning disabled or educable mentally retarded from both a deviancy and ecological perspective for a more complete understanding of the children and the labeling process.
Book Synopsis Behaviour Bias and Handicaps by : Taylor & Francis Group
Download or read book Behaviour Bias and Handicaps written by Taylor & Francis Group and published by . This book was released on 2018-01-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Handicap Principle by : Amotz Zahavi
Download or read book The Handicap Principle written by Amotz Zahavi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-03 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since Darwin, animal behavior has intrigued and perplexed human observers. The elaborate mating rituals, lavish decorative displays, complex songs, calls, dances and many other forms of animal signaling raise fascinating questions. To what degree can animals communicate within their own species and even between species? What evolutionary purpose do such communications serve? Perhaps most importantly, what can animal signaling tell us about our own non-verbal forms of communication? In The Handicap Principle, Amotz and Ashivag Zahavi offer a unifying theory that brilliantly explains many previously baffling aspects of animal signaling and holds up a mirror in which ordinary human behaviors take on surprising new significance. The wide-ranging implications of the Zahavis' new theory make it arguably the most important advance in animal behavior in decades. Based on 20 years of painstaking observation, the Handicap Principle illuminates an astonishing variety of signaling behaviors in animals ranging from ants and ameba to peacocks and gazelles. Essentially, the theory asserts that for animal signals to be effective they must be reliable, and to be reliable they must impose a cost, or handicap, on the signaler. When a gazelle sights a wolf, for instance, and jumps high into the air several times before fleeing, it is signaling, in a reliable way, that it is in tip-top condition, easily able to outrun the wolf. (A human parallel occurs in children's games of tag, where faster children will often taunt their pursuer before running). By momentarily handicapping itself--expending precious time and energy in this display--the gazelle underscores the truthfulness of its signal. Such signaling, the authors suggest, serves the interests of both predator and prey, sparing each the exhaustion of a pointless chase. Similarly, the enormous cost a peacock incurs by carrying its elaborate and weighty tail-feathers, which interfere with food gathering, reliably communicates its value as a mate able to provide for its offspring. Perhaps the book's most important application of the Handicap Principle is to the evolutionary enigma of animal altruism. The authors convincingly demonstrate that when an animal acts altruistically, it handicaps itself--assumes a risk or endures a sacrifice--not primarily to benefit its kin or social group but to increase its own prestige within the group and thus signal its status as a partner or rival. Finally, the Zahavis' show how many forms of non-verbal communication among humans can also be explained by the Handicap Principle. Indeed, the authors suggest that non-verbal signals--tones of voice, facial expressions, body postures--are quite often more reliable indicators of our intentions than is language. Elegantly written, exhaustively researched, and consistently enlivened by equal measures of insight and example, The Handicap Principle illuminates virtually every kind of animal communication. It not only allows us to hear what animals are saying to each other--and to understand why they are saying it--but also to see the enormously important role non-verbal behavior plays in human communication.
Book Synopsis Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy for People with Learning Disabilities by : Biza Stenfert Kroese
Download or read book Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy for People with Learning Disabilities written by Biza Stenfert Kroese and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-08-04 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive therapy is a well known and widely used means of helping depressed patients, but is only now beginning to be extended to other client groups. Cognitive Therapy for Learning Disability contains contributions from well known and highly experienced practitioner researchers about the theoretical and practical issues surrounding the application of cognitive therapy to this special client group. Since cognitive therapy is usually understood to consist mainly of talking and introspection, the communication difficulties, challenging behaviours and the whole question of self-regulation make CBT for learning disabled people a challenging and fascinating topic. Cognitive Therapy for Learning Disability provides a wealth of practical examples for training and will be invaluable to clinical psychologists, psychiatrists and all researchers and practitioners who deal with learning disabled people in their daily lives.
Book Synopsis The Assessment of Special Educational Needs by : David M Galloway
Download or read book The Assessment of Special Educational Needs written by David M Galloway and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate about special needs provision has increased dramatically over the last 15 years, however, despite the widespread concern over both learning and behavioural difficulties, there have been few attempts to analyse in detail the process of assessment by which children are being identified as having special educational needs. Drawing upon research carried out by the authors, this book fills that gap by examining the process in detail. It considers the assessment process itself and how it affects and is affected by other areas of school policy - in some cases causing tension and conflict such as parental participation, the use and allocation of resources and multi-professional decision-making. A feature of the book is its analysis of the impact of the National Curriculum and the local management of schools (LMS) provision for special needs.
Book Synopsis Assessment and Programming for Young Children with Low-Incidence Handicaps by : Cecil R. Reynolds
Download or read book Assessment and Programming for Young Children with Low-Incidence Handicaps written by Cecil R. Reynolds and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public schools have taken on increasing responsibility over the last decade for providing in-school educational services to chil dren with low-incidence handicaps, children who, not very many years ago, would have been relegated to custodial care or limited to care only in the home. With the increasing responsibility for educating these children has come recognition that few of us have the requisite knowledge or skills to deliver high-quality services to these chil dren. University programs are providing more staff, but the existing staff must also be trained. We have been involved for several years, with the special education branch of the Nebraska Department of Edu cation in the provision of in-service training in the early identifi cation and assessment of handicapping conditions, when we realized an even greater need for training regular classroom teachers, administra tors, and psychologists in addition to early childhood special educa tion personnel about the nature of low-incidence handicaps and how they might be dealt with in the public school setting. Knowing the enormity and the expense of such an undertaking, we tenuously ap proached the State Department. They too were cognizant of this need and welcomed our ideas. Jan Thelen and her capable staff then took to coordinating the planning with us and the Nebraska Department of Education provided the fundings.
Book Synopsis Vital Questions Facing Disability Studies in Education by : Scot Danforth
Download or read book Vital Questions Facing Disability Studies in Education written by Scot Danforth and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2006 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disability studies in education is a provocative and innovative field of social inquiry that challenges standard ways of thinking about disability in education, practices that serve to exclude disabled people from equal educational opportunity, and policies that support or drive inequality. This book brings together the best disability studies in education scholars to address the pressing questions facing the field. It provides an introduction to the field for the newcomer, a sharp challenge to the status quo in special and general education, and a map to understanding the serious disability issues confronting education today.
Download or read book Integration written by Len Barton and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of conference papers on disability, handicap and policy. The intention behind the international conference was to provide a forum in which perspectives, research findings and policy developments could lead to a strengthening of our commitment to the empowerment of disabled people.
Book Synopsis The Unteachables by : Keith A. Mayes
Download or read book The Unteachables written by Keith A. Mayes and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2023-01-24 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How special education used disability labels to marginalize Black students in public schools The Unteachables examines the overrepresentation of Black students in special education over the course of the twentieth century. As African American children integrated predominantly white schools, many were disproportionately labeled educable mentally retarded (EMR), learning disabled (LD), and emotionally behavioral disordered (EBD). Keith A. Mayes charts the evolution of disability categories and how these labels kept Black learners segregated in American classrooms. The civil rights and the educational disability rights movements, Mayes shows, have both collaborated and worked at cross-purposes since the beginning of school desegregation. Disability rights advocates built upon the opportunity provided by the civil rights movement to make claims about student invisibility at the level of intellectual and cognitive disabilities. Although special education ostensibly included children from all racial groups, educational disability rights advocates focused on the needs of white disabled students, while school systems used disability discourses to malign and marginalize Black students. From the 1940s to the present, social science researchers, policymakers, school administrators, and teachers have each contributed to the overrepresentation of Black students in special education. Excavating the deep-seated racism embedded in both the public school system and public policy, The Unteachables explores the discriminatory labeling of Black students, and how it indelibly contributed to special education disproportionality, to student discipline and push-out practices, and to the school-to-prison pipeline effect.
Download or read book The Autism Matrix written by Gil Eyal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-08-26 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today autism has become highly visible. Once you begin to look for it, you realize it is everywhere. Why? We all know the answer or think we do: there is an autism epidemic. And if it is an epidemic, then we know what must be done: lots of money must be thrown at it, detection centers must be established and explanations sought, so that the number of new cases can be brought down and the epidemic brought under control. But can it really be so simple? This major new book offers a very different interpretation. The authors argue that the recent rise in autism should be understood an “aftershock” of the real earthquake, which was the deinstitutionalization of mental retardation in the mid-1970s. This entailed a radical transformation not only of the institutional matrix for dealing with developmental disorders of childhood, but also of the cultural lens through which we view them. It opened up a space for viewing and treating childhood disorders as neither mental illness nor mental retardation, neither curable nor incurable, but somewhere in-between. The authors show that where deinstitutionalization went the furthest, as in Scandinavia, UK and the “blue” states of the US, autism rates are also highest. Where it was absent or delayed, as in France, autism rates are low. Combining a historical narrative with international comparison, The Autism Matrix offers a fresh and powerful analysis of a condition that affects many parents and children today.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities by : Johnny L. Matson
Download or read book Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities written by Johnny L. Matson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 1115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers a comprehensive review of intellectual disabilities (ID). It examines historical perspectives and foundational principles in the field. The handbook addresses philosophy of care for individuals with ID, as well as parent and professional issues and organizations, staffing, and working on multidisciplinary teams. Chapters explore issues of client protection, risk factors of ID, basic research issues, and legal concerns. In addition, chapters include information on evidence-based assessments and innovative treatments to address a variety of behaviors associated with ID. The handbook provides an in-depth analysis of comorbid physical disorders, such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy and seizures, and developmental coordination disorders (DCD), in relation to ID. Topics featured in this handbook include: Informed consent and the enablement of persons with ID. The responsible use of restraint and seclusion as a protective measure. Vocational training and job preparation programs that assist individuals with ID. Psychological and educational approaches to the treatment of aggression and tantrums. Emerging technologies that support learning for students with ID. Key sexuality and relationship issues that are faced by individuals with ID. Effective approaches to weight management for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities is an essential reference for researchers, graduate students, clinicians and related therapists and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, pediatrics, social work, developmental psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, child and adolescent psychiatry, and special education.
Book Synopsis Neurobehavioural Disability and Social Handicap Following Traumatic Brain Injury by : Tom M. McMillan
Download or read book Neurobehavioural Disability and Social Handicap Following Traumatic Brain Injury written by Tom M. McMillan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurobehavioural disability (NBD) follows many forms of serious brain injury and is a major constraint on social independence. This book brings together a group of leading academics and practising clinicians to provide an overview of the nature of NBD, considering how it translates into social handicap, and what can be done to address associated problems, through social and behavioural rehabilitation, vocational training and family education. This fully revised edition takes into account advances in the field, exploring the range of cognitive, emotional, and behavioural effects of brain damage most commonly associated with damage to the frontal and associated structures of the brain that govern social behaviour. This edition also features increased emphasis on psychological interventions, as well as new chapters on brain imaging, pharmacotherapy and assistive technology for disability. Neurobehavioural Disability and Social Handicap Following Traumatic Brain Injury is essential reading for clinical psychologists, psychiatrists and neurologists working in brain injury rehabilitation. The book will also be of interest to relatives of those with brain injury seeking better knowledge to understand neurobehavioural disability, as well as the growing number of therapy care assistants, case managers, support workers, and social workers responsible for the day to day care of brain injured people in the community.
Book Synopsis Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Book Synopsis Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Developmental Disabilities and Mental Retardation by : Nick Bouras
Download or read book Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Developmental Disabilities and Mental Retardation written by Nick Bouras and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes index.
Book Synopsis Oxford Textbook of the Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability by : Sabayasachi Bhaumik
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of the Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability written by Sabayasachi Bhaumik and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-01-23 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intellectual Disability (ID) describes a lifelong condition of heterogeneous aetiology, associated with the impairment of intellectual functioning (IQ 70), significant impairment of adaptive skills, and onset before the age of 18 years. People with ID experience significant physical andmental health problems like associated sensory/motor impairments and epilepsy, some of which are contributed to by underlying primary causes. Psychiatric problems are also three times more common in people with ID in comparison to the general population.The psychiatry of ID is a core part of training to be a psychiatrist yet there are limited resources on this topic aimed at both trainees and practising clinicians alike. Oxford Textbook of the Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability bridges this gap by providing up-to-date evidence-based content onthe assessment, diagnosis, and management of psychiatry in people with ID.Featuring 28 chapters written by international experts in the field, the Oxford Textbook of the Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability presents fresh global insight and coverage of the subject. Chapters cover key topics from the developmental aspects of ID, mental disorders in childhood, andbehaviour phenotypes, through to physical health, dementia and other disorders associated with ageing.Each chapter provides trustworthy evidence and a wealth of practical advice for clinical situations, including case studies in community and hospital settings, and multiple choice questions for self-evaluation and consolidation of knowledge.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309472296 Total Pages :103 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Aging and Disability by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Aging and Disability written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many different groups of people are subject to stereotypes. Positive stereotypes (e.g., "older and wiser") may provide a benefit to the relevant groups. However, negative stereotypes of aging and of disability continue to persist and, in some cases, remain socially acceptable. Research has shown that when exposed to negative images of aging, older persons demonstrate poor physical and cognitive performance and function, while those who are exposed to positive images of aging (or who have positive self-perceptions of aging) demonstrate better performance and function. Furthermore, an individual's expectations about and perceptions of aging can predict future health outcomes. To better understand how stereotypes affect older adults and individuals with disabilities, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, with support from AARP, convened a public workshop on October 10, 2017. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis Learning Disabilities by : Eamon Shanley
Download or read book Learning Disabilities written by Eamon Shanley and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the latest changes that have taken place in the philosophy of care for people with learning disabilities, this edition describes practical means of improving quality of life for people with learning disabilities and promotes self-help.
