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Baseline Natural Attenuation Processes Lines Of Inquiry Supporting Monitored Natural Attenuation Of Chlorinated Solvents
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Book Synopsis Baseline Natural Attenuation Processes Lines of Inquiry Supporting Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents by :
Download or read book Baseline Natural Attenuation Processes Lines of Inquiry Supporting Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy is sponsoring an initiative to facilitate efficient, effective and responsible use of Monitored Natural Attenuation and Enhanced Passive Remediation for chlorinated solvents. This Office of Environmental Management ''Alternative Project, '' focuses on providing scientific and policy support for MNA/EPR. A broadly representative working group of scientists supports the project along with partnerships with regulatory organizations such as the Interstate Technology Regulatory Council and the Environmental Protection Agency. The initial product of the technical working group was a summary report that articulated the conceptual approach and central scientific tenants of the project, and that identified a prioritized listing of technical targets for field research. This report documented the process in which scientific ground rules were developed, lines of inquiry were identified and then critically evaluated, promising applied research topics were highlighted in the various lines of inquiry, and these were discussed and prioritized. The summary report will serve as a resource to guide management and decision making throughout the period of the subject MNA/EPR Alternative Project. To support and more fully document the information presented in the summary report, we are publishing a series of supplemental documents that present the full texts from the technical analyses within the various lines of inquiry. The following report documenting our evaluation of the state of the science of baseline natural attenuation processes is one of those supplemental documents.
Book Synopsis POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENTS TO NATURAL ATTENUATION by : K. Vangelas
Download or read book POTENTIAL ENHANCEMENTS TO NATURAL ATTENUATION written by K. Vangelas and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy (DOE) is sponsoring an initiative to facilitate efficient, effective and responsible use of Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) and Enhanced Passive Remediation (EPR) for chlorinated solvents. This Office of Environmental Management (EM) ''Alternative Project, '' focuses on providing scientific and policy support for MNA/EPR. A broadly representative working group of scientists supports the project along with partnerships with regulatory organizations such as the Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The initial product of the technical working group was a summary report that articulated the conceptual approach and central scientific tenants of the project, and that identified a prioritized listing of technical targets for field research. This report documented the process in which: (1) scientific ground rules were developed, (2) lines of inquiry were identified and then critically evaluated, (3) promising applied research topics were highlighted in the various lines of inquiry, and (4) these were discussed and prioritized. The summary report will serve as a resource to guide management and decision-making throughout the period of the subject MNA/EPR Alternative Project. To support and more fully document the information presented in the summary report, we are publishing a series of supplemental documents that present the full texts from the technical analyses within the various lines of inquiry (see listing). The following report - documenting our evaluation of the state of the science of the characterization and monitoring process and tools-- is one of those supplemental documents.
Book Synopsis Multiple Lines Of Evidence Supporting Natural Attenuation by : W. Z. Dickson
Download or read book Multiple Lines Of Evidence Supporting Natural Attenuation written by W. Z. Dickson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy (DOE) is sponsoring an initiative to facilitate efficient, effective and responsible use of Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) and Enhanced Attenuation (EA) for chlorinated solvents. This Office of Environmental Management (EM) ''Alternative Project, '' focuses on providing scientific and policy support for MNA/EA. A broadly representative working group of scientists supports the project along with partnerships with regulatory organizations such as the Interstate Technology Regulatory Council (ITRC) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The initial product of the technical working group was a summary report that articulated the conceptual approach and central scientific tenants of the project, and that identified a prioritized listing of technical targets for field research. This report documented the process in which: (1) scientific ground rules were developed, (2) lines of inquiry were identified and then critically evaluated, (3) promising applied research topics were highlighted in the various lines of inquiry, and (4) these were discussed and prioritized. The summary report will serve as a resource to guide management and decision making throughout the period of the subject MNA/EA Alternative Project. To support and more fully document the information presented in the summary report, the DOE is publishing a series of supplemental documents that present the full texts from the technical analyses within the various lines of inquiry (see listing). The following report--documenting our evaluation of the state of the science for the lines of evidence for supporting decision-making for MNA--is one of those supplemental documents.
Book Synopsis Historical and Retrospective Survey of Monitored Natural Attenuation by :
Download or read book Historical and Retrospective Survey of Monitored Natural Attenuation written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As requested by the Savannah River Technology Center, Groundwater Services, Inc. (GSI), has conducted a historical analysis of Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) application at chlorinated solvent sites. The objective of the analysis was to document trends, characteristics, successes, and barriers in the use of MNA as a remedy at chlorinated solvent sites. The analysis consisted of the following: (1) a review of recent literature regarding application of natural attenuation at chlorinated solvent sites, (2) a review of regulatory and industry guidance directing evaluation and implementation of MNA as a remedy at chlorinated solvent sites, and (3) a historical survey distributed to MNA experts, which requested data relating to the evaluation and implementation of MNA at chlorinated solvent sites.
Book Synopsis The Old Man in the Corner by : Emmuska Orczy
Download or read book The Old Man in the Corner written by Emmuska Orczy and published by . This book was released on 2012-11-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Old Man in the Corner was one of the earliest armchair detectives, popping up with so many others in the wake of the huge popularity of the Sherlock Holmes stories. The Old Man relies mostly upon sensationalistic "penny dreadful" newspaper accounts, with the occasional courtroom visit for extra laughs. He narrates all this information (while tying complicated knots in a piece of string) to a Lady Journalist who frequents the same tea-shop.
Download or read book MASS BALANCE written by B. Looney and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitored natural attenuation (MNA) and enhanced attenuation (EA) are two environmental management strategies that rely on a variety of attenuation processes to degrade or immobilize contaminants and are implemented at appropriate sites by demonstrating that contaminant plumes have low risk and are stable or shrinking. The concept of a mass balance between the loading and attenuation of contaminants in a groundwater system is a powerful framework for conceptualizing and documenting the relative stability of a contaminant plume. As a result, this concept has significant potential to support appropriate implementation of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) and enhanced attenuation (EA). For mass balance to be useful in engineering practice, however, it is necessary to quantify it in practical ways that facilitate overall site remediation and which are consistent with existing regulatory guidance. Two divergent philosophies exist for quantifying plume stability--empirical and deterministic. The first relies on historical contaminant concentration data and bulk geochemical information from a monitoring well network and documents plume stability using trend analysis and statistical tools. This empirical approach, when feasible, provides powerful and compelling documentation of plume behavior and mass balance. It provides an interpretation on a relevant scale under field conditions. It integrates the operative attenuation processes measured by observing their actual impact on the plume. The power of the empirical approach was recognized early in the development of MNA guidance and protocols and it is currently the basis of the three lines of evidence used in MNA studies. The empirical approach has some weaknesses, however. It requires a relatively long period of undisturbed historical data. Thus it cannot be effectively applied to sites where active remediation was initiated quickly and is currently operating. It cannot be used as a tool to determine how much source removal is needed or when to turn off active remediation and transition to MNA. It cannot be used to evaluate potential enhancement options (unless a long period of post enhancement monitoring is planned). It provides only indirect information about process and treats the plume as a ''black box''. The empirical approach has the advantage that, when sufficient monitoring data are available, the attenuation capacity can be defined inexpensively and with a high degree of certainty. Alternatively, a deterministic approach can be used to assess mass balance and plume stability. In this approach, the physical, chemical, and biological attenuation processes are used to assess contaminant loading and attenuation. The deterministic approach has the advantage that, when sufficient hydrologic, geochemical, and microbiological data are available, it is possible to project how a system will respond to contaminant removal actions or enhancements of natural attenuation processes. The ''black box'' of the plume is taken apart, quantified, and put back together again. The disadvantage of the deterministic approach is that it is difficult to measure all or most of the relevant hydrologic, geochemical, and biological parameters with any certainty. Case studies over the past decade demonstrate that empirical and deterministic approaches to MNA/EA are not mutually exclusive. These studies document that improved decision support and efficiency result by combining these methods based on the individual challenges presented by a given site. Whenever possible, the empirical approach is used to quantify mass loading and attenuation capacity (mass of contaminant/unit time) at particular sites. This is the most effective way to demonstrate the efficiency of ongoing natural attenuation processes in accordance with current regulatory guidance. But in addition, the monitoring well networks needed to apply the empirical approach can also yield estimates of the hydrologic, geochemical, and biological parameters needed to apply deterministic models. These models can then be used to estimate how contaminant behavior will change over time, as contaminant mass is removed, or if attenuation mechanisms are enhanced by engineering methods. The dual use of these empirical and deterministic approaches can help integrate the use of MNA and EA for overall site remediation.
Book Synopsis Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents - Moving Beyond Reuctive Dechlorination by :
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents - Moving Beyond Reuctive Dechlorination written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitored natural attenuation (MNA), while a remedy of choice for many sites, can be challenging when the contaminants are chlorinated solvents. Even with many high quality technical guidance references available there continue to be challenges implementing MNA at some chlorinated solvent sites. The U.S. Department of Energy, as one organization facing such challenges, is leading a project that will incorporate developing concepts and tools into the existing toolbox for selecting and implementing MNA as a remediation option at sites with chlorinated solvents contamination. The structure and goals of this project were introduced in an article in the Winter 2004 issue of Remediation (Sink et al.). This article is a summary of the three technical areas being developed through the project: mass balance, enhanced attenuation, and characterization and monitoring supporting the first two areas. These topics will be documented in separate reports available from the US Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information at www.osti.gov.
Book Synopsis Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents by : Daniel F. Pope
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents written by Daniel F. Pope and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents by : Mary Joann Thurman
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents written by Mary Joann Thurman and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capstone objectives are: 1) Analyze the potential for monitored natural attenuation to achieve the site-specific risk-based clean up goals for 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (TCA) and 1,1-Dichloroethene(1,1-DCE). One expected degradation pathway for TCA is: TCA U+2026.. 1,1-DCEU+2026U+2026..Vinyl ChlorideU+2026..CO2. 2) Compare the cost difference between Monitored Natural Attenuation and Traditional Pump-and-treat remediation strategies.
Book Synopsis ADVANCING THE SCIENCE OF NATURAL AND ENHANCED ATTENUATION FOR CHLORINATED SOLVENTS. by : B. Looney
Download or read book ADVANCING THE SCIENCE OF NATURAL AND ENHANCED ATTENUATION FOR CHLORINATED SOLVENTS. written by B. Looney and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes the results of a three-year program that addressed key scientific and technical aspects related to natural and enhanced attenuation of chlorinated organics. The results from this coordinated three-year program support a variety of technical and regulatory advancements. Scientists, regulators, engineers, end-users and stakeholders participated in the program, which was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC). The overarching objective of the effort was to examine environmental remedies that are based on natural processes--remedies such as Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) or Enhanced Attenuation (EA). A key result of the recent effort was the general affirmation of the approaches and guidance in the original U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) chlorinated solvent MNA protocols and directives from 1998 and 1999, respectively. The research program did identify several specific opportunities for advances based on: (1) mass balance as the central framework for attenuation based remedies, (2) scientific advancements and achievements during the past ten years, (3) regulatory and policy development and real-world experience using MNA, and (4) exploration of various ideas for integrating attenuation remedies into a systematic set of ''combined remedies'' for contaminated sites. These opportunities are summarized herein and are addressed in more detail in referenced project documents and journal articles, as well as in the technical and regulatory documents being developed within the ITRC. Natural attenuation processes occur in all soil and groundwater systems and act, to varying degrees, on all contaminants. Thus, a decision to rely on natural attenuation processes as part of a site-remediation strategy does not depend on the occurrence of natural attenuation, but on its effectiveness in meeting site-specific remediation goals. Meeting these goals typically requires low risk, plume stability, and documentation of accepted and sustainable attenuation processes. Plume stability and sustainability depend on the balance between contaminant loading into the plume and contaminant attenuation within the plume. This ''mass balance'' is a simple and powerful idea that developed into the central framework for all aspects of the DOE MNA/EA program. The centrality of mass balance has been advocated by Chapelle and others (e.g., 1995) for several years, and the concepts proved to be critical to conceptualizing natural attenuation remedies, designing enhancements, developing characterization and monitoring strategies, and developing regulatory decision frameworks that encourage broader use of MNA/EA with clarified technical responsibility.
Book Synopsis Testi lessicali monolingui della biblioteca L. 2769 by :
Download or read book Testi lessicali monolingui della biblioteca L. 2769 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Summary Of Identification Of Rrgulatory Acceptability Of Enhanced Attenuation Categories by : K. Vangelas
Download or read book Summary Of Identification Of Rrgulatory Acceptability Of Enhanced Attenuation Categories written by K. Vangelas and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chlorinated solvents once introduced to the subsurface are a persistent contaminant. Though many types of active treatments have been developed and deployed to treat contaminated sites, most sites will ultimately incorporate the use of passive treatments into the remediation process. A process favored by many is the use of Monitored Natural Attenuation that relies on the natural attenuation processes occurring within the system to remediate the contaminants. However, it is likely there will be instances where the natural attenuation processes will be insufficient to reduce the level of contamination to acceptable levels in an acceptable span of time. Rather than redeploying source treatments, the Department of Energy along with the Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC) are developing the concept of Enhanced Attenuation (EA). An enhancement is any type of intervention that might be implemented in a source-plume system that increases the magnitude of attenuation by natural processes beyond that which occurs without intervention. Enhanced Attenuation is the result of applying an enhancement or intervention technique that will sustainably manipulate a natural attenuation process leading to an increased reduction in mass flux of contaminants. Efforts are moving forward along several fronts in developing this concept. This effort is a follow-on to initial discussions with site owners, regulators and stakeholder organizations in the development of the concepts of Enhanced Attenuation, the use of mass balance to evaluate the stability of a waste site/groundwater plume, and identification of tools that will support characterization and monitoring efforts for MNA and EA treatments. Those discussions are documented in the report titled ''Summary Document of Workshops for Hanford, Oak Ridge and Savannah River Site as part of the Monitored Natural Attenuation and Enhanced Passive Remediation for Chlorinated Solvents-DOE Alternative Project for Technology Acceleration'' (WSRC, 2003). The objective of this report is to document the May 12th, 2005 deliberations of the ITRC Enhanced Attenuation: Chlorinated Organics team. The purpose of these deliberations was to identify issues related to regulatory acceptability of the different categories of processes/technologies that may be considered enhancements.
Book Synopsis Characterization And Monitoring Of Natural Attenuation Of Chlorinated Solvents In Ground Water by :
Download or read book Characterization And Monitoring Of Natural Attenuation Of Chlorinated Solvents In Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Application of a Methodology to Evaluate Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents Using Conceptual and Numerical Models by : Jaime A. Graulau-Santiago
Download or read book Development and Application of a Methodology to Evaluate Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents Using Conceptual and Numerical Models written by Jaime A. Graulau-Santiago and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Field-Scale Evaluation of Monitored Natural Attenuation for Dissolved Chlorinated Solvent Plumes by :
Download or read book Field-Scale Evaluation of Monitored Natural Attenuation for Dissolved Chlorinated Solvent Plumes written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The methodology, case-study examples, and recommendations described in this report are intended to provide restoration program managers, their support staff, and the regulatory community with descriptions of methods and tools that can be used to advance the state-of-practice for monitoring and documenting the long-term sustainability of monitored natural attenuation (MNA)-based remedies for chlorinated solvent-impacted groundwater. Specifically, this report 1) presents a strategy and framework for quantitatively assessing the sustainability of MNA-based remedies for groundwater at chlorinated solvent-impacted sites, 2) provides case-study reviews using existing long-term monitoring (LTM) data sets from multiple United States Air Force sites where chlorinated solvents exceed closure criteria, and 3) summarizes observations and recommendations that were developed when working through the case-study examples.
Book Synopsis Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents Performance and Cost Results from Multiple Air Force Demonstration Sites by :
Download or read book Natural Attenuation of Chlorinated Solvents Performance and Cost Results from Multiple Air Force Demonstration Sites written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical memorandum summarizes the results of natural attenuation treatability studies (TSs) conducted at 14 United States (US) Air Force sites in the Continental US. In June 1993, the Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence, Technology Transfer Division (AFCEE/ERT), in cooperation with the US Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, and Parsons Engineering Science, Inc. (Parsons ES), began a major initiative to evaluate the effectiveness of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) for remediation of groundwater contaminated with organic compounds.
Book Synopsis Extending the Monitored Natural Attenuation Toolbox for Chlorinated Solvents by :
Download or read book Extending the Monitored Natural Attenuation Toolbox for Chlorinated Solvents written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
