Automobile Pollution Control In Brazil

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Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil

Author : Claudio Ferraz
Publisher : IIED
ISBN 13 : 1843693070
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (436 download)

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Book Synopsis Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil by : Claudio Ferraz

Download or read book Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil written by Claudio Ferraz and published by IIED. This book was released on 2013 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution concentrations have been rapidly increasing in the major urban areas of Brazil caused mainly by the increasing use of vehicles. In the presence of this negative externality, environmental regulation is required. Car emission control policies in Brazil have relied basically on mandatory emission standards and subsidies for specific cleaner technology resulting in substantial decrease of car emission rates. Nevertheless, car sale taxes, differentiated by vehicles' size and fuel, have also influenced car emission patterns. This paper analyzes the compliance trend of the Brazilian fleet with environmental standards between 1992 and 1997. We find that larger automobiles had the fastest compliance schedule while popular models adjusted very slowly. Also gasoline-fueled models had a faster adjustment pattern than ethanol cars. Additionally, we analyze the current relationship between pollution emissions and car characteristics in order to orient policy formulation. We find a positive relationship between emissions rates and horse power, concluding that although the current value added-sale car tax is not environmental harmful, a tax differentiating clean from dirty models, within each tax bracket, could create substantial incentives for emission control in the future.

Biofuels

Author : Krzysztof Biernat
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535121774
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuels by : Krzysztof Biernat

Download or read book Biofuels written by Krzysztof Biernat and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-09-30 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The edited volume presents the progress of first and second generation biofuel production technology in selected countries. Possibility of producing alternative fuels containing biocomponents and selected research methods of biofuels exploitation characteristics (also aviation fuels) was characterized. The book shows also some aspects of the environmental impact of the production and biofuels using, and describes perspectives of biofuel production technology development. It provides the review of biorefinery processes with a particular focus on pretreatment methods of selected primary and secondary raw materials. The discussion includes also a possibility of sustainable development of presented advanced biorefinery processes.

Energy Transition in Brazil

Author : Drielli Peyerl
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031210336
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Transition in Brazil by : Drielli Peyerl

Download or read book Energy Transition in Brazil written by Drielli Peyerl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-16 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book's objective is to present the energy transition process in Brazil over time and offer new perspectives on this process in the eyes of a sustainable future. The book unfolds over 15 chapters covering historical, geopolitical, technological, and economical aspects, as well as aspects conceptually familiar to the energy transition such as public perception, low-carbon technologies, digitalization, Sustainable Development Goals, and even recent topics such as the pandemic of COVID-19. The Brazilian electricity and transport sectors and climate change governance are the main focus of this book. The paths taken throughout this book demonstrate the particularities of Brazil and present this country in a unique and differentiated way in terms of the various approaches to the energy transition. It is a book that brings a multidisciplinary, innovative vision and information published for the first time.

Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles

Author : Asif Faiz
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821334447
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles by : Asif Faiz

Download or read book Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles written by Asif Faiz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions by Surhid Gautam and Lit-Mian Chan. This book presents a state-of-the art review of vehicle emission standards and regulations and provides a synthesis of worldwide experience with vehicle emission control technologies and their applications in both industrial and developing countries. Topics covered include: * The two principal international systems of vehicle emission standards: those of North America and Europe * Test procedures used to verify compliance with emissions standards and to estimate actual emissions * Engine and aftertreatment technologies that have been developed to enable new vehicles to comply with emission standards, as well as the cost and other impacts of these technologies * An evaluation of measures for controlling emissions from in-use vehicles * The role of fuels in reducing vehicle emissions, the benefits that could be gained by reformulating conventional gasoline and diesel fuels, the potential benefits of alternative cleaner fuels, and the prospects for using hydrogen and electric power to run motor vehicles with ultra-low or zero emissions. This book is the first in a series of publications on vehicle-related pollution and control measures prepared by the World Bank in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme to underpin the Bank's overall objective of promoting transport that is environmentally sustainable and least damaging to human health and welfare.

Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control

Author : A. Crucq
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080960642
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control by : A. Crucq

Download or read book Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control written by A. Crucq and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1987-04-01 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In June 1984 the EEC Commission proposed new standards of permissible exhaust gas from motor vehicles to be introduced in Europe; these standards were approved by the Ministers of the Environment one year later. As the control of automotive pollution is at present mainly a catalytic problem, it was decided to hold an International Symposium on the subject, and an organizing committee composed of people engaged in catalytic research in the different Belgian Universities was constituted. This was the first Symposium of its kind to be held on an international level, and the quality and scientific interest of the papers presented was exceptional. It is planned to hold a follow-up Symposium in 2 to 3 years' time.The first part of the book is a general introduction to the problem of automotive pollution. The second, properly catalytic, part is devoted to fundamental and applied studies on pollution control, with emphasis on exhaust catalytic converters.

Urban Aerosols and Their Impacts

Author : Jeffrey S. Gaffney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Aerosols and Their Impacts by : Jeffrey S. Gaffney

Download or read book Urban Aerosols and Their Impacts written by Jeffrey S. Gaffney and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban aerosols have been identified as important species of concern due to their potential health and environmental impacts. This symposium series book will describe the basic chemistry and physics determining the impacts of aerosol species and will highlight the research results from the measurements that were taken following the collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) on 9/11/01. The WTC tragedy led to the release of millions of pounds of debris aside from the structural steel, part of which was widely dissipated as aerosols and particulates in the debris cloud over lower Manhattan. Additionally, continuing fires under the debris led to the release of fine combustion related aerosols for a considerable time period in this urban environment. Held during the week of the second anniversary of the WTC tragedy in NYC, the symposium book will describe various aspects of the event, aerosol and gas exposures, and the related impacts of these aerosols. The book contributions will highlight efforts work from atmospheric chemists, meteorologists, health workers, and biologists for a timely compilation of what is known and not known about the composition and transport of tropospheric aerosols in urban environs, particularly those from the WTC collapse. Particular interest is in the acute and chronic environmental effects of these aerosols as they impact human health. Chapters included in the book will also address aerosol lifetimes, aerosol transport and removal processes, acute and chronic health effects to fine aerosol and particulate exposures, and the environmental impacts of aerosols.

World Bank Approaches to the Environment in Brazil: Pollution control in São Paulo

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis World Bank Approaches to the Environment in Brazil: Pollution control in São Paulo by :

Download or read book World Bank Approaches to the Environment in Brazil: Pollution control in São Paulo written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmental Regulations and Innovation in Advanced Automobile Technologies

Author : Ashish Bharadwaj
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811069522
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Regulations and Innovation in Advanced Automobile Technologies by : Ashish Bharadwaj

Download or read book Environmental Regulations and Innovation in Advanced Automobile Technologies written by Ashish Bharadwaj and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-24 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines innovation in environment-friendly technologies in the automobile industry. The focus of the book are Germany (a technology leader in the global automobile industry), on the one hand, and India, China and Brazil (technologically proficient emerging technology leaders) on the other hand. Patents have been used as a metric to measure and understand innovation. The book traces the evolution of regulatory standards in the automobile industry, relies on a unique patent dataset, and draws on a number of interviews conducted with regulators and engineers to get a better picture of how environmental policies and standards, including emission norms and fuel requirements, have developed overtime and now the industry has responded. The book’s core argument is that technological innovation is what has driven the industry in the past 125 years, but, at the same time, the industry has created problems and faced controversies with regard to its path dependency on carbon-intensive technologies. As a result, we have witnessed growing role of environmental regulators in ensuring that the growth path of the automobile industry, a powerhouse of growth of several economies, is aligned with the larger goals of addressing climate change and energy concerns. Against the backdrop of the emergence of Brazil, China and India in the global economy, the book focuses on the developments in these three countries, and draws parallels with Germany, which benefited from first mover advantage in technology and a substantial head-start in implementing cogent environmental policies. A standardized International Patent Classification (IPC) system has been used to, first, construct an index of regulatory stringency, based on regulations that came about between 1985 and 2010; and second, construct a unique cross-country weighted patent dataset for technologies invented in the past two and a half decades.

Vehicular Air Pollution

Author : Bekir Onursal
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821340165
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Vehicular Air Pollution by : Bekir Onursal

Download or read book Vehicular Air Pollution written by Bekir Onursal and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much is expected of private financing to help meet the infrastructure requirements of the rapidly growing East Asian economies. Although private financing grew briskly during the 1990s, it represents only a small share of all infrastructure investment in the region (between 12 and 18 percent). This monograph draws on experience in a number of countries in East Asia, as well as Australia, Chile, and India, to analyze the impediments to and prospects for private financing of infrastructure. The chapters discuss the choices available to policymakers and the strategies that governments have followed. An overview chapter describes recent trends in international financing of infrastructure projects in the region, discusses the key policy and institutional impediments to greater private participation, and assesses the role of domestic capital markets and finance. It also outlines a national and regional strategy for stimulating private investment in infrastructure. The case studies from countries outside East Asia illustrate the payoffs of increased integration and concerted moves toward private provision of infrastructure.

Air and Noise Pollution Abatement Services: An Examination of U.S. and Foreign Markets, Inv. 332-461

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1457819937
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (578 download)

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Book Synopsis Air and Noise Pollution Abatement Services: An Examination of U.S. and Foreign Markets, Inv. 332-461 by :

Download or read book Air and Noise Pollution Abatement Services: An Examination of U.S. and Foreign Markets, Inv. 332-461 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Doing Business in Brazil

Author : Pinheiro Neto - Advogados
Publisher : Juris Publishing, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1578231450
Total Pages : 1506 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (782 download)

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Book Synopsis Doing Business in Brazil by : Pinheiro Neto - Advogados

Download or read book Doing Business in Brazil written by Pinheiro Neto - Advogados and published by Juris Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 1506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides a comprehensive and detailed examination of all relevant legislation and practice in Brazil that affects business and investment. Doing Business in Brazil offers a wide-ranging analysis and commentary on Brazilian business laws as well as a detailed description of the Brazilian government, legislature and judiciary. Appendices provide all important legislation, regulations, and decrees (most translated into English) that impact on business and investment in Brazil. Topical Coverage Includes: Business OrganizationsForeign Investment RegulationImport-Export ControlContractsBankruptcy and InsolvencyPropertyAdministrative LawTaxationSocial and Labor LawIntellectual and Industrial PropertyFinancial InstitutionsInsuranceLicensing AgreementsTrade Regulations and AntitrustInformatics Law Value Package

Transportation Statistics Annual Report

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Transportation Statistics Annual Report by :

Download or read book Transportation Statistics Annual Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment

Author : Mohammad Saad Alam
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000393046
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment by : Mohammad Saad Alam

Download or read book Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment written by Mohammad Saad Alam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-08-19 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric Vehicle Integration in a Smart Microgrid Environment The growing demand for energy in today’s world, especially in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, has been met with massive exploitation of fossil fuels, resulting in an increase in environmental pollutants. In order to mitigate the issues arising from conventional internal combustion engine-powered vehicles, there has been a considerable acceleration in the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Research has shown that the impact of fossil fuel use in transportation and surging demand in power owing to the growing EV charging infrastructure can potentially be minimalized by smart microgrids. As EVs find wider acceptance with major advancements in high efficiency drivetrain and vehicle design, it has become clear that there is a need for a system-level understanding of energy storage and management in a microgrid environment. Practical issues, such as fleet management, coordinated operation, repurposing of batteries, and environmental impact of recycling and disposal, need to be carefully studied in the context of an ageing grid infrastructure. This book explores such a perspective with contributions from leading experts on planning, analysis, optimization, and management of electrified transportation and the transportation infrastructure. The primary purpose of this book is to capture state-of-the-art development in smart microgrid management with EV integration and their applications. It also aims to identify potential research directions and technologies that will facilitate insight generation in various domains, from smart homes to smart cities, and within industry, business, and consumer applications. We expect the book to serve as a reference for a larger audience, including power system architects, practitioners, developers, new researchers, and graduate-level students, especially for emerging clean energy and transportation electrification sectors in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.

Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis by :

Download or read book Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Greening Brazil

Author : Kathryn Hochstetler
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822390590
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Greening Brazil by : Kathryn Hochstetler

Download or read book Greening Brazil written by Kathryn Hochstetler and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-29 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greening Brazil challenges the claim that environmentalism came to Brazil from abroad. Two political scientists, Kathryn Hochstetler and Margaret E. Keck, retell the story of environmentalism in Brazil from the inside out, analyzing the extensive efforts within the country to save its natural environment, and the interplay of those efforts with transnational environmentalism. The authors trace Brazil’s complex environmental politics as they have unfolded over time, from their mid-twentieth-century conservationist beginnings to the contemporary development of a distinctive socio-environmentalism meant to address ecological destruction and social injustice simultaneously. Hochstetler and Keck argue that explanations of Brazilian environmentalism—and environmentalism in the global South generally—must take into account the way that domestic political processes shape environmental reform efforts. The authors present a multilevel analysis encompassing institutions and individuals within the government—at national, state, and local levels—as well as the activists, interest groups, and nongovernmental organizations that operate outside formal political channels. They emphasize the importance of networks linking committed actors in the government bureaucracy with activists in civil society. Portraying a gradual process marked by periods of rapid advance, Hochstetler and Keck show how political opportunities have arisen from major political transformations such as the transition to democracy and from critical events, including the well-publicized murders of environmental activists in 1988 and 2004. Rather than view foreign governments and organizations as the instigators of environmental policy change in Brazil, the authors point to their importance at key moments as sources of leverage and support.

Index to Foreign Production and Commercial Reports

Author : United States. Bureau of International Commerce
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Index to Foreign Production and Commercial Reports by : United States. Bureau of International Commerce

Download or read book Index to Foreign Production and Commercial Reports written by United States. Bureau of International Commerce and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dispute Settlement Reports 2019: Volume 2, Pages 343 to 1098

Author : World Trade Organization
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108998046
Total Pages : 762 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispute Settlement Reports 2019: Volume 2, Pages 343 to 1098 by : World Trade Organization

Download or read book Dispute Settlement Reports 2019: Volume 2, Pages 343 to 1098 written by World Trade Organization and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-22 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are the WTO's authorized and paginated reports in English. They are an essential addition to the library of all practising trade lawyers and a useful tool for students and academics worldwide working in the field of international economic or trade law. DSR 2019: Volume II contains the panel report on 'Brazil - Certain Measures Concerning Taxation and Charges' (WT/DS472, WT/DS497).