Aristotle On Teleology

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Aristotle on Teleology

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Author : Monte Ransome Johnson
Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 0191536504
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

Book Synopsis Aristotle on Teleology by : Monte Ransome Johnson

Download or read book Aristotle on Teleology written by Monte Ransome Johnson and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2005-11-03 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monte Johnson examines one of the most controversial aspects of Aristiotle's natural philosophy: his teleology. Is teleology about causation or explanation? Does it exclude or obviate mechanism, determinism, or materialism? Is it focused on the good of individual organisms, or is god or man the ultimate end of all processes and entities? Is teleology restricted to living things, or does it apply to the cosmos as a whole? Does it identify objectively existent causes in the world, or is it merely a heuristic for our understanding of other causal processes? Johnson argues that Aristotle's aporetic approach drives a middle course between these traditional oppositions, and avoids the dilemma, frequently urged against teleology, between backwards causation and anthropomorphism. Although these issues have been debated with extraordinary depth by Aristotle scholars, and touched upon by many in the wider philosophical and scientific community as well, there has been no comprehensive historical treatment of the issue. Aristotle is commonly considered the inventor of teleology, although the precise term originated in the eighteenth century. But if teleology means the use of ends and goals in natural science, then Aristotle was rather a critical innovator of teleological explanation. Teleological notions were widespread among his predecessors, but Aristotle rejected their conception of extrinsic causes such as mind or god as the primary causes for natural things. Aristotle's radical alternative was to assert nature itself as an internal principle of change and an end, and his teleological explanations focus on the intrinsic ends of natural substances - those ends that benefit the natural thing itself. Aristotle's use of ends was subsequently conflated with incompatible 'teleological' notions, including proofs for the existence of a providential or designer god, vitalism and animism, opposition to mechanism and non-teleological causation, and anthropocentrism. Johnson addresses these misconceptions through an elaboration of Aristotle's methodological statements, as well as an examination of the explanations actually offered in the scientific works.

Explanation and Teleology in Aristotle's Science of Nature

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Author : Mariska Leunissen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139490419
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

Book Synopsis Explanation and Teleology in Aristotle's Science of Nature by : Mariska Leunissen

Download or read book Explanation and Teleology in Aristotle's Science of Nature written by Mariska Leunissen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Aristotle's teleological view of the world, natural things come to be and are present for the sake of some function or end (for example, wings are present in birds for the sake of flying). Whereas much of recent scholarship has focused on uncovering the (meta-)physical underpinnings of Aristotle's teleology and its contrasts with his notions of chance and necessity, this book examines Aristotle's use of the theory of natural teleology in producing explanations of natural phenomena. Close analyses of Aristotle's natural treatises and his Posterior Analytics show what methods are used for the discovery of functions or ends that figure in teleological explanations, how these explanations are structured, and how well they work in making sense of phenomena. The book will be valuable for all who are interested in Aristotle's natural science, his philosophy of science, and his biology.

Teleology, First Principles, and Scientific Method in Aristotle's Biology

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Author : Allan Gotthelf
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191629162
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

Book Synopsis Teleology, First Principles, and Scientific Method in Aristotle's Biology by : Allan Gotthelf

Download or read book Teleology, First Principles, and Scientific Method in Aristotle's Biology written by Allan Gotthelf and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents an interconnected set of sixteen essays, four of which are previously unpublished, by Allan Gotthelf—one of the leading experts in the study of Aristotle's biological writings. Gotthelf addresses three main topics across Aristotle's three main biological treatises. Starting with his own ground-breaking study of Aristotle's natural teleology and its illuminating relationship with the Generation of Animals, Gotthelf proceeds to the axiomatic structure of biological explanation (and the first principles such explanation proceeds from) in the Parts of Animals. After an exploration of the implications of these two treatises for our understanding of Aristotle's metaphysics, Gotthelf examines important aspects of the method by which Aristotle organizes his data in the History of Animals to make possible such a systematic, explanatory study of animals, offering a new view of the place of classification in that enterprise. In a concluding section on 'Aristotle as Theoretical Biologist', Gotthelf explores the basis of Charles Darwin's great praise of Aristotle and, in the first printing of a lecture delivered worldwide, provides an overview of Aristotle as a philosophically-oriented scientist, and 'a proper verdict' on his greatness as scientist.

Teleology

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Author : Jeffrey K. McDonough
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190845732
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

Book Synopsis Teleology by : Jeffrey K. McDonough

Download or read book Teleology written by Jeffrey K. McDonough and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-08 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teleology is the belief that some things happen, or exist for the sake of other things. It is the belief that, for example, salmon swim upstream in order to spawn, and that bears have claws for the sake of catching fish. This volume takes up the intuitive yet puzzling concept of teleology as it has been treated by philosophers from ancient times to the present day. It includes nine main chapters centered on the treatment of teleology in Plato, Aristotle, the Islamic medieval tradition, the Jewish medieval tradition, the Latin medieval tradition, the early modern era, Kant, Hegel, and contemporary philosophy. Each chapter probes central questions such as: is teleology inherent in its subjects or is it imposed on them from the outside? Does teleology necessarily involve intentionality, that is, a subject's cognizing some end, goal, or purpose? What is the scope of teleology? Is it, for example, applicable to elements and animals, or only to rational beings? Finally, is teleology explanatory? When we say that salmon swim upstream in order to spawn, have we explained why they swim upstream? When we say that bears have claws for catching fish, have we explained why bears have claws? The philosophical discussions of the main chapters are enlivened and contextualized by four reflection pieces exploring the implications of teleology in medicine, art, poetry, and music.

Theory and Practice in Aristotle's Natural Science

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Author : David Ebrey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110705513X
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

Book Synopsis Theory and Practice in Aristotle's Natural Science by : David Ebrey

Download or read book Theory and Practice in Aristotle's Natural Science written by David Ebrey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-11 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of groundbreaking new essays show how Aristotle's natural science illuminates fundamental topics in his philosophy.

Being, Nature, and Life in Aristotle

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Author : James G. Lennox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780521768849
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (688 download)

Book Synopsis Being, Nature, and Life in Aristotle by : James G. Lennox

Download or read book Being, Nature, and Life in Aristotle written by James G. Lennox and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Plato's Natural Philosophy

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Author : Thomas Kjeller Johansen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107320119
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

Book Synopsis Plato's Natural Philosophy by : Thomas Kjeller Johansen

Download or read book Plato's Natural Philosophy written by Thomas Kjeller Johansen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plato's dialogue the Timaeus-Critias presents two connected accounts, that of the story of Atlantis and its defeat by ancient Athens and that of the creation of the cosmos by a divine craftsman. This book offers a unified reading of the dialogue. It tackles a wide range of interpretative and philosophical issues. Topics discussed include the function of the famous Atlantis story, the notion of cosmology as 'myth' and as 'likely', and the role of God in Platonic cosmology. Other areas commented upon are Plato's concepts of 'necessity' and 'teleology', the nature of the 'receptacle', the relationship between the soul and the body, the use of perception in cosmology, and the work's peculiar monologue form. The unifying theme is teleology: Plato's attempt to show the cosmos to be organised for the good. A central lesson which emerges is that the Timaeus is closer to Aristotle's physics than previously thought.

Aristotle's Ontology of Change

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Author : Mark Sentesy
Publisher : Northwestern University Press
ISBN 13 : 0810141906
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

Book Synopsis Aristotle's Ontology of Change by : Mark Sentesy

Download or read book Aristotle's Ontology of Change written by Mark Sentesy and published by Northwestern University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates what change is, according to Aristotle, and how it affects his conception of being. Mark Sentesy argues that the analysis of change leads Aristotle to develop first-order metaphysical concepts such as matter, potency, actuality, sources of being, epigenesis, and teleology. He shows that Aristotle’s distinctive ontological claim—that being is inescapably diverse in kind—is anchored in his argument for the existence of change. Aristotle may be the only thinker to propose a noncircular definition of change. With his landmark argument that change did, in fact, exist, Aristotle challenged established assumptions about what it is and developed a set of conceptual frameworks that continue to provide insight into the nature of reality. This groundbreaking work on change, however, has long been interpreted through a Platonist view of change as unreal. By offering a comprehensive reexamination of Aristotle’s pivotal arguments, and establishing his positive ontological conception of change, Sentesy makes a significant contribution to scholarship on Aristotle, ancient philosophy, the history and philosophy of science, and metaphysics.

Introduction to Aristotle

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Author : Aristotle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780394309736
Total Pages : 667 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

Book Synopsis Introduction to Aristotle by : Aristotle

Download or read book Introduction to Aristotle written by Aristotle and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Introduction to Aristotle is a presentation in which Aristotle is permitted to speak for himself in the context of a sketched scheme of the relation of what he says in one treatise to what he says elsewhere. The seven introductions which precede these seven works place them in their contexts by describing their relations to other works or parts of works, their place in the scheme of the Aristotelian sciences, and the fashion in which the subjects treated in the sciences they expound may be considered in the approaches proper to other sciences in the system. - Preface.

Aristotle's Theory of Actuality

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Author : Z. Bechler
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791422397
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (223 download)

Book Synopsis Aristotle's Theory of Actuality by : Z. Bechler

Download or read book Aristotle's Theory of Actuality written by Z. Bechler and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an attack on Aristotle showing that his misplaced drive toward the consistent application of his actualistic ontology (denying the reality of all potential things) resulted in many of his major theses being essentially vacuous.

Aristotle on Religion

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Author : Mor Segev
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108415253
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

Book Synopsis Aristotle on Religion by : Mor Segev

Download or read book Aristotle on Religion written by Mor Segev and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive account of the socio-political role Aristotle attributes to traditional religion, despite rejecting its content.

Aristotle's Philosophy of Biology

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Author : James G. Lennox
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521659765
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (597 download)

Book Synopsis Aristotle's Philosophy of Biology by : James G. Lennox

Download or read book Aristotle's Philosophy of Biology written by James G. Lennox and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to being one of the world's most influential philosophers, Aristotle can also be credited with the creation of both the science of biology and the philosophy of biology. He was the first thinker to treat the investigations of the living world as a distinct inquiry with its own special concepts and principles. This book focuses on a seminal event in the history of biology - Aristotle's delineation of a special branch of theoretical knowledge devoted to the systematic investigation of animals. Aristotle approached the creation of zoology with the tools of subtle and systematic philosophies of nature and of science that were then carefully tailored to the investigation of animals. The papers collected in this 2001 volume, written by a pre-eminent figure in the field of Aristotle's philosophy and biology, examine Aristotle's approach to biological inquiry and explanation, his concepts of matter, form and kind, and his teleology.

Aristotle on Matter, Form, and Moving Causes

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Author : Devin Henry
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108475574
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

Book Synopsis Aristotle on Matter, Form, and Moving Causes by : Devin Henry

Download or read book Aristotle on Matter, Form, and Moving Causes written by Devin Henry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-05 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines Aristotle's doctrine of hylomorphism and its importance for understanding the process by which substances come into being.

The Theoretic Life - A Classical Ideal and its Modern Fate

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Author : Alexander S. Rosenthal-Pubul
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030022811
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

Book Synopsis The Theoretic Life - A Classical Ideal and its Modern Fate by : Alexander S. Rosenthal-Pubul

Download or read book The Theoretic Life - A Classical Ideal and its Modern Fate written by Alexander S. Rosenthal-Pubul and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Alexander Rosenthal Pubul presents a broad examination of the ancient philosophical question: “What is the good life?”, while addressing how the liberal arts can help us to answer this question. Greek philosophy distinguished between the “noble” (what is good in itself), from the merely “useful” (good for something else). From thence follows the distinction between the liberal arts which pursue such noble goods and the mechanical arts which are only instrumental. For Aristotle, the most noble and excellent good is wisdom itself. Hence the theoretic life devoted to the love of wisdom for its own sake –philosophy - is the highest and the most excellent. This work theorizes the origins of modernity in a rebellion against this Greek conception resulting in a complete inversion of the classical hierarchy. Sir. Francis Bacon reconceiving the purpose of knowledge as power, enthroned technology over philosophy and the liberal arts. The unfolding of the modern Baconian revolution progressively sidelines the liberal arts, as practical economic and technical utility become the standard of value. In assessing this problem, the book engages in a capacious journey across disciplines like philosophy, history, art, politics, and science. It is also a veritable tour across the Western intellectual tradition including Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Seneca, Thomas Aquinas, Bacon, Descartes, Hume, Kant, Nietzsche, Dewey, Berdyaev, Einstein, and Heidegger. It pleads the urgent need to preserve the humanizing cultural ideals of the ancient classics against the modern tyranny of utility and the dangers of a new barbarism.

Philosophical Issues in Aristotle's Biology

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Author : Allan Gotthelf
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521310918
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

Book Synopsis Philosophical Issues in Aristotle's Biology by : Allan Gotthelf

Download or read book Philosophical Issues in Aristotle's Biology written by Allan Gotthelf and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-10-22 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of biology and philosophy is followed by three sections on individual issues definition and demonstration, teleology and necessity in nature, and metaphysical themes.

Evil in Aristotle

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Author : Pavlos Kontos
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107161975
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

Book Synopsis Evil in Aristotle by : Pavlos Kontos

Download or read book Evil in Aristotle written by Pavlos Kontos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the first full study of Aristotle's notion of evil and sheds light on its content, potential, and influence.

Aristotle's Physics

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Author : Mariska Leunissen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110703146X
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

Book Synopsis Aristotle's Physics by : Mariska Leunissen

Download or read book Aristotle's Physics written by Mariska Leunissen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-27 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides cutting-edge research on Aristotle's Physics, taking into account recent changes in the field of Aristotle.