Angst of Adolescence

Download Angst of Adolescence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351862375
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Angst of Adolescence by : Sara Villanueva

Download or read book Angst of Adolescence written by Sara Villanueva and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Being a good parent is one of the most difficult, yet most rewarding, jobs a person can have in his or her lifetime. Being the parent of a teen is an especially daunting phase of the journey. As parents begin to notice the significant changes that come with adolescence (physical changes brought about by puberty, the constant angst and moodiness, and of course the classic eye-rolling and the I-know-it-all attitude), they wonder just what happened to their happy, sweet, and affectionate young boy or girl. Parents sit by amazed--and often lost and unprepared--as they witness their child morph and mutate into a full-blown pubescent display of emotions. The Angst of Adolescence: How to Parent Your Teen and Live to Laugh About It, written in a conversational, informative, humorous and relatable style, promises to deliver trustworthy resource for parents of teens who are searching for answers and guidance about how to maneuver their way through this tricky developmental period. Dr. Sara Villanueva, a prominent psychologist specializing in the adolescent years, shares relevant research findings so that parents can be informed of the facts as opposed to making assumptions based on ubiquitous but questionable sources. Most of all it will provide parents of teenagers with perspective in the midst of angst so they can come away with the sense that: * They are not alone in their experience of raising teens; many, many people have gone through it and we can all relate to and learn from one another. * Most of what your teen is feeling and expressing is normal and falls within the expected range of behavior for adolescent development. * Despite the challenges involved in parenting teens, we should take time to focus on the positive things in life and live with our child through the tough adolescent years so that we emerge on the other side with friendship and a deeper bond. As a psychologist and mother of four, the author shares both research-based and first-hand advice on how to navigate the teen years and live to laugh about it.

Teen Angst? Naaah . . .

Download Teen Angst? Naaah . . . PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Delacorte Press
ISBN 13 : 0307815544
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (78 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Teen Angst? Naaah . . . by : Ned Vizzini

Download or read book Teen Angst? Naaah . . . written by Ned Vizzini and published by Delacorte Press. This book was released on 2012-02-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Teen Angst! Naaah . . . Ned Vizzini offers an authentic and raw portrayal of the crushing anxiety many teens experience, and which often is dismissed as simple ‘angst’. In this classic testament to high school, Ned invites you into his world of school, parents, cool (and almost cool), music (the good and bad), friends, fame, camp, sex (sort of), Cancún (almost), prom, beer, video games, and more. With wit, irony, and honesty, Vizzini presents the weird, funny, and sometimes mortifying moments that made up his teen years. From the author of Broadway musical sensation Be More Chill and It's Kind of a Funny Story, this is a quasi-autobiographical examination of one high schooler’s battle with social anxiety, written when the author was just nineteen. “Fiercely intelligent and introspective . . . Insightful, and thoroughly charming.” —SLJ

The Case Against Adolescence

Download The Case Against Adolescence PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Quill Driver Books
ISBN 13 : 9781884956706
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (567 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Case Against Adolescence by : Robert Epstein

Download or read book The Case Against Adolescence written by Robert Epstein and published by Quill Driver Books. This book was released on 2007 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book argues that adolescence is an unnecessary period of life that people are better off without. Robert Epstein, former editor-in-chief of "Psychology Today," shows that teen turmoil is caused by outmoded systems put into place a century ago which destroyed the continuum between childhood and adulthood. Where this continuum still exists in other countries, there is no adolescence. Isolated from adults, American teens learn everything they know from their media-dominated peers--"the last people on earth they should be learning from," says Epstein. Epstein explains that our teens are highly capable--in some ways more capable than adults--and argues strongly against "infantilizing" young people. We must rediscover "the adult in every teen," he says, by giving young people adult authority and responsibility as soon as they can demonstrate readiness. This landmark book will change the thinking about teens for decades to come.

Overcoming Turbulent Times; Teenage Angst

Download Overcoming Turbulent Times; Teenage Angst PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (776 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Overcoming Turbulent Times; Teenage Angst by : Natalie Tokiwa Decena

Download or read book Overcoming Turbulent Times; Teenage Angst written by Natalie Tokiwa Decena and published by . This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is not easy being a teenager. I don't think it ever was, but in today's world, I believe it is more complicated than ever. There are many challenges that teens face, none of them are simple to work through. Each chapter in this book discusses a different personal struggle that causes much angst in the life of a teen; loneliness, damaging effects of social media, body-image struggles, relationship conflicts, and more. The difficult situations are not insurmountable; there are supports out there. You can overcome anything if you identify the problem, let people in to help you, and believe in yourself. This book will be your guide, your place to connect with to find your way and overcome the turbulent times of teenage angst.

Teen Brain

Download Teen Brain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Macmillan Publishers Aus.
ISBN 13 : 1760786071
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (67 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Teen Brain by : David Gillespie

Download or read book Teen Brain written by David Gillespie and published by Macmillan Publishers Aus.. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With their labile and rapidly developing brains, adolescents are particularly susceptible to addiction, and addiction leads to anxiety and depression. What few parents will know is that what we think of as the most typical addictions and problematic teen behaviours - smoking, drinking, drug taking, sex leading to teenage pregnancy - are on the decline. The bad news is that a whole raft of addictions has taken their place. Whereas once the dopamine-hungry brain of a teenager got its fix from smoking a joint or sculling a Bundy and coke, it is now turning to electronic devices for the pleasure jolt that typically comes from online playing games and engaging with social media. What is doubly troubling is that, unlike drugs, alcohol and cigarettes, electronic devices are not illicit. Quite the contrary. They are liberally distributed by schools and parents, with few restrictions placed on their use. And, to add fuel to the fire, emerging research shows that if addictive pathways are activated during the teen years, they are there for life, and that what starts as a screen addiction can lead to major substance abuse later in life.

The Anxiety Workbook for Teens

Download The Anxiety Workbook for Teens PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : New Harbinger Publications
ISBN 13 : 1684038650
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Anxiety Workbook for Teens by : Lisa M. Schab

Download or read book The Anxiety Workbook for Teens written by Lisa M. Schab and published by New Harbinger Publications. This book was released on 2021-05-01 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From managing social media stress to dealing with pandemics and other events beyond your control, this fully revised and updated edition of The Anxiety Workbook for Teens has the tools you need to put anxiety in its place. In our increasingly uncertain world, there are plenty of reasons for anyone to feel anxious. And as a teen, you’re also dealing with academic stress, social and societal pressures, and massive changes taking place in your body, brain, and emotions. The good news is that there are a lot of effective techniques you can use—both on your own and with the help of a therapist or counselor—to reduce your feelings of anxiety and keep them from taking over your life. Now fully revised and updated, this second edition of The Anxiety Workbook for Teens provides the most up-to-date strategies for calming fear, anxiety, and worry, so you can reach your goals and be your best. You’ll find new skills to help you handle school pressures and social media overload, develop a positive self-image, recognize your anxious thoughts, and stay calm in times of extreme uncertainty. The workbook also includes resources for seeking additional help and support if you need it. While working through the activities in this book, you’ll find tons of ways to help you manage your anxiety. Some of the activities may seem unusual at first. You may be asked to try doing things that are very new to you. Just remember—these are tools, intended for you to carry with you and use over and over throughout your life. The more you practice using them, the better you will become at managing anxiety. If you’re ready to change your life for the better and get your anxiety under control, this workbook can help you start today. In these increasingly challenging times, teens need mental health resources more than ever. With more than 1.6 million copies sold worldwide, Instant Help Books for teens are easy to use, proven-effective, and recommended by therapists.

More Than Moody

Download More Than Moody PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Perigee Trade
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis More Than Moody by : Harold S. Koplewicz

Download or read book More Than Moody written by Harold S. Koplewicz and published by Perigee Trade. This book was released on 2003 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading child and adolescent psychiatrist discusses the growing problem of teenage depression in America, offering helpful guidelines for parents on how to recognize the difference between normal teenage angst and true depression.

The Stranger in Your House

Download The Stranger in Your House PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : David C Cook
ISBN 13 : 0781407907
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (814 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Stranger in Your House by : Gregory L. Jantz

Download or read book The Stranger in Your House written by Gregory L. Jantz and published by David C Cook. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Best-selling author Dr. Gregory L. Jantz offers hope and help for parents of teens. Adolescence is a frightening and complicated time – for teens and parents. Keeping the roller coaster of the teen years on track takes work and wisdom. Many parents simply don’t know where to start. With Dr. Jantz’s help they can stop worrying about the turbulence of adolescence and take action. With included resources, reflection questions, and guidance from a Christian perspective, parents learn how to become a port in the storm for their teenager, discovering the God-designed future and promise that awaits.

Teenagers

Download Teenagers PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Greystone Books
ISBN 13 : 1926685415
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (266 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Teenagers by : David Bainbridge

Download or read book Teenagers written by David Bainbridge and published by Greystone Books. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teenagers reimagines the way people think about adolescents. No longer society's scourge and scapegoat, the teenager emerges from David Bainbridge's fascinating study as an awe-inspiring natural phenomenon that evokes reverence and wonder. Bainbridge, a veterinarian and anatomist, suggests that the second decade is the most important in the human lifecycle. In lively prose, he explains the science behind the changes that occur both on the surface of the teenage body and deep within the teenage brain, from lanky limbs and bad skin to falling in love, sleeping till noon, and the irresistible allure of sex, drugs, and rock‘n’roll. Observed through a scientific lens, these bizarre biological transformations and behavioral anomalies snap into focus, as not only a beautifully choreographed sequence of steps on the path to adulthood, but also as a key evolutionary factor in the success of the species.

A Strong West Wind

Download A Strong West Wind PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 0307430472
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Strong West Wind by : Gail Caldwell

Download or read book A Strong West Wind written by Gail Caldwell and published by Random House. This book was released on 2007-12-18 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this exquisitely rendered memoir set on the high plains of Texas, Pulitzer Prize winner Gail Caldwell transforms into art what it is like to come of age in a particular time and place. A Strong West Wind begins in the 1950s in the wilds of the Texas Panhandle–a place of both boredom and beauty, its flat horizons broken only by oil derricks, grain elevators, and church steeples. Its story belongs to a girl who grew up surrounded by dust storms and cattle ranches and summer lightning, who took refuge from the vastness of the land and the ever-present wind by retreating into books. What she found there, from renegade women to men who lit out for the territory, turned out to offer a blueprint for her own future. Caldwell would grow up to become a writer, but first she would have to fall in love with a man who was every mother’s nightmare, live through the anguish and fire of the Vietnam years, and defy the father she adored, who had served as a master sergeant in the Second World War. A Strong West Wind is a memoir of culture and history–of fathers and daughters, of two world wars and the passionate rebellions of the sixties. But it is also about the mythology of place and the evolution of a sensibility: about how literature can shape and even anticipate a life. Caldwell possesses the extraordinary ability to illuminate the desires, stories, and lives of ordinary people. Written with humanity, urgency, and beautiful restraint, A Strong West Wind is a magical and unforgettable book, destined to become an American classic.

Helping Your Anxious Teen

Download Helping Your Anxious Teen PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : New Harbinger Publications
ISBN 13 : 1626254672
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (262 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Helping Your Anxious Teen by : Sheila Achar Josephs

Download or read book Helping Your Anxious Teen written by Sheila Achar Josephs and published by New Harbinger Publications. This book was released on 2017-01-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "... thoughtful tools for helping young people help themselves." —Library Journal Parenting a teen isn't easy, but parenting an anxious teen is especially challenging. Written by a psychologist and expert on adolescent anxiety, this essential book will show you what really works to overcome all types of teen anxiety and how to apply specific skills to support your teen. Most parents find it frustrating when common sense and logical methods such as reassurance don’t seem to work to allay their teen’s anxiety. They want to know: Why is anxiety so hard to get rid of once it takes hold? Why aren’t my efforts to help working? And how can I best help my teen break free from anxiety to become happy and resilient? This powerful book, based on cutting-edge research and cognitive behavioral strategies, will help you develop the know-how to effectively manage teen anxiety. You’ll learn the best ways to support your teen in overcoming problematic thinking and fears, discover what behaviors and coping strategies unwittingly make anxiety worse, and understand how anxiety is best defeated with surprisingly counterintuitive methods. Step-by-step guidance, along with numerous real-life examples and exercises, will help you to: Sensitively redirect your teen’s worries when they intensify Reduce social anxiety, perfectionism, and panic attacks Proactively address common triggers of stress and anxiety Implement a proven approach for decreasing avoidance and facing fears From overcoming minor angst to defeating paralyzing fear, you and your teen will feel empowered by radically new ways of responding to anxiety. With Helping Your Anxious Teen, you’ll have a wealth of research-backed strategies to lead you in being an effective anxiety coach for your teen.

Untangled

Download Untangled PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ballantine Books
ISBN 13 : 0553393065
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (533 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Untangled by : Lisa Damour, Ph.D.

Download or read book Untangled written by Lisa Damour, Ph.D. and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 2016-02-09 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • An award-winning guide to the sometimes erratic and confusing behavior of teenage girls that explains what’s going on, prepares parents for what’s to come, and lets them know when it’s time to worry. Look for Under Pressure, the companion guide to coping with stress and anxiety among girls, available now. In this sane, highly engaging, and informed guide for parents of daughters, Dr. Damour draws on decades of experience and the latest research to reveal the seven distinct—and absolutely normal—developmental transitions that turn girls into grown-ups, including Parting with Childhood, Contending with Adult Authority, Entering the Romantic World, and Caring for Herself. Providing realistic scenarios and welcome advice on how to engage daughters in smart, constructive ways, Untangled gives parents a broad framework for understanding their daughters while addressing their most common questions, including • My thirteen-year-old rolls her eyes when I try to talk to her, and only does it more when I get angry with her about it. How should I respond? • Do I tell my teen daughter that I’m checking her phone? • My daughter suffers from test anxiety. What can I do to help her? • Where’s the line between healthy eating and having an eating disorder? • My teenage daughter wants to know why I’m against pot when it’s legal in some states. What should I say? • My daughter’s friend is cutting herself. Do I call the girl’s mother to let her know? Perhaps most important, Untangled helps mothers and fathers understand, connect, and grow with their daughters. When parents know what makes their daughter tick, they can embrace and enjoy the challenge of raising a healthy, happy young woman. BOOKS FOR A BETTER LIFE AWARD WINNER “Finally, there’s some good news for puzzled parents of adolescent girls, and psychologist Lisa Damour is the bearer of that happy news. [Untangled] is the most down-to-earth, readable parenting book I’ve come across in a long time.”—The Washington Post “Anna Freud wrote in 1958, ‘There are few situations in life which are more difficult to cope with than an adolescent son or daughter during the attempt to liberate themselves.’ In the intervening decades, the transition doesn’t appear to have gotten any easier which makes Untangled such a welcome new resource.”—The Boston Globe

Fictions of Adolescent Carnality

Download Fictions of Adolescent Carnality PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027272042
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fictions of Adolescent Carnality by : Lydia Kokkola

Download or read book Fictions of Adolescent Carnality written by Lydia Kokkola and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-03 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fictions of Adolescent Carnality considers one of the most controversial topics related to adolescents: their experience of desire. In fiction for adolescents, carnal desire is variously presented as a source of angst, an overwhelming experience over which one has no control, bestial, disgusting and, just occasionally, a source of pleasure. The on-set of desire, within the Anglophone tradition, has been closely associated with the loss of innocence and the end of childhood. Drawing on a corpus of 200 narratives of adolescent desire, Kokkola examines the connections between sociological accounts of teenagers’ sexual behaviour, adult fears for and about their off-spring and fictional representations of adolescents exploring their sexuality. Taking up topics such as adolescent pregnancy and parenthood, queer sexualities, animal-human connections and sexual abuse, Kokkola provides wide-ranging insights into how Anglophone literature responds to adolescents’ carnal desires, and contributes to on-going debates on the construction of adolescence and the ideology of innocence.

So ... You're Having a Teenager

Download So ... You're Having a Teenager PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Allen & Unwin
ISBN 13 : 1760873497
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis So ... You're Having a Teenager by : Cathy Wilcox

Download or read book So ... You're Having a Teenager written by Cathy Wilcox and published by Allen & Unwin. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'I love my kids with a primal passion but when they hit puberty I wanted to hand them back for a refund. If only I'd had this witty, gritty owner's manual. It's a pithy, practical guide for all deranged parents.' KATHY LETTE 'I wish I'd read this book before I acquired the three teenagers I have. Very useful.' CRAIG REUCASSEL 'This book should be compulsory reading for teenagers, but since they already know everything, I highly recommend it for their parents instead.' DEE MADIGAN 'This book articulates the frustrations and stresses of modern parenting and provides a reassuring reality check on how to navigate the choppy waters of raising teens in an always-on, screen-obsessed world.' JOCELYN BREWER, psychologist So, you're having a teenager? Congratulations/commiserations. Worried about drugs? We recommend Valium, wine and HRT. Happy you survived the toddler tantrums? Let us introduce you to the eye roll, the cold shoulder and the incoherent mumble. On the bright side, you've reduced your need for Google - your adolescent is now able to frequently correct, hector and lecture you with their strong opinion on everything. And if you feel tired, you're not imagining it. Teen years are like dog years: for every year your teen ages, you age seven. You need a survival guide for the testing times ahead. Friends, next-door neighbours and fellow mums of teens Sarah Macdonald and Cathy Wilcox have lived through it all and produced this straight-talking, not entirely sarcastic, informative guide to what for many parents are the most challenging - but interesting and exciting - years in the role. From A is for Argumentative, Awkward and Angst, to Z is for Zits and Zzzzzs. Because having a toddler is a doddle.

The Pain Tree

Download The Pain Tree PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
ISBN 13 : 9780618047581
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (475 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Pain Tree by : Esther Watson

Download or read book The Pain Tree written by Esther Watson and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2000 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illustrated collection of original poetry written by and for teenagers.

iGen

Download iGen PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501152025
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis iGen by : Jean M. Twenge

Download or read book iGen written by Jean M. Twenge and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-08-22 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As seen in Time, USA TODAY, The Atlantic, The Wall Street Journal, and on CBS This Morning, BBC, PBS, CNN, and NPR, iGen is crucial reading to understand how the children, teens, and young adults born in the mid-1990s and later are vastly different from their Millennial predecessors, and from any other generation. With generational divides wider than ever, parents, educators, and employers have an urgent need to understand today’s rising generation of teens and young adults. Born in the mid-1990s up to the mid-2000s, iGen is the first generation to spend their entire adolescence in the age of the smartphone. With social media and texting replacing other activities, iGen spends less time with their friends in person—perhaps contributing to their unprecedented levels of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. But technology is not the only thing that makes iGen distinct from every generation before them; they are also different in how they spend their time, how they behave, and in their attitudes toward religion, sexuality, and politics. They socialize in completely new ways, reject once sacred social taboos, and want different things from their lives and careers. More than previous generations, they are obsessed with safety, focused on tolerance, and have no patience for inequality. With the first members of iGen just graduating from college, we all need to understand them: friends and family need to look out for them; businesses must figure out how to recruit them and sell to them; colleges and universities must know how to educate and guide them. And members of iGen also need to understand themselves as they communicate with their elders and explain their views to their older peers. Because where iGen goes, so goes our nation—and the world.

The Little Book of Child and Adolescent Development

Download The Little Book of Child and Adolescent Development PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199899223
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Little Book of Child and Adolescent Development by : Karen J. Gilmore

Download or read book The Little Book of Child and Adolescent Development written by Karen J. Gilmore and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Little Book of Child and Adolescent Development presents a modern, psychoanalytically-informed summary of how the mind develops from infancy through young adulthood. It is a comprehensive work that integrates analytic theories with a contemporary systems model of development, and also draws on scholarly research from neighboring fields. Key models discussed include attachment theory, intersubjective theory, cognitive development theory, and infancy research. This book's contemporary approach to development makes it relevant to such timely topics as bullying, the experience of LGBT youth, preadolescent and adolescent use of the internet, and the struggles of young (emerging) adults in modern society. Written to optimize ease of use for the busy clinician, key clinical points are summarized at the end of each chapter, and a glossary of important concepts and terminology is also included. The text will be valuable for psychiatric residents, psychoanalytic candidates and faculty, and graduate students who would benefit from a quick and concise review of the developmental trajectory.