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An Introduction To Californias Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Program
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Book Synopsis An Introduction to California's Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Program by : Tseming Yang
Download or read book An Introduction to California's Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Program written by Tseming Yang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though climate change will require a global solution, the efforts of individual nations and sub-national governmental units have become increasingly important for demonstrating leadership in creating effective regulatory programs and possible solutions. California's Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, also referred to as A.B. 32, and the associated greenhouse gas emission trading program are one set of such efforts. With A.B. 32, the state of California has created one of the most comprehensive and complex climate change programs in the world - a legally binding set of mandates for the state government to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 1990 levels by the year 2020 that is implemented in part by a highly sophisticated GHG trading system. Although a number of years have already passed since A.B. 32's first enactment, the highest-profile regulatory action, the emission trading program, also referred to as a cap-and-trade system, became effective only recently. This short essay is designed to provide an introduction to the basic aspects of the California Global Warming Solutions Act as well as the GHG Emission Trading Program. In particular, the essay will touch on the scope of the emission trading program's carbon cap and what sources are covered, the cap decline by 2020, carbon allowances and offset-credits as well as related allowance banking issues, reporting and compliance processes, and linkage with other emission trading systems.
Book Synopsis Designing the Allocation Process for California's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Program by :
Download or read book Designing the Allocation Process for California's Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and published by World Business Pub.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Book Synopsis Managing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in California by :
Download or read book Managing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in California written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Trading written by D. Stowell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-11-29 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Trading provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging greenhouse gas emissions trading markets. The book covers events in the UN climate negotiations and the development of the international emissions trading system under the Kyoto Protocol. The key focus of the book is the emerging domestic and international emissions trading schemes, project based trading programmes, and the developing greenhouse gas markets. As governments implement regulations to meet domestic and international greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, it is crucial for capital market practitioners and industry to understand risks and opportunities posed by these regulations. The book offers the reader insight into the climate change problem, the concept of emissions trading, design of emerging trading schemes and the practical functioning of the greenhouse gas markets.
Download or read book Exploring Cap-and-Trade written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is an urgent issue unlike anything humanity has ever faced. This thesis explores a market-based tool to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and limit global warming. Specifically, it uses the California cap-and-trade program as a case study. It provides background information on this program, which was established from the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32) and in 2017 was extended to 2030. Evaluating market-based tools is becoming increasingly important as countries and states look for ways to reduce climate pollution and create investments in a clean energy future. Through analysis of government reports and a literature review, this paper finds that the program is not performing at its optimum. It recommends reducing the number of allocated permits to increase the demand and the price. Additionally, it recommends implementation of processes that evaluate and reconsider how different programs created under AB 32 can complement carbon pricing--not undermine its ability to reduce emissions. Although the California cap-and-trade program is not performing at its optimum, the program represents California's commitment to addressing climate change and acts as an international inspiration for climate action. There are multiple states that are currently considering implementing carbon pricing tools. This paper concludes by providing an overview of the pending carbon legislation in Oregon.
Book Synopsis Has California's Cap-and-Trade Caused a Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Firm-Level Analysis by : Brendan Gerard Timmons
Download or read book Has California's Cap-and-Trade Caused a Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Firm-Level Analysis written by Brendan Gerard Timmons and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, policymakers around the world have implemented or are considering market-based emissions reductions policies like cap-and-trade. In the U.S., the only state with a cap-and-trade program that covers every sector in the economy is California, which has become a global leader in climate policy. Though California's emissions have decreased since the policy was implemented, this decline coincides with other factors, such as the natural gas boom and subsequent drop in natural gas prices, increases in vehicle gas mileage, and the ramping up of renewable portfolio standards. This study seeks to determine if, accounting for these other factors, the decrease in emissions can be attributed to the cap-and-trade program, and if so, how much reduction has come as a result of compliance with the program. I also study whether and how individual facilities comply with the cap. Using panel data for firm-level emissions from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and California Air Resources Board and accounting for other factors using data from a variety of U.S. government sources, I find that California's cap-and-trade program is associated with a reduction in firms' emissions. However, my results show that this decline may be at least partially attributed to leakage of emissions from California's climate policy regime to other states. Further study and more detailed data is needed to better understand the relationship between firms' emissions, the cap, and leakage.
Book Synopsis Guidance to the California Climate Action Registry by : California Energy Commission. Climate Change Program
Download or read book Guidance to the California Climate Action Registry written by California Energy Commission. Climate Change Program and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Emissions Trading in California by : Alex Wang
Download or read book Emissions Trading in California written by Alex Wang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report evaluates California's two major emissions trading systems (ETS): (i) the Regional Clean Air Incentives Market (RECLAIM) program for conventional air pollutants in southern California, begun in 1993 and now being retired; and (ii) the economy-wide greenhouse gas cap-and-trade program commenced in 2013 and authorized through 2030. We consider these systems in the context of broader critiques about emissions trading systems and take seriously problems of environmental ambition, integrity, and justice. We also explore ways in which emissions trading systems can affect the political economy of climate policy for better or worse.This report was written with an audience of Chinese regulators and researchers in mind, as China has recently commenced the world's largest ETS by volume of emissions covered. The material on California is meant to support the design and reform of this system. We have also included a chapter summarizing the current structure of China's national ETS and offered a series of reform recommendations, drawing on lessons from California.We hope that a frank assessment of the benefits and shortcomings of emissions trading will allow China and other jurisdictions to avoid the mistakes of existing ETS and to find an appropriate balance among emissions trading and a broader portfolio of climate measures.
Book Synopsis Environmental Governance in the Carbon Economy by : Patrick McGregor Bigger
Download or read book Environmental Governance in the Carbon Economy written by Patrick McGregor Bigger and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Emissions Trading for Climate Policy by : Bernd Hansjürgens
Download or read book Emissions Trading for Climate Policy written by Bernd Hansjürgens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-07-28 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1997 Kyoto Conference introduced emissions trading as a new policy instrument for climate protection. This book's contributions from the fields of economics, political science and law analyze theoretical aspects of regulatory instruments for climate policy, provide an overview of U.S. experience with market-based instruments, draw lessons from existing trading schemes for the control of greenhouse gases, and discuss options for emissions trading in climate policy. They also highlight the background of climate policy and instrument choice in the U.S and Europe.
Book Synopsis Understanding and Analysis: The California Air Resources Board Forest Offset Protocol by : Eric Marland
Download or read book Understanding and Analysis: The California Air Resources Board Forest Offset Protocol written by Eric Marland and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a product of the initial phase of a broader study evaluating the voluntary and regulatory compliance protocols that are used to account for the contributions of forests in U.S.-based greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation programs. The research presented here is particularly concerned with these protocols’ use of the USDA Forest Service’s Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to describe forest conditions, ownership, and management scenarios, and is oriented towards providing regulators and other interested parties with an objective comparison of the options, uncertainties, and opportunities available to offset GHG emissions through forest management. Chapters focus on the protocols for recognizing forest carbon offsets in the California carbon cap-and-trade program, as described in the Compliance Offset Protocol; U.S. Forest Projects (California Air Resources Board, 2011). Readers will discover the protocols used for quantifying the offset of GHG emissions through forest-related project activity. As such, its scope includes a review of the current methods used in voluntary and compliance forest protocols, an evaluation of the metrics used to assign baselines and determine additionality in the forest offset protocols, an examination of key quantitative and qualitative components and assumptions, and a discussion of opportunities for modifying forest offset protocols, in light of the rapidly changing GHG-related policy and regulatory environment. Finally, the report also discusses accounting and policy issues that create potential barriers to participation in the California cap-and-trade program, and overall programmatic additionality in addressing the needs of a mitigation strategy.
Book Synopsis California's Ambitious Greenhouse Gas Policies by : Kenneth C. Johnson
Download or read book California's Ambitious Greenhouse Gas Policies written by Kenneth C. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract- California's Cap-and-Trade system cannot achieve the “maximum technologically feasible and cost-effective greenhouse gas emissions reductions” required by statute because the emissions reduction target (the cap) is itself predetermined by statute.- Cap-and-Trade disincentivizes complementary and independent carbon-reduction actions in capped sectors by nullifying their environmental benefits (the “waterbed effect”).- In contrast to Cap-and-Trade, an effective regulatory policy would empower individuals, businesses, communities, and municipalities to influence the scale and pace of decarbonization through their collective actions and investment choices.California's landmark AB 32 legislation, enacted in 2006, tasked the California Air Resources Board (CARB) with (1) ensuring that statewide greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 would not exceed the 1990 level, and (2) achieving the “maximum technologically feasible and cost-effective reductions in greenhouse gas emissions”. CARB adopted a caps-and-standards regulatory framework, which interpreted the statutory emissions limit in 2020 as a predetermined “target”, thus rendering the maximum-reduction mandate ineffectual. In its May, 2022 draft Scoping Plan, CARB proposed extending the same framework to implement California's new legislative directive (SB 32) requiring a reduction of statewide emissions by “at least 40 percent” below the 1990 level “no later than” 2030. The plan continues CARB's reliance on Cap-and-Trade, which again establishes the statutory minimum as a “target” and disincentivizes further emissions reductions beyond the target - any such action would simply free up surplus allowances for other emitters to use (the “waterbed effect”). To put California on track toward decarbonization at the scale and pace required for global climate stabilization, the legislature should resolve interpretative ambiguities and contradictions in its statutes and institute a regulatory policy paradigm that gives meaning and effect to the mandate requiring “maximum technologically feasible and cost-effective” emissions reductions.
Book Synopsis Key Issues Facing California's GHG Cap-and-Trade System for 2021-2030 by : Todd Schatzki
Download or read book Key Issues Facing California's GHG Cap-and-Trade System for 2021-2030 written by Todd Schatzki and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: California's Greenhouse Gas (GHG) cap-and-trade program is a key element of the suite of policies the State has adopted to achieve its climate policy goals. The passage of AB 398 (California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006: market-based compliance mechanisms) extended the use of the cap-and-trade program for the 2021-2030 period, while also specifying modifications of the program's “cost containment” structure and directing CARB to “[e]valuate and address concerns related to overallocation in [ARB's] determination of the allowances available for years 2021 to 2030.” The changes being considered by CARB will not only affect the program's stringency, but also its performance by affecting the ability of the “cost containment” structure to mitigate allowance price volatility and the risk of suddenly escalating allowance prices. We address key design issues that were identified by the legislature in AB 398 and have been identified by CARB in its “Preliminary Concepts” white paper, including: (1) Price levels for the Price Ceiling and Price Containment Points; (2) Allocation of allowances between the auction budgets, Price Containment Points, and Price Ceiling; (3) “Overallocation” of GHG allowances; and (4) the program's administrative and operational rules, such as procedures for distributing allowances to the market from the Price Ceiling or Price Containment Points, procedures for using allowances once distributed, and banking rules.
Book Synopsis Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases by : Mark Liebig
Download or read book Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases written by Mark Liebig and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-10-16 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global climate change is a natural process that currently appears to be strongly influenced by human activities, which increase atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG). Agriculture contributes about 20% of the world’s global radiation forcing from carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, and produces 50% of the methane and 70% of the nitrous oxide of the human-induced emission. Managing Agricultural Greenhouse Gases synthesizes the wealth of information generated from the GRACEnet (Greenhouse gas Reduction through Agricultural Carbon Enhancement network) effort with contributors from a variety of backgrounds, and reports findings with important international applications. Frames responses to challenges associated with climate change within the geographical domain of the U.S., while providing a useful model for researchers in the many parts of the world that possess similar ecoregions Covers not only soil C dynamics but also nitrous oxide and methane flux, filling a void in the existing literature Educates scientists and technical service providers conducting greenhouse gas research, industry, and regulators in their agricultural research by addressing the issues of GHG emissions and ways to reduce these emissions Synthesizes the data from top experts in the world into clear recommendations and expectations for improvements in the agricultural management of global warming potential as an aggregate of GHG emissions
Book Synopsis Global Carbon Pricing by : Peter Cramton
Download or read book Global Carbon Pricing written by Peter Cramton and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the traditional “pledge and review” climate agreements have failed, and how carbon pricing, based on trust and reciprocity, could succeed. After twenty-five years of failure, climate negotiations continue to use a “pledge and review” approach: countries pledge (almost anything), subject to (unenforced) review. This approach ignores everything we know about human cooperation. In this book, leading economists describe an alternate model for climate agreements, drawing on the work of the late Nobel laureate Elinor Ostrom and others. They show that a “common commitment” scheme is more effective than an “individual commitment” scheme; the latter depends on altruism while the former involves reciprocity (“we will if you will”). The contributors propose that global carbon pricing is the best candidate for a reciprocal common commitment in climate negotiations. Each country would commit to placing charges on carbon emissions sufficient to match an agreed global price formula. The contributors show that carbon pricing would facilitate negotiations and enforcement, improve efficiency and flexibility, and make other climate policies more effective. Additionally, they analyze the failings of the 2015 Paris climate conference. Contributors Richard N. Cooper, Peter Cramton, Ottmar Edenhofer, Christian Gollier, Éloi Laurent, David JC MacKay, William Nordhaus, Axel Ockenfels, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Steven Stoft, Jean Tirole, Martin L. Weitzman
Book Synopsis Indicators of Climate Change in California by : Carmen Milanes (Environmentalist)
Download or read book Indicators of Climate Change in California written by Carmen Milanes (Environmentalist) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
