An Examination Of Acculturation Racial Identity Perceived Discrimination And Mental Health Outcomes Among Africans And Afro Caribbeans In The United States

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An Examination of Acculturation, Racial Identity, Perceived Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes Among Africans and Afro-Caribbeans in the United States

Author : Olufunke Rachael Awosogba
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (961 download)

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Book Synopsis An Examination of Acculturation, Racial Identity, Perceived Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes Among Africans and Afro-Caribbeans in the United States by : Olufunke Rachael Awosogba

Download or read book An Examination of Acculturation, Racial Identity, Perceived Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes Among Africans and Afro-Caribbeans in the United States written by Olufunke Rachael Awosogba and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the realm of multicultural psychology, focusing on within-group differences facilitates to a deeper understanding of cultural constructs (Bernal, Cumba-Avilés, & Rodriguez-Quintana, 2014). Despite expanded research on acculturation, racial identity, and perceived discrimination on mental health outcomes among various racial and ethnic minority groups, the theoretical and empirical literature focusing on Black immigrants (i.e., Afro-Caribbeans, recent Africans, and their descendants) is scant. This study examined a conceptual model that describes the relationships among acculturation, enculturation, racial centrality, perceived discrimination, and mental health outcomes (specifically, anxiety and depression) among Africans and Afro-Caribbeans in the United States. Two hundred African and Afro-Caribbean adults across 25 states and territories in the United States participated in this study. Using Qualitrics, an online enterprise data collection and survey software, participants completed informed consent forms, a demographic questionnaire, the Measurement of Acculturation Strategies for People of African Descent (MASPAD), the Racial Centrality subscale of the Multidimensional Inventory of Black Identity (MIBI), the Perceived Discrimination Scale (PDS), and the Anxiety and Depression subscales of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI). A path analysis was employed to test the fit of the hypothesized model to the data using three widely used fit indices –comparative fit index (CFI), standardized root-mean-square residual (SRMR), and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Two (CFI and SRMR) out of the three fit indices suggested adequate to good model fit. The hypothesized path model proposed that acculturation and enculturation would directly affect anxiety and depression, and that racial identity and perceived discrimination would explain the relationship between these cultural adaptation and mental health outcomes variables. Path coefficients were examined for significance to address the hypotheses. All paths in the model were significant accept direct paths from acculturation and enculturation to anxiety and depression. Overall, acculturation and enculturation had significant effects on anxiety and depression, only indirectly through racial centrality and perceived discrimination. Implications for findings are discussed.

Investing in the Health and Well-Being of Young Adults

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309309980
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Investing in the Health and Well-Being of Young Adults by : National Research Council

Download or read book Investing in the Health and Well-Being of Young Adults written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.

Discrimination, Group Identity, and Mental Health

Author : Aya Kimura
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 157 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Discrimination, Group Identity, and Mental Health by : Aya Kimura

Download or read book Discrimination, Group Identity, and Mental Health written by Aya Kimura and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major aim of this dissertation was to investigate the mechanisms through which psychosocial factors (i.e., group identity, self-esteem, mastery, and social support) reduce the deleterious impact of discrimination on the mental health outcomes of racial and ethnic minorities. Based on the stress process model and risk/protective and protective/protective paradigms, this work explored whether and how racial and ethnic group identity (conceptualized as a psychosocial resource) helps minority group members combat the detrimental effects of perceived discrimination on mental health. For this project, data were analyzed from the National Survey of American Life (N=3,006 African Americans; 1,190 Afro-Caribbean Americans; and 491 non-Hispanic European Americans). Consistent with prior studies, the findings showed a positive relationship between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms. Additionally, results indicated that despite higher levels of discrimination and other types of disadvantages reported, racial minorities were able to maintain unexpectedly favorable mental health status, compared to their European American counterparts. With respect to race- and ethnicity-specific findings, the mental health of Caribbean Americans was protected by self-esteem, mastery, and social support in the face of day-to-day discrimination. The pattern differed for European Americans, whose mental health was more protected by self-esteem, and African Americans, whose mental health was protected by mastery. In terms of the role of racial and ethnic group identity, reported closeness to other blacks helped Caribbean Americans to deal with day-to-day discrimination and African Americans to cope with major lifetime discrimination. Alternatively, the evaluative aspect (i.e. positive evaluation of other blacks) of group identity minimized the effect of day-to-day discrimination on depressive symptoms for both Caribbean and African Americans, while the evaluative aspect only helped Caribbean Americans in dealing with major lifetime discrimination. These racial and ethnic variations in the processes through which psychosocial resources protected mental health highlights the importance of paying closer attention to the diversity both across and within racial and ethnic groups.

Racial Identity, Ethnic Identity, and the Link Between Perceived Racism and Psychological Distress in African and Afro-Caribbean Blacks

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Author : Olufunke Rachael Awosogba
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Racial Identity, Ethnic Identity, and the Link Between Perceived Racism and Psychological Distress in African and Afro-Caribbean Blacks by : Olufunke Rachael Awosogba

Download or read book Racial Identity, Ethnic Identity, and the Link Between Perceived Racism and Psychological Distress in African and Afro-Caribbean Blacks written by Olufunke Rachael Awosogba and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous studies confirm the relationship between perceived racism and psychological distress. Scholars have incorporated group identification to understand this relationship among Black Americans; however, there is a dearth in the literature on other Black ethnic groups. The influx of African and Afro-Caribbean immigrants continues to change the demography of Black America. Despite being racially categorized as Black, these groups have different social and cultural experiences, which influence self-concept and psychological functioning. The proposed study seeks to examine moderation effects of racial identity and ethnic identity in relation to perceived racism and psychological distress in African and Afro-Caribbean Blacks.

Relationships Between Experiences with Racism, Psychological Homelessness, and Mental Health Outcomes

Author : Forogh Rahim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Relationships Between Experiences with Racism, Psychological Homelessness, and Mental Health Outcomes by : Forogh Rahim

Download or read book Relationships Between Experiences with Racism, Psychological Homelessness, and Mental Health Outcomes written by Forogh Rahim and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Race-based discrimination has negative implications for marginalized populations. In the United States, African Americans have been significantly impacted by racism due to the history and legacy of slavery and on-going oppression. While research shows that discrimination impacts the health and relational quality of Black/African Americans, the specific psychological mechanisms remain understudied. One such mechanism may be psychological homelessness described as a sense of disconnection, detachment, or being an outsider in one's own community/country. While psychological homelessness (PH) may be associated with poor health outcomes, a positive racial identity and a sense of belonging to one's racial/ethnic community has been shown to be a protective factor against discrimination distress. This study examined links between internal processes related to race-related marginalization focusing specifically on feelings of PH. To accomplish this goal, we adapted the only existing quantitative measure of PH, previously used with a Salvadoran population for use with Black/African American respondents. We collected data to test the validity and reliability of this adapted measure in an African American sample. In addition, and as part of exploring the psychometrics of the adapted measure, we explored associations between experiences of PH, perceived racism, mental and relational health, and dimensions of racial identity. Our results showed adequate reliability of the adapted measure and indicated that like racial identity, PH moderates the relationship between perceived racism and mental/relational health outcomes. The results of this study are important in understanding the experiences and impact of marginalization and especially as they are influenced by environmental/community context.

Mental Health

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Health by :

Download or read book Mental Health written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mental and Behavioral Health of Immigrants in the United States

Author : Gordon C. Nagayama Hall
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128163003
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental and Behavioral Health of Immigrants in the United States by : Gordon C. Nagayama Hall

Download or read book Mental and Behavioral Health of Immigrants in the United States written by Gordon C. Nagayama Hall and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-12 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mental and Behavioral Health of Immigrants in the United States reviews research on immigrant mental health, acculturation, and multicultural psychology. The book is divided into three sections: Section A addresses the geographic and social context of immigration, including how parents and children navigate the acculturation process, how different cultural orientations affect behavior, and research methods on acculturation. Sections B and C focus on mental health issues common to Latinx, Asian, and Arab/Middle Eastern immigrants, and then more broadly across immigrant groups. Included here are a focus on depression, anxiety, and somatization, as well as alcohol abuse, insomnia, and issues for LGBTQ+ individuals. Pre- and post-migration stressors are discussed, as well as the effects of prejudice and bias, the mental health effects of religion and spirituality, and managing the demands of both work and family. Contributors from psychology, education, and social work provide different perspectives and identify opportunities for future research. Summarizes research on mental health issues common to immigrants Identifies prevalence of mental disorders among ethnic minorities in the United States Examines the impact of group-based discrimination on mental health Explores the impact of acculturation on mental health Reviews mental health issues specific to Latinx, Asian, and Middle Eastern immigrants Covers alcohol abuse, sleep, and other disorders across immigrant groups

Integrating Personality and African American Racial/ethnic Identity in a Comprehensive Model of Perceived Discrimination and Well-being

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Author : Quaneecia L. Rainey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (779 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrating Personality and African American Racial/ethnic Identity in a Comprehensive Model of Perceived Discrimination and Well-being by : Quaneecia L. Rainey

Download or read book Integrating Personality and African American Racial/ethnic Identity in a Comprehensive Model of Perceived Discrimination and Well-being written by Quaneecia L. Rainey and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Public Health Aspects of Mental Health Among Migrants and Refugees

Author : Centers of Disease Control
Publisher : Health Evidence Network Synthe
ISBN 13 : 9789289051651
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health Aspects of Mental Health Among Migrants and Refugees by : Centers of Disease Control

Download or read book Public Health Aspects of Mental Health Among Migrants and Refugees written by Centers of Disease Control and published by Health Evidence Network Synthe. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing number of refugees, asylum seekers, and irregular migrants poses a challenge for mental health services in Europe. This review found that these groups are exposed to risk factors for mental disorders before, during, and after migration. The prevalence of psychotic, mood, and substance-use disorders in these groups varies but overall resembles that in the host populations. Refugees and asylum seekers, however, have higher rates of post-traumatic stress disorder. Poor socioeconomic conditions are associated with increased rates of depression five years after resettlement. Refugees, asylum seekers, and irregular migrants encounter barriers to accessing mental health care. Good practice for mental health care includes promoting social integration, developing outreach services, coordinating health care, providing information on entitlements and available services, and training professionals to work with these groups. These actions require resources and organizational flexibility.

Social Epidemiology

Author : Lisa F. Berkman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780195083316
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Epidemiology by : Lisa F. Berkman

Download or read book Social Epidemiology written by Lisa F. Berkman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-09 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.

Unequal Treatment

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030908265X
Total Pages : 781 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Unequal Treatment by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Unequal Treatment written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-02-06 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain significant predictors of the quality of health care received. In Unequal Treatment, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment. The book examines how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looks at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities. Patients' and providers' attitudes, expectations, and behavior are analyzed. How to intervene? Unequal Treatment offers recommendations for improvements in medical care financing, allocation of care, availability of language translation, community-based care, and other arenas. The committee highlights the potential of cross-cultural education to improve provider-patient communication and offers a detailed look at how to integrate cross-cultural learning within the health professions. The book concludes with recommendations for data collection and research initiatives. Unequal Treatment will be vitally important to health care policymakers, administrators, providers, educators, and students as well as advocates for people of color.

Methods and Assessment in Culture and Psychology

Author : Michael Bender
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108476627
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods and Assessment in Culture and Psychology by : Michael Bender

Download or read book Methods and Assessment in Culture and Psychology written by Michael Bender and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross-cultural studies require sound methodology and psychometrics. This book outlines advances in assessment from many expert perspectives.

To Be an Immigrant

Author : Kay Deaux
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610441532
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis To Be an Immigrant by : Kay Deaux

Download or read book To Be an Immigrant written by Kay Deaux and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2006-08-17 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigration is often discussed in broad, statistical terms, with a focus on how it affects labor markets, schools, and social services. But at its most basic level, immigration is a process that affects people and their identities in deeply personal ways. In To Be an Immigrant, social psychologist Kay Deaux explores the role of both social conditions and individual capacities in determining how well immigrants adapt to life in their new homelands, and makes a strong case for the relevance of social psychology in immigration studies. To Be an Immigrant looks at how immigrants are defined, shaped, and challenged by the cultural environment they encounter in their new country and offers an integrated psychological framework for studying the immigrant experience. Deaux argues that in addition to looking at macro-level factors like public policies and social conditions and micro-level issues like individual choices, immigration scholars should also study influences that occur on an intermediate level, such as interpersonal encounters. Each of these three levels of analysis is essential to understanding how immigrants adapt to a new homeland and form distinct identities. As a case study for her framework, Deaux examines West Indians, exploring their perceptions of the stereotypes they face in the United States and their feelings of connection to their new home. Though race plays a limited role in the West Indies, it becomes more relevant to migrants once they arrive in the United States, where they are primarily identified by others as black, rather than Guyanese or Jamaican. Deaux's research adds to a growing literature in social psychology on stereotype threat, which suggests that negative stereotypes about one's group can hinder an individual's performance. She finds that immigrants who have been in the United States longer and identify themselves as African American suffer from the negative effects of stereotype threat more than recent immigrants. More than a discrete event, immigration can be understood as a life-long process that continues to affect people well after they have migrated. To Be an Immigrant takes a novel approach to the study of immigration, looking at how societal influences help shape immigrants and their understanding of who they are.

Handbook of Race, Racism, and the Developing Child

Author : Stephen M. Quintana
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470189800
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Race, Racism, and the Developing Child by : Stephen M. Quintana

Download or read book Handbook of Race, Racism, and the Developing Child written by Stephen M. Quintana and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a critical void in the literature, Race, Racism, and the Developing Child provides an important source of information for researchers, psychologists, and students on the recent advances in the unique developmental and social features of race and racism in children's lives. Thorough and accessible, this timely reference draws on an international collection of experts and scholars representing the breadth of perspectives, theoretical traditions, and empirical approaches in this field.

Relationship Between Race, United States Nativity, Perceived Discrimination, and Acculturation Stress

Author : Simone N. Henderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Relationship Between Race, United States Nativity, Perceived Discrimination, and Acculturation Stress by : Simone N. Henderson

Download or read book Relationship Between Race, United States Nativity, Perceived Discrimination, and Acculturation Stress written by Simone N. Henderson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acculturation has been defined as "changes that take place as a result of contact with culturally dissimilar people, groups, and social influences" (Gibson, 2001). This experience can cause stress for those experiencing it, especially when the individual is having a hard time adjusting to a new culture (Kim, 2019). One's nativity, a person's native-born status in their environment, and racial/ethnic group can also contribute to their experience of acculturation due to personal differences that these demographic variables create (Bondy et al., 2017; Hall & Carter, 2006). Studying race, nativity, perceived discrimination, and acculturation are essential for understanding the experiences of people of color (POC; i.e., Asian American, African American, Latinx, Native Americans). The current study examined the relationships between perceived discrimination and acculturation stress. Two hundred forty individuals participated in the study, consisting of major POC racial/ethnic groups in the United States: Latinx, Non-Hispanic Black, and Asian Americans. The study aimed to explore the relationship between perceived discrimination and acculturation, and to explore if racial/ethnic group and nativity were significant factors in that relationship. It was hypothesized that higher levels of perceived discrimination would account for a significant amount of variance in acculturation stress, indicating that perceived discrimination may influence the level of stress experienced. Additionally, it was hypothesized that acculturation would be further affected by racial/ethnic groups and nativity status (i.e., foreign- vs. U.S-born). The results found that race and sex were significant demographic variables, and that race and discrimination stress significantly contributed to the experience of different types of acculturation stress.

The Effects of Religiousness and Spiritual Transcendence on Acculturation, Ethnic Identity, and Overall Life Success of Afro-Caribbean Immigrants and African Americans in the United States

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Author : Olga L. Booth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (827 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Religiousness and Spiritual Transcendence on Acculturation, Ethnic Identity, and Overall Life Success of Afro-Caribbean Immigrants and African Americans in the United States by : Olga L. Booth

Download or read book The Effects of Religiousness and Spiritual Transcendence on Acculturation, Ethnic Identity, and Overall Life Success of Afro-Caribbean Immigrants and African Americans in the United States written by Olga L. Booth and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The direct and indirect effects of religious involvement and spiritual transcendence on ethnic identity, acculturation, and overall life success above the effects of the five-factor model (FFM) of personality domains were investigated in the present study. The participants were firstgeneration Afro-Caribbean immigrants (n =139), second-generation Afro-Caribbean immigrants (n = 47), and African Americans (n = 124) between the ages of 18 and 91 years. -- From the author's abstract.

Trauma and Racial Minority Immigrants

Author : Pratyusha Tummala-Narra
Publisher : Cultural, Racial, and Ethnic P
ISBN 13 : 9781433833694
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (336 download)

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Book Synopsis Trauma and Racial Minority Immigrants by : Pratyusha Tummala-Narra

Download or read book Trauma and Racial Minority Immigrants written by Pratyusha Tummala-Narra and published by Cultural, Racial, and Ethnic P. This book was released on 2021 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the polarizing issue regarding immigration in the United States, we are currently living in a time where the debates and controversy surrounding these instances are fueled. In this book, Dr. Pratyusha Tummala-Narra assembles a diverse group of experts to examine the struggles, trauma, and resilient actions of those who are forced to leave behind their families and livelihood. With author expertise ranging from psychology of prejudice and historical trauma to clinical and community-based interventions, this book teaches the impact of the sociopolitical climate on racial minority immigrants, as well as highlights theory, research, and practice concerning the various types of trauma and oppression faced.