An Evaluation Of African American Fathers Perceptions And Influences On Child Food Choices And Physical Activity Behaviors

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An Evaluation of African American Fathers' Perceptions and Influences on Child Food Choices and Physical Activity Behaviors

Author : Valerie Annette Richardson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (964 download)

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Book Synopsis An Evaluation of African American Fathers' Perceptions and Influences on Child Food Choices and Physical Activity Behaviors by : Valerie Annette Richardson

Download or read book An Evaluation of African American Fathers' Perceptions and Influences on Child Food Choices and Physical Activity Behaviors written by Valerie Annette Richardson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child obesity is affecting children's health nationwide. Rates are highest among African Americans (AA) in the South. Research has explored parents' influence on child eating and activity, but most has reported on mothers' influences. The purpose of this research was to investigate perceptions about AA fathers' influences on their children's eating and physical activity. Using a structured focus group questionnaire based on the parent layer constructs of Birch and Ventura's Ecological Model for Child Overweight (2009), four focus groups were conducted with 28 AA fathers with children 6- to 11- years-old in a rural and an urban church setting in southeast Louisiana. Data was coded using deductive content analysis and a matrix based on model constructs. Most fathers were knowledgeable about healthy eating but indicated that fathers' typical focus in feeding their children was simply making sure they were not hungry. Cultural food preferences influenced rural fathers' diets more than urban, but both groups agreed that their children's diets were more influenced by the fast food environment. Fathers were involved with food shopping, with food preferences, health, and cost affecting their food purchases. Most affirmed providing support for their children's physical activity and monitoring their children's screen time as important. Participants believed that AA fathers intensely influence their children, especially boys, in many aspects of their lives, including eating and physical activity. Fathers stated that study participation made them more aware of their responsibility and potential influences on their children's eating and physical activity habits, and of the importance of role modeling and educating their children about healthy lifestyles, so that their children did not experience the burden of chronic disease typical for their own generation. Findings suggest the relevance of the parent constructs of the Child Overweight Ecological Model to the population of interest and support a body of literature indicating that fathers should be an intervention focus. Future research should explore AA fathers' knowledge and practices related to child feeding, the specific ways in which they provide support for children's activity and monitor sedentary behavior, and ways to support fathers' role modeling of healthy eating and physical activity. --Page ii.

Associations Among African American Parent Education, Perceptions, Behaviors, and Child Weight Status

Author : Tracey Marie Barnett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Associations Among African American Parent Education, Perceptions, Behaviors, and Child Weight Status by : Tracey Marie Barnett

Download or read book Associations Among African American Parent Education, Perceptions, Behaviors, and Child Weight Status written by Tracey Marie Barnett and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Obesity in children and adolescents is a worldwide epidemic that is anticipated to worsen over time (Budd & Volpe, 2006; Chatterjee, Blakely, & Barton, 2005; Hossain, Kawar, & El Nahas, 2007). Within the past 30 years, the prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has more than doubled among children and quadrupled in adolescents (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). People often have inaccurate perceptions of their body size and weight status and this may play a key role in the prevalence of obesity especially for ethnic minorities (Gillard, Lackland, Mountfored, & Egan, 2007; Hendley, et al., 2011). In order to combat child obesity, it is imperative for future research to explore the phenomenon of parent education, behaviors, perceptions and the impact on child weight status within a strong theoretical conceptual model. The purpose of this dissertation is to build a theoretical conceptual model and testable model to understand the associations among African American parent education, behaviors, and perceptions of their child's body size and the impact on their child's weight status. Methods: The School Physical Activity and Nutrition survey (SPAN) was developed using a repeated cross-sectional study design to estimate changes in body mass index (BMI) by three major racial/ethnic groups (African Americans, Hispanics, and whites/others) in Texas public school children (Hoelscher, Day, Lee, Frankowski, Kelder, Ward & Scheurer, 2003). For this study, only African American 4th grade students (n=372) and their parents (n=372) will be used. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple regression, moderation, and mediation analysis. Results: Findings suggest that a parent's level of education had a direct impact on health knowledge and discrimination. Parent perceptions of their child's body size was directly associated with child weight status, but parent weight status moderated this relation. The number of children living in the home had a direct impact socioeconomic status (SES), SES had a direct impact on stress, and stress had a direct impact on parenting rules and discipline. The more physical activity parents did with their children, the lower their child's weight status, however, parent weight status mediated this relation. Lastly, as the consumption of more healthy foods increased, so did the child's weight status. Implications: The findings of this study offer a comprehensive picture of how parent education, perceptions and behaviors impact child weight status. These results highlight suggested areas that may be used by social work practitioners, researchers, and policy makers when working African American parents and their children. This study also suggests a final robust theoretical conceptual model of theory and evidence-based literature to guide future research.

Parenting Matters

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309388570
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Matters by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

Fathers' Impact on Children's Nutrition

Author : Lisa K. Foster
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Fathers' Impact on Children's Nutrition by : Lisa K. Foster

Download or read book Fathers' Impact on Children's Nutrition written by Lisa K. Foster and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Examination of Household Environmental Influences on Healthy Eating Behaviors Among African American Primary Caregivers and Children

Download An Examination of Household Environmental Influences on Healthy Eating Behaviors Among African American Primary Caregivers and Children PDF Online Free

Author : Tya Michelle Arthur
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (779 download)

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Book Synopsis An Examination of Household Environmental Influences on Healthy Eating Behaviors Among African American Primary Caregivers and Children by : Tya Michelle Arthur

Download or read book An Examination of Household Environmental Influences on Healthy Eating Behaviors Among African American Primary Caregivers and Children written by Tya Michelle Arthur and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The burden of obesity and related health conditions is particularly high among African Americans and low-income families. A large body of evidence demonstrates the benefit of following a diet recommended by federal dietary guidelines in reducing obesity risk and promoting overall health. The environment plays an important role in the development of childhood obesity by influencing mechanisms related to dietary behavior patterns. This study used secondary data from a Texas state and national survey of Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participants prior to the implementation of food package changes in 2009. The purpose of the study was to describe diet quality, examine relationships between diet quality and sociodemographic factors, and investigate household environmental influences on fruit and vegetable consumption among African American children. A healthy food indicator with four components indicative of a healthy diet, namely fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat milk, was used to measure diet quality. African American women and children in this study0́s sample did not meet the standards for a healthy diet. Personal and family characteristics, including age, caregiver education, urbanization, and region of residence, were associated with diet quality in African American women and children. The majority of African American children in this sample did not meet current recommendations for daily fruit and vegetable consumption. Six household environmental factors were associated with fruit and vegetable consumption by African American children, including physical factors (primary caregiver purchase and preparation of fruits and vegetables) and sociocultural factors (primary caregiver fruit and vegetable consumption, perception of child liking fruits and vegetables, fruit and vegetable selection self-efficacy, and self-efficacy for healthful child feeding). The strongest predictor of fruit and vegetable consumption by African American children was the fruit and vegetable consumption by primary caregivers. Health education strategies aimed at improving diets of African Americans need to address a variety of sociodemographic and household factors influencing dietary behavior patterns. Strategies to promote the reduction of childhood obesity through increases in fruit and vegetable consumption must account for the consumption of fruits and vegetables among primary caregivers.

Families, Food, and Parenting

Author : Lori A. Francis
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030564584
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Families, Food, and Parenting by : Lori A. Francis

Download or read book Families, Food, and Parenting written by Lori A. Francis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the many roles of families in their members’ food access, preferences, and consumption. It provides an overview of factors – from micro- to macro-levels – that have been linked to food insecurity and discusses policy approaches to reducing food insecurity and hunger. In addition, it addresses the links between food insecurity and overweight and obesity. The book describes changes in the U.S. food environment that may explain increases in obesity during recent decades. It explores relationships between parenting practices and the development of eating behaviors in children, highlighting the importance of family mealtimes in healthful eating. The volume provides an overview of efforts to prevent or reduce obesity in children, with attention to minority populations and discusses research findings on targets for obesity prevention, including a focus on fathers as change agents who play a crucial, yet understudied, role in food parenting. The book acknowledges that with the current obesigenic environment in the United States and elsewhere around the world, additional and innovative efforts are needed to foster healthful eating behavior and orientations toward food in childhood and in families. This book is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, clinicians, professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology, family studies, public health as well as numerous interrelated disciplines, including sociology, demography, social work, prevention science, educational policy, political science, and economics.

African American Fathers' Perceptions of Childhood Overweight

Author : Vanessa Michelle Byrd
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (781 download)

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Book Synopsis African American Fathers' Perceptions of Childhood Overweight by : Vanessa Michelle Byrd

Download or read book African American Fathers' Perceptions of Childhood Overweight written by Vanessa Michelle Byrd and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood overweight/obesity (CHO) is a serious health concern for children and adolescents. Despite increased efforts to prevent CHO, prevalence rates have actually increased. Evidence suggests that parents are critical to successful interventions to reduce CHO among children. While research efforts aimed at parental inclusion have increased, limited research has been conducted to investigate fathers' perception of CHO, or their influences on their children's health. The objective of this two-phase study was to answer three research questions: a) How does the extant literature operationalize African American parental perceptions of childhood overweight/obesity? b) What are African American fathers' perceptions of CHO? and c) How do African American fathers perceive CHO in relation to their own child's weight status? Evidence-based studies reveal that fathers have the potential to play a significant role in CHO prevention. Phase one (literature review) revealed that published studies on parental perception of CHO either exclude fathers, include them only in data collection, and/or report no results specific to paternal perception. Thus, an exploratory qualitative study was needed to explore African American fathers' perceptions of CHO. In phase two (qualitative study), four fathers were interviewed about their perceptions of CHO and how they contextualize this problem. The results indicated fathers believe that weight categories are racially & culturally insensitive and do not account for individual health status or differences in body/bone structure, and that parents with overweight children are financially disadvantaged, irresponsible and overworked. Fathers also indicated that colloquial terms (e.g., chunky, husky, big-boned, thick) were commonly substituted medical definitions for overweight and that child/teen sports participation was motivated by health, as well as non-health related benefits (e.g., competitiveness, educational scholarships). Further, fathers' identification of CHO is subjective and includes visual means and parental assessment of health status (e.g., child mobility/activity levels). Implications of this study are that additional studies are needed to clarify fathers' roles in CHO and that future studies should consider complex familial structures, as well as reframe prevention efforts to focus on optimal child health as opposed to weight labeling and focusing on parents' accuracy in identifying weight categories.

Perceptions and Concerns of Healthy Eating in Low-income African American Mothers of Preschoolers

Author : Lauren Porter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (956 download)

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Book Synopsis Perceptions and Concerns of Healthy Eating in Low-income African American Mothers of Preschoolers by : Lauren Porter

Download or read book Perceptions and Concerns of Healthy Eating in Low-income African American Mothers of Preschoolers written by Lauren Porter and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Health disparities are prevalent in the U.S, with low-income African American children suffering from higher rates of obesity and chronic diseases compared to White children. Currently, little is known about parental perceptions of healthy eating, and concerns related to child health and weight in this at-risk population. The main purpose of this study was to examine perceptions, motivating factors and barriers to healthier eating in a sample of low-income African American parents of 3-5 year old children. The second purpose was to assess parental concerns about health and/or weight and to examine the accuracy of parental perceptions of child weight status. Participants were recruited from Head Start Programs in North Carolina. The Social Cognitive Theory constructs guided focus groups and a survey administered to the participants. Content analysis of 8 focus groups generated the following themes: 1) lack of nutrition knowledge and misconceptions; 2) healthy meals are home-cooked, include meat and starch; 3) family members, lack of maternal modeling, and child pickiness are main barriers to healthier eating; 4) strong awareness of family history of chronic disease, including obesity; 5) lack of concern about child's current weight. Over 25% of mothers underestimated their child's weight status. Our findings highlight important maternal perspectives influencing children's diet quality and long-term health outcomes among low-income at-risk preschoolers. Nutrition educators should be aware that low-income African American mothers may be aware of chronic disease risks, but do not perceive food choices in early childhood as having strong impact on the child's future health."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

An Examination of the Influence of African-American Extended Family Relationships on Child Weight Status

Author : Sarah Burch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis An Examination of the Influence of African-American Extended Family Relationships on Child Weight Status by : Sarah Burch

Download or read book An Examination of the Influence of African-American Extended Family Relationships on Child Weight Status written by Sarah Burch and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the U.S., African American children suffer from higher rates of obesity than their white peers. African American families are often multi-generational, with extended family members, especially women, caring for child relatives. Yet little is currently known about the influence of these female extended family members (EFMs) on African American children's dietary and physical activity behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between the amount of time an African American child spent with an EFM, the frequency of child physical activity and eating around the EFM, and family members' weight status. Data were collected and analyzed as part of a larger study examining relationships in African American families (n=47). Participating families consisted of the mother, her child aged 8-12 years, and an EFM. Participants were recruited from community organizations in Guilford County, North Carolina. Family Systems Theory guided the research in accordance with current literature which suggests that family-based lifestyle interventions achieve better outcomes than education or information only interventions. Eighty-eight percent of non-pregnant mothers (n=44) and 87% of non-pregnant EFMs (n=45) were classified as overweight or obese as defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) compared to 47% of the children in the study as defined by Body Mass Index For Age (BMI-For-Age). EFMs comprised 10 grandmothers, two great grandmothers, one great aunt, 19 aunts, and 15 cousins. No significant association was found between time spent with EFMs and frequency of child eating and physical activity behaviors. Children were less active around grandmothers and great grandmothers compared to aunts and cousins (p

Perceptions of Weight-related Health in African American Families

Author : Amy Kristen Foster
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Perceptions of Weight-related Health in African American Families by : Amy Kristen Foster

Download or read book Perceptions of Weight-related Health in African American Families written by Amy Kristen Foster and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309210283
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-31 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. The magnitude of the problem has increased dramatically during the last three decades and, despite some indications of a plateau in this growth, the numbers remain stubbornly high. Efforts to prevent childhood obesity to date have focused largely on school-aged children, with relatively little attention to children under age 5. However, there is a growing awareness that efforts to prevent childhood obesity must begin before children ever enter the school system. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies reviews factors related to overweight and obese children from birth to age 5, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and recommends policies that can alter children's environments to promote the maintenance of healthy weight. Because the first years of life are important to health and well-being throughout the life span, preventing obesity in infants and young children can contribute to reversing the epidemic of obesity in children and adults. The book recommends that health care providers make parents aware of their child's excess weight early. It also suggests that parents and child care providers keep children active throughout the day, provide them with healthy diets, limit screen time, and ensure children get adequate sleep. In addition to providing comprehensive solutions to tackle the problem of obesity in infants and young children, Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies identifies potential actions that could be taken to implement those recommendations. The recommendations can inform the decisions of state and local child care regulators, child care providers, health care providers, directors of federal and local child care and nutrition programs, and government officials at all levels.

Parental Influences on the Physical Activity Behavior of Children of Various Ethnic Backgrounds

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (656 download)

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Book Synopsis Parental Influences on the Physical Activity Behavior of Children of Various Ethnic Backgrounds by :

Download or read book Parental Influences on the Physical Activity Behavior of Children of Various Ethnic Backgrounds written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood overweight is a serious public health concern. Approximately 15% of adolescents and children ages 6-19 are overweight. Promoting physical activity is one key in fighting the obesity epidemic. The purpose of this study was to explore parental influences on the physical activity behavior of children of various ethnic backgrounds and of low socioeconomic status. Although the majority of the children self-identified as Black or African American, the full sample was considered to be children of various ethnic backgrounds since there was representation from other ethnic groups. This effort addressed the void of ethnically diverse youth physical activity research. Using the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model as a theoretical framework (Welk, 1999), direct and indirect parental influences were investigated. Four specific parental influencing strategies were also examined. This study replicated a previous study by Welk, Wood, and Morss (2003). The survey administered combined the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (Kowalski, Crocker, & Faulkner, 1997), the Children's Attraction to Physical Activity scale (Brustad, 1993, 1996), the athletic competence scale from the Perceived Competence Scale for Children (Harter, 1985), and a series of parental influence measures designed by Welk et al. (2003). Parents in this sample influence children's physical activity behavior both directly and indirectly. Parental support strategies other than role modeling were found to significantly predict physical activity, perceived athletic competence, and attraction to physical activity. There was evidence that suggested the general measure of physical activity and the measure of perceived competence introduced cultural bias and therefore did not fully capture the experiences of the children in this sample.

Sociological Abstracts

Author : Leo P. Chall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 804 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociological Abstracts by : Leo P. Chall

Download or read book Sociological Abstracts written by Leo P. Chall and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.

Community Perspectives on Obesity Prevention in Children

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309140811
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Community Perspectives on Obesity Prevention in Children by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Community Perspectives on Obesity Prevention in Children written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the public health threat of childhood obesity has become clear, the issue has become the focus of local, state, and national initiatives. Many of these efforts are centered on the community environment in recognition of the role of environmental factors in individual behaviors related to food and physical activity. In many communities, for example, fresh produce is not available or affordable, streets and parks are not amenable to exercise, and policies and economic choices make fast food cheaper and more convenient than healthier alternatives. Community efforts to combat obesity vary in scope and scale; overall, however, they remain fragmented, and little is known about their effectiveness. At the local level, communities are struggling to determine which obesity prevention programs to initiate and how to evaluate their impact. In this context, the Institute of Medicine held two workshops to inform current work on obesity prevention in children through input from individuals who are actively engaged in community- and policy-based obesity prevention programs. Community perspectives were elicited on the challenges involved in undertaking policy and programmatic interventions aimed at preventing childhood obesity, and on approaches to program implementation and evaluation that have shown promise. Highlights of the workshop presentations and discussions are presented in this volume.

Associations Between Family Nutrition and Physical Activity, Food Security, and Childhood Obesity in Rural Oregon

Author : Jennifer A. Jackson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (913 download)

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Book Synopsis Associations Between Family Nutrition and Physical Activity, Food Security, and Childhood Obesity in Rural Oregon by : Jennifer A. Jackson

Download or read book Associations Between Family Nutrition and Physical Activity, Food Security, and Childhood Obesity in Rural Oregon written by Jennifer A. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood obesity and food insecurity are public health issues that often coexist, and both conditions are more prevalent among rural compared to non-rural populations. Social ecological prevention efforts are recommended, yet limited research has examined how rural family-home environments may influence obesity-preventing and -promoting behaviors. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine whether and how family-home environmental and behavioral factors are associated with body mass index (BMI) and food security in rural children. To accomplish the aims of this project, a mixed methods study was conducted. For the quantitative phase of this study, relationships between family nutrition and physical activity (FNPA), food security, and children's BMI and dietary behaviors were examined. Results indicated no significant associations between FNPA and BMI or between FNPA and food security. More favorable FNPA factors were associated with higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, and dairy, and with lower intake of added sugar. The qualitative phase of this research involved nine semi-structured focus group interviews, conducted across six rural communities, to explore parent/caregiver perceptions of factors that influence behaviors related to nutrition and physical activity in the home environment. Four major themes that influence family nutrition- and activity-related behaviors were identified, including family eating habits, food procurement, family physical activity, and screen time. Eight themes emerged as environmental supports and/or barriers to family nutrition and physical activity, including seasonal variation, features of home, distance from resources, foods and beverages encouraged and discouraged, screen time limits, financial constraints, outdoor safety, and schedule constraints. This study provides evidence that certain factors in the family-home are associated with children's dietary behaviors, and that opportunities for rural children to eat healthfully and be physically active at home are influenced by factors internal and external to the family-home. Understanding how family-home and other environmental factors influence children's eating and activity behaviors and future health outcomes, as well as how public health efforts may support families in navigating challenges specific to rural areas, is an important area of research that warrants further exploration.

Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Preventing Childhood Obesity

Author : Dayna S. Alexander
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing Childhood Obesity by : Dayna S. Alexander

Download or read book Preventing Childhood Obesity written by Dayna S. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Preventing childhood obesity is a global priority due to adverse health risks and financial burdens. With childhood obesity rates stabilizing it is difficult to determine which factors alone (i.e., genetic, environmental, behavioral, or demographic) increase susceptibility to childhood obesity. Parents influence childhood obesity risk factors through their parenting styles and behaviors. Social behavioral theories and public health evidence demonstrate including parents in childhood obesity efforts could assist in reducing childhood obesity rates. The objective of this study was to assess perceptions of childhood obesity among African Americans with children enrolled in a rural elementary school in the Deep South. The concurrent mixed methods study utilized a fifty-nine item questionnaire and fourteen semi-structured interview guide to collect information on perceptions of risk factors, health complications, weight status of the child, the built environment, and prevention strategies. Using a convenience sample, participants ages 22-65, completed a paper-based survey (n=135) and participated in a face-to-face interview (n=12). Descriptive statistics were obtained from the surveys. A six-step process was used for qualitative analysis. Participants commonly cited behavioral risk factors as a contributing cause of childhood obesity; yet, they did not believe social aspects and appearance of the community were contributing factors. Also diabetes, hypertension, and stroke were health complications reported by participants. Analysis of the surveys and interviews revealed that participants assessed their child's weight and height status by child's appearance or the child's recent doctor visit. In addition, few participants had a distorted view of their child's weight status. Barriers reported by participants included safety and insufficient physical activity venues and programs. Furthermore, participants believed parents played a vital role in the prevention of childhood obesity. Findings suggest that programs and interventions would be effective by focusing on parental concerns in rural communities. In addition, engaging parents in the design, implementation, and evaluation of these efforts would be beneficial. Obesity prevention efforts must address parent's individual choices, lifestyles, and the external environment of the rural community.