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An Electrochemical Process For Decentralized Treatment Of High Strength Wastewater
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Book Synopsis An Electrochemical Process for Decentralized Treatment of High-strength Wastewater by : Gustavo Aburto Vazquez
Download or read book An Electrochemical Process for Decentralized Treatment of High-strength Wastewater written by Gustavo Aburto Vazquez and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As water shortages grow increasingly common worldwide, the need to explore decentralized wastewater treatment options to address water pollution has also increased. Electrocoagulation (EC) is a potential technology for decentralized treatment systems due to its convenience and effectiveness. This study investigated the development of a pilot-scale electrocoagulation treatment system to treat source-separated blackwater. Bench-scale EC experiments effectively removed COD, TP, and turbidity. Pulse-width modulation also proved capable of decreasing the energy demand of EC. However, NH3-N was not removed effectively. Bench-scale air stripping experiments revealed that an NH3-N removal efficiency of 67.7% was achievable by increasing the pH of the electrocoagulation-treated blackwater to 11 with calcium hydroxide. In addition, pilot-scale EC experiments showed that utilizing electroflotation with sludge separation units is an essential mechanism for separating solids from the liquid phase of the EC effluent. The pilot-scale study also demonstrated that reducing the distance between electrodes decreases the energy demand of the treatment. Improvements to the pilot-scale EC treatment system decreased the EC reactor's power consumption to 2.64 Wh/L blackwater and reduced the COD, TP, TN, and TSS in the treated water by 90.3%, 98.4%, 85.1%, and 94.8%, respectively. An economic assessment concluded that the treatment system could treat 2,720 L of blackwater per day at a treatment cost of $5.65 per day. A sensitivity analysis showed that a 25% reduction in CapEx could reduce the average treatment cost by 21%, from $5.65/1000 L to $4.50/1000 L.
Book Synopsis Decentralized Sanitation and Water Treatment by : Rajeshwar D Tyagi
Download or read book Decentralized Sanitation and Water Treatment written by Rajeshwar D Tyagi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-04-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides up-to-date information on the concepts and technologies in decentralized sanitation for wastewater treatment and management. It addresses the knowledge gap that exists between the understanding of centralized and decentralized wastewater treatment approaches. Decentralized Sanitation and Water Treatment: Concept and Technologies covers the sustainability principles and technologies involved, and common decentralized treatment and disposal methods. It includes topics like septage as a resource, resource recovery, anaerobic treatment of domestic sewage, and decentralized sanitation in various countries. Features Provides case studies from all around the world to explain the traditional and advanced technologies in decentralized sanitation and wastewater treatment Discusses real examples and cases from rural, urban, and peri-urban areas Focuses on interdisciplinary approaches of sustainability and circular economies Covers topics like water recycling, resource recovery, and use of sustainable energy sources Reviews common treatments and disposal methods of decentralized sanitation The book is meant for professionals and researchers working on wastewater treatment, environmental engineering, and ecology.
Book Synopsis A-B processes: Towards Energy Self-sufficient Municipal Wastewater Treatment by : Yu Liu
Download or read book A-B processes: Towards Energy Self-sufficient Municipal Wastewater Treatment written by Yu Liu and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principle of the conventional activated sludge (CAS) for municipal wastewater treatment is primarily based on biological oxidation by which organic matters are converted to biomass and carbon dioxide. After more than 100 years’ successful application, the CAS process is receiving increasing critiques on its high energy consumption and excessive sludge generation. Currently, almost all municipal wastewater treatment plants with the CAS as a core process are being operated in an energy-negative fashion. To tackle such challenging situations, there is a need to re-examine the present wastewater treatment philosophy by developing and adopting novel process configurations and emerging technologies. The solutions going forward should rely on the ways to improve direct energy recovery from wastewater, while minimizing in-plant energy consumption. This book begins with a critical overview of the energy situation and challenges in current municipal wastewater treatment plants, showing the necessity of the paradigm shift from removal to recovery in terms of energy and resource. As such, the concept of A-B process is discussed in detail in the book. It appears that various A-B process configurations are able to provide possible engineering solutions in which A-stage is primarily designed for COD capture with the aim for direct anaerobic treatment without producing excessive biosludge, while B-stage is designated for nitrogen removal. Making the wastewater treatment energy self-sustainable is obviously of global significance and eventually may become a game changer for the global market of the municipal wastewater reclamation technology. The principal audiences include practitioners, professionals, university researchers, undergraduate and postgraduate students who are interested and specialized in municipal wastewater treatment and process design, environmental engineering, and environmental biotechnology.
Book Synopsis Integrated and Hybrid Process Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment by : Abdul Wahab Mohammad
Download or read book Integrated and Hybrid Process Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment written by Abdul Wahab Mohammad and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-25 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tackling the issue of water and wastewater treatment nowadays requires novel approaches to ensure that sustainable development can be achieved. Water and wastewater treatment should not be seen only as an end-of-pipe solution but instead the approach should be more holistic and lead to a more sustainable process. This requires the integration of various methods/processes to obtain the most optimized design. Integrated and Hybrid Process Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment discusses the state-of-the-art development in integrated and hybrid treatment processes and their applications to the treatment of a vast variety of water and wastewater sources. The approaches taken in this book are categorized as (i) resources recovery and consumption, (ii) optimal performance, (iii) physical and environmental footprints, (iv) zero liquid discharge concept and are (v) regulation-driven. Through these categories, readers will see how such an approach could benefit the water and wastewater industry. Each chapter discusses challenges and prospects of an integrated treatment process in achieving sustainable development. This book serves as a platform to provide ideas and to bridge the gap between laboratory-scale research and practical industry application. Includes comprehensive coverage on integrated and hybrid technology for water and wastewater treatment Takes a new approach in looking at how water and wastewater treatment contributes to sustainable development Provides future direction of research in sustainable water and wastewater treatment
Book Synopsis Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management by : Tove A. Larsen
Download or read book Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management written by Tove A. Larsen and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is sewer-based wastewater treatment really the optimal technical solution in urban water management? This paradigm is increasingly being questioned. Growing water scarcity and the insight that water will be an important limiting factor for the quality of urban life are main drivers for new approaches in wastewater management. Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management sets up a comprehensive view of the resources involved in urban water management. It explores the potential of source separation and decentralization to provide viable alternatives to sewer-based urban water management. During the 1990s, several research groups started working on source-separating technologies for wastewater treatment. Source separation was not new, but had only been propagated as a cheap and environmentally friendly technology for the poor. The novelty was the discussion whether source separation could be a sustainable alternative to existing end-of-pipe systems, even in urban areas and industrialized countries. Since then, sustainable resource management and many different source-separating technologies have been investigated. The theoretical framework and also possible technologies have now developed to a more mature state. At the same time, many interesting technologies to process combined or concentrated wastewaters have evolved, which are equally suited for the treatment of source-separated domestic wastewater. The book presents a comprehensive view of the state of the art of source separation and decentralization. It discusses the technical possibilities and practical experience with source separation in different countries around the world. The area is in rapid development, but many of the fundamental insights presented in this book will stay valid. Source Separation and Decentralization for Wastewater Management is intended for all professionals and researchers interested in wastewater management, whether or not they are familiar with source separation. Editors: Tove A. Larsen, Kai M. Udert and Judit Lienert, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Switzerland. Contributors: Yuval Alfiya, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Prof. Dr. M. Bruce Beck, University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources; Dr. Christian Binz, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Prof. em. Dr. Markus Boller, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Urban Water Management (SWW); Prof. Dr. Eran Friedler, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Zenah Bradford-Hartke, The University of New South Wales, School of Chemical Engineering and UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology; Dr. Shelley Brown-Malker, Very Small Particle Company Ltd; Bert Bundervoet, Ghent University, Laboratory Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET); Prof. Dr. David Butler, University of Exeter, Centre for Water Systems; Dr. Christopher A. Buzie, Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Wastewater Management and Water Protection; Dr. Dana Cordell, University of Technology, Sydney (UTS), Institute for Sustainable Futures (ISF); Dr. Vasileios Diamantis, Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Environmental Engineering; Prof. Dr. Jan Willem Erisman, Louis Bolk Institute; VU University Amsterdam, Department of Earth Sciences; Barbara Evans, University of Leeds, School of Civil Engineering; Prof. Dr. Malin Falkenmark, Stockholm International Water Institute; Dr. Ted Gardner, Central Queensland University, Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability; Dr. Heiko Gebauer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Prof. em. Dr. Willi Gujer, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering (BAUG); Prof. Dr. Bruce Jefferson, Cranfield University, Cranfield Water Science Institute; Prof. Dr. Paul Jeffrey, Cranfield University, Cranfield Water Science Institute; Sarina Jenni, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Prof. Dr. Håkan Jönsson, SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Energy and Technology; Prof. Dr. Ïsik Kabdasli, Ïstanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty; Prof. Dr. Jörg Keller, The University of Queensland, Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC); Prof. Dr. Klaus Kömmerer, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry; Dr. Katarzyna Kujawa-Roeleveld, Wageningen University, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group; Dr. Tove A. Larsen, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Urban Water Management (SWW); Michele Laureni, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Prof. Dr. Gregory Leslie, The University of New South Wales, School of Chemical Engineering and UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology; Dr. Harold Leverenz, University of California at Davis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Dr. Judit Lienert, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Social Sciences (ESS); Prof. Dr. Jürg Londong, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Department of Urban Water Management and Sanitation; Dr. Christoph Lüthi, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (Sandec); Prof. Dr. Max Maurer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Urban Water Management (SWW); Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering; Prof. em. Dr. Gustaf Olsson, Lund University, Department of Measurement Technology and Industrial Electrical Engineering (MIE); Prof. Dr. Ralf Otterpohl, Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Wastewater Management and Water Protection; Dr. Bert Palsma, STOWA, Dutch Foundation for Applied Water Research; Dr. Arne R. Panesar, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH; Prof. Dr. Bruce E. Rittmann, Arizona State University, Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology; Prof. Dr. Hansruedi Siegrist, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Dr. Ashok Sharma, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia, Land and Water Division; Prof. Dr. Thor Axel Stenström, Stockholm Environment Institute, Bioresources Group; Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Mathematical Science and Technology; Dr. Eckhard Störmer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Bjartur Swart, STOWA, Dutch Foundation for Applied Water Research; MWH North Europe; Prof. em. Dr. George Tchobanoglous, University of California at Davis, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Elizabeth Tilley, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (Sandec); Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETHZ), Centre for Development and Cooperation (NADEL); Prof. Dr. Bernhard Truffer, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology; Innovation Research in Utility Sectors (Cirus); Prof. Dr. Olcay Tünay, Ïstanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty; Dr. Kai M. Udert, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Process Engineering Department (Eng); Prof. em. Dr. Willy Verstraete, Ghent University, Laboratory Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET); Prof. Dr. Björn Vinnerås, SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Energy and Technology; Prof. Dr. Urs von Gunten, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Water Resources and Drinking Water (W+T); Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL),School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC); Prof. em. Dr. Peter A. Wilderer, Technische Universität München, Institute for Advanced Study; Prof. Dr. Jun Xia, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Center for Water Resources Research and Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Surface Processes; Prof. Dr. Grietje Zeeman, Wageningen University, Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Water and Wastewater Treatment by : Carlos Alberto Martínez-Huitle
Download or read book Electrochemical Water and Wastewater Treatment written by Carlos Alberto Martínez-Huitle and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemical Water Treatment Methods provides the fundamentals and applications of electrochemical water treatment methods to treat industrial effluents. Sections provide an overview of the technology, its current state of development, and how it is making its way into industry applications. Other sections deal with historical developments and the fundamentals of 18 methods, including coupled methods, such as Electrocoagulation, Peroxi-Coagulation and Electro-Fenton treatments. In addition, users will find discussions that relate to industries such as Pulp and Paper, Pharmaceuticals, Textiles, and Urban/Domestic wastewater, amongst others. Final sections present advantages, disadvantages and ways to combine renewable energy sources and electrochemical methods to design sustainable facilities. Environmental and Chemical Engineers will benefit from the extensive collection of methods and industry focused application cases, but researchers in environmental chemistry will also find interesting examples on how methods can be transitioned from lab environments to practical applications. - Offers an excellent overview of the research advances and current applications of electrochemical technologies for water treatment - Explains, in a comprehensive way, the fundamentals of different electrochemical uses and applications of different technologies - Provides a large number of examples as evidence of practical applications of electrochemistry to environmental protection - Explores the combination possibilities with other treatment technologies or emerging technologies for destroying water pollutants
Book Synopsis Electrochemistry for the Environment by : Christos Comninellis
Download or read book Electrochemistry for the Environment written by Christos Comninellis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater treatment technology is undergoing a profound transformation due to the fundamental changes in regulations governing the discharge and disposal of h- ardous pollutants. Established design procedures and criteria, which have served the industry well for decades, can no longer meet the ever-increasing demand. Toxicity reduction requirements dictate in the development of new technologies for the treatment of these toxic pollutants in a safe and cost-effective manner. Fo- most among these technologies are electrochemical processes. While electrochemical technologies have been known and utilized for the tre- ment of wastewater containing heavy metal cations, the application of these p- cesses is only just a beginning to be developed for the oxidation of recalcitrant organic pollutants. In fact, only recently the electrochemical oxidation process has been rec- nized as an advanced oxidation process (AOP). This is due to the development of boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes on which the oxidation of organic pollutants is mediated via the formation of active hydroxyl radicals.
Book Synopsis Environmental Electrochemistry by : D. Russell
Download or read book Environmental Electrochemistry written by D. Russell and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2009-03 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers included in this issue of ECS Transactions were originally presented in the symposium ¿Environmental Electrochemistry¿, held during the PRiME 2008 joint international meeting of The Electrochemical Society and The Electrochemical Society of Japan, with the technical cosponsorship of the Japan Society of Applied Physics, the Korean Electrochemical Society, the Electrochemistry Division of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute, and the Chinese Society of Electrochemistry. This meeting was held in Honolulu, Hawaii, from October 12 to 17, 2008.
Book Synopsis Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse by : Vivek V. Ranade
Download or read book Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse written by Vivek V. Ranade and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse is an accessible reference to assist you when handling wastewater treatment and recycling. It features an instructive compilation of methodologies, including advanced physico-chemical methods and biological methods of treatment. It focuses on recent industry practices and preferences, along with newer methodologies for energy generation through waste. The book is based on a workshop run by the Indus MAGIC program of CSIR, India. It covers advanced processes in industrial wastewater treatment, applications, and feasibility analysis, and explores the process intensification approach as well as implications for industrial applications. Techno-economic feasibility evaluation is addressed, along with a comparison of different approaches illustrated by specific case studies. Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse introduces you to the subject with specific reference to problems currently being experienced in different industry sectors, including the petroleum industry, the fine chemical industry, and the specialty chemicals manufacturing sector. - Provides practical solutions for the treatment and recycling of industrial wastewater via case studies - Instructive articles from expert authors give a concise overview of different physico-chemical and biological methods of treatment, cost-to-benefit analysis, and process comparison - Supplies you with the relevant information to make quick process decisions
Book Synopsis An Electrochemical Process for Simultaneous Treatment of Metal and Cyanide Bearing Wastewater by : Mathew Thomas Jodoin
Download or read book An Electrochemical Process for Simultaneous Treatment of Metal and Cyanide Bearing Wastewater written by Mathew Thomas Jodoin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Membrane Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment by : Zhiwei Wang
Download or read book Electrochemical Membrane Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment written by Zhiwei Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-04-04 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemical membrane technology has drawn extensive attention worldwide during the past decade in water and wastewater treatment. Coupling electrochemical process with membrane technology not only enables a higher removal or decomposition of pollutants in waters, but also ensures a more effective control of membrane fouling as well as a more highly selective separation process. The recent development of electrochemical membrane technology has also extended its applications in desalination, energy harvest, and resource recovery from seawater and wastewaters. Electrochemical Membrane Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment consolidates state-of-the-art research developments in electrochemical membrane technology in water reclamation and sustainability in terms of fundamental theories, membrane and electrode materials, reactor designs, fouling control mechanisms and applications. Electrochemical Membrane Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment also introduces fundamental theories and applications of electrochemical membrane technology. The knowledge gaps and future research perspectives in electrochemical membrane technology are also addressed. This book is an excellent resource for the understanding of fundamental theories, latest developments and future prospects in electrochemical membrane technology, which can benefit a broad audience of researchers and engineers working in water purification, membrane technology and electrochemical process. - Consolidates scattered knowledge of electrochemical membrane technology into a more accessible resource - Provides a comprehensive review of fundamental theories, membrane materials and module design as well as the latest developments of electrochemical membrane technology - Provides the state-of-art review on the applications of electrochemical membrane technology - Includes detailed discussion on the challenges and prospects of electrochemical membrane technology in different applications
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Water Treatment Methods by : Mika Sillanpää
Download or read book Electrochemical Water Treatment Methods written by Mika Sillanpää and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemical Methods for Water Treatment: Fundamentals, Methods and Full Scale Applications covers all traditional, emerging and combined methods currently available for the treatment of surface, drinkable water and industrial wastewater. Topics covered include an overview of pollutants and treatment methods, an extended introduction to electrochemical processes in water treatment, electrochemical oxidation (including electrodesinfection, electrochemical reduction, electrocoagulation, electroflotation, and electrodialysis. In addition, emerging and combined methods are presented, as is a discussion on the available equipment necessary to scale up the operation of all methods. Electrochemical technologies have many common issues in terms of design, operation and performance. This book brings together a wealth of information on all different methods in a single source to provide broad insights and enable the connection between challenges and opportunities for different methods. The combination of technical information, design and case studies offered helps researchers better understand the challenges associated with scale up and implementation. - Covers all electrochemical methods for water treatment - Includes methods for the treatment of surface, drinking water and industrial wastewater - Presents discussions on equipment in the context of scaling up the operation
Book Synopsis Innovative Wastewater Treatment & Resource Recovery Technologies: Impacts on Energy, Economy and Environment by : Juan M. Lema
Download or read book Innovative Wastewater Treatment & Resource Recovery Technologies: Impacts on Energy, Economy and Environment written by Juan M. Lema and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the 3R concept applied to wastewater treatment and resource recovery under a double perspective. Firstly, it deals with innovative technologies leading to: Reducing energy requirements, space and impacts; Reusing water and sludge of sufficient quality; and Recovering resources such as energy, nutrients, metals and chemicals, including biopolymers. Besides targeting effective C,N&P removal, other issues such as organic micropollutants, gases and odours emissions are considered. Most of the technologies analysed have been tested at pilot- or at full-scale. Tools and methods for their Economic, Environmental, Legal and Social impact assessment are described. The 3R concept is also applied to Innovative Processes design, considering different levels of innovation: Retrofitting, where novel units are included in more conventional processes; Re-Thinking, which implies a substantial flowsheet modification; and Re-Imagining, with completely new conceptions. Tools are presented for Modelling, Optimising and Selecting the most suitable plant layout for each particular scenario from a holistic technical, economic and environmental point of view.
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment for Denitrification and Toxic Organic Degradation Using Ti-Based Sno2 and Ruo2 Electrodes by : Zhaoming Xie
Download or read book Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment for Denitrification and Toxic Organic Degradation Using Ti-Based Sno2 and Ruo2 Electrodes written by Zhaoming Xie and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment for Denitrification and Toxic Organic Degradation Using Ti-based SnO2 and RuO2 Electrodes" by Zhaoming, Xie, 謝昭明, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment for Denitrification and Toxic Organic Degradation Using Ti-based SnO and RuO Electrodes 2 2 submitted by Xie, Zhaoming for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in December 2006 Many wastewater pollutants, including toxic organic compounds and nutrients at a high concentration, are difficult to treat with conventional treatment processes. Wastewater treatment technologies require continuous advances to ensure that the effluent continues to comply with more stringent discharge standards and to improve the cost-effectiveness of the practice. The electrochemical (EC) method is an advanced oxidation process that has shown promise as an effective treatment alternative for wastewater containing toxic substances. This study focused on the development of the electrochemical technology for degradation of aromatic and chlorinated aromatic organic pollutants and for nitrogen removal from landfill leachate and sewage sludge liquor. A double-layer coating technique was employed to make titanium-based catalytic active electrodes in Ti/SnO-Sb-Al for EC organic oxidation. The experimental results show that the Ti/SnO -Sb-Al anode is much more effective for electrolysis of phenol and chlorophenol than other conventional anodes of Pt, Ti/RuO and Ti/IrO . For phenol (100 mg/L) treatment, complete organic removal was 2 achieved after 5 hrs on anode Ti/SnO -Sb-Al at 20 mA/cm, compared with only 36% and 12% organic reductions provided by the Pt and Ti/RuO anodes, respectively. Similarly, for chlorophenol electrolysis, the best treatment performance was obtained with anode Ti/SnO -Sb-Al, followed by Pt and then Ti/RuO . Analysis with the High 2 2 Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed many intermediate products during the EC process, from aromatic compounds to aliphatic acids, which were oxidized rapidly by Ti/SnO -Sb-Al but accumulated in the Pt and Ti/RuO cells. In 2 2 addition, formation of colored polymeric materials occurred in the Pt and Ti/RuO electrolyzed solutions. Based on the EC degradation performance and the HPLC results, modified pathways of phenol and chlorophenol electrolysis at different types of electrodes were proposed. The different electrodes were characterized for their electrochemical behavior and surface properties. Compared to the Pt and Ti/RuO anodes, Ti/SnO -Sb-Al had a 2 2 considerably higher overpotential of oxygen evolution according to the voltammograms, which would facilitate the production of hydroxyl radicals. Direct phenol and chlorophenol oxidation could take place on the Ti/SnO -Sb-Al surface but not on the Pt and Ti/RuO anodes. The Ti/SnO -Sb-Al electrode also had apparently a 2 2 higher affinity with organic substances than Ti/RuO . It is argued that the anodic property has a significant influence on the kinetics, pathway and mechanism of organic electrolysis. Specific surface treatment such as the SnO -Sb-Al coating provides the anode with a catalytic function for rapid degradation of toxic organics. In addition, electrochemical denitrification experiments were performed using a lab-scale system with Ti/RuO -based mesh electrode plates for treating saline sewage sludge li
Book Synopsis Advanced Materials for Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment by : P.V. Nidheesh
Download or read book Advanced Materials for Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment written by P.V. Nidheesh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-09-04 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effluents generated from the pharmaceutical industry contain organic and inorganic contaminants that create potential threats to human health and the environment. Pharmaceuticals cannot be effectively removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants owing to the complex composition, high concentration of organic contaminants, high salinity, and biological toxicity of pharmaceutical wastewater. This book provides an overview of the production and environmental impacts of pharmaceutical compounds and their advanced treatment methods, with a focus on advanced materials used for removing pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater. Provides an overview of the current state of advanced research and applications of materials for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment Discusses various adsorbents, photocatalysts, and electrodes, with a special focus on carbon materials Covers advanced material synthesis and fabrication Features case studies and chapters that are fully application-oriented This book is essential reading for researchers and practitioners in materials science and engineering, environmental science and engineering, chemical engineering, and water treatment who are seeking to develop and implement advanced technologies for waste minimization and mitigation.
Book Synopsis Microbial Electrochemical Technologies by : Sonia M. Tiquia-Arashiro
Download or read book Microbial Electrochemical Technologies written by Sonia M. Tiquia-Arashiro and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-06 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book encompasses the most updated and recent account of research and implementation of Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs) from pioneers and experienced researchers in the field who have been working on the interface between electrochemistry and microbiology/biotechnology for many years. It provides a holistic view of the METs, detailing the functional mechanisms, operational configurations, influencing factors governing the reaction process and integration strategies. The book not only provides historical perspectives of the technology and its evolution over the years but also the most recent examples of up-scaling and near future commercialization, making it a must-read for researchers, students, industry practitioners and science enthusiasts. Key Features: Introduces novel technologies that can impact the future infrastructure at the water-energy nexus. Outlines methodologies development and application of microbial electrochemical technologies and details out the illustrations of microbial and electrochemical concepts. Reviews applications across a wide variety of scales, from power generation in the laboratory to approaches. Discusses techniques such as molecular biology and mathematical modeling; the future development of this promising technology; and the role of the system components for the implementation of bioelectrochemical technologies for practical utility. Explores key challenges for implementing these systems and compares them to similar renewable energy technologies, including their efficiency, scalability, system lifetimes, and reliability.
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorous from Wastewater by : Thomas Brueckner
Download or read book Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorous from Wastewater written by Thomas Brueckner and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
