An Economic Analysis Of A Drug Selling Gangs Finances

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An Economic Analysis of a Drug-selling Gang's Finances

Author : Steven D. Levitt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis An Economic Analysis of a Drug-selling Gang's Finances by : Steven D. Levitt

Download or read book An Economic Analysis of a Drug-selling Gang's Finances written by Steven D. Levitt and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: We analyze a unique data set detailing the financial activities of a drug-selling street gang on a monthly basis over a four-year period in the recent past. The data, originally compiled by the gang leader to aid in managing the organization, contain detailed information on both the sources of revenues (e.g. drug sales, extortion) and expenditrues (e.g. costs of drugs sold, weapons, tribute to the central gang organization, wages paid to various levels of the gang). Street-level drug dealing appears to be less lucrative than is generally though. We estimate the average wage in the organization to rise from roughly $6 per hour to $11 per hour over the time period studied. The distribution of wages, however, is extremely skewed. Gang leaders earn far more than they could in the legitimate sector, but the actual street-level dealers appear to earn less than the minimum wage throughout most of our sample, in spite of the substantial risks associated with such activities (the annual violent death rate in our sample is 0.07), There is some evidence consistent both with compensating differentials and efficiency wages. The markup on drugs suggests that the gang has substantial local market power. Gang wars appear to have an important strategic component: violence on another gang's turf shifts demand away from that area. The gang we observe responds to such attacks by pricing below marginal cost, suggesting either economic punishment for the rival gang or the presence of switching for users that makes market share maintenance valuable. We investigate a range of alternative methods for estimating the willingness of gang members to accept risks of death, all of which suggest that the implicit value that gang members place on their own lives is very low.

Money from crime: a study of the economics of drug dealing in Washington, D.C.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780833074065
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Money from crime: a study of the economics of drug dealing in Washington, D.C. by :

Download or read book Money from crime: a study of the economics of drug dealing in Washington, D.C. written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Money from Crime

Author : Peter Reuter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (222 download)

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Book Synopsis Money from Crime by : Peter Reuter

Download or read book Money from Crime written by Peter Reuter and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cocaine Nation

Author : Thomas Feiling
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1639360204
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (393 download)

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Book Synopsis Cocaine Nation by : Thomas Feiling

Download or read book Cocaine Nation written by Thomas Feiling and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Simon & Schuster eBook. Simon & Schuster has a great book for every reader.

Illegal Markets and the Economics of Organized Crime

Author : Martin Bouchard
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317987500
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Illegal Markets and the Economics of Organized Crime by : Martin Bouchard

Download or read book Illegal Markets and the Economics of Organized Crime written by Martin Bouchard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book showcases recent advances in the theoretical and empirical understanding of the economic aspects of organised crime and illegal markets. It provides new insights into defining and quantifying the influence of organised crime by drawing on innovative approaches to studying criminal networks and organisations such as the Hells Angels. The book includes analysis of the structure of illegal drug markets from international leaders in the field. Finally the text includes empirical case studies of the diverse markets where organised crime is currently active including the illegal market for crystal methamphetamine in Australia, tiger products in China and the falcon and fur trades in Russia. This book was based on a special issue of Global Crime.

Gang Injunctions and Abatement

Author : Matthew D. O'Deane
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439867887
Total Pages : 662 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Gang Injunctions and Abatement by : Matthew D. O'Deane

Download or read book Gang Injunctions and Abatement written by Matthew D. O'Deane and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-20 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As gang violence continues to rise across the country and the world, police departments, prosecutors, and community members are seeking new methods to reduce the spread of gang-related criminal activity. Civil gang injunctions have become a growing feature of crime control programs in several states across the nation. Gang Injunctions and Abatement

Gangs and Organized Crime

Author : George W. Knox
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351644890
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangs and Organized Crime by : George W. Knox

Download or read book Gangs and Organized Crime written by George W. Knox and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Gangs and Organized Crime, George W. Knox, Gregg W. Etter, and Carter F. Smith offer an informed and carefully investigated examination of gangs and organized crime groups, covering street gangs, prison gangs, outlaw motorcycle gangs, and organized crime groups from every continent. The authors have spent decades investigating gangs as well as researching their history and activities, and this dual professional-academic perspective informs their analysis of gangs and crime groups. They take a multidisciplinary approach that combines criminal justice, public policy and administration, law, organizational behavior, sociology, psychology, and urban planning perspectives to provide insight into the actions and interactions of a variety of groups and their members. This textbook is ideal for criminal justice and sociology courses on gangs as well as related course topics like gang behavior, gang crime and the inner city, organized crime families, and transnational criminal groups. Gangs and Organized Crime is also an excellent addition to the professional’s reference library or primer for the general reader. More information is available at the supporting website – www.gangsandorganizedcrime.com

The Oxford Handbook of Gangs and Society

Author : Pyrooz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197618154
Total Pages : 921 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Gangs and Society by : Pyrooz

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Gangs and Society written by Pyrooz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-15 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Oxford Handbook of Gangs and Society is the premier reference book on gangs for practitioners, policymakers, students, and scholars. This carefully curated volume contains 43 chapters written by the leading experts in the field, who advance a central theme of "looking back, moving forward" by providing state-of-the-art reviews of the literature they created, shaped, and (re)defined. This international, interdisciplinary collective of authors provides readers with a rare tour of the field in its entirety, expertly navigating thorny debates and the at-times contentious history of gang research, while simultaneously synthesizing flourishing areas of study that advance the field into the 21st century. The volume is divided into six cohesive sections that reflect the diverse field of gang studies and capture the large-scale cultural, economic, political, and social changes occurring within the world of gangs in the last century; anticipating immense changes on the horizon. From definitions to history to theory to epistemology to technology to policy and practice, this unprecedented volume captures the most timely and important topics in the field. When readers finish this book, they will be more confident in what we know and do not know about gangs in our society"--

Viking-Age Trade

Author : Jacek Gruszczyński
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135186615X
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Viking-Age Trade by : Jacek Gruszczyński

Download or read book Viking-Age Trade written by Jacek Gruszczyński and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That there was an influx of silver dirhams from the Muslim world into eastern and northern Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries is well known, as is the fact that the largest concentration of hoards is on the Baltic island of Gotland. Recent discoveries have shown that dirhams were reaching the British Isles, too. What brought the dirhams to northern Europe in such large numbers? The fur trade has been proposed as one driver for transactions, but the slave trade offers another – complementary – explanation. This volume does not offer a comprehensive delineation of the hoard finds, or a full answer to the question of what brought the silver north. But it highlights the trade in slaves as driving exchanges on a trans-continental scale. By their very nature, the nexuses were complex, mutable and unclear even to contemporaries, and they have eluded modern scholarship. Contributions to this volume shed light on processes and key places: the mints of Central Asia; the chronology of the inflows of dirhams to Rus and northern Europe; the reasons why silver was deposited in the ground and why so much ended up on Gotland; the functioning of networks – perhaps comparable to the twenty-first-century drug trade; slave-trading in the British Isles; and the stimulus and additional networks that the Vikings brought into play. This combination of general surveys, presentations of fresh evidence and regional case studies sets Gotland and the early medieval slave trade in a firmer framework than has been available before.

If I Grow Up

Author : Todd Strasser
Publisher : Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers
ISBN 13 : 1416994432
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (169 download)

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Book Synopsis If I Grow Up by : Todd Strasser

Download or read book If I Grow Up written by Todd Strasser and published by Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers. This book was released on 2010-02-23 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a gripping novel with a plot pulled from the headlines, Todd Strasser turns his attention to gang life in the inner-city projects. DeShawn is a teenager growing up in the projects. Most of his friends only see one choice: join up to a gang. DeShawn is smart enough to want to stay in school and make something more of himself, but when his family is starving while his friends have fancy bling and new sneakers, DeShawn is forced to decide--is his integrity more important than feeding his family?

Renegade Dreams

Author : Laurence Ralph
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022603285X
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Renegade Dreams by : Laurence Ralph

Download or read book Renegade Dreams written by Laurence Ralph and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-09-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An ethnographic study of the residents of a violent West Chicago neighborhood and how they cope from day to day. As with war, much of our focus on inner-city violence is on the death toll, but the reality is that far more victims live to see another day and must copy with their injuries—both physical and psychological—for the rest of their lives. Renegade Dreams is their story. Walking the streets of one of Chicago’s most violent neighborhoods, Laurence Ralph talks to parents, grandparents, and pastors, to activists and gang leaders, to the maimed and the hopeful, to aspiring rappers, athletes, or those who simply want safe passage to school or a steady job. Seeking to understand how they cope, he ultimately shows that the injuries they carry are—like dreams—a crucial form of resilience. Praise for Renegade Dreams “A tour de force—extremely well written and engaging, and replete with original insights. Once I began reading Ralph’s book, I had a difficult time putting it down. His field research is fascinating. And his explicit discussion of the interconnections of inner-city injury with government and community institutions, as well as how it is related to historical and social processes, is a major contribution.” —William Julius Wilson, author of The Truly Disadvantaged “Ralph’s Chicago is peopled by characters we’ve seen before . . . but they breathe and bounce throughout his pages like more than just rehashed stock figures in some ongoing morality play about urban black pathology. Thoroughly researched and powerfully told, Renegade Dream is a paradigm-shifting anthropological rejoinder to popular stereotypes and scholarly cant about “inner-city violence,” its causes, and its aftermath.” —John L. Jackson Jr., author of Thin Description “Astounding in its clarity and groundbreaking in its power. . . . The textures and rhythms of Ralph’s realist narrative are charged with critical insight and transcendental significance, making ethnography into a work of art.” —João Biehl, author of Vita “Theoretically rich and superbly written, this book exposes what is hidden in plain sight: the full humanity of people whose lives are greater than the sum of their pain and peril.” —Khalil Gibran Muhammad, author of The Condemnation of Blackness “An elegant, poetic, and sympathetic look at a West Side Chicago neighborhood [Ralph] calls Eastwood. . . . Recommended for readers interested in contemporary urban neighborhoods and Chicago history. An absorbing read for those who enjoyed the blend of history and narrative in William Shaw’s West Side: Young Men & Hip Hop in L.A..” —Library Journal

Cocaine

Author : Enrique Desmond Arias
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 1478021950
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Cocaine by : Enrique Desmond Arias

Download or read book Cocaine written by Enrique Desmond Arias and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to Cocaine analyze the contemporary production, transit, and consumption of cocaine throughout the Americas and the illicit economy's entanglement with local communities. Based on in-depth interviews and archival research, these essays examine how government agents, acting both within and outside the law, and criminal actors seek to manage the flow of illicit drugs to both maintain order and earn profits. Whether discussing the moral economy of coca cultivation in Bolivia, criminal organizations and drug traffickers in Mexico, or the routes cocaine takes as it travels into and through Guatemala, the contributors demonstrate how entire ways of life are built around cocaine commodification. They consider how the authority of state actors is coupled with the self-regulating practices of drug producers, traffickers, and dealers, complicating notions of governance and of the relationships between economic and moral economies. The collection also outlines a more progressive drug policy that acknowledges the important role drugs play in the lives of those at the urban and rural margins. Contributors. Enrique Desmond Arias, Lilian Bobea, Philippe Bourgois, Anthony W. Fontes, Robert Gay, Paul Gootenberg, Romain Le Cour Grandmaison, Thomas Grisaffi, Laurie Kain Hart, Annette Idler, George Karandinos, Fernando Montero, Dennis Rodgers, Taniele Rui, Cyrus Veeser, Autumn Zellers-León

The History of Street Gangs in the United States

Author : James C. Howell
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1498511333
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Street Gangs in the United States by : James C. Howell

Download or read book The History of Street Gangs in the United States written by James C. Howell and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an historical account of the emergence of youth gangs and the transformation of these into street gangs in the United States. The author traces the emergence of these gangs in the four major geographical regions over the span of two centuries, from the early 1800s to 2012. The author’s authoritative analysis explains gang emergence and expansion from play groups to heavily armed street gangs responsible for a large proportion of urban crimes, including drive-by shootings that often kill innocent bystanders. Nationwide, street gangs now account for 1 in 6 homicides each year, and for 1 in 4 in very large cities. In recent years, the number of gangs, gang members, and gang homicides increased, even though the U.S. has seen a sharp drop in violent and property crimes over the past decade. The author’s historical analysis reveals the key contributing factors to transformation of youth gangs, including social disorganization that occurred following large-scale immigration early in American history and urban policies that pushed minorities to inner city areas and public housing projects. This analysis includes the influence of prison gangs on street gangs. The first generation of prison gangs emerged spontaneously in response to dangers inside prisons. The second generation was for many years extensions of street gangs that grew enormously during the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in large urban areas in which public housing projects have served as incubators for street gangs. The third generation of prison gangs is extremely active in street-level criminal enterprises in varied forms, often highly structured and well managed organizations that are actively involved in drug trafficking. In recent years, returning inmates are a predominant influence on local gang violence. Now, prison gangs and street gangs often work together in street-level criminal enterprises. This book identifies the most promising ways that gang violence can be reduced. The best long-term approach is a combination of gang prevention, intervention, and suppression strategies and programs. Targeted suppression of gang violence is imperative. Street-workers that serve as violence interrupters can break the cycle of contagious gang violence.

How Gangs Work

Author : J. Densley
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137271515
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (372 download)

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Book Synopsis How Gangs Work by : J. Densley

Download or read book How Gangs Work written by J. Densley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on extensive interviews with gang members, this book provides a vivid portrayal of gang life. Topics include the profiles and motivations of gang members; the processes of gang evolution, organization, and recruitment; gang members' uses of violence, media, and technology and the role of gangs in the drugs trade and organized crime

The Gangs of Bangladesh

Author : Sally Atkinson-Sheppard
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030184269
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gangs of Bangladesh by : Sally Atkinson-Sheppard

Download or read book The Gangs of Bangladesh written by Sally Atkinson-Sheppard and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a study of street children’s involvement as workers in Bangladeshi organised crime groups based on a three-year ethnographic study in Dhaka. The book argues that ‘mastaans’ are Bangladeshi mafia groups that operate in a market for crime, violence and social protection. It considers the crimes mastaans commit, the ways they divide labour, and how and why street children become involved in these groups. The book explores how street children are hired by ‘mastaans’, to carry weapons, sell drugs, collect extortion money, commit political violence and conduct contract killings. The book argues that these young people are neither victims nor offenders; they are instead ‘illicit child labourers’, doing what they can to survive on the streets. This book adds to the emerging fields of the sociology of crime and deviance in South Asia and ‘Southern criminology’.

Gangs in the Caribbean

Author : Randy Seepersad
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443852791
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangs in the Caribbean by : Randy Seepersad

Download or read book Gangs in the Caribbean written by Randy Seepersad and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume represents the first published book on gangs in the Caribbean. The study of criminal gangs is both timely and of the utmost importance to policy and security in the region. In many countries across the Caribbean, criminal gangs are increasing in number and prominence, and official crime data indicate that they are responsible for an increasing proportion of violent crimes. The Caribbean region experienced a dramatic increase in murder rates from 14.3 murders per 100,000 inhabitants in 2000 to 28.1 murders per 100,000 inhabitants in 2010. In some of the countries with comparatively high murder rates, such as Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago, the proportion of gang-related murders has reached alarming levels. In the case of Trinidad and Tobago, for example, for the period 2001 to 2012, 29.5% of all murders which occurred were classified as gang-related, with fully 38% being so classified in 2012. The Caribbean represents a diverse region with very different cultures and security issues. Foreign experiences and research on gangs may not generalize to the region, nor may foreign policy be entirely relevant. The present volume represents an attempt to come to terms with the phenomenon of gangs in the Caribbean, and presents a wealth of empirical data, as well as an analysis of the varying issues from a number of disciplinary perspectives. Much of what is currently known about gangs in the Caribbean is brought together in this volume, with the primary aims of understanding the varying issues and examining relevant strategies for dealing with the proliferation of criminal gangs.

The Routledge International Handbook of Rural Criminology

Author : Joseph F Donnermeyer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317628519
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Rural Criminology by : Joseph F Donnermeyer

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Rural Criminology written by Joseph F Donnermeyer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 49% of the world’s population lives in small towns, villages and farms, yet until recent years criminological scholarship has focused almost exclusively on urban crimes. The Routledge International Handbook of Rural Criminology is the first major publication to bring together this growing body of scholarship under a single cover. For many years rural criminology has remained marginalized and often excluded from the mainstream, with precedence given to urban criminology: this volume intends to address that imbalance. Pioneering in scope, this book brings together leading international scholars from fourteen different countries to offer an authoritative synthesis of theoretical and empirical literature. This handbook is divided in to seven parts, each addressing a different aspect of rural criminology: Rurality and crime Criminological dimensions of food and agriculture Violence and rurality Drug use, production and trafficking in the rural context Intersections between rural and green criminology Policing, justice and rurality Teaching rural criminology Edited by a world renowned scholar of rural criminology, this book explores rural crime issues in over thirty-five countries including Japan, Sweden, Brazil, Australia, Tanzania, the US, and the UK. This is the first Handbook dedicated to rural criminology and is an essential resource for criminologists, sociologists and social geographers engaged with rural studies and crime.