American Surveillance

Download American Surveillance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Wisconsin Pres
ISBN 13 : 0299308804
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (993 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis American Surveillance by : Anthony Gregory

Download or read book American Surveillance written by Anthony Gregory and published by University of Wisconsin Pres. This book was released on 2016-07-29 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A nuanced history and analysis of intelligence-gathering versus privacy rights.

American Spies

Download American Spies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108107702
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (81 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis American Spies by : Jennifer Stisa Granick

Download or read book American Spies written by Jennifer Stisa Granick and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-16 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: US intelligence agencies - the eponymous American spies - are exceedingly aggressive, pushing and sometimes bursting through the technological, legal and political boundaries of lawful surveillance. Written for a general audience by a surveillance law expert, this book educates readers about how the reality of modern surveillance differs from popular understanding. Weaving the history of American surveillance - from J. Edgar Hoover through the tragedy of September 11th to the fusion centers and mosque infiltrators of today - the book shows that mass surveillance and democracy are fundamentally incompatible. Granick shows how surveillance law has fallen behind while surveillance technology has given American spies vast new powers. She skillfully guides the reader through proposals for reining in massive surveillance with the ultimate goal of surveillance reform.

Dark Mirror

Download Dark Mirror PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0698153391
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (981 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Dark Mirror by : Barton Gellman

Download or read book Dark Mirror written by Barton Gellman and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2020-05-19 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the three-time Pulitzer Prize-winning author of the New York Times bestseller Angler, who unearthed the deepest secrets of Edward Snowden's NSA archive, the first master narrative of the surveillance state that emerged after 9/11 and why it matters, based on scores of hours of conversation with Snowden and groundbreaking reportage in Washington, London, Moscow and Silicon Valley Edward Snowden chose three journalists to tell the stories in his Top Secret trove of NSA documents: Barton Gellman of The Washington Post, Glenn Greenwald of The Guardian and filmmaker Laura Poitras, all of whom would share the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service. Poitras went on to direct the Oscar-winning Citizen Four. Greenwald wrote an instant memoir and cast himself as a pugilist on Snowden's behalf. Barton Gellman took his own path. Snowden and his documents were the beginning, not the end, of a story he had prepared his whole life to tell. More than 20 years as a top investigative journalist armed him with deep sources in national security and high technology. New sources reached out from government and industry, making contact on the same kinds of secret, anonymous channels that Snowden used. Gellman's old reporting notes unlocked new puzzles in the NSA archive. Long days and evenings with Snowden in Moscow revealed a complex character who fit none of the stock images imposed on him by others. Gellman now brings his unique access and storytelling gifts to a true-life spy tale that touches us all. Snowden captured the public imagination but left millions of people unsure what to think. Who is the man, really? How did he beat the world's most advanced surveillance agency at its own game? Is government and corporate spying as bad as he says? Dark Mirror is the master narrative we have waited for, told with authority and an inside view of extraordinary events. Within it is a personal account of the obstacles facing the author, beginning with Gellman's discovery of his own name in the NSA document trove. Google notifies him that a foreign government is trying to compromise his account. A trusted technical adviser finds anomalies on his laptop. Sophisticated impostors approach Gellman with counterfeit documents, attempting to divert or discredit his work. Throughout Dark Mirror, the author describes an escalating battle against unknown digital adversaries, forcing him to mimic their tradecraft in self-defense. Written in the vivid scenes and insights that marked Gellman's bestselling Angler, Dark Mirror is an inside account of the surveillance-industrial revolution and its discontents, fighting back against state and corporate intrusions into our most private spheres. Along the way it tells the story of a government leak unrivaled in drama since All the President's Men.

Under Surveillance

Download Under Surveillance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1477312439
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (773 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Under Surveillance by : Randolph Lewis

Download or read book Under Surveillance written by Randolph Lewis and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Never before has so much been known about so many. CCTV cameras, TSA scanners, NSA databases, big data marketers, predator drones, "stop and frisk" tactics, Facebook algorithms, hidden spyware, and even old-fashioned nosy neighbors—surveillance has become so ubiquitous that we take its presence for granted. While many types of surveillance are pitched as ways to make us safer, almost no one has examined the unintended consequences of living under constant scrutiny and how it changes the way we think and feel about the world. In Under Surveillance, Randolph Lewis offers a highly original look at the emotional, ethical, and aesthetic challenges of living with surveillance in America since 9/11. Taking a broad and humanistic approach, Lewis explores the growth of surveillance in surprising places, such as childhood and nature. He traces the rise of businesses designed to provide surveillance and security, including those that cater to the Bible Belt's houses of worship. And he peers into the dark side of playful surveillance, such as eBay's online guide to "Fun with Surveillance Gadgets." A worried but ultimately genial guide to this landscape, Lewis helps us see the hidden costs of living in a "control society" in which surveillance is deemed essential to governance and business alike. Written accessibly for a general audience, Under Surveillance prompts us to think deeply about what Lewis calls "the soft tissue damage" inflicted by the culture of surveillance.

The Price of Vigilance

Download The Price of Vigilance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ballantine Books
ISBN 13 : 0345450159
Total Pages : 599 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (454 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Price of Vigilance by : Larry Tart

Download or read book The Price of Vigilance written by Larry Tart and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 2001-06-01 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent forced landing of a U.S. Navy EP-3 surveillance aircraft on Hainan Island after aerial harassment by Chinese fighters underscores that the dangers of the Cold War are not behind us. Reconnaissance-intelligence gathering-has always been one of the most highly secretive operations in the military. Men risk their lives with no recognition for themselves, flying missions that were almost always unarmed and typically pose as weather survey or training flights. Now the true stories of these brave young men can at last be told. Larry Tart and Robert Keefe, former USAF airborne recon men themselves, provide a gripping, unprecedented history of American surveillance planes shot down by China and Russia-from the opening salvoes of the Cold War to the most recent international standoff with China. Appearing here for the first time are many crucial documents, ranging from formerly highly classified U.S. files to conversations with Khrushchev and top secret reports from the Russian presidential archives. Along with previously unreleased military details, this meticulously researched book includes MiG fighter pilot transcripts and interviews with participants from both sides-including survivors of downed American planes. From the Baltic to the Bering Seas, from Armenia and Azerbaijan to China, Korea, and the Sea of Japan, these gripping accounts reveal the drama of what really happened to Americans shot down in hostile skies. The Price of Vigilance brings to life the harrowing ordeals faced by the steel-nerved crews, the diplomatic furor that erupts after shootdowns, and the grief and frustration of the families waiting at home-families who, most often, were never told what their loved ones were doing. Armed with the results of recent crash-site excavations, advanced DNA testing, and the reports of local witnesses who can finally reveal what they saw, Tart and Keefe have written a real-life thriller of the deadly cat-and-mouse game of intelligence gathering in the air and across enemy borders. The centerpiece of the book is the fate of USAF C-130 60528 and its crew of seventeen, shot down over Armenia on September 2, 1958, with no known survivors. Tart and Keefe also vividly describe other shootdowns, including the tense stand off between the U.S. and China after an American reconnaissance aircraft was forced to land on Hainan Island in April 2001. The Price of Vigilance pays moving tribute to the courage and patriotism of all the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy crews, including those captured and the more than two hundred who never returned. Larry Tart and Robert Keefe wish to publicly acknowledge to the families, and to the nation, that we will never forget their sacrifice.

Citizen Spies

Download Citizen Spies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1479894907
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Citizen Spies by : Joshua Reeves

Download or read book Citizen Spies written by Joshua Reeves and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of recruiting citizens to spy on each other in the United States. Ever since the revelations of whistleblower Edward Snowden, we think about surveillance as the data-tracking digital technologies used by the likes of Google, the National Security Administration, and the military. But in reality, the state and allied institutions have a much longer history of using everyday citizens to spy and inform on their peers. Citizen Spies shows how “If You See Something, Say Something” is more than just a new homeland security program; it has been an essential civic responsibility throughout the history of the United States. From the town crier of Colonial America to the recruitment of youth through “junior police,” to the rise of Neighborhood Watch, AMBER Alerts, and Emergency 9-1-1, Joshua Reeves explores how ordinary citizens have been taught to carry out surveillance on their peers. Emphasizing the role humans play as “seeing” and “saying” subjects, he demonstrates how American society has continuously fostered cultures of vigilance, suspicion, meddling, snooping, and snitching. Tracing the evolution of police crowd-sourcing from “Hue and Cry” posters and America’s Most Wanted to police-affiliated social media, as well as the U.S.’s recurrent anxieties about political dissidents and ethnic minorities from the Red Scare to the War on Terror, Reeves teases outhow vigilance toward neighbors has long been aligned with American ideals of patriotic and moral duty. Taking the long view of the history of the citizen spy, this book offers a much-needed perspective for those interested in how we arrived at our current moment in surveillance culture and contextualizes contemporary trends in policing.

The Watchers

Download The Watchers PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101195746
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Watchers by : Shane Harris

Download or read book The Watchers written by Shane Harris and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2010-02-18 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using exclusive access to key insiders, Shane Harris charts the rise of America's surveillance state over the past twenty-five years and highlights a dangerous paradox: Our government's strategy has made it harder to catch terrorists and easier to spy on the rest of us. Our surveillance state was born in the brain of Admiral John Poindexter in 1983. Poindexter, Reagan's National Security Advisor, realized that the United States might have prevented the terrorist massacre of 241 Marines in Beirut if only intelligence agencies had been able to analyze in real time data they had on the attackers. Poindexter poured government know-how and funds into his dream-a system that would sift reams of data for signs of terrorist activity. Decades later, that elusive dream still captivates Washington. After the 2001 attacks, Poindexter returned to government with a controversial program, called Total Information Awareness, to detect the next attack. Today it is a secretly funded operation that can gather personal information on every American and millions of others worldwide. But Poindexter's dream has also become America's nightmare. Despite billions of dollars spent on this digital quest since the Reagan era, we still can't discern future threats in the vast data cloud that surrounds us all. But the government can now spy on its citizens with an ease that was impossible-and illegal-just a few years ago. Drawing on unprecedented access to the people who pioneered this high-tech spycraft, Harris shows how it has shifted from the province of right- wing technocrats to a cornerstone of the Obama administration's war on terror. Harris puts us behind the scenes and in front of the screens where twenty-first-century spycraft was born. We witness Poindexter quietly working from the private sector to get government to buy in to his programs in the early nineties. We see an army major agonize as he carries out an order to delete the vast database he's gathered on possible terror cells-and on thousands of innocent Americans-months before 9/11. We follow General Mike Hayden as he persuades the Bush administration to secretly monitor Americans based on a flawed interpretation of the law. After Congress publicly bans the Total Information Awareness program in 2003, we watch as it is covertly shifted to a "black op," which protects it from public scrutiny. When the next crisis comes, our government will inevitably crack down on civil liberties, but it will be no better able to identify new dangers. This is the outcome of a dream first hatched almost three decades ago, and The Watchers is an engrossing, unnerving wake-up call.

Forever Suspect

Download Forever Suspect PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813588375
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Forever Suspect by : Saher Selod

Download or read book Forever Suspect written by Saher Selod and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The declaration of a “War on Terror” in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks brought sweeping changes to the American criminal justice and national security systems, as well as a massive shift in the American public opinion of both individual Muslims and the Islamic religion generally. Since that time, sociologist Saher Selod argues, Muslim Americans have experienced higher levels of racism in their everyday lives. In Forever Suspect, Selod shows how a specific American religious identity has acquired racial meanings, resulting in the hyper surveillance of Muslim citizens. Drawing on forty-eight in-depth interviews with South Asian and Arab Muslim Americans, she investigates how Muslim Americans are subjected to racialized surveillance in both an institutional context by the state and a social context by their neighbors and co-workers. Forever Suspect underscores how this newly racialized religious identity changes the social location of Arabs and South Asians on the racial hierarchy further away from whiteness and compromises their status as American citizens.

Searching Eyes

Download Searching Eyes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520253256
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Searching Eyes by : Amy L. Fairchild

Download or read book Searching Eyes written by Amy L. Fairchild and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2007-11-07 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This history of public health service in the United States spans more than a century of conflict and controversy with the authors situating the tension inherent in public health surveilance in a broad social and political context.

The Age of Surveillance Capitalism

Download The Age of Surveillance Capitalism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : PublicAffairs
ISBN 13 : 1610395700
Total Pages : 658 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (13 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Age of Surveillance Capitalism by : Shoshana Zuboff

Download or read book The Age of Surveillance Capitalism written by Shoshana Zuboff and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges to humanity posed by the digital future, the first detailed examination of the unprecedented form of power called "surveillance capitalism," and the quest by powerful corporations to predict and control our behavior. In this masterwork of original thinking and research, Shoshana Zuboff provides startling insights into the phenomenon that she has named surveillance capitalism. The stakes could not be higher: a global architecture of behavior modification threatens human nature in the twenty-first century just as industrial capitalism disfigured the natural world in the twentieth. Zuboff vividly brings to life the consequences as surveillance capitalism advances from Silicon Valley into every economic sector. Vast wealth and power are accumulated in ominous new "behavioral futures markets," where predictions about our behavior are bought and sold, and the production of goods and services is subordinated to a new "means of behavioral modification." The threat has shifted from a totalitarian Big Brother state to a ubiquitous digital architecture: a "Big Other" operating in the interests of surveillance capital. Here is the crucible of an unprecedented form of power marked by extreme concentrations of knowledge and free from democratic oversight. Zuboff's comprehensive and moving analysis lays bare the threats to twenty-first century society: a controlled "hive" of total connection that seduces with promises of total certainty for maximum profit -- at the expense of democracy, freedom, and our human future. With little resistance from law or society, surveillance capitalism is on the verge of dominating the social order and shaping the digital future -- if we let it.

Race, War, and Surveillance

Download Race, War, and Surveillance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253109329
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (531 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Race, War, and Surveillance by : Mark Ellis

Download or read book Race, War, and Surveillance written by Mark Ellis and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2001-07-26 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1917, black Americans reacted in various ways to the entry of the United States into World War I in the name of "Democracy." Some expressed loud support, many were indifferent, and others voiced outright opposition. All were agreed, however, that the best place to start guaranteeing freedom was at home. Almost immediately, rumors spread across the nation that German agents were engaged in "Negro Subversion" and that African Americans were potentially disloyal. Despite mounting a constant watch on black civilians, their newspapers, and their organizations, the domestic intelligence agents of the federal government failed to detect any black traitors or saboteurs. They did, however, find vigorous demands for equal rights to be granted and for the 30-year epidemic of lynching in the South to be eradicated. In Race, War, and Surveillance, Mark Ellis examines the interaction between the deep-seated fears of many white Americans about a possible race war and their profound ignorance about the black population. The result was a "black scare" that lasted well beyond the war years. Mark Ellis is Senior Lecturer in History at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland. June 2001 256 pages, 6 1/8 x 9 1/4, index, append. cloth 0-253-33923-5 $39.95 s / £30.50 Contents African Americans and the War for Democracy, 1917 The Wilson Administration and Black Opinion, 1917--1918 Black Doughboys The Surveillance of African American Leadership W. E. B. Du Bois, Joel E. Spingarn, and Military Intelligence Diplomacy and Demobilization, 1918--1919 Conclusion

Army Surveillance in America, 1775-1980

Download Army Surveillance in America, 1775-1980 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300046687
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (466 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Army Surveillance in America, 1775-1980 by : Joan M. Jensen

Download or read book Army Surveillance in America, 1775-1980 written by Joan M. Jensen and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looks at the role the Army has taken in keeping track of suspected spies, traitors, and revolutionaries, and describes how the federal government has used the Army to intervene in domestic problems

Spying on Americans

Download Spying on Americans PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Spying on Americans by : Athan G. Theoharis

Download or read book Spying on Americans written by Athan G. Theoharis and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive history of the abuses of the American domestic intelligence system from 1936 until May 1978. Drawing from the mountain of bureaucratic memos that Congressional committees and the Freedom of Information Act have pried loose, the author traces the step-by-step expansion of the authority of the FBI and other agencies to investigate the loyalty of American citizens exercising their civil liberties. In the process, he also shows the daily Washington struggle of top-level bureaucrats for power and programs. -- from Publisher description.

American Surveillance

Download American Surveillance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis American Surveillance by : Richard Gordon

Download or read book American Surveillance written by Richard Gordon and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of maquettes, proofs, and publicity ephemera for Richard Gordon's book, "American surveillance : someone to watch over me," published in 2009.

No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State by Glenn Greenwald…. Summarized

Download No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State by Glenn Greenwald…. Summarized PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : J.J. Holt
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State by Glenn Greenwald…. Summarized by : J.J. Holt

Download or read book No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State by Glenn Greenwald…. Summarized written by J.J. Holt and published by J.J. Holt. This book was released on 2014-05-25 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a summary of No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State by Glenn Greenwald…. Summarized by J.J. Holt

Surveillance and Terror in Post-9/11 British and American Television

Download Surveillance and Terror in Post-9/11 British and American Television PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030169006
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Surveillance and Terror in Post-9/11 British and American Television by : Darcie Rives-East

Download or read book Surveillance and Terror in Post-9/11 British and American Television written by Darcie Rives-East and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-18 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interdisciplinary study examines how state surveillance has preoccupied British and American television series in the twenty years since 9/11. Surveillance and Terror in Post-9/11 British and American Television illuminates how the U.S. and U.K., bound by an historical, cultural, and television partnership, have broadcast numerous programs centred on three state surveillance apparatuses tasked with protecting us from terrorism and criminal activity: the prison, the police, and the national intelligence agency. Drawing from a range of case studies, such as Sherlock, Orange is the New Black and The Night Manager, this book discusses how television allows viewers, writers, and producers to articulate fears about an increased erosion of privacy and civil liberties following 9/11, while simultaneously expressing a desire for a preventative mechanism that can stop such events occurring in the future. However, these concerns and desires are not new; encompassing surveillance narratives both past and present, this book demonstrates how television today builds on earlier narratives about panoptic power to construct our present understanding of government surveillance.

Creditworthy

Download Creditworthy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231544626
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Creditworthy by : Josh Lauer

Download or read book Creditworthy written by Josh Lauer and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-25 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first consumer credit bureaus appeared in the 1870s and quickly amassed huge archives of deeply personal information. Today, the three leading credit bureaus are among the most powerful institutions in modern life—yet we know almost nothing about them. Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion are multi-billion-dollar corporations that track our movements, spending behavior, and financial status. This data is used to predict our riskiness as borrowers and to judge our trustworthiness and value in a broad array of contexts, from insurance and marketing to employment and housing. In Creditworthy, the first comprehensive history of this crucial American institution, Josh Lauer explores the evolution of credit reporting from its nineteenth-century origins to the rise of the modern consumer data industry. By revealing the sophistication of early credit reporting networks, Creditworthy highlights the leading role that commercial surveillance has played—ahead of state surveillance systems—in monitoring the economic lives of Americans. Lauer charts how credit reporting grew from an industry that relied on personal knowledge of consumers to one that employs sophisticated algorithms to determine a person's trustworthiness. Ultimately, Lauer argues that by converting individual reputations into brief written reports—and, later, credit ratings and credit scores—credit bureaus did something more profound: they invented the modern concept of financial identity. Creditworthy reminds us that creditworthiness is never just about economic "facts." It is fundamentally concerned with—and determines—our social standing as an honest, reliable, profit-generating person.