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Author : B. A. Trakhtenbrot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (474 download)
Download or read book Algorithms and Automatic Computing Machines written by B. A. Trakhtenbrot and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Algorithms and Automatic Computing Machines written by Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : B. A. Trakhtenbrot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (5 download)
Download or read book Algorithms and Automatic Computing Machines written by B. A. Trakhtenbrot and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Algorithms and Automatic Computing Machines written by Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Algorithms and Automatic Computing Machines written by Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 101 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (749 download)
Download or read book Алгоритмы И Машинное Решение Задач. Algorithms and Automatic Computing Machines ... Translated and Adapted ... by Jerome Kristian, James D. McCawley, and Samuel A. Schmitt written by Boris Avraamovich Trakhtenbrot and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Topics in Mathematics written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark Priestley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848825552
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)
Download or read book A Science of Operations written by Mark Priestley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, computers fulfil a dazzling array of roles, a flexibility resulting from the great range of programs that can be run on them. A Science of Operations examines the history of what we now call programming, defined not simply as computer programming, but more broadly as the definition of the steps involved in computations and other information-processing activities. This unique perspective highlights how the history of programming is distinct from the history of the computer, despite the close relationship between the two in the 20th century. The book also discusses how the development of programming languages is related to disparate fields which attempted to give a mechanical account of language on the one hand, and a linguistic account of machines on the other. Topics and features: Covers the early development of automatic computing, including Babbage’s “mechanical calculating engines” and the applications of punched-card technology, examines the theoretical work of mathematical logicians such as Kleene, Church, Post and Turing, and the machines built by Zuse and Aiken in the 1930s and 1940s, discusses the role that logic played in the development of the stored program computer, describes the “standard model” of machine-code programming popularised by Maurice Wilkes, presents the complete table for the universal Turing machine in the Appendices, investigates the rise of the initiatives aimed at developing higher-level programming nota tions, and how these came to be thought of as ‘languages’ that could be studied independently of a machine, examines the importance of the Algol 60 language, and the framework it provided for studying the design of programming languages and the process of software development and explores the early development of object-oriented languages, with a focus on the Smalltalk project. This fascinating text offers a new viewpoint for historians of science and technology, as well as for the general reader. The historical narrative builds the story in a clear and logical fashion, roughly following chronological order.
Author : B. Jack Copeland
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 9780191524103
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (241 download)
Download or read book Alan Turing's Automatic Computing Engine : The Master Codebreaker's Struggle to build the Modern Computer written by B. Jack Copeland and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-04-14 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mathematical genius Alan Turing (1912-1954) was one of the greatest scientists and thinkers of the 20th century. Now well known for his crucial wartime role in breaking the ENIGMA code, he was the first to conceive of the fundamental principle of the modern computer-the idea of controlling a computing machine's operations by means of a program of coded instructions, stored in the machine's 'memory'. In 1945 Turing drew up his revolutionary design for an electronic computing machine-his Automatic Computing Engine ('ACE'). A pilot model of the ACE ran its first program in 1950 and the production version, the 'DEUCE', went on to become a cornerstone of the fledgling British computer industry. The first 'personal' computer was based on Turing's ACE. Alan Turing's Automatic Computing Engine describes Turing's struggle to build the modern computer. The first detailed history of Turing's contributions to computer science, this text is essential reading for anyone interested in the history of the computer and the history of mathematics. It contains first hand accounts by Turing and by the pioneers of computing who worked with him. As well as relating the story of the invention of the computer, the book clearly describes the hardware and software of the ACE-including the very first computer programs. The book is intended to be accessible to everyone with an interest in computing, and contains numerous diagrams and illustrations as well as original photographs. The book contains chapters describing Turing's path-breaking research in the fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Artificial Life (A-Life). The book has an extensive system of hyperlinks to The Turing Archive for the History of Computing, an on-line library of digital facsimiles of typewritten documents by Turing and the other scientists who pioneered the electronic computer.
Author : Arnon Avron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540781269
Total Pages : 699 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)
Download or read book Pillars of Computer Science written by Arnon Avron and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-08 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Person 1 Boris Abramovich Trakhtenbrot ( ) - his Hebrew given name is Boaz ( ) - is universally admired as a founding - ther and long-standing pillar of the discipline of computer science. He is the ?eld's preeminent distinguished researcher and a most illustrious trailblazer and disseminator. He is unmatched in combining farsighted vision, unfaltering c- mitment, masterful command of the ?eld, technical virtuosity, aesthetic expr- sion, eloquent clarity, and creative vigor with humility and devotion to students and colleagues. For over half a century, Trakhtenbrot has been making seminal contributions to virtually all of the central aspects of theoretical computer science, inaugur- ing numerous new areas of investigation. He has displayed an almost prophetic ability to foresee directions that are destined to take center stage, a decade or morebeforeanyoneelsetakesnotice.Hehasneverbeentempted toslowdownor limithisresearchtoareasofendeavorinwhichhehasalreadyearnedrecognition and honor. Rather, he continues to probe the limits and position himself at the vanguard of a rapidly developing ?eld, while remaining, as always, unassuming and open-minded.
Author : Peter J. Denning
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262536560
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Computational Thinking written by Peter J. Denning and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to computational thinking that traces a genealogy beginning centuries before the digital computer. A few decades into the digital era, scientists discovered that thinking in terms of computation made possible an entirely new way of organizing scientific investigation; eventually, every field had a computational branch: computational physics, computational biology, computational sociology. More recently, “computational thinking” has become part of the K–12 curriculum. But what is computational thinking? This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers an accessible overview, tracing a genealogy that begins centuries before digital computers and portraying computational thinking as pioneers of computing have described it. The authors explain that computational thinking (CT) is not a set of concepts for programming; it is a way of thinking that is honed through practice: the mental skills for designing computations to do jobs for us, and for explaining and interpreting the world as a complex of information processes. Mathematically trained experts (known as “computers”) who performed complex calculations as teams engaged in CT long before electronic computers. The authors identify six dimensions of today's highly developed CT—methods, machines, computing education, software engineering, computational science, and design—and cover each in a chapter. Along the way, they debunk inflated claims for CT and computation while making clear the power of CT in all its complexity and multiplicity.
Author : Chris Bernhardt
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262034549
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Turing's Vision written by Chris Bernhardt and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1936, when he was just twenty-four years old, Alan Turing wrote a remarkable paper in which he outlined the theory of computation, laying out the ideas that underlie all modern computers. This groundbreaking and powerful theory now forms the basis of computer science. In Turing's Vision, Chris Bernhardt explains the theory, Turing's most important contribution, for the general reader. Bernhardt argues that the strength of Turing's theory is its simplicity, and that, explained in a straightforward manner, it is eminently understandable by the nonspecialist. As Marvin Minsky writes, "The sheer simplicity of the theory's foundation and extraordinary short path from this foundation to its logical and surprising conclusions give the theory a mathematical beauty that alone guarantees it a permanent place in computer theory." Bernhardt begins with the foundation and systematically builds to the surprising conclusions. He also views Turing's theory in the context of mathematical history, other views of computation (including those of Alonzo Church), Turing's later work, and the birth of the modern computer. In the paper, "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem," Turing thinks carefully about how humans perform computation, breaking it down into a sequence of steps, and then constructs theoretical machines capable of performing each step. Turing wanted to show that there were problems that were beyond any computer's ability to solve; in particular, he wanted to find a decision problem that he could prove was undecidable. To explain Turing's ideas, Bernhardt examines three well-known decision problems to explore the concept of undecidability; investigates theoretical computing machines, including Turing machines; explains universal machines; and proves that certain problems are undecidable, including Turing's problem concerning computable numbers.
Author : Ivan S. Horabin
Publisher : Educational Technology
ISBN 13 : 9780877781066
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Algorithms written by Ivan S. Horabin and published by Educational Technology. This book was released on 1978 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : others
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191625868
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)
Download or read book Alan Turing's Electronic Brain written by others and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mathematical genius Alan Turing, now well known for his crucial wartime role in breaking the ENIGMA code, was the first to conceive of the fundamental principle of the modern computer-the idea of controlling a computing machine's operations by means of a program of coded instructions, stored in the machine's 'memory'. In 1945 Turing drew up his revolutionary design for an electronic computing machine-his Automatic Computing Engine ('ACE'). A pilot model of the ACE ran its first program in 1950 and the production version, the 'DEUCE', went on to become a cornerstone of the fledgling British computer industry. The first 'personal' computer was based on Turing's ACE. Alan Turing's Automatic Computing Engine describes Turing's struggle to build the modern computer. The first detailed history of Turing's contributions to computer science, this text is essential reading for anyone interested in the history of the computer and the history of mathematics. It contains first hand accounts by Turing and by the pioneers of computing who worked with him. As well as relating the story of the invention of the computer, the book clearly describes the hardware and software of the ACE-including the very first computer programs. The book is intended to be accessible to everyone with an interest in computing, and contains numerous diagrams and illustrations as well as original photographs. The book contains chapters describing Turing's path-breaking research in the fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Artificial Life (A-Life). The book has an extensive system of hyperlinks to The Turing Archive for the History of Computing, an on-line library of digital facsimiles of typewritten documents by Turing and the other scientists who pioneered the electronic computer.
Author : Christopher Steiner
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101572159
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Automate This written by Christopher Steiner and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rousing story of the last gasp of human agency and how today’s best and brightest minds are endeavoring to put an end to it. It used to be that to diagnose an illness, interpret legal documents, analyze foreign policy, or write a newspaper article you needed a human being with specific skills—and maybe an advanced degree or two. These days, high-level tasks are increasingly being handled by algorithms that can do precise work not only with speed but also with nuance. These “bots” started with human programming and logic, but now their reach extends beyond what their creators ever expected. In this fascinating, frightening book, Christopher Steiner tells the story of how algorithms took over—and shows why the “bot revolution” is about to spill into every aspect of our lives, often silently, without our knowledge. The May 2010 “Flash Crash” exposed Wall Street’s reliance on trading bots to the tune of a 998-point market drop and $1 trillion in vanished market value. But that was just the beginning. In Automate This, we meet bots that are driving cars, penning haiku, and writing music mistaken for Bach’s. They listen in on our customer service calls and figure out what Iran would do in the event of a nuclear standoff. There are algorithms that can pick out the most cohesive crew of astronauts for a space mission or identify the next Jeremy Lin. Some can even ingest statistics from baseball games and spit out pitch-perfect sports journalism indistinguishable from that produced by humans. The interaction of man and machine can make our lives easier. But what will the world look like when algorithms control our hospitals, our roads, our culture, and our national security? What happens to businesses when we automate judgment and eliminate human instinct? And what role will be left for doctors, lawyers, writers, truck drivers, and many others? Who knows—maybe there’s a bot learning to do your job this minute.
Author : George Stiny
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520034679
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (346 download)
Download or read book Algorithmic Aesthetics written by George Stiny and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1978-01-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Donald Arthur Waterman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Machine Learning of Heuristics written by Donald Arthur Waterman and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First, a method of representing heuristics as production rules is developed which facilitates dynamic manipulation of the heuristics by the program embodying them. This representation technique permits separation of the heuristics from the program proper, provides clear identification of individual heuristics, is compatible with generalization schemes, and expedites the process of obtaining decisions from the system. Second, procedures are developed which permit a problem-solving program employing heuristics in production rule form to learn to improve its performance by evaluating and modifying existing heuristics and hypothesizing new ones, either during a special training process or during normal program operation. Third, the abovementioned representation and learning techniques are reformulated in the light of existing stimulus-response theories of learning, and five different S-R models of human heuristic learning in problem-solving environments are constructed and examined in detail. Experimental designs for testing these information processing models are also proposed and discussed. Finally, the feasibility of using the aforementioned representation and learning techniques in a complex problem-solving situation is demonstrated by applying these techniques to the problem of making the bet decision in draw poker. This application, involving the construction of a computer program, demonstrates that few production rules or training trials are needed to produce a thorough and effective set of heuristics for draw poker. (Author).
