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Algorithms And Architectures For Cryptography And Source Coding In Non Volatile Flash Memories
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Book Synopsis Algorithms and Architectures for Cryptography and Source Coding in Non-Volatile Flash Memories by : Malek Safieh
Download or read book Algorithms and Architectures for Cryptography and Source Coding in Non-Volatile Flash Memories written by Malek Safieh and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, algorithms and architectures for cryptography and source coding are developed, which are suitable for many resource-constrained embedded systems such as non-volatile flash memories. A new concept for elliptic curve cryptography is presented, which uses an arithmetic over Gaussian integers. Gaussian integers are a subset of the complex numbers with integers as real and imaginary parts. Ordinary modular arithmetic over Gaussian integers is computational expensive. To reduce the complexity, a new arithmetic based on the Montgomery reduction is presented. For the elliptic curve point multiplication, this arithmetic over Gaussian integers improves the computational efficiency, the resistance against side channel attacks, and reduces the memory requirements. Furthermore, an efficient variant of the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm for universal lossless data compression is investigated. Instead of one LZW dictionary, this algorithm applies several dictionaries to speed up the encoding process. Two dictionary partitioning techniques are introduced that improve the compression rate and reduce the memory size of this parallel dictionary LZW algorithm. About the Author Malek Safieh is a research scientist in the field of cryptography and data compression.
Book Synopsis Algorithms and Architectures for Cryptography and Source Coding in Non-Volatile Flash Memories by : Malek Safieh
Download or read book Algorithms and Architectures for Cryptography and Source Coding in Non-Volatile Flash Memories written by Malek Safieh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-09 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, algorithms and architectures for cryptography and source coding are developed, which are suitable for many resource-constrained embedded systems such as non-volatile flash memories. A new concept for elliptic curve cryptography is presented, which uses an arithmetic over Gaussian integers. Gaussian integers are a subset of the complex numbers with integers as real and imaginary parts. Ordinary modular arithmetic over Gaussian integers is computational expensive. To reduce the complexity, a new arithmetic based on the Montgomery reduction is presented. For the elliptic curve point multiplication, this arithmetic over Gaussian integers improves the computational efficiency, the resistance against side channel attacks, and reduces the memory requirements. Furthermore, an efficient variant of the Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm for universal lossless data compression is investigated. Instead of one LZW dictionary, this algorithm applies several dictionaries to speed up the encoding process. Two dictionary partitioning techniques are introduced that improve the compression rate and reduce the memory size of this parallel dictionary LZW algorithm.
Book Synopsis Channel and Source Coding for Non-Volatile Flash Memories by : Mohammed Rajab
Download or read book Channel and Source Coding for Non-Volatile Flash Memories written by Mohammed Rajab and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mohammed Rajab proposes different technologies like the error correction coding (ECC), sources coding and offset calibration that aim to improve the reliability of the NAND flash memory with low implementation costs for industrial application. The author examines different ECC schemes based on concatenated codes like generalized concatenated codes (GCC) which are applicable for NAND flash memories by using the hard and soft input decoding. Furthermore, different data compression schemes are examined in order to reduce the write amplification effect and also to improve the error correct capability of the ECC by combining both schemes.
Book Synopsis Embedded Systems Architecture by : Daniele Lacamera
Download or read book Embedded Systems Architecture written by Daniele Lacamera and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2023-01-13 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design safe and reliable software for embedded systems and explore the internals of device drivers, RTOS, and TEE Key Features Identify and overcome challenges in embedded environments Understand and implement the steps required to increase the security of IoT solutions Build safety-critical and memory-safe parallel and distributed embedded systems Book DescriptionEmbedded Systems Architecture begins with a bird’s-eye view of embedded development and how it differs from the other systems that you may be familiar with. This book will help you get the hang of the internal working of various components in real-world systems. You’ll start by setting up a development environment and then move on to the core system architectural concepts, exploring system designs, boot-up mechanisms, and memory management. As you progress through the topics, you’ll explore the programming interface and device drivers to establish communication via TCP/IP and take measures to increase the security of IoT solutions. Finally, you’ll be introduced to multithreaded operating systems through the development of a scheduler and the use of hardware-assisted trusted execution mechanisms. With the help of this book, you will gain the confidence to work with embedded systems at an architectural level and become familiar with various aspects of embedded software development on microcontrollers—such as memory management, multithreading, and RTOS—an approach oriented to memory isolation.What you will learn Participate in the design and definition phase of an embedded product Get to grips with writing code for ARM Cortex-M microcontrollers Build an embedded development lab and optimize the workflow Secure embedded systems with TLS Demystify the architecture behind the communication interfaces Understand the design and development patterns for connected and distributed devices in the IoT Master multitasking parallel execution patterns and real-time operating systems Become familiar with Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) Who this book is for If you're a software developer or designer looking to learn about embedded programming, this is the book for you. You’ll also find this book useful if you’re a beginner or a less experienced embedded programmer on a quest to expand your knowledge on embedded systems.
Book Synopsis Coding for Flash Memories by : Eitan Yaakobi
Download or read book Coding for Flash Memories written by Eitan Yaakobi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flash memories are, by far, the most important type of non-volatile memory in use today. They are employed widely in mobile, embedded, and mass-storage applications, and the growth in this sector continues at a staggering pace. Moreover, since flash memories do not suffer from the mechanical limitations of magnetic disk drives, solid-state drives have the potential to upstage the magnetic recording industry in the foreseeable future. The research goal of this dissertation is the discovery of new coding theory methods that supports efficient design of flash memories. Flash memory is comprised of blocks of cells, wherein each cell can take on q>̲ 2 levels. While increasing the cell level is easy, reducing its level can be accomplished only by erasing an entire block. Such block erasures are not only time-consuming, but also degrade the memory lifetime. Our main contribution in this research is the design of rewriting codes that maximize the number of times that information can be written prior to incurring a block erasure. Examples of such coding schemes are flash/floating codes and buffer codes, introduced by Jiang and Bruck et al. in 2007, and WOM-codes that were presented by Rivest and Shamir almost three decades ago. The overall goal in these codes is to maximize the amount of information written to a fixed number of cells in a fixed number of writes. Furthermore, the design of error-correcting codes in flash memories is extensively studied. It is shown how to modify WOM-codes to support an error-correction capability. Motivated by the asymmetry of the error behavior of flash memories and the work by Cassuto et al., a coding scheme to correct asymmetric errors is presented. An extensive empirical database of errors was used to develop a comprehensive understanding of the error behavior as well as to design specific error-correcting codes for flash memories. This research on flash memories is expanded to other directions. Wear leveling techniques are widely used in flash memories in order to reduce and balance block erasures. It is shown that coding schemes to be used in these techniques can significantly reduce the number block erasures incurred during data movement. Also, the design of parallel cell programming algorithms is studied for the specific constraints and behavior of flash cells.
Book Synopsis Combined Source and Channel Coding for Non-volatile Flash Memories (kombinierte Quellen- und Kanalcodierung Für Flash-Speicher) by : Jürgen Freudenberger
Download or read book Combined Source and Channel Coding for Non-volatile Flash Memories (kombinierte Quellen- und Kanalcodierung Für Flash-Speicher) written by Jürgen Freudenberger and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coding Techniques for Error Correction and Rewriting in Flash Memories by : Shoeb Ahmed Mohammed
Download or read book Coding Techniques for Error Correction and Rewriting in Flash Memories written by Shoeb Ahmed Mohammed and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flash memories have become the main type of non-volatile memories. They are widely used in mobile, embedded and mass-storage devices. Flash memories store data in floating-gate cells, where the amount of charge stored in cells 0́3 called cell levels 0́3 is used to represent data. To reduce the level of any cell, a whole cell block (about 106 cells) must be erased together and then reprogrammed. This operation, called block erasure, is very costly and brings significant challenges to cell programming and rewriting of data. To address these challenges, rank modulation and rewriting codes have been proposed for reliably storing and modifying data. However, for these new schemes, many problems still remain open. In this work, we study error-correcting rank-modulation codes and rewriting codes for flash memories. For the rank modulation scheme, we study a family of one- error-correcting codes, and present efficient encoding and decoding algorithms. For rewriting, we study a family of linear write-once memory (WOM) codes, and present an effective algorithm for rewriting using the codes. We analyze the performance of our solutions for both schemes.
Book Synopsis Intelligent Computing by : Kohei Arai
Download or read book Intelligent Computing written by Kohei Arai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-05 with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive collection of chapters focusing on the core areas of computing and their further applications in the real world. Each chapter is a paper presented at the Computing Conference 2021 held on 15-16 July 2021. Computing 2021 attracted a total of 638 submissions which underwent a double-blind peer review process. Of those 638 submissions, 235 submissions have been selected to be included in this book. The goal of this conference is to give a platform to researchers with fundamental contributions and to be a premier venue for academic and industry practitioners to share new ideas and development experiences. We hope that readers find this volume interesting and valuable as it provides the state-of-the-art intelligent methods and techniques for solving real-world problems. We also expect that the conference and its publications is a trigger for further related research and technology improvements in this important subject.
Book Synopsis Emerging Non-Volatile Memories by : Seungbum Hong
Download or read book Emerging Non-Volatile Memories written by Seungbum Hong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-18 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the fundamentals of emerging non-volatile memories and provides an overview of future trends in the field. Readers will find coverage of seven important memory technologies, including Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM), Ferromagnetic RAM (FMRAM), Multiferroic RAM (MFRAM), Phase-Change Memories (PCM), Oxide-based Resistive RAM (RRAM), Probe Storage, and Polymer Memories. Chapters are structured to reflect diffusions and clashes between different topics. Emerging Non-Volatile Memories is an ideal book for graduate students, faculty, and professionals working in the area of non-volatile memory. This book also: Covers key memory technologies, including Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FeRAM), Ferromagnetic RAM (FMRAM), and Multiferroic RAM (MFRAM), among others. Provides an overview of non-volatile memory fundamentals. Broadens readers’ understanding of future trends in non-volatile memories.
Book Synopsis 3D Flash Memories by : Rino Micheloni
Download or read book 3D Flash Memories written by Rino Micheloni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book walks the reader through the next step in the evolution of NAND flash memory technology, namely the development of 3D flash memories, in which multiple layers of memory cells are grown within the same piece of silicon. It describes their working principles, device architectures, fabrication techniques and practical implementations, and highlights why 3D flash is a brand new technology. After reviewing market trends for both NAND and solid state drives (SSDs), the book digs into the details of the flash memory cell itself, covering both floating gate and emerging charge trap technologies. There is a plethora of different materials and vertical integration schemes out there. New memory cells, new materials, new architectures (3D Stacked, BiCS and P-BiCS, 3D FG, 3D VG, 3D advanced architectures); basically, each NAND manufacturer has its own solution. Chapter 3 to chapter 7 offer a broad overview of how 3D can materialize. The 3D wave is impacting emerging memories as well and chapter 8 covers 3D RRAM (resistive RAM) crosspoint arrays. Visualizing 3D structures can be a challenge for the human brain: this is way all these chapters contain a lot of bird’s-eye views and cross sections along the 3 axes. The second part of the book is devoted to other important aspects, such as advanced packaging technology (i.e. TSV in chapter 9) and error correction codes, which have been leveraged to improve flash reliability for decades. Chapter 10 describes the evolution from legacy BCH to the most recent LDPC codes, while chapter 11 deals with some of the most recent advancements in the ECC field. Last but not least, chapter 12 looks at 3D flash memories from a system perspective. Is 14nm the last step for planar cells? Can 100 layers be integrated within the same piece of silicon? Is 4 bit/cell possible with 3D? Will 3D be reliable enough for enterprise and datacenter applications? These are some of the questions that this book helps answering by providing insights into 3D flash memory design, process technology and applications.
Book Synopsis Principles of Secure Processor Architecture Design by : Jakub Szefer
Download or read book Principles of Secure Processor Architecture Design written by Jakub Szefer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With growing interest in computer security and the protection of the code and data which execute on commodity computers, the amount of hardware security features in today's processors has increased significantly over the recent years. No longer of just academic interest, security features inside processors have been embraced by industry as well, with a number of commercial secure processor architectures available today. This book aims to give readers insights into the principles behind the design of academic and commercial secure processor architectures. Secure processor architecture research is concerned with exploring and designing hardware features inside computer processors, features which can help protect confidentiality and integrity of the code and data executing on the processor. Unlike traditional processor architecture research that focuses on performance, efficiency, and energy as the first-order design objectives, secure processor architecture design has security as the first-order design objective (while still keeping the others as important design aspects that need to be considered). This book aims to present the different challenges of secure processor architecture design to graduate students interested in research on architecture and hardware security and computer architects working in industry interested in adding security features to their designs. It aims to educate readers about how the different challenges have been solved in the past and what are the best practices, i.e., the principles, for design of new secure processor architectures. Based on the careful review of past work by many computer architects and security researchers, readers also will come to know the five basic principles needed for secure processor architecture design. The book also presents existing research challenges and potential new research directions. Finally, this book presents numerous design suggestions, as well as discusses pitfalls and fallacies that designers should avoid.
Book Synopsis IBM FlashSystem 5200 Product Guide by : Aldo Araujo Fonseca
Download or read book IBM FlashSystem 5200 Product Guide written by Aldo Araujo Fonseca and published by IBM Redbooks. This book was released on 2022-07-22 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This IBM® Redbooks® Product Guide publication describes the IBM FlashSystem® 5200 solution, which is a next-generation IBM FlashSystem control enclosure. It is an NVMe end-to-end platform that is targeted at the entry and midrange market and delivers the full capabilities of IBM FlashCore® technology. It also provides a rich set of software-defined storage (SDS) features that are delivered by IBM Spectrum® Virtualize, including the following features: Data reduction and deduplication Dynamic tiering Thin provisioning Snapshots Cloning Replication Data copy services Transparent Cloud Tiering IBM HyperSwap® including 3-site replication for high availability (HA) Scale-out and scale-up configurations further enhance capacity and throughput for better availability. The IBM FlashSystem 5200 is a high-performance storage solution that is based on a revolutionary 1U form factor. It consists of 12 NVMe Flash Devices in a 1U storage enclosure drawer with full redundant canister components and no single point of failure. It is designed for businesses of all sizes, including small, remote, branch offices and regional clients. It is a smarter, self-optimizing solution that requires less management, which enables organizations to overcome their storage challenges. Flash has come of age and price point reductions mean that lower parts of the storage market are seeing the value of moving over to flash and NVMe--based solutions. The IBM FlashSystem 5200 advances this transition by providing incredibly dense tiers of flash in a more affordable package. With the benefit of IBM FlashCore Module compression and new QLC flash-based technology becoming available, a compelling argument exists to move away from Nearline SAS storage and on to NVMe. With the release of IBM FlashSystem 5200 Software V8.4, extra functions and features are available, including support for new Distributed RAID1 (DRAID1) features, GUI enhancements, Redirect-on-write for Data Reduction Pool (DRP) snapshots, and 3-site replication capabilities. This book is aimed at pre-sales and post-sales technical support and marketing and storage administrators.
Book Synopsis Embedded Flash Memory for Embedded Systems: Technology, Design for Sub-systems, and Innovations by : Hideto Hidaka
Download or read book Embedded Flash Memory for Embedded Systems: Technology, Design for Sub-systems, and Innovations written by Hideto Hidaka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-09 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to embedded flash memory, describing the history, current status, and future projections for technology, circuits, and systems applications. The authors describe current main-stream embedded flash technologies from floating-gate 1Tr, floating-gate with split-gate (1.5Tr), and 1Tr/1.5Tr SONOS flash technologies and their successful creation of various applications. Comparisons of these embedded flash technologies and future projections are also provided. The authors demonstrate a variety of embedded applications for auto-motive, smart-IC cards, and low-power, representing the leading-edge technology developments for eFlash. The discussion also includes insights into future prospects of application-driven non-volatile memory technology in the era of smart advanced automotive system, such as ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) and IoE (Internet of Everything). Trials on technology convergence and future prospects of embedded non-volatile memory in the new memory hierarchy are also described. Introduces the history of embedded flash memory technology for micro-controller products and how embedded flash innovations developed; Includes comprehensive and detailed descriptions of current main-stream embedded flash memory technologies, sub-system designs and applications; Explains why embedded flash memory requirements are different from those of stand-alone flash memory and how to achieve specific goals with technology development and circuit designs; Describes a mature and stable floating-gate 1Tr cell technology imported from stand-alone flash memory products - that then introduces embedded-specific split-gate memory cell technologies based on floating-gate storage structure and charge-trapping SONOS technology and their eFlash sub-system designs; Describes automotive and smart-IC card applications requirements and achievements in advanced eFlash beyond 4 0nm node.
Book Synopsis VLSI Architecture by : Brian Randell
Download or read book VLSI Architecture written by Brian Randell and published by Prentice Hall International (UK). This book was released on 1983 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flash Memories by : Paulo Cappelletti
Download or read book Flash Memories written by Paulo Cappelletti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Flash memory is a Non Volatile Memory (NVM) whose "unit cells" are fabricated in CMOS technology and programmed and erased electrically. In 1971, Frohman-Bentchkowsky developed a folating polysilicon gate tran sistor [1, 2], in which hot electrons were injected in the floating gate and removed by either Ultra-Violet (UV) internal photoemission or by Fowler Nordheim tunneling. This is the "unit cell" of EPROM (Electrically Pro grammable Read Only Memory), which, consisting of a single transistor, can be very densely integrated. EPROM memories are electrically programmed and erased by UV exposure for 20-30 mins. In the late 1970s, there have been many efforts to develop an electrically erasable EPROM, which resulted in EEPROMs (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROMs). EEPROMs use hot electron tunneling for program and Fowler-Nordheim tunneling for erase. The EEPROM cell consists of two transistors and a tunnel oxide, thus it is two or three times the size of an EPROM. Successively, the combination of hot carrier programming and tunnel erase was rediscovered to achieve a single transistor EEPROM, called Flash EEPROM. The first cell based on this concept has been presented in 1979 [3]; the first commercial product, a 256K memory chip, has been presented by Toshiba in 1984 [4]. The market did not take off until this technology was proven to be reliable and manufacturable [5].
Book Synopsis Bootstrapping Trust in Modern Computers by : Bryan Parno
Download or read book Bootstrapping Trust in Modern Computers written by Bryan Parno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-27 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trusting a computer for a security-sensitive task (such as checking email or banking online) requires the user to know something about the computer's state. We examine research on securely capturing a computer's state, and consider the utility of this information both for improving security on the local computer (e.g., to convince the user that her computer is not infected with malware) and for communicating a remote computer's state (e.g., to enable the user to check that a web server will adequately protect her data). Although the recent "Trusted Computing" initiative has drawn both positive and negative attention to this area, we consider the older and broader topic of bootstrapping trust in a computer. We cover issues ranging from the wide collection of secure hardware that can serve as a foundation for trust, to the usability issues that arise when trying to convey computer state information to humans. This approach unifies disparate research efforts and highlights opportunities for additional work that can guide real-world improvements in computer security.
Book Synopsis Electrical & Electronics Abstracts by :
Download or read book Electrical & Electronics Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
