Advances In Mast Cell Physiology And Mast Cell Driven Diseases

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Advances in Mast Cell Physiology and Mast Cell-Driven Diseases

Author : Carlo Pucillo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832538541
Total Pages : 157 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Mast Cell Physiology and Mast Cell-Driven Diseases by : Carlo Pucillo

Download or read book Advances in Mast Cell Physiology and Mast Cell-Driven Diseases written by Carlo Pucillo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-22 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mast cells (MCs) are tissue-resident, innate immune cells with heterogenous phenotypes imprinted by cytokines, growth factors, and other stimuli in their immediate microenvironment. Populating tissues in several waves including during fetal development, in adults bone marrow-derived progenitor cells circulate in the blood and migrate and differentiate into mature MCs in tissue. MCs are abundantly present in the skin and mucosal tissues but can be found in virtually all organs often increasing in numbers during inflammation. MCs are key effectors in IgE-associated immune responses, including allergic disorders and associated protective immune responses. They release a variety of mediators acting on immune and non-immune cells, including nerve cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and epithelial cells. MCs, via the expression of numerous other receptors, can be triggered by many other stimuli including TLR ligands, complement, and neuropeptides etc. Playing a protective role in parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections but also venom and toxin neutralization, MCs are best known for their role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Several lines of evidence have implicated MCs in the development of autoimmune diseases and a whole variety of chronic inflammatory disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, urticaria, mastocytosis, and several cancers. The manifestations of MC-driven disease are considered to be a consequence of an inappropriate activation of MC immune responses which have evolved to protect the body against a host of pathogens and perhaps toxins.

Mast Cells

Author : Guha Krishnaswamy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592599672
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cells by : Guha Krishnaswamy

Download or read book Mast Cells written by Guha Krishnaswamy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cutting-edge collection of readily reproducible techniques for the isolation, culture, and study of activation and signaling in human mast cells. These methods take advantage of the latest advances in molecular biology, technology, and information science. They include methods for the identification of mast cells, the development of mast cells in vitro, the study of mast cell signaling and gene expression, and the measurement of mast cell expression of inflammatory mediators. Additional chapters cover methods for studying mast cell interactions with other cell types (endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and B cells), the roles of mast cells in host defense, and mast cell apoptosis.

Mast Cells

Author : David B. Murray
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781626181663
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (816 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cells by : David B. Murray

Download or read book Mast Cells written by David B. Murray and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resident mast cells are uniquely positioned in multiple organ systems at either the tissue and/or external environment or located near nerve endings and/or blood vessels. These locations allow the mast cell to serve as a sentinel and thus play a critical role in not only inflammatory situations to promote recruitment and infiltration of other immune cells, but also homeostatic maintenance. Although mast cells have several conserved characteristics, the authors provide evidence that the micro-environment influenced differences in the phenotype of tissue-specific mast cells, control the various responses to injury, inflammation and remodelling. This book brings together the work from experts across multiple tissue/organ systems and inflammatory causes (viral, bacterial, and auto-immune) to present the most up to date knowledge regarding the role of mast cells in these regulatory and disease events.

Mast Cell Biology

Author : Alasdair M. Gilfillan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441995331
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cell Biology by : Alasdair M. Gilfillan

Download or read book Mast Cell Biology written by Alasdair M. Gilfillan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editors of Mast Cell Biology, Drs. Gilfillan and Metcalfe, have enlisted an outstanding group of investigators to discuss the emerging concepts in mast cell biology with respect to development of these cells, their homeostasis, their activation, as well as their roles in maintaining health on the one hand and on the other, their participation in disease.

Mast Cells and Mastocytosis

Author : Cem Akin
Publisher : Saunders
ISBN 13 : 9781416038085
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cells and Mastocytosis by : Cem Akin

Download or read book Mast Cells and Mastocytosis written by Cem Akin and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mast cell activation is a central event in development of allergic disorders and contribute to pathogenesis of many other inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Improved understanding of normal and pathologic mechanisms regulating mast cell differentiation, survival and activation may therefore lead to development of new therapies for these disorders. A number of important breakthroughs have recently been realized in our understanding of mastocytosis, a disorder characterized by pathologic mast cell growth and activation. Significant advances were made in such key areas as uncovering genetic basis of disease, establishment of objective diagnostic criteria, and emergence of novel treatment concepts based on its molecular pathogenesis. This issue of the Clinics brings together many of the experts who made these breakthroughs in mast cell biology and mastocytosis possible.

The Mast Cell in Health and Disease

Author : Kaliner
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824787325
Total Pages : 928 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mast Cell in Health and Disease by : Kaliner

Download or read book The Mast Cell in Health and Disease written by Kaliner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-10-29 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers coverage of practical and theoretical implications of current research into mast cell biology, emphasizing the role of the mast cell in human diseases. The text covers all aspects of the mast cell from growth and differentiation to its function in such conditions as asthma and skin disease.

Mast Cells

Author : Guha Krishnaswamy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781280358746
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (587 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cells by : Guha Krishnaswamy

Download or read book Mast Cells written by Guha Krishnaswamy and published by . This book was released on with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mast cell, long implicated in causing allergic reactions, may also be involved in many other disease processes, including cancer, heart disease, parasitic disease, atherosclerosis, asthma, and arthritis. In Mast Cells: Methods and Protocols, hands-on experts describe in detail their best techniques for the isolation, culture, and study of both activation and signaling in human mast cells. These readily reproducible methods take advantage of the latest advances in molecular biology, technology, and information science. The techniques provide a sound base of methodology for mast cell research and include methods for the identification of mast cells, the development of mast cells in vitro, the study of mast cell signaling and gene expression, and the measurement of mast cell expression of inflammatory mediators. Additional chapters cover methods for studying mast cell interactions with other cell types (endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and B cells), the roles of mast cells in host defense, and mast cell apoptosis. A survey of mast cell biology offers insight into its history and the implications for adaptive immunity. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and highly practical, Mast Cells: Methods and Protocols provides mast cell researchers with reproducible accounts of basic and advanced molecular and cellular techniques used in studying this fascinating, multifunctional cell.

The Mast Cell

Author : Domenico Ribatti
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030241904
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mast Cell by : Domenico Ribatti

Download or read book The Mast Cell written by Domenico Ribatti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mast cells (MC) are phylogenetically old cells which are distributed throughout the human organism. MC are found in almost all of the major organs and tissues of the body, particularly in association with connective tissue structures such as blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves, and in proximity to surfaces that interface the external environment, such as those of the respiratory and gastrointestinal system and the skin. This selective accumulation at tissue sites where foreign material attempts to invade the host suggests that MC are among the first cells to initiate defensive mechanisms. MC have long been recognized as key cells of type I hypersensitivity reactions. Several lines of evidence, however, indicate that they not only express critical effector functions in classic IgE-associated allergic disorders, but also play important roles in host defense against parasites, bacteria and perhaps even viruses. Indeed, it is now clear that MC can contribute to host defense in the context of either acquired or innate immune responses through the release of a myriad of pro-inflammatory and immunoregulatory molecules and the expression of a wide spectrum of surface receptors for cytokines and chemokines. Moreover, there is growing evidence that MC exert distinct non-immunological functions, playing a relevant role in tissue homeostasis, remodeling and fibrosis as well as in the processes of tissue angiogenesis.

Human Mast Cells

Author : Ann M. Dvorak
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642741452
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Mast Cells by : Ann M. Dvorak

Download or read book Human Mast Cells written by Ann M. Dvorak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks in detail at human mast cells. It includes a review of previous and current ultrastructural studies, whereby the latter are illustrated with numerous high-quality electron micrographs obtained from a large number of structural and functional experiments using highly purified isolated human lung mast cells. Specifically, the book provides criteria for the identification of human mast cells, discusses the unique role in mast cell function of granules and lipid bodies, describes the ultrastructural anatomy of two release reactions - i.e., anaphylactic degranulation and piecemeal degranulation - and defines the recovery, cyclical and maturational properties of human mast cells. All of these new morphological-biochemical and functional studies are correlated with the author's wide experience in the visual properties of human mast cells as seen in biopsy material obtained from a diagnostic ultrastructural pathology service.

Mast Cells and Basophils

Author : Gianni Marone
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080535852
Total Pages : 738 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cells and Basophils by : Gianni Marone

Download or read book Mast Cells and Basophils written by Gianni Marone and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-05-25 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mast Cells and Basophils will be essential reading for immunologists, biochemists and medical researchers. Detailed chapters cover all aspects of mast cell and basophil research, from cell development, proteases, histamine, cysteinyl leukotrienes, physiology and pathology to the role of these cells in health and disease. Chapters also discuss the clinical implications of histamine receptor antagonists.

Mast Cells and Cardiovascular Disease

Author : Jacob Joseph
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781616685935
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (859 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cells and Cardiovascular Disease by : Jacob Joseph

Download or read book Mast Cells and Cardiovascular Disease written by Jacob Joseph and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although initially thought to be a deleterious influence on tissue repair and remodelling, recent studies have shown the versatility of the mast cell in modulating tissue responses in a beneficial as well as an adverse manner. Hence it is clear that understanding mast cell biology in the context of normal and abnormal tissue repair and remodelling will be crucial to preventing and treating cardiovascular disease. This book brings together world-renowned scientists in the field of mast cell biology to present the current knowledge regarding the role of these enigmatic cells in cardiovascular disease, and innovative research approaches to tackle this field of cardiovascular investigation.

Immunomodulatory Role of Helminth-derived Antigens and C-type Lectin Receptors on Inflammatory Mast Cells

Author : Krisztina Visnovitzné Vukman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Immunomodulatory Role of Helminth-derived Antigens and C-type Lectin Receptors on Inflammatory Mast Cells by : Krisztina Visnovitzné Vukman

Download or read book Immunomodulatory Role of Helminth-derived Antigens and C-type Lectin Receptors on Inflammatory Mast Cells written by Krisztina Visnovitzné Vukman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mast cells are normally associated with T-helper (Th)2 driven IgE mediated immune responses in helminths infection, however it was recently shown that they have an important role to play in promoting Th1 immunity during infectious and non-infectious diseases. Fasciola hepatica, a parasitic worm of humans and domestic animals, induces strong Th2/T-regulatory immune responses during infection while simultaneously suppressing Th1 immune responses that are associated with immunity. The Th1 suppressive properties of helminths can leave the host more susceptible to bystander bacterial and viral infections while protecting the host from developing Th1 mediated autoimmune diseases. It was previously shown that Fasciola tegumental antigen (FhTeg) directly targets dendritic cells impairing their ability to drive Th1 inflammatory responses. Here we show that F. hepatica infection and FhTeg enhance mast cell numbers in vivo in a STAT6 independent manner. The increased mast cell number is not the result of FhTeg induced proliferation; rather FhTeg indirectly induces mast cell migration by dendritic cell derived chemokines. FhTeg-activated mast cells do not produce Th2 cytokines, drive Th2 immune responses or inhibit IgE degranulation of mast cells. Instead FhTeg inhibits mast cells ability to drive Th1 immunity suppressing pro inflammatory cytokines and ICAM1 expression in mast cells. FhTeg suppresses the activation of transcription factors in the TLR signalling pathway through the up regulation of SOCS3 inhibitory molecule which explains its suppressive effect. This study also demonstrated for the first time that the C-type lectin receptors, mannose receptor and macrophage galactose lectin, are expressed by mast cells and that they have an important role to play in the induction of SOCS3 by FhTeg and the promotion of mast cells inflammatory responses during Bordetella pertussis infection. This study advances our knowledge on mast cell biology, in particular the identification of potential targets on pathogenic mast cells.

Mast Cells United

Author : Amber Walker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781733711708
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cells United by : Amber Walker

Download or read book Mast Cells United written by Amber Walker and published by . This book was released on 2019-03-16 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At 528 pages and referencing over 1200 academic articles, this book is the longest and most thorough resource on mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) to date. Allergies and anaphylaxis are on the rise, alongside gastrointestinal problems, skin issues, fatigue, orthopedic pain, neurological symptoms, and just about everything in between. Patients are coming out of the woodwork with chronic, debilitating, often invisible illness. Recent research estimates that 14%-17% of the population may have mast cell activation disease. This book includes: 1. an in-depth overview of mast cell activation disease, with a focus on mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS); 2. a patient story describing life with MCAS; 3. a detailed literature review and current hypotheses for disease origins; 4. a practical guide of clinical considerations for diagnosis; 5. a chapter devoted to comorbid conditions, including Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, POTS, Lyme disease and much more; 6. several chapters devoted to mainstream and natural treatment options, dietary considerations, and strategies for holistic healing; 7. content from dozens of interviews with prominent MCAS experts, including specialists in allergy/immunology, hematology, functional medicine, naturopathy, psychology, nutrition, gastroenterology, physical therapy, clinical research, and more!

The Mast Cell

Author : Jack Pepys
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 908 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mast Cell by : Jack Pepys

Download or read book The Mast Cell written by Jack Pepys and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 908 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mast Cell Differentiation and Heterogeneity

Author : Dean Befus
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Mast Cell Differentiation and Heterogeneity by : Dean Befus

Download or read book Mast Cell Differentiation and Heterogeneity written by Dean Befus and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1986 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Janeway's Immunobiology

Author : Kenneth Murphy
Publisher : Garland Science
ISBN 13 : 9780815344575
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Janeway's Immunobiology by : Kenneth Murphy

Download or read book Janeway's Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.

Neuro-immuno-regulation of inflammation in the colonic mucosa

Author : Maria Teresa Casado Bedmar
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 917929782X
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuro-immuno-regulation of inflammation in the colonic mucosa by : Maria Teresa Casado Bedmar

Download or read book Neuro-immuno-regulation of inflammation in the colonic mucosa written by Maria Teresa Casado Bedmar and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intestinal homeostasis is key to control uptake across the mucosa and protect from harmful substances. Disturbances in the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain are implicated in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), being Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) the two most common IBD subtypes. Although these chronic bowel-relapsing inflammatory disorders present different histopathology, they share similar pathological features. Both IBS and IBD are characterized by a disrupted intestinal barrier function, a pro-inflammatory chronic condition, and an altered gut-brain axis. Despite all the scientific effort, the sequence or exact combination of events that drive these diseases are still unknown, and so is the exact role of every single component. Growing evidence suggests altered neuro-immune interactions as a pathogenic factor. The general aim of this thesis was to elucidate the potential involvement of mast cells and eosinophils in IBS and IBD, and the neuro-immune intercellular circuit via vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) that might exacerbate mucosal inflammation and intestinal barrier disruption. Intestinal tissues from IBS, inactive IBD, healthy controls (HC), and murine colitis were collected. Electrophysiological and permeability studies were performed using the ex vivo Ussing chamber technique. Tissues were processed with immunohistological procedures to study cell numbers, activation, location, and interactions in relation to VIP. We demonstrated for the very first time an increased transcellular passage of live commensal and pathogenic bacteria through the colonic mucosa of IBS, identifying VIP as a key regulatory molecule together with mast cells activation. In vitro experiments revealed the ability of VIP to activate mast cells. Image analysis identified VIP-mast cells in closer proximity in IBD patients and murine colitis compared to controls. Communication between mast cells and VIP was shown upregulated in IBD and mice colitis via VIP receptor (VPAC)1. Similarities and differences between HC, IBS, and IBD were further studied. Results indicated a pronounced increased intestinal permeability in UC, even during remission, followed by IBS, compared to healthy controls. Surprisingly, permeability results did not correlate with mast cells, but with eosinophil number and activation. A further image analysis suggested an inhibitory effect of eosinophils and VIP on mast cells and an altered interaction between them under inflammatory conditions. Lastly, intestinal VIP levels were shown to increase in IBD patients after the treatment with biological agents and were suggested as a possible biomarker for biological treatment outcome. This thesis presents novel insights into the regulation of intestinal permeability, as well as into the pathophysiology of IBD and IBS by demonstrating the importance of neuro-immune interactions between mast cells, VIP, and eosinophils. Altogether, our findings have broadened the knowledge of neuro-immune interactions in IBS and IBD and might have the potential to onsight lead to new therapeutic approaches thereby improving the outcomes for patients suffering from these diseases.