Advanced Functional Piezoelectric Materials and Applications

Download Advanced Functional Piezoelectric Materials and Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Materials Research Forum LLC
ISBN 13 : 1644902095
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (449 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Functional Piezoelectric Materials and Applications by : Inamuddin

Download or read book Advanced Functional Piezoelectric Materials and Applications written by Inamuddin and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2022-10-05 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book reviews our current knowledge of piezoelectric materials, including their history, developments, properties, process design, and technical applications in such areas as sensors, actuators, power sources, motors, environmental and biomedical domains. Piezoelectric materials will play a crucial role in the development of sustainable energy systems. Keywords: Piezoelectric Materials, Piezo-crystals, Nanogenerators, Phototronics, Piezoelectric Composites, Biomedical Applications, Energy Harvesting, Piezoelectric Thin Films, Piezoelectric Perovskites, Sensor Applications, Piezoelectric Ceramics, Piezoelectric Semiconductors, Piezoelectric Polymers.

Advanced Piezoelectric Materials

Download Advanced Piezoelectric Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781613443811
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Piezoelectric Materials by : Kenji Uchino

Download or read book Advanced Piezoelectric Materials written by Kenji Uchino and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Advanced Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Materials

Download Handbook of Advanced Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1845694007
Total Pages : 1091 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Advanced Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Materials by : Z-G Ye

Download or read book Handbook of Advanced Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Materials written by Z-G Ye and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-03-20 with total page 1091 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book covers recent developments in advanced dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials. Dielectric materials such as ceramics are used to manufacture microelectronic devices. Piezoelectric components have been used for many years in radioelectrics, time-keeping and, more recently, in microprocessor-based devices. Ferroelectric materials are widely used in various devices such as piezoelectric/electrostrictive transducers and actuators, pyroelectric infrared detectors, optical integrated circuits, optical data storage and display devices.The book is divided into eight parts under the general headings: High strain high performance piezo- and ferroelectric single crystals; Electric field-induced effects and domain engineering; Morphotropic phase boundary related phenomena; High power piezoelectric and microwave dielectric materials; Nanoscale piezo- and ferroelectrics; Piezo- and ferroelectric films; Novel processing and new materials; Novel properties of ferroelectrics and related materials. Each chapter looks at key recent research on these materials, their properties and potential applications.Advanced dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials is an important reference tool for all those working in the area of electrical and electronic materials in general and dielectrics, piezoelectrics and ferroelectrics in particular. Covers the latest developments in advanced dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials Includes topics such as high strain high performance piezo and ferroelectric single crystals Discusses novel processing and new materials, and novel properties of ferroelectrics and related materials

Piezoelectric Materials: Advances in Science, Technology and Applications

Download Piezoelectric Materials: Advances in Science, Technology and Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401140944
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Piezoelectric Materials: Advances in Science, Technology and Applications by : Carmen Galassi

Download or read book Piezoelectric Materials: Advances in Science, Technology and Applications written by Carmen Galassi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Predeal, Romania, 24-27 May, 1999

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

Download Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119991358
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting by : Alper Erturk

Download or read book Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting written by Alper Erturk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of vibrations into electric energy through the use of piezoelectric devices is an exciting and rapidly developing area of research with a widening range of applications constantly materialising. With Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting, world-leading researchers provide a timely and comprehensive coverage of the electromechanical modelling and applications of piezoelectric energy harvesters. They present principal modelling approaches, synthesizing fundamental material related to mechanical, aerospace, civil, electrical and materials engineering disciplines for vibration-based energy harvesting using piezoelectric transduction. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting provides the first comprehensive treatment of distributed-parameter electromechanical modelling for piezoelectric energy harvesting with extensive case studies including experimental validations, and is the first book to address modelling of various forms of excitation in piezoelectric energy harvesting, ranging from airflow excitation to moving loads, thus ensuring its relevance to engineers in fields as disparate as aerospace engineering and civil engineering. Coverage includes: Analytical and approximate analytical distributed-parameter electromechanical models with illustrative theoretical case studies as well as extensive experimental validations Several problems of piezoelectric energy harvesting ranging from simple harmonic excitation to random vibrations Details of introducing and modelling piezoelectric coupling for various problems Modelling and exploiting nonlinear dynamics for performance enhancement, supported with experimental verifications Applications ranging from moving load excitation of slender bridges to airflow excitation of aeroelastic sections A review of standard nonlinear energy harvesting circuits with modelling aspects.

Mechanics of Advanced Functional Materials

Download Mechanics of Advanced Functional Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642335969
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mechanics of Advanced Functional Materials by : Biao Wang

Download or read book Mechanics of Advanced Functional Materials written by Biao Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-24 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanics of Advanced Functional Materials emphasizes the coupling effect between the electric and mechanical field in the piezoelectric, ferroelectric and other functional materials. It also discusses the size effect on the ferroelectric domain instability and phase transition behaviors using the continuum micro-structural evolution models. Functional materials usually have a very wide application in engineering due to their unique thermal, electric, magnetic, optoelectronic, etc., functions. Almost all the applications demand that the material should have reasonable stiffness, strength, fracture toughness and the other mechanical properties. Furthermore, usually the stress and strain fields on the functional materials and devices have some important coupling effect on the functionality of the materials. Much progress has been made concerning the coupling electric and mechanical behaviors such as the coupled electric and stress field distribution in piezoelectric solids, ferroelectric domain patterns in ferroelectrics, fracture and failure properties under coupled electric and stress field, etc. The book is intended for researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of mechanics, materials sciences and applied physics who are interested to work on the interdisciplinary mathematical modeling of the functional materials. Prof. Biao Wang is the Dean of School of Physics and Engineering of the Sun Yat-sen University, China.

Advanced Ferroelectric And Piezoelectric Materials: With Improved Properties And Their Applications

Download Advanced Ferroelectric And Piezoelectric Materials: With Improved Properties And Their Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811284261
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Ferroelectric And Piezoelectric Materials: With Improved Properties And Their Applications by : Ivan A Parinov

Download or read book Advanced Ferroelectric And Piezoelectric Materials: With Improved Properties And Their Applications written by Ivan A Parinov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2024-03-14 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the latest advances in ferroelectric and piezoelectric material sciences with this comprehensive monograph, divided into six chapters, each offering unique insights into the field.Chapter 1 delves into the manufacture and study of new ceramic materials, focusing on complex oxides of various metals (Aurivillius phases). The authors explore layered bismuth titanates and niobates, known for their high Curie temperature, and discuss how varying their chemical composition can lead to significant changes in their electrophysical properties. Chapter 2 explores the fascinating world of ferroelectrics — dielectrics with spontaneous polarization. Mathematical models and approaches of fractional calculus are used to understand the process of polarization switching in these materials, shedding light on the fractality of electrical responses. In Chapter 3, readers gain valuable insights into the inhomogeneous polarization process of polycrystalline ferroelectrics, a crucial stage in creating piezoceramic samples for energy converters. The authors present a comprehensive mathematical model that allows the determination of various characteristics, including dielectric and piezoelectric hysteresis loops and the effect of attenuation processes.Chapter 4 focuses on state-of-the-art piezoelectric energy harvesting, discussing theoretical, experimental, and computer modelling approaches. The authors discuss piezoelectric generators (PEGs) of different types (cantilever, stack and axis) and nonlinear effects arising at their operation. Chapter 5 presents expanded test and finite element models for cantilever-type and axial-type PEGs with active elements. The studies cover various structural and electric schemes of the PEGs with proof mass, bimorph and cylindrical piezoelectric elements, and excitation loads. Finally, Chapter 6 reviews some results in the last five years, obtained in modelling the vibration of devices from piezoactive materials, including five important effects: piezoelectric, flexoelectric, pyroelectric, piezomagnetic and flexomagnetic.As a diverse addition to the literature, this book is a relevant resource for researchers, engineers, and students seeking to expand their knowledge of cutting-edge developments in this exciting field.

Advanced Piezoelectric Materials

Download Advanced Piezoelectric Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1845699750
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Piezoelectric Materials by : Kenji Uchino

Download or read book Advanced Piezoelectric Materials written by Kenji Uchino and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-09-27 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Piezoelectric materials produce electric charges on their surfaces as a consequence of applying mechanical stress. They are used in the fabrication of a growing range of devices such as transducers (used, for example, in ultrasound scanning), actuators (deployed in such areas as vibration suppression in optical and microelectronic engineering), pressure sensor devices (such as gyroscopes) and increasingly as a way of producing energy. Their versatility has led to a wealth of research to broaden the range of piezoelectric materials and their potential uses. Advanced piezoelectric materials: science and technology provides a comprehensive review of these new materials, their properties, methods of manufacture and applications. After an introductory overview of the development of piezoelectric materials, Part one reviews the various types of piezoelectric material, ranging from lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezo-ceramics, relaxor ferroelectric ceramics, lead-free piezo-ceramics, quartz-based piezoelectric materials, the use of lithium niobate and lithium in piezoelectrics, single crystal piezoelectric materials, electroactive polymers (EAP) and piezoelectric composite materials. Part two discusses how to design and fabricate piezo-materials with chapters on piezo-ceramics, single crystal preparation techniques, thin film technologies, aerosol techniques and manufacturing technologies for piezoelectric transducers. The final part of the book looks at applications such as high-power piezoelectric materials and actuators as well as the performance of piezoelectric materials under stress. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors Advanced piezoelectric materials: science and technology is a standard reference for all those researching piezoelectric materials and using them to develop new devices in such areas as microelectronics, optical, sound, structural and biomedical engineering. Provides a comprehensive review of the new materials, their properties and methods of manufacture and application Explores the development of piezoelectric materials from the historical background to the present status Features an overview of manufacturing methods for piezoelectric ceramic materials including design considerations

Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials

Download Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811089981
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials by : Jiagang Wu

Download or read book Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials written by Jiagang Wu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically reviews the history of lead-free piezoelectric materials, including the latest research. It also addresses a number of important issues, such as new types of materials prepared in a multitude of sizes, structural and physical properties, and potential applications for high-performance devices. Further, it examines in detail the state of the art in lead-free piezoelectric materials, focusing on the pathways to modify different structures and achieve enhanced physical properties and new functional behavior. Lastly, it discusses the prospects for potential future developments in lead-free piezoelectric materials across disciplines and for multifunctional applications. Given its breadth of coverage, the book offers a comprehensive resource for graduate students, academic researchers, development scientists, materials producers, device designers and applications engineers who are working on or are interested in advanced lead-free piezoelectric materials.

Advanced Functional Materials

Download Advanced Functional Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1839624795
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Functional Materials by : Nevin Tasaltin

Download or read book Advanced Functional Materials written by Nevin Tasaltin and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was written by authors in the field of preparation of advanced functional materials and their wide-ranging applications. The topics in the book include: preparation of several advanced functional materials, and their applications in sensors, health, concrete, textile, glasses, and pharmacy. In this book, the authors focused on recent studies, applications, and new technological developments in fundamental properties of advanced functional materials.

Piezoelectric Materials and Devices

Download Piezoelectric Materials and Devices PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535110454
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Piezoelectric Materials and Devices by : Farzad Ebrahimi

Download or read book Piezoelectric Materials and Devices written by Farzad Ebrahimi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a result of contributions of experts from international scientific community working in different aspects of piezoelectric materials and devices through original and innovative research studies. Through its 7 chapters the reader will have access to works related to the various applications of piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric stacks in level sensors, pressure sensors, actuators for functionally graded plates, active and passive health monitoring systems, machining processes, nondestructive testing of aeronautical structures and acoustic wave velocity measurements. The text is addressed not only to researchers, but also to professional engineers, students and other experts in a variety of disciplines, both academic and industrial seeking to gain a better understanding of what has been done in the field recently, and what kind of open problems are in this area.

Piezoelectricity

Download Piezoelectricity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540686835
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Piezoelectricity by : Walter Heywang

Download or read book Piezoelectricity written by Walter Heywang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-14 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discovered in 1880, piezoelectric materials play a key role in an innovative market of several billions of dollars. Recent advances in applications derive from new materials and their development, as well as to new market requirements. With the exception of quartz, ferroelectric materials are used for they offer both high efficiency and sufficient versatility to meet adequately the multidimensional requirements for application. Consequently, strong emphasis is placed on tailoring materials and technology, whether one deals with single crystals, ceramics or plastic materials. Tailoring requires a basic understanding of both physical principles and technical possibilities and limitations. This report elucidates these developments by a broad spectrum of examples, comprising ultrasound in medicine and defence industry, frequency control, signal processing by SAW-devices, sensors, actuators, including novel valves for modern motor management. It delivers a mutual fertilization of technology push and market pull that should be of interest not only to materials scientists or engineers but also to managers who dedicate themselves to a sound future-oriented R&D policy.

Advanced Mechanics of Piezoelectricity

Download Advanced Mechanics of Piezoelectricity PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642297676
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Mechanics of Piezoelectricity by : Qinghua Qin

Download or read book Advanced Mechanics of Piezoelectricity written by Qinghua Qin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Advanced Mechanics of Piezoelectricity" presents a comprehensive treatment of piezoelectric materials using linear electroelastic theory, symplectic models, and Hamiltonian systems. It summarizes the current state of practice and presents the most recent research findings in piezoelectricity. It is intended for researchers and graduate students in the fields of applied mechanics, material science and engineering, computational engineering, and aerospace engineering. Dr. Qinghua Qin is a professor at the School of Engineering, Australian National University, Australia.

Piezoelectric Materials

Download Piezoelectric Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wiley-VCH
ISBN 13 : 9783527351893
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Piezoelectric Materials by : Jiagang Wu

Download or read book Piezoelectric Materials written by Jiagang Wu and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2024-05-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyze the foundational materials of the electronics industry In recent years piezoelectric materials have become one of the world’s most important classes of functional materials. Their ability to convert between mechanical and electrical energy makes them indispensable for sensors, transducers, actuators, catalysts, and many other foundational electronic devices. As electronics industries expand at unprecedented rates, the range of applications for piezoelectric materials continues to grow. Piezoelectric Materials offers a comprehensive overview of this group of materials, its key properties, and its applications. Beginning with the fundamental science of piezoelectric phenomena, it then analyzes different the numerous different classes of piezoelectric materials and their current and future industrial functions. The result is essential for engineers and materials scientists working in any number of areas. Piezoelectric Materials readers will also find: Analysis of materials types include lead-based and lead-free piezoelectric materials, textured piezoceramics, piezoelectric thin films, and many more Detailed discussion of applications including dielectric energy storage and biomedical technology Authorship by a leading researcher of piezoelectric materials Piezoelectric Materials is ideal for materials scientists, electronic engineers, polymer chemists, solid state chemists, and any other researchers or professionals working with these key materials.

Piezoelectric Technology

Download Piezoelectric Technology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1003803849
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Piezoelectric Technology by : Swetapadma Praharaj

Download or read book Piezoelectric Technology written by Swetapadma Praharaj and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the state-of-the-art green piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) technology. It highlights different aspects of PEH, starting right from the materials, their synthesis, and characterization techniques to applications. Various types of materials, including ceramics, polymers, composites, and bio-inspired compounds in nano, micro, and meso scale and their recent advancements are captured in detail with special focus on lead-free systems. Different challenges and issues faced while designing a PEH are also included. Features: Guides on how to harvest piezoelectric energy in a sustainable manner Describes related figures of merit for piezoelectric energy harvesting Covers synthesis of piezoelectric materials in the form of bulk, single crystal, nano, and thin/thick film Includes pertinent advanced characterization techniques Reviews piezo-energy harvesting devices and structures This book is aimed at researchers, professionals, and graduate students in electrical engineering, materials, and energy.

Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion

Download Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128230703
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion by : Kuan Yew Cheong

Download or read book Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion written by Kuan Yew Cheong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Materials and Green Processing for Energy Conversion provides a concise reference on green processing and synthesis of materials required for the next generation of devices used in renewable energy conversion and storage. The book covers the processing of bio-organic materials, environmentally-friendly organic and inorganic sources of materials, synthetic green chemistry, bioresorbable and transient properties of functional materials, and the concept of sustainable material design. The book features chapters by worldwide experts and is an important reference for students, researchers, and engineers interested in gaining extensive knowledge concerning green processing of sustainable, green functional materials for next generation energy devices. Additionally, functional materials used in energy devices must also be able to degrade and decompose with minimum energy after being disposed of at their end-of-life. Environmental pollution is one of the global crises that endangers the life cycles of living things. There are multiple root causes of this pollution, including industrialization that demands a huge supply of raw materials for the production of products related to meeting the demands of the Internet-of-Things. As a result, improvement of material and product life cycles by incorporation of green, sustainable principles is essential to address this challenging issue. Offers a resourceful reference for readers interested in green processing of environmentally-friendly and sustainable materials for energy conversion and storage devices Focuses on designing of materials through green-processing concepts Highlights challenges and opportunities in green processing of renewable materials for energy devices

Novel Applications of Piezoelectric and Thermoelectric Materials

Download Novel Applications of Piezoelectric and Thermoelectric Materials PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1837683964
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (376 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Novel Applications of Piezoelectric and Thermoelectric Materials by : Rafael Vargas-Bernal

Download or read book Novel Applications of Piezoelectric and Thermoelectric Materials written by Rafael Vargas-Bernal and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-01-31 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Piezoelectric and thermoelectric materials represent emerging cutting-edge technological materials for energy harvesting for high-value-added applications. Although these materials have been exhaustively exploited for decades, researchers around the world continue to find technological and scientific innovations that must be disseminated to the engineers of yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Piezoelectric materials, through mechanical stresses applied to them, are capable of generating electricity, while thermoelectric materials are capable of producing electricity thanks to the heat applied to them. Therefore, the direct application of these materials is in energy harvesting, which, together with the reduction of materials, leads them to portable and wearable functional applications. The purpose of this work is to disseminate some of the latest scientific and technological advances by different researchers around the world in the development of devices and applications based on these materials. The book compiles state-of-the-art fundamentals, current uses, as well as emerging applications of piezoelectric and thermoelectric materials. It is a source of inspiration for continued scientific research on the commercial, industrial, and military applications of these materials. Furthermore, it is a valuable and informative resource for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as experts and researchers in the field.