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Author : Reidar Krummradt Lie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788272930102
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Acceptance and rejection of hypotheses in medical science written by Reidar Krummradt Lie and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James Le Fanu
Publisher : Carroll & Graf Pub
ISBN 13 : 9780786707324
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (73 download)
Download or read book The Rise and Fall of Modern Medicine written by James Le Fanu and published by Carroll & Graf Pub. This book was released on 2000 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that the pace of medical discoveries has slowed in the last twenty-five years due to excessive emphasis on the social and political aspects of health care, and to controversies caused by ethical issues.
Author : Robert H. Riffenburgh
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Statistics in Medicine written by Robert H. Riffenburgh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicine deals with treatments that work often but not always, so treatment success must be based on probability. Statistical methods lift medical research from the anecdotal to measured levels of probability. This book presents the common statistical methods used in 90% of medical research, along with the underlying basics, in two parts: a textbook section for use by students in health care training programs, e.g., medical schools or residency training, and a reference section for use by practicing clinicians in reading medical literature and performing their own research. The book does not require a significant level of mathematical knowledge and couches the methods in multiple examples drawn from clinical medicine, giving it applicable context. Easy-to-follow format incorporates medical examples, step-by-step methods, and check yourself exercises Two-part design features course material and a professional reference section Chapter summaries provide a review of formulas, method algorithms, and check lists Companion site links to statistical databases that can be downloaded and used to perform the exercises from the book and practice statistical methods New in this Edition: New chapters on: multifactor tests on means of continuous data, equivalence testing, and advanced methods New topics include: trial randomization, treatment ethics in medical research, imputation of missing data, and making evidence-based medical decisions Updated database coverage and additional exercises Expanded coverage of numbers needed to treat and to benefit, and regression analysis including stepwise regression and Cox regression Thorough discussion on required sample size
Author : Pieter Kubben
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319997130
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Fundamentals of Clinical Data Science written by Pieter Kubben and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-21 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book comprehensively covers the fundamentals of clinical data science, focusing on data collection, modelling and clinical applications. Topics covered in the first section on data collection include: data sources, data at scale (big data), data stewardship (FAIR data) and related privacy concerns. Aspects of predictive modelling using techniques such as classification, regression or clustering, and prediction model validation will be covered in the second section. The third section covers aspects of (mobile) clinical decision support systems, operational excellence and value-based healthcare. Fundamentals of Clinical Data Science is an essential resource for healthcare professionals and IT consultants intending to develop and refine their skills in personalized medicine, using solutions based on large datasets from electronic health records or telemonitoring programmes. The book’s promise is “no math, no code”and will explain the topics in a style that is optimized for a healthcare audience.
Author : Fenna Poletiek
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9781841691596
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (915 download)
Download or read book Hypothesis-testing Behaviour written by Fenna Poletiek and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do people search evidence for a hypothesis? A well documented answer in cognitive psychology is that they search for confirming evidence. However, the rational strategy is to try to falsify the hypothesis. This book critically evaluates this contradiction. Experimental research is discussed against the background of philosophical and formal theories of hypothesis testing with striking results: Falsificationism and verificationism - the two main rival philosophies of testing - come down to one and the same principle for concrete testing behaviour, eluding the contrast between rational falsification and confirmation bias. In this book, the author proposes a new perspective for describing hypothesis testing behaviour - the probability-value model - which unifies the contrasting views. According to this model, hypothesis testers pragmatically consider what evidence and how much evidence will convince them to reject or accept the hypothesis. They might either require highly probative evidence for its acceptance, at the risk of its rejection, or protect it against rejection and go for minor confirming observations. Interestingly, the model refines the classical opposition between rationality and pragmaticity because pragmatic considerations are a legitimate aspect of 'rational' hypothesis testing. Possible future research and applications of the ideas advanced are discussed, such as the modelling of expert hypothesis testing.
Author : Nazim Husain
Publisher : Notion Press, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, 2021
ISBN 13 : 1639748520
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (397 download)
Download or read book Research Methodology in the Unani Medical Sciences written by Nazim Husain and published by Notion Press, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, 2021. This book was released on 2021-06-29 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A good knowledge of research methodology is extremely important to conduct a scientifically sound research, and a valid research is essential for the development of every science, so does AYUSH systems of medicine. The movement of research in Medicine dates back to the times of its origin, when Greek Physician-Philosopher Hippocrates freed Medicine from superstitions, and presented it in the initial scientific form. Thereafter, the Roman Philosopher Galen stabilized the foundations of Hippocratic medical thoughts, on which the Arab and Iranian physicians like Rāzī and Ibn Sīnā, built an edifice and developed the system to great heights. Ibn Sīnā laid down guidelines for clinical testing of drugs as early as in 11th Century. The scientific research in AYUSH Systems of Medicine was given a boost in India by a versatile genius, Masīḥ al-Mulk Ḥakīm Ajmal Khān, in the 1920s. He spotted Dr. Salīm al-Zamān Ṣiddīqī, a chemist, for undertaking chemical studies on some important medicinal plants, used in Unani System of Medicine. The present scenario of the AYUSH systems of medicine and its contribution to healthcare is very important to date. There are several areas, where traditional medicines are independently able to manage the diseases, such as skin diseases, liver diseases, GIT disorders, etc., but scientific data of these claims are lacking. So, it is the need of the hour to explore and evaluate the AYUSH systems of medicine on internationally acceptable scientific parameters. For the purpose, a number of books are available in the market, but it is a very tough task for the newbies to understand the basics of research from these high-level books. This book is written in simple and palatable language, especially for the PG Scholars and AYUSH Researchers, who face difficulty in understanding the subject. The book deals with research and its types, research problem, hypotheses, research designs, and data collection, etc. with updated guidelines. We hope that the purpose of writing this book would be fulfilled and the Postgraduate Scholars, as well as other researchers, will find this book helpful in understanding the basics of Research Methodology.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171148
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Small Clinical Trials written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical trials are used to elucidate the most appropriate preventive, diagnostic, or treatment options for individuals with a given medical condition. Perhaps the most essential feature of a clinical trial is that it aims to use results based on a limited sample of research participants to see if the intervention is safe and effective or if it is comparable to a comparison treatment. Sample size is a crucial component of any clinical trial. A trial with a small number of research participants is more prone to variability and carries a considerable risk of failing to demonstrate the effectiveness of a given intervention when one really is present. This may occur in phase I (safety and pharmacologic profiles), II (pilot efficacy evaluation), and III (extensive assessment of safety and efficacy) trials. Although phase I and II studies may have smaller sample sizes, they usually have adequate statistical power, which is the committee's definition of a "large" trial. Sometimes a trial with eight participants may have adequate statistical power, statistical power being the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the hypothesis is false. Small Clinical Trials assesses the current methodologies and the appropriate situations for the conduct of clinical trials with small sample sizes. This report assesses the published literature on various strategies such as (1) meta-analysis to combine disparate information from several studies including Bayesian techniques as in the confidence profile method and (2) other alternatives such as assessing therapeutic results in a single treated population (e.g., astronauts) by sequentially measuring whether the intervention is falling above or below a preestablished probability outcome range and meeting predesigned specifications as opposed to incremental improvement.
Author : John C. Reinard
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506320481
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)
Download or read book Communication Research Statistics written by John C. Reinard and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-20 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "While most books on statistics seem to be written as though targeting other statistics professors, John Reinard′s Communication Research Statistics is especially impressive because it is clearly intended for the student reader, filled with unusually clear explanations and with illustrations on the use of SPSS. I enjoyed reading this lucid, student-friendly book and expect students will benefit enormously from its content and presentation. Well done!" --John C. Pollock, The College of New Jersey Written in an accessible style using straightforward and direct language, Communication Research Statistics guides students through the statistics actually used in most empirical research undertaken in communication studies. This introductory textbook is the only work in communication that includes details on statistical analysis of data with a full set of data analysis instructions based on SPSS 12 and Excel XP. Key Features: Emphasizes basic and introductory statistical thinking: The basic needs of novice researchers and students are addressed, while underscoring the foundational elements of statistical analyses in research. Students learn how statistics are used to provide evidence for research arguments and how to evaluate such evidence for themselves. Prepares students to use statistics: Students are encouraged to use statistics as they encounter and evaluate quantitative research. The book details how statistics can be understood by developing actual skills to carry out rudimentary work. Examples are drawn from mass communication, speech communication, and communication disorders. Incorporates SPSS 12 and Excel: A distinguishing feature is the inclusion of coverage of data analysis by use of SPSS 12 and by Excel. Information on the use of major computer software is designed to let students use such tools immediately. Companion Web Site! A dedicated Web site includes a glossary, data sets, chapter summaries, additional readings, links to other useful sites, selected "calculators" for computation of related statistics, additional macros for selected statistics using Excel and SPSS, and extra chapters on multiple discriminant analysis and loglinear analysis. Intended Audience: Ideal for undergraduate and graduate courses in Communication Research Statistics or Methods; also relevant for many Research Methods courses across the social sciences
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309486165
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.
Author : G.A. Wobeser
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475756097
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)
Download or read book Investigation and Management of Disease in Wild Animals written by G.A. Wobeser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - A hypothesis is a proposition, set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of a phenomenon, that can be tested. - The basis for scientific investigation is the collection of information to formulate and test hypotheses. - Experimental methods measure the effect of manipulations caused by the investigator; observational methods collect information about naturally occurring events. - There are three sub-types of experimental techniques that differ in the way subjects are chosen for inclusion in the study, in the amount of control that the investigator has over variables, and in the method used to assess changes in other variables. - Descriptive observational studies dominate the early phase of most investigations and involve the description of disease-related events in the population. Associations among factors may be observed but the strength of the associations is not measured. - Analytical observation al techniques are of three basic types: prevalence surveys, case:control studies, and incidence or cohort studies. All attempt to explain the nature of relationships among various factors and to measure the strength of associations. - Prevalence surveys and case:control studies deal with disease existing at the time of the study; incidence studies are concerned with the development of disease over time. - Observational studies may be retrospective, using existing data, or prospective with collection of new information.
Author : Gregory J. Privitera
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 141296931X
Total Pages : 737 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences written by Gregory J. Privitera and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-09-07 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences is an introduction to statistics text that will engage students in an ongoing spirit of discovery by illustrating how statistics apply to modern-day research problems. By integrating instructions, screenshots, and practical examples for using IBM SPSS® Statistics software, the book makes it easy for students to learn statistical concepts within each chapter. Gregory J. Privitera takes a user-friendly approach while balancing statistical theory, computation, and application with the technical instruction needed for students to succeed in the modern era of data collection, analysis, and statistical interpretation.
Author : R a Fisher
Publisher : Gyan Books
ISBN 13 : 9789351286578
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (865 download)
Download or read book Statistical Methods For Research Workers written by R a Fisher and published by Gyan Books. This book was released on 2017 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Title 'Encyclopaedia of Dalits in India (Women) written/authored/edited by Sanjay Paswan, Paramanshi Jaideva', published in the year 2002. The ISBN 9788178350325 is assigned to the Hardcover version of this title. This book has total of pp. 415 (Pages). The publisher of this title is Kalpaz Publications. This Book is in English. The subject of this book is Reference / Dictionary / Encyclopaedia / Scheduled Castes / OBC / Minorities / Sociology. Size of the book is.
Author : Bryan J. Rooney
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506384919
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)
Download or read book Methods in Psychological Research written by Bryan J. Rooney and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Psychological Research introduces students to the rich world of research in psychology through student-friendly writing, compelling real-world examples, and frequent opportunities for practice. Using a relaxed yet supportive tone that eases student anxiety, the authors present a mixture of conceptual and practical discussions, and spark reader interest in research by covering meaningful topics that resonate with today’s students. In-text features like Conceptual Exercises, FYI sections, and FAQ sections with accompanying visual cues support learning throughout the research experience. The Fourth Edition equips students with the tools they need to understand research concepts, conduct their own experiments, and present their findings.
Author : Victor J. Stenger
Publisher : Prometheus Books
ISBN 13 : 161592003X
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (159 download)
Download or read book God: The Failed Hypothesis written by Victor J. Stenger and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2010-08-05 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout history, arguments for and against the existence of God have been largely confined to philosophy and theology, while science has sat on the sidelines. Despite the fact that science has revolutionized every aspect of human life and greatly clarified our understanding of the world, somehow the notion has arisen that it has nothing to say about the possibility of a supreme being, which much of humanity worships as the source of all reality. This book contends that, if God exists, some evidence for this existence should be detectable by scientific means, especially considering the central role that God is alleged to play in the operation of the universe and the lives of humans. Treating the traditional God concept, as conventionally presented in the Judeo-Christian and Islamic traditions, like any other scientific hypothesis, physicist Stenger examines all of the claims made for God's existence. He considers the latest Intelligent Design arguments as evidence of God's influence in biology. He looks at human behavior for evidence of immaterial souls and the possible effects of prayer. He discusses the findings of physics and astronomy in weighing the suggestions that the universe is the work of a creator and that humans are God's special creation. After evaluating all the scientific evidence, Stenger concludes that beyond a reasonable doubt the universe and life appear exactly as we might expect if there were no God. This paperback edition of the New York Times bestselling hardcover edition contains a new foreword by Christopher Hitchens and a postscript by the author in which he responds to reviewers' criticisms of the original edition.
Author : Peter Duesberg
Publisher : North Atlantic Books
ISBN 13 : 9781556431951
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Infectious AIDS written by Peter Duesberg and published by North Atlantic Books. This book was released on 1995 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of 13 articles originally published in scientific journals between 1987 and 1995, that call into question the dogma of Infectious AIDS.
Author : Hamid Soori
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819985218
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Errors in Medical Science Investigations written by Hamid Soori and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Neil Burdess
Publisher : SAGE Publications Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1446200094
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)
Download or read book Starting Statistics written by Neil Burdess and published by SAGE Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2010-02-17 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics: A Short, Clear Guide is an accessible, humorous and easy introduction to statistics for social science students. In this refreshing book, experienced author and academic Neil Burdess shows that statistics are not the result of some mysterious "black magic", but rather the result of some very basic arithmetic. Getting rid of confusing x′s and y′s, he shows that it′s the intellectual questions that come before and after the calculations that are important: (i) What are the best statistics to use with your data? and (ii) What do the calculated statistics tell you? Statistics: A Short, Clear Guide aims to help students make sense of the logic of statistics and to decide how best to use statistics to analyse their own data. What′s more, it is not reliant on students having access to any particular kind of statistical software package. This is a very useful book for any student in the social sciences doing a statistics course or needing to do statistics for themselves for the first time.
