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Accelerating Expansion
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Book Synopsis Accelerating Expansion by : Gordon Belot
Download or read book Accelerating Expansion written by Gordon Belot and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-24 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accelerating Expansion explores some of the philosophical implications of modern cosmology, focused on the significance that the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe has for our understanding of time, geometry, and physics. The appearance of the cosmological constant in the equations of general relativity allows one to model universes in which space has an inherent tendency towards expansion. This constant, introduced by Einstein but subsequently abandoned by him, returned to centre stage with the discovery of the accelerating expansion. This pedagogically-oriented essay begins with a study of the most basic and elegant relativistic world that involves a positive cosmological constant, de Sitter spacetime. It then turns to the relatives of de Sitter spacetime that dominate modern relativistic cosmology. Some of the topics considered include: the nature of time and simultaneity in de Sitter worlds; the sense in which de Sitter spacetime is a powerful dynamical attractor; the limited extent to which observation can give us information about the topology of space in a world undergoing accelerated expansion; and cosmologists' favourite sceptical worry about the reliability of evidence and the possibility of knowledge, the problem of Boltzmann brains.
Author :Claudia Moreno González Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3319020633 Total Pages :222 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (19 download)
Book Synopsis Accelerated Cosmic Expansion by : Claudia Moreno González
Download or read book Accelerated Cosmic Expansion written by Claudia Moreno González and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-29 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings from the 2012 Fourth International Meeting on Gravitation and Cosmology, focusing on accelerated cosmic expansion This volume provides both an update and a review of the state of alternative theories of gravity in connection with the accelerated expansion of the universe issue. Different theoretical proposals exist to explain the acceleration in the cosmic expansion, generating the dark energy issue and opening the possibility to theories of gravity alternative to general relativity. Related issues such as the dark matter problem are also surveyed in order to give the readers profound insight on the subject from different points of view. Comprised of short talks and plenary lectures given by leading experts in the field, some of them with brilliant and historic contributions, the book allows the reader to find readable and referenced surveys in topics like f(R) theories, the dark matter and dark energy issues, Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) scenarios, f(T) theories, scalar-tensor theories derived from non-Riemannian geometries, emergent universes, the cosmological constant and other topics of current interest for younger and senior physicists and graduate students. These proceedings are from the Fourth International Meeting on Gravitation and Cosmology, held in Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, from 20 - 25 May, 2012, was sponsored by ICTP- Trieste, Italy and COECyTJAL-Universidad de Guadalajara, México. This event is a series of scientific meetings started in 2004 in Cuba, focusing on current and selected topics in the fields of gravitation and cosmology.
Book Synopsis Lectures on Cosmology by : Georg Wolschin
Download or read book Lectures on Cosmology written by Georg Wolschin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lectures that four authors present in this volume investigate core topics related to the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Accelerated expansion occured in the ?36 very early Universe – an exponential expansion in the in ationary period 10 s after the Big Bang. This well-established theoretical concept had rst been p- posed in 1980 by Alan Guth to account for the homogeneity and isotropy of the observable universe, and simultaneously by Alexei Starobinski, and has since then been developed by many authors in great theoretical detail. An accelerated expansion of the late Universe at redshifts z
Book Synopsis The Extravagant Universe by : Robert P. Kirshner
Download or read book The Extravagant Universe written by Robert P. Kirshner and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Extravagant Universe tells the story of a remarkable adventure of scientific discovery. One of the world's leading astronomers, Robert Kirshner, takes readers inside a lively research team on the quest that led them to an extraordinary cosmological discovery: the expansion of the universe is accelerating under the influence of a dark energy that makes space itself expand. In addition to sharing the story of this exciting discovery, Kirshner also brings the science up-to-date in a new epilogue. He explains how the idea of an accelerating universe--once a daring interpretation of sketchy data--is now the standard assumption in cosmology today. This measurement of dark energy--a quality of space itself that causes cosmic acceleration--points to a gaping hole in our understanding of fundamental physics. In 1917, Einstein proposed the "cosmological constant" to explain a static universe. When observations proved that the universe was expanding, he cast this early form of dark energy aside. But recent observations described first-hand in this book show that the cosmological constant--or something just like it--dominates the universe's mass and energy budget and determines its fate and shape. Warned by Einstein's blunder, and contradicted by the initial results of a competing research team, Kirshner and his colleagues were reluctant to accept their own result. But, convinced by evidence built on their hard-earned understanding of exploding stars, they announced their conclusion that the universe is accelerating in February 1998. Other lines of inquiry and parallel supernova research now support a new synthesis of a cosmos dominated by dark energy but also containing several forms of dark matter. We live in an extravagant universe with a surprising number of essential ingredients: the real universe we measure is not the simplest one we could imagine.
Book Synopsis Model of the Universe by : Bobby McGehee
Download or read book Model of the Universe written by Bobby McGehee and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2010-02 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Model of the Universe concludes the universe to be a spherical region within a much larger region of primordial matter. Primordial Matter is determined to be an endless array of positroniums; matter (+) and antimatter (-) particles, stabilized in and by an equally spaced (.6 cm) hexahedron arrangement. When positron + and electron - particles come in contact they annihilate into photons; when photon concentrations become adequate, they precipitate into corporeal matter of the universe. The initial annihilation started a chain reaction from a single + & - pair which upset the positronium rotation synchronization. Photons from annihilations propagate in all directions and produce more continuing chain reaction annihilations. Outward flowing photon concentrations coalesce and precipitate into subatomic particles. Accretions of particles produce the objects and matter of the universe. The continuing process is called the deflagration wave, because a simple understandable analogy relates to a flame propagating through dry grass: matter is not created nor destroyed; it is only converted from one form of matter into another. All processes in this Model have been proven, and verified; all are consistent with the Laws of Physics.
Book Synopsis The Accelerating Expansion of the Universe by : Paul F. Kisak
Download or read book The Accelerating Expansion of the Universe written by Paul F. Kisak and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-07-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 11.3 billion years ago a star exploded. It is framed by the constellation Ursa Major. It was photographed in 1997 and it's impact on cosmology theory is still being felt. This exploding star is the Supernova 1997ff type Ia. The discovery and analysis of the radiation that emanates from SN 1997ff is providing support for the theory of "The Accelerating Expansion of our Universe," "Dark Matter," and "Dark Energy." The Hubble discovery also reveals that the universe only recently began speeding up, a discovery that suggests the universe is expanding more quickly than in the past, but there were alternate explanations. The accelerating expansion of the universe is the observation that the universe appears to be expanding at an increasing rate, so that the velocity at which a distant galaxy is receding from the observer is continuously increasing with time. The accelerated expansion was discovered in 1998, by two independent projects, the Supernova Cosmology Project and the High-Z Supernova Search Team, which both used distant type Ia supernovae as standard candles to measure the acceleration. The expansion of the universe is thought to have been accelerating since the universe entered its dark-energy-dominated era roughly 5 billion years ago. Within the framework of general relativity, an accelerating expansion can be accounted for by a positive value of the cosmological constant (Lambda), equivalent to the presence of a positive vacuum energy, dubbed "dark energy." While there are alternative possible explanations, the description assuming dark energy (positive Lambda) is used in the current standard model of cosmology, which also includes cold dark matter (CDM) and is known as the Lambda-CDM model. This book focuses on our Accelerating universe and the theories that support it.This book is designed to be a state of the art, superb academic reference work and provide an overview of the topic and give the reader a structured knowledge to familiarize yourself with the topic at the most affordable price possible. The accuracy and knowledge is of an international viewpoint as the edited articles represent the inputs of many knowledgeable individuals and some of the most current knowledge on the topic, based on the date of publication.
Author :GA Mohr, Richard Sinclair, Edwin Fear Publisher :Xlibris Corporation ISBN 13 :1499002076 Total Pages :208 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (99 download)
Book Synopsis The Evolving Universe by : GA Mohr, Richard Sinclair, Edwin Fear
Download or read book The Evolving Universe written by GA Mohr, Richard Sinclair, Edwin Fear and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revolutionary book proposes that the universe did not begin with a 'Big Bang' and that it is slowly converging to an equilibrium state. Key features of the book include: ? the modern model of the atom. ? How the Earth and Solar System formed. ? Evolution of life on Earth. ? Nucleosynthesis in stars. ? Recent changes in the Solar System. ? the various entities in the universe, including black holes, quasars and supernovas. ? the interstellar medium. ? the classical theory of relativity. ? Beunker's alternative theory of relativity. ? the Steady State Universe theory. ? the Big Bang theory of the universe is disproved. ? Redshift is caused by cosmic dust, not the Doppler Effect and an expanding universe. ? the universe is flat and infinite. ? Cosmic background radiation comes from the interstellar medium, not the Big Bang. ? Alternative scientific theories of the universe, including cyclic models. ? Religious and 'alien design' theories of creation. ? Were bacteria from space the first life on Earth? ? the new 'Evolving Universe' (towards equilibrium) model of the universe based on known changes in the last 10+ billion years. ? A simple proof of gravitational deflection of light. ? G.A. Mohr's large curvature correction for Finite Element Analysis. Industry and reader comment has included: "Some provocative and timely issues." "A huge topic."' the legendary John Argyris called G. A. Mohr "The greatest scientist in Australia."
Download or read book Edge of Reality written by William Thomas and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a discussion, with a new perspective, on the old string-theory problems. With respect to where all those extra dimensions are, we need to make the theory work mathematically. It has been said by many scientists that we may need to look at the string-theory problem with a fresh perspective or find new ways of thinking to resolve its challenges. Lets have a little fun with open minds and a new way of looking into reality with our imaginations turned on as we discuss possible new solutions to resolving the string-theory challenges. Exercising the mind is one way to look into things that are out of the reach of direct experimentation. Einstein utilized the thought experiments to revolutionize modern physics by means of imagination, insight, and logic. This discussion proceeds in a language that anyone can follow, regardless of background. This is an intuitive discussion, with respect to known and accepted foundational science principles, focused on solving the string-theory challenges.
Book Synopsis Beyond the Boundaries of Science by : Latha Christie
Download or read book Beyond the Boundaries of Science written by Latha Christie and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2019-03-29 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the origin of life a lucky roll of cosmic dice? Who is behind the origin of the universe? What do the latest scientific discoveries say about the origin of space and time? Beyond the Boundaries of Science explores the cosmic puzzles that accompany our greatest scientific advances. It suggests that there is more, beyond the reach of science--a super-intelligent Designer behind these mysteries. It takes both science and the Bible seriously, comparing the latest scientific theories with the account in Genesis, interpreted as a revelation of the sequence of our origins.
Book Synopsis Physics and Astrophysics by : Subal Kar
Download or read book Physics and Astrophysics written by Subal Kar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-05 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics and Astrophysics—Glimpses of the Progress provides a comprehensive account of physics and astrophysics from the time of Aristotle to the modern era of Stephen Hawking and beyond. It takes the readers of all ages through a pleasant journey touching on the major discoveries and inventions that have taken place in both the macro-world, including that in the cosmos, and the micro-world of atomic and subatomic particles related to physics and astrophysics. Use of historical perspective and anecdote makes the storytelling on the progress of physics and astrophysics both interesting and absorbing. While peering through different developments in these fields, the book never compromises with the sanctity of the scientific content, including the depth and beauty of the physical concept of the topics concerned and the philosophical viewpoints they represent. Where appropriate, the book also delves into value judgments of life that affect our civilization. Features The intricate concepts of physics and astrophysics are explained in simple terms and in easy-to-understand language. Physics and astrophysics are discussed in a connected and correlated way in a single volume of comprehensive size but in totality, which to date is the unique feature of this book. Starting with Aristotle’s Physics and going through the work of Newton, Einstein, Schrödinger, Hubble, Hewish, Hawking, and others, including the present research on dark energy, dark matter, and the fifth force of nature, the reader will be kept absorbed and spellbound. In addition to the fundamental principles of Newtonian mechanics, Einstein’s relativity, quantum mechanics, string theory, loop quantum gravity, and so on, the cutting-edge technologies of recent times, such as the Large Hadron Collider, Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory, and Event Horizon Telescope, are also explored. The book is aimed primarily at undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and professionals studying physics and astrophysics. General readers will also find the book useful to quench their thirst for knowledge about the developments in physics and astrophysics.
Book Synopsis Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Dark Gravity by : Stephen Perrenod
Download or read book Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Dark Gravity written by Stephen Perrenod and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Dark Gravity make life possible!This book for the lay reader provides a summary of the latest astrophysical observational results and theoretical insights into what we know and what we hope to learn about dark matter, dark energy, and dark gravity.How did the profound beauty of our Earth, our Solar System, our Milky Way galaxy and indeed our universe unfold? Dark matter, dark energy, and dark gravity have made all the difference in how the universe has developed, and have been key to creating the overall environment that makes life possible. We have only recently developed the ability to begin unlocking their secrets, thus providing a deeper insight into how a universe of our type is possible. It seems that because of dark matter, dark energy and dark (weak) gravity, our universe has the right attributes for the development of complex structure and the evolution of intelligent life that can engage in the quest to understand our world. These "dark" or more hidden attributes of the cosmos have very good outcomes.In particular, the existence of dark matter makes it easier to form complex structures, including galaxies, stars and planets through gravitational collapse of denser regions of the universe. Planets are the most suitable abodes for the development of life. Dark energy acts to extend the lifetime of the universe by counteracting gravity and driving continued expansion of the universe.Even as far back as the 1930s there has been evidence that most of the matter in the universe was not visible via electromagnetic radiation (optical light, radio waves, etc.). By the last few decades of the 20th century, the case for a considerable amount of this dark matter was very strong. It is the second largest contributor to the total mass-energy of the universe. We don't know what it is and there are various candidates to explain it; nevertheless we see the gravitational effects of dark matter everywhere on the largest scales. Recent observational results indicate that dark matter dominates by a factor of 6 relative to the ordinary matter that makes up stars, planets, and living things.We now know that the major contributor to the mass-energy of the universe is not the substantial dark matter, but the 'newer' so-called dark energy. Dark energy acts to some extent as a negative gravity, and for the last several billion years has driven the expansion of the universe to a faster and faster pace, overcoming even the gravitational effect of dark matter. We have a general idea that it is the irreducible energy found in every volume of space, even in the absence of matter - in the vacuum. We don't understand why it takes the value that it does, one that is small in quantum particle physics terms, but nevertheless is of great significance on the large cosmological scale of the universe. The third important aspect to consider is not a mass-energy component, but the nature of gravity and space-time. The big question here is - why is gravity so relatively weak, as compared to the other 3 forces of nature? These 3 forces are the electromagnetic force, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force. Gravity is different - it has a dark or hidden side. It may very well operate in extra dimensions beyond the normal 4 dimensions of space-time that we can observe. This is what we mean in this book by "dark gravity".
Book Synopsis Gravitation and cosmology. Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting by : Alberto Lobo
Download or read book Gravitation and cosmology. Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting written by Alberto Lobo and published by Edicions Universitat Barcelona. This book was released on 2003 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reason, Faith, And Purpose: The Ultimate Gamble by : John R Fanchi
Download or read book Reason, Faith, And Purpose: The Ultimate Gamble written by John R Fanchi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reason, Faith, and Purpose: The Ultimate Gamble is a guide for believers and inquiring skeptics. This book summarizes the scientific view of the origins of the universe and life and analyzes the question of the existence of god from philosophical, religious, and scientific perspectives.The material is presented in two parts. Part I presents the secular, scientific view of the origin and evolution of the physical universe and life. Part II introduces other perspectives that are representative of ideas historically prevalent around the world. The material in Reason, Faith, and Purpose is designed to provide insight into the choice each of us must make in this life: the ultimate gamble.
Book Synopsis Bang to Eternity and Betwixt by : John Hussey
Download or read book Bang to Eternity and Betwixt written by John Hussey and published by John Hussey. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 3555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the Cosmos from before the Big Bang through to the creation of our universe and up to but not including our arrival on stage; our will is not yet imposed, we had no hand, act nor part in its provisions, beyond investigating to understand what has been delivered us. The many aspects of the Cosmos are melded, in a headline driven style, to paint a cohesive picture as well as allowing the reader choose to delve further where they may choose to paint their personal picture. Cosmos – includes; • The creation mechanism for our Universe and why there exists a possible Multiverse. • The creation mechanisms of the galaxies with their diversity of Star types. • The space exploration of our Solar System. • The Earth and Moon from their birth to their life driving engines for our planet. • The evolutionary processes that led to our arrival on the planet. • Our natural world with its great events. • Documentary video links on all topics of the book are included. The story is factual in manner, in the proper tradition of reporting, no personal opinions are expressed. The life stories of the standout personalities, in text and video, without whom what is now known, could not have been unraveled, in the case of Cosmos, they are; • Galileo Galilei • Isaac Newton • Albert Einstein • Charles Darwin This is a Video Book, vBook, beyond its text there are 150+ video titles, 100+ viewing hours, downloaded and stored locally on your computer, to be able to watch anytime, offline, without the need for local internet connection. Google ‘Cosmos’ and you get about 27,800,000 search results, so over these last several years I’ve searched out the best documentary videos with their hyperlinks included here, blending their content to report cohesively, supplementing, where appropriate, from Wikipedia and also include those hyperlinks for readers wanting to delve further. The ‘List of Contents’ runs to 6 levels to provide a form of map to the reader as the reporting sequence is not a mere chronology of Cosmic events, it delves, as necessary into the stories as to how the events became understood to us. There is a 7th level, hyperlinked, at its base, which brings further background content, from Wikipedia, to those who choose to read further into any of the topics. The ‘Index’ allows navigation for the reader who has specific interests to investigate through the fabric of the report. The ‘Text’ is structured to 4 levels beginning with the primary, headline driven, main body content followed by relevant Wikipedia extracts, indented in purple, for those choosing to read further into a particular topic through to hyperlinked Wikipedia - Full Article text within the book and in turn out to the website itself. For the reader that wants to stay with the big picture, main body content, there is a “Skip” link to take you past each of the extracts, on to the next headline title and main body content. There are 150+ video content links delivering 100+ hours of viewing time, of the best documentary film available online. The main sequence structure is; • Cosmology – Universe & Multiverse • Geology – Earth & Moon • Biology – Life – Plant & Animal • Ecology – Evolution & Environment – Plant, Animal & Human Special Edition There is also a Special Edition of this book available for US$49.95 which streams all video content from a secure Cloud Drive; therefore, video content cannot be removed by third party video platform providers such as YouTube, DailyMotion, Vimeo….. This Standard Edition streams from these. The Cloud Drive Server also allows you conveniently download to your local drive, as much video content as you choose, to watch, offline, at a time that best suits you. To view or purchase, paste the books ASIN: B00LEWY5WW into the Kindle Store search box. If you've any queries, feel welcome to contact [email protected]
Book Synopsis State of the Universe 2007 by : Martin A. Ratcliffe
Download or read book State of the Universe 2007 written by Martin A. Ratcliffe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-05 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book (and subsequent volumes issued annually) is to provide an annual astronomy review suitable for the popular science level reader. It will be published every year in September in a format suitable for an appeal to the Christmas market. The book will cover all major astronomical news on topics beyond the Solar System and place them in the context of the longer term goals that astronomers and astrophysicists around the world are aiming for. The target is to capture the excitement of modern astronomical research enabling reader to stay up-to-date with its rapid pace and development.
Book Synopsis Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics by : Lars Bergström
Download or read book Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics written by Lars Bergström and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-26 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with basic facts about the observable universe, this book reviews the complete range of topics that make up a degree course in cosmology and particle astrophysics. The book is self-contained - no specialised knowledge is required on the part of the reader, apart from undergraduate math and physics. This paperback edition targets students of physics, astrophysics and cosmology from advanced undergraduate to early graduate level.
Book Synopsis A General Theory of Fluid Mechanics by : Peiqing Liu
Download or read book A General Theory of Fluid Mechanics written by Peiqing Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a general introduction to fluid mechanics in the form of biographies and popular science. Based on the author’s extensive teaching experience, it combines natural science and human history, knowledge inheritance and cognition law to replace abstract concepts of fluid mechanics with intuitive and understandable physical concepts. In seven chapters, it describes the development of fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, computational fluid dynamics, experimental fluid dynamics, wind tunnel and water tunnel equipment, the mystery of flight and aerodynamic principles, and leading figures in fluid mechanics in order to spark beginners’ interest and allow them to gain a comprehensive understanding of the field’s development. It also provides a list of references for further study.
