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A Theory Of Universals Volume 2
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Book Synopsis A Theory of Universals: Volume 2 by : D. M. Armstrong
Download or read book A Theory of Universals: Volume 2 written by D. M. Armstrong and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1978 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a study, in two volumes, of one of the longest-standing philosophical problems: the problem of universals. In volume I David Armstrong surveys and criticizes the main approaches and solutions to the problems that have been canvassed, rejecting the various forms of nominalism and 'Platonic' realism. In volume II he develops an important theory of his own, an objective theory of universals based not on linguistic conventions, but on the actual and potential findings of natural science. He thus reconciles a realism about qualities and relations with an empiricist epistemology. The theory allows, too, for a convincing explanation of natural laws as relations between these universals.
Book Synopsis Universals by : James Porter Moreland
Download or read book Universals written by James Porter Moreland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Things are particulars and their qualities are universals, but do universals have an existence distinct from the particular things describable by those terms? And what must be their nature if they do? This book provides a careful and assured survey of the central issues of debate surrounding universals, in particular those issues that have been a crucial part of the emergence of contemporary analytic ontology. The book begins with a taxonomy of extreme nominalist, moderate nominalist, and realist positions on properties, and outlines the way each handles the phenomena of predication, resemblance, and abstract reference. The debate about properties and philosophical naturalism is also examined. Different forms of extreme nominalism, moderate nominalism, and minimalist realism are critiqued. Later chapters defend a traditional realist view of universals and examine the objections to realism from various infinite regresses, the difficulties in stating identity conditions for properties, and problems with realist accounts of knowledge of abstract objects. In addition, the debate between Platonists and Aristotelians is examined alongside a discussion of the relationship between properties and an adequate theory of existence. The book's final chapter explores the problem of individuating particulars. The book makes accessible a difficult topic without blunting the sophistication of argument required by a more advanced readership.
Book Synopsis Nominalism and Realism: Volume 1 by : D. M. Armstrong
Download or read book Nominalism and Realism: Volume 1 written by D. M. Armstrong and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1978-06-15 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a study, in two volumes, of one of the longest-standing philosophical problems: the problem of universals. In volume I David Armstrong surveys and criticizes the main approaches and solutions to the problems that have been canvassed, rejecting the various forms of nominalism and 'Platonic' realism. In volume II he develops an important theory of his own, an objective theory of universals based not on linguistic conventions, but on the actual and potential findings of natural science. He thus reconciles a realism about qualities and relations with an empiricist epistemology. The theory allows, too, for a convincing explanation of natural laws as relations between these universals.
Book Synopsis Substances and Universals in Aristotle's Metaphysics by : Theodore Scaltsas
Download or read book Substances and Universals in Aristotle's Metaphysics written by Theodore Scaltsas and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Theodore Scaltsas brings the insights of contemporary philosophy to bear on a classic problem in metaphysics that stems from Aristotle's theory of substance. Scaltsas provides an analysis of the enigmatic notions of potentiality and actuality, which he uses to explain Aristotle's substantial holism by showing how the concrete and the abstract parts of a substance form a dynamic, diachronic whole.
Book Synopsis Five Texts on the Mediaeval Problem of Universals by : Paul V. Spade
Download or read book Five Texts on the Mediaeval Problem of Universals written by Paul V. Spade and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 1994-03-15 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New translations of the central mediaeval texts on the problem of universals are presented here in an affordable edition suitable for use in courses in mediaeval philosophy, history of mediaeval philosophy, and universals. Includes a concise Introduction, glossary of important terms, notes, and bibliography.
Book Synopsis Universals of Language Today by : Sergio Scalise
Download or read book Universals of Language Today written by Sergio Scalise and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-11 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects the contributions presented at the international congress held at the University of Bologna in January 2007, where leading scholars of different persuasions and interests offered an up-to-date overview of the current status of the research on linguistic universals. The papers that make up the volume deal with both theoretical and empirical issues, and range over various domains, covering not only morphology and syntax, which were the major focus of Greenberg’s seminal work, but also phonology and semantics, as well as diachrony and second language acquisition. Diverse perspectives illustrate and discuss a huge number of phenomena from a wide variety of languages, not only exploring the way research on universals - tersects with different subareas of linguistics, but also contributing to the ongoing debate between functional and formal approaches to explaining the universals of language. This stimulating reading for scientists, researchers and postgraduate students in linguistics shows how different, but not irreconcilable, modes of explanation can complement each other, both offering fresh insights into the investigation of unity and diversity in languages, and pointing to exciting areas for future research. • A fresh and up-to-date survey of the present state of research on Universals of Language in an international context, with original contributions from leading specialists in the eld. • First-hand accounts of substantive ndings and theoretical observations in diff- ent subareas of linguistics. • Huge number of linguistic phenomena and data from diffferent languages a- lyzed and discussed in detail.
Book Synopsis What is a Law of Nature? by : D. M. Armstrong
Download or read book What is a Law of Nature? written by D. M. Armstrong and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1985, D. M. Armstrong's original work on what laws of nature are has continued to be influential in the areas of metaphysics and philosophy of science. Presenting a definitive attack on the sceptical Humean view, that laws are no more than a regularity of coincidence between stances of properties, Armstrong establishes his own theory and defends it concisely and systematically against objections. Presented in a fresh twenty-first-century series livery, and including a specially commissioned preface written by Marc Lange, illuminating its continuing importance and relevance to philosophical enquiry, this influential work is available for a new generation of readers.
Book Synopsis Causation and Universals by : Evan Fales
Download or read book Causation and Universals written by Evan Fales and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world contains objective causal relations and universals, both of which are intimately connected. If these claims are true, they must have far-reaching consequences, breathing new life into the theory of empirical knowledge and reinforcing epistemological realism. Without causes and universals, Professor Fales argues, realism is defeated, and idealism or scepticism wins. Fales begins with a detailed analysis of David Hume's argument that we have no direct experience of necessary connections between events, concluding that Hume was mistaken on this fundamental point. Then, adopting the view of Armstrong and others that causation is grounded in a second-order relation between universals, he explores a range of topics for which the resulting analysis of causation has systematic implications. In particular, causal identity conditions for physical universals are proposed, which generate a new argument for Platonism. The nature of space and time is discussed, with arguments against backward causation and for the view that space and time can exist independently of matter or causal process. Many of Professor Fales's conclusions seem to run counter to received opinion among contemporary empiricists. Yet his method is classically empiricist in spirit, and a chief motive for these metaphysical explorations is epistemological. The final chapters investigate the perennial question of whether an empiricist, internalist and foundational epistemology can support scientific realism.
Book Synopsis Word Order Universals by : John A Hawkins
Download or read book Word Order Universals written by John A Hawkins and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Word Order Universals
Book Synopsis A Materialist Theory of the Mind by : D.M. Armstrong
Download or read book A Materialist Theory of the Mind written by D.M. Armstrong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breaking new ground in the debate about the relation of mind and body, David Armstrong's classic text - first published in 1968 - remains the most compelling and comprehensive statement of the view that the mind is material or physical. In the preface to this new edition, the author reflects on the book's impact and considers it in the light of subsequent developments. He also provides a bibliography of all the key writings to have appeared in the materialist debate.
Book Synopsis Cultural Connections by : Morris J. Vogel
Download or read book Cultural Connections written by Morris J. Vogel and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illustrates the history, civilization, and social conditions of the United States via artifacts, paintings, and other objects from the collections of cultural institutions in Philadelphia and environs.
Book Synopsis On the Genealogy of Universals by : Fraser MacBride
Download or read book On the Genealogy of Universals written by Fraser MacBride and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concepts of particular and universal have become so familiar that their significance has become difficult to discern, like coins that have been passed back and forth too many times, worn smooth so their values can no longer be read. On the Genealogy of Universals seeks to overcome our sense of over-familiarity with these concepts by providing a case study of their evolution during the late 19th century and early 20th century, a study that shows how the history of these concepts is bound up with the origins and development of analytic philosophy itself. Understanding how these concepts were taken up, transfigured and given up by the early analytic philosophers, enables us to recover and reanimate the debate amongst them that otherwise remains Delphic - to interpret some of the early, originating texts of analytic philosophy that have hitherto baffled commentators, including Moore's early papers, to appreciate afresh the neglected contributions of philosophical figures that historians of analytic philosophy have mostly since forgot, including Stout and Whitehead, and to shed new light upon the relationships of Moore to Russell and Russell to Wittgenstein.
Download or read book Universals written by D. M. Armstrong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this short text, a distinguished philosopher turns his attention to one of the oldest and most fundamental philosophical problems of all: How it is that we are able to sort and classify different things as being of the same natural class? Professor Armstrong carefully sets out six major theories,ancient, modern, and contemporary,and assesses the strengths and weaknesses of each. Recognizing that there are no final victories or defeats in metaphysics, Armstrong nonetheless defends a traditional account of universals as the most satisfactory theory we have.This study is written for advanced students, but as Armstrong goes considerably beyond his earlier work on this topic, it will interest professional scholars as well. Carefully plotted and clearly written, Universals is both a paradigm of exposition and a case study on the value of careful analysis of fundamental issues in philosophy.
Book Synopsis Metaphysics of States of Affairs by : Bo R. Meinertsen
Download or read book Metaphysics of States of Affairs written by Bo R. Meinertsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-06 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the metaphysics of Armstrongian states of affairs, i.e. instantiations of naturalist universals by particulars. The author argues that states of affairs are the best candidate for truthmakers and, in the spirit of logical atomism, that we need no molecular truthmakers for positive truths. In the book's context, this has the pleasing result that there are no molecular states of affairs. Following this account of truthmaking, the author first shows that the particulars in (first-order) states of affairs are bare particulars. He then argues that the properties in states of affairs are simple, non-relational and concrete universals. Next, he argues that (material) relations in states of affairs are external relations. Lastly, he argues that a state of affairs is unified by a distinctive formal relation without giving rise to Bradley’s regress. Written in a relatively non-technical style, the book offers a valuable resource for philosophers working on analytic metaphysics and ontology, as well as their graduate students.
Book Synopsis A Combinatorial Theory of Possibility by : D. M. Armstrong
Download or read book A Combinatorial Theory of Possibility written by D. M. Armstrong and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-09-29 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface Part I. Non-Naturalist Theories of Possibility: 1. Causal argument 2. Non-Naturalist theories of possibility Part II. A Combinatorial and Naturalist Account of Possibility: 3. Possibility in a simple world 4. Expanding and contracting the world 5. Relative atoms 6. Are there de re incompatibilities and necessities? 7. Higher-order entities, negation and causation 8. Supervenience 9. Mathematics 10. Final questions: logic Works cited Appendix: Tractarian Nominalism Brian Skyrms Index.
Book Synopsis Sign Language and Linguistic Universals by : Wendy Sandler
Download or read book Sign Language and Linguistic Universals written by Wendy Sandler and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-02 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sign languages are of great interest to linguists, because while they are the product of the same brain, their physical transmission differs greatly from that of spoken languages. In this pioneering and original study, Wendy Sandler and Diane Lillo-Martin compare sign languages with spoken languages, in order to seek the universal properties they share. Drawing on general linguistic theory, they describe and analyze sign language structure, showing linguistic universals in the phonology, morphology, and syntax of sign language, while also revealing non-universal aspects of its structure that must be attributed to its physical transmission system. No prior background in sign language linguistics is assumed, and numerous pictures are provided to make descriptions of signs and facial expressions accessible to readers. Engaging and informative, Sign Language and Linguistic Universals will be invaluable to linguists, psychologists, and all those interested in sign languages, linguistic theory and the universal properties of human languages.
Book Synopsis Papers in Ethics and Social Philosophy: Volume 3 by : David Lewis
Download or read book Papers in Ethics and Social Philosophy: Volume 3 written by David Lewis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third volume of Lewis's papers is devoted to his work in ethics and social philosophy. Topics covered include the logic of obligation and permission; decision theory and its relation to the idea that beliefs might play the motivating role of desires; a subjectivist analysis o f value; dilemmas in virtue ethics; the problem of evil; problems about self-prediction; social coordination, linguistic and otherwise; alleged duties to rescue distant strangers; toleration as a tacit treaty; nuclear warfare; and punishment. The purpose of this collection, and the two preceding volumes, is to disseminate more widely the work of an eminent and influential contemporary philosopher.
