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A Spatial Analysis Of Maize Marketing Policy Reforms In Zambia
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Book Synopsis A Spatial Analysis of Maize Marketing Policy Reforms in Zambia by : Anthony Mwanaumo
Download or read book A Spatial Analysis of Maize Marketing Policy Reforms in Zambia written by Anthony Mwanaumo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study we analyze recent and proposed maize marketing reforms in Zambia. To capture the effects of changing transport systems, we use a continuous-space model in place of the traditional point-representation model of Takayama and Judge. This method permits us to use prereform data on supply, demand, and transport costs to infer both intra- and interregional effects of liberalization and shows that the welfare gains from liberalization are larger than commonly thought. These results provide policy makers with estimates of the magnitude of change associated with alternative reform programs, beyond what would be available from a conventional approach.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Maize Marketing Policy Reforms in Zambia by : Anthony Mwanaumo
Download or read book The Effects of Maize Marketing Policy Reforms in Zambia written by Anthony Mwanaumo and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of the Farm-to-retail Maize Marketing Margins in Zambia by : Olipa N. Zulu
Download or read book Analysis of the Farm-to-retail Maize Marketing Margins in Zambia written by Olipa N. Zulu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Zambian government like most African governments continue to intervene in food markets. One such intervention mechanism used in Zambia is the Food Reserve Agency which provides marketing opportunities to farmers but at the same time protects farmers against the exploitative behaviour of private traders. These private traders are believed to extract monopoly rents from their position between scattered and ill-informed producers, on one hand, and captive consumers, on the other hand. Marketing margin analysis has usually been used to examine the behaviour and competitiveness of markets and the share of a retail commodity price accruing to farmers. Most studies that have used marketing margins analysis have typically considered margins to vary either spatially or temporally. There has been little attempt to understand how or why marketing margins may vary across households holding both space and time constant, even though inter-household variability has been observed in most rural maize marketing areas. This study, therefore, determines the relative importance of spatial factors, temporal factors, and household-specific factors in the maize prices received by farmers in Zambia and in the associated farm-to-retail marketing margin under the assembly trader channel. Understanding where most of the variation in marketing margins and farm prices comes from is an important question that has great policy implications. The study findings reveal that the mean farm-to-retail marketing margin was ZMK195.70 per kg of maize, compared to a mean retail price of ZMK1018.44 per kg. On average, the farm-gate price was 80 percent of the price obtaining at the retail centres. However, there are wide variations in the prices received by farmers even within the same localized areas and time of sales. Spatial factors were found to account for the largest source of explained variation (72%) in the maize marketing margin and farm-gate prices obtained by farmers. There is wide inter-district variability in marketing margins. Temporal factors account for the second largest explained variation (16.7%) in the marketing margin and the price obtained by farmers. Household-specific factors account for the smallest source of explained variation (11.3%) in the marketing margin; factors that were found to significantly affect the size of the marketing margin were marital status, kinship ties to either the chief or village elders and access to price information. The wide inter-household variation in farm-gate prices within the same locality and month suggest the importance of unobserved household-specific factors. These results indicate that the prices that maize farmers in Zambia obtain are not exogenous to farmer characteristics and attributes. In order to raise maize prices that farmers obtain, policies should be aimed at providing timely price information to farmers. Given the importance of spatial factors in explaining variations in farm-gate prices and marketing margins, the results suggest that improved road infrastructure in areas where marketing margins are high could significantly improve farm-gate prices. Lastly, the study reveals that roughly 75% of the farmers did not travel to sell their produce, because the assembly traders travelled to their homesteads to buy maize. For those farmers who did travel off their farms to market their grain, the average distance travelled from the farm to the point of maize sale was 4.5km. These findings suggest that private traders are relieving most Zambian maize farmers of the need to organize transport for them to sell their grain. Nevertheless, the study’s findings indicate great potential for specific public sector investments to narrow the wedge between maize prices received by farmers, and those paid by consumers.
Book Synopsis Reforms of the Maize Market System in Zambia by : F. Kapola Sipula
Download or read book Reforms of the Maize Market System in Zambia written by F. Kapola Sipula and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia by : Klaus W. Deininger
Download or read book Why Liberalization Alone Has Not Improved Agricultural Productivity in Zambia written by Klaus W. Deininger and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policies to foster accumulation of the assets needed for agricultural production (including draft animals and implements) and to provide complementary public goods (education, credit, and good agricultural extension services)could greatly help reduce poverty and improve productivity in Zambia.
Book Synopsis Reforming agricultural markets in Africa by : Kherallah, Mylene
Download or read book Reforming agricultural markets in Africa written by Kherallah, Mylene and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-term reduction of hunger and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa remains one of the great challenges for the international development community. Eliminating hunger and promoting widespread growth in the region inevitably involves agriculture, given its central role in the regions economies. Over the past 20 years, most African governments have carried out reforms to deregulate agricultural markets and reduce the role of state enterprises. How much has the state actually withdrawn from agricultural markets? Have well-functioning private markets emerged? How successful were these reforms in boosting agricultural production, economic growth, and the incomes of the rural poor? What lessons can we learn from the reform process? The authors of this book address these questions through an analysis based on an extensive review of experiences with reform, focusing on three major agricultural markets: fertilizer, food crops, and export crops. They examine the historical rationales for intervention, the factors contributing to reform, the process of implementation, and the impact of the reforms on farmers and consumers in Sub-Saharan Africa. The authors find that reforms have had many favorable results, but that the impact has been muted by partial implementation and structural constraints. They propose a new agenda for promoting the development of agricultural markets in Sub-Saharan Africa, identifying areas where governments can play a supportive role. They argue that appropriate agricultural marketing policies and investments can improve livelihoods and the economic health of the region.
Book Synopsis International Human Rights Law and Practice by : Ilias Bantekas
Download or read book International Human Rights Law and Practice written by Ilias Bantekas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 925 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights law is a complex but compelling subject that fascinates, but often confuses, students. International Human Rights Law and Practice explores the subject from a theoretical and practical perspective, guiding students to a rich understanding of the law. The second edition has been fully revised and updated, including two new chapters on children's rights and international criminal law, and new sections on a variety of topics, including the right to equality, the protection of refugees and the effect of foreign investment and sovereign debt on the enjoyment of human rights. In addition, new case studies and interviews with practitioners, NGO activists and policymakers show how theory is applied in real life. Student learning is supported by questions to stimulate seminar discussion and further reading sections that encourage independent study. The authors' clear and engaging writing style ensures that this new edition will continue to be required reading for all students of human rights law.
Book Synopsis Structure, conduct and performance of maize markets in Malawi by : Ochieng, Dennis O.
Download or read book Structure, conduct and performance of maize markets in Malawi written by Ochieng, Dennis O. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-08-21 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonal analysis of the structure, conduct, and performance (SCP) of markets for staple crops has received relatively little attention in food policy analysis yet it has important implications for food and nutrition security. This study employs a mixed methods approach to analyze the SCP of maize markets in Malawi in the 2018/19 main harvest and lean seasons. We interviewed 749 traders from 74 markets across 8 districts, held 28 focus group discussions (FGD) with a total of 480 farmers and analyzed daily and weekly price data from 13 regional markets. The structure of maize markets was explored by examining marketing channels, barriers to entry and the competitiveness of different tiers of the marketing chain. Inequality in sales revenues, switches in trader types between seasons, quality and weights standardization, and the behavior of traders were used to examine market conduct. Performance was assessed by examining traders’ costs and margins, and the spatial and temporal integration of maize markets. We find that Malawi’s maize market is pyramidal in structure and highly competitive at lower tiers of trade but ‘oligopolistic’ at higher tiers. The market channels vary across seasons with switches between trader types and instances of rural-urban trade reversals. There is considerable inequality of sales revenues among traders of similar capacities, and a widespread lack of structured trading despite existing institutions. A high ratio of marketing costs to revenue suggests marketing inefficiencies. Malawi maize prices were highly seasonal and more volatile than neighboring countries. In contrast to previous studies, our findings show weak spatial integration of markets and slow price adjustments to long-run equilibrium values even among short-distance market pairs. The study highlights five pathways to improving Malawi’s maize marketing system: (1) increased policy predictability to promote private-sector investment; (2) institutionalization of quality grades and standardization of weights and measures; (3) increased commercialization of smallholder maize production; (4) investment in enabling infrastructure; and (5) the promotion of structured trading.
Book Synopsis An Analysis of Alternative Maize Marketing Policies in South Africa by : Thomas S. Jayne
Download or read book An Analysis of Alternative Maize Marketing Policies in South Africa written by Thomas S. Jayne and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Agricultural policy reforms and regional market integration in Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe by : Alberto Valdés
Download or read book Agricultural policy reforms and regional market integration in Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe written by Alberto Valdés and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: General policy environment; Current status of and reform proposals for agriculture; Effects of domestic policy reforms on food security; Potential for intraregional trade.
Book Synopsis Food Production in Zambia by : Munacinga Simatele
Download or read book Food Production in Zambia written by Munacinga Simatele and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Zambia the Relevance of a Rules-based Maize Marketing Policy by :
Download or read book Zambia the Relevance of a Rules-based Maize Marketing Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Relevance of a Rules-Based Maize Marketing Policy by : Klaus Abbink
Download or read book The Relevance of a Rules-Based Maize Marketing Policy written by Klaus Abbink and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategic interaction between public and private actors is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of agricultural market performance in Africa and elsewhere. Trust and consultation tend to positively affect private activity while uncertainty of government behavior impedes it. This paper reports on a laboratory experiment based on a stylized model of the Zambian maize market. The experiment facilitates a comparison between discretionary interventionism and a rules-based policy in which the government pre-commits itself to a future course of action. A simple precommitment rule can, in theory, overcome the prevailing strategic dilemma by encouraging private sector participation. Although this result is also borne out in the economic experiment, the improvement in private sector activity is surprisingly small and not statistically significant due to irrationally cautious choices by experimental governments. Encouragingly, a rules-based policy promotes a much more stable market outcome, thereby substantially reducing the risk of severe food shortages. These results underscore the importance of predictable and transparent rules for the state's involvement in agricultural markets.
Book Synopsis Zambia - The Relevance of a Rules-Based Maize Marketing Policy by : Weltbank
Download or read book Zambia - The Relevance of a Rules-Based Maize Marketing Policy written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical barrier to achieving food security and rural income growth in the mixed food marketing systems characterizing many Eastern and Southern African countries revolves around the way that governments and the private sector interact. In shortage years, governments may question the capacity of the private sector to import maize, and thus arrange imports on their own to cover the shortfall. At the same time, traders' import decisions depend on their expectations regarding governments' response to food shortages. Social dilemmas can arise if traders are uncertain about future government behavior or lack trust in official announcements. This paper argues that well-functioning markets depend on transparent and predictable government behavior underpinned by mutual trust and cooperation. The authors report on an economic policy experiment based on a stylized model of the Zambian maize market. The experiment facilitates a comparison between the current government policy of discretionary interventionism and a rules-based policy in which the government precommits itself to a future course of action. A simple precommitment rule can overcome the social dilemma by reducing the risk of food crises and provide appropriate incentives for private traders' participation in the market, thereby enhancing economic efficiency. Exploring mechanisms that can support more predictable and rules-based policy responses to food shortages may therefore be beneficial to the Government of Zambia and to other governments in the region.
Book Synopsis A farm-level perspective of the policy challenges for export diversification in Malawi by : Johnson, Michael E.
Download or read book A farm-level perspective of the policy challenges for export diversification in Malawi written by Johnson, Michael E. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of the study is to investigate the potential to expand oilseeds, specifically soybeans,as an alternative commercialcrop to tobacco among Malawian farmers. A principal motivation for undertaking the study at the microeconomic level is to determine, in a theoretically consistent fashion, the type of policy and economic environment under which farmers begin to shift more of their scarce resources to oilseed production.The study aims to provide recommendations to a growing demand among policy makers and development partners for a greater diversification of exports and crop production systems of the majority smallholder farmers in Malawi. Using representative farm models, the study examinesthe potential for expanding production of soybeans among typical smallholder farming systems in Malawi. The results will help guide future policies and investments targeted at promoting greater crop diversification and incomes, in order to reduce poverty and malnutrition in Malawi. Given the amount of labor and land resources allocated to maize production for food security purposes, we also consider the policy challenges that emerge for crop diversification as a result
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Markets and Welfare in Sub-Sahara Africa by : Jenny Carson Aker
Download or read book Three Essays on Markets and Welfare in Sub-Sahara Africa written by Jenny Carson Aker and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Contents of Recent Economics Journals by :
Download or read book Contents of Recent Economics Journals written by and published by . This book was released on 1997-12-19 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
