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Author : Walter Adams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)
Download or read book A Report on the Strategic Importance of Western Europe written by Walter Adams and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wolfram F. Hanrieder
Publisher : Cambridge, Mass. : Winthrop Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book The United States and Western Europe written by Wolfram F. Hanrieder and published by Cambridge, Mass. : Winthrop Publishers. This book was released on 1974 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Greg Clark
Publisher : European Investment Bank
ISBN 13 : 9286138784
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (861 download)
Download or read book The story of your city written by Greg Clark and published by European Investment Bank. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the end of this century, 9 out of 10 Europeans will live in an urban area. But what kind of city will they call home? You'll find all the answers in CITY, TRANSFORMED, the new essay series from the European Investment Bank. This panoramic first essay in the series lays out a great sweeping history of European cities over the last fifty years—and showcases new directions being taken by some of our most innovative cities. Urban experts Greg Clark, Tim Moonen, and Jake Nunley based at University College London take a definitive look at how Europe's cities transformed from post-industrial decline to thriving metropolises that are as prosperous and liveable as anywhere on Earth.
Author : Erdener Kaynak
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136437592
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)
Download or read book Marketing Issues in Western Europe written by Erdener Kaynak and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Be prepared for the differences in marketing across European borders! Europe is not a uniform market. Each country is comprised of differing marketing systems of varying importance. Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments clears the fog from marketing practices and strategic issues for this crucial area of the business world. This detailed examination of Western European industries and marketing practices not only clearly explores the shifting trends within the countries described, but can also be seen as a bellwether for neighboring regions on the continent. Respected international experts provide an up-to-date inside look at what the pressing concerns are and what unique strategies work for business in various sectors. The European Union’s birth can be traced back to 1951 when six countries of Western Europe banded together to form what was then known as the European Coal and Steel Community. Since then, Western Europe has played a significant role as the nucleus for the important marketing trends and industry changes for the entire EU. Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments provides conceptual frameworks, illustrative case studies, deep analytical insights into marketing issues, detailed empirical data, and thoughtful propositions for future testing. International business researchers, business and marketing consultants, developmental agencies, and companies prospectively interested in investment will find this book to be crucial for making decisions involving marketing in the countries of the EU or the rest of the continent. Chapters are richly referenced, and several include tables and charts to clearly illustrate data. Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments includes: a thought-provoking look at the multidimensional state of marketing in Western Europe a probing appraisal of Pan-European marketing with a proposed conceptual framework a review of the marketing consequences of internal market unification an exploratory study of marketing practice and market orientation a penetrating look at the role of domestic animosity in consumer choice detailed research describing price strategy in the EU an exploration of the impact of fear appeal in a cross-cultural context and more! Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments is a probing examination of the dynamic marketing developments in Western European countries to give you the insight needed to effectively prepare for the future.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book INF Negotiations written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bruce D. Jones
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815729545
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)
Download or read book The Marshall Plan and the Shaping of American Strategy written by Bruce D. Jones and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-02-07 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " How the United States helped restore a Europe battered by World War II and created the foundation for the postwar international order Seventy years ago, in the wake of World War II, the United States did something almost unprecedented in world history: It launched and paid for an economic aid plan to restore a continent reeling from war. The European Recovery Plan—better known as the Marshall Plan, after chief advocate Secretary of State George C. Marshall—was in part an act of charity but primarily an act of self-interest, intended to prevent postwar Western Europe from succumbing to communism. By speeding the recovery of Europe and establishing the basis for NATO and diplomatic alliances that endure to this day, it became one of the most successful U.S. government programs ever. The Brookings Institution played an important role in the adoption of the Marshall Plan. At the request of Arthur Vandenberg, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Brookings scholars analyzed the plan, including the specifics of how it could be implemented. Their report gave Vandenberg the information he needed to shepherd the plan through a Republican-dominated Congress in a presidential election year. In his foreword to this book, Brookings president Strobe Talbott reviews the global context in which the Truman administration pushed the Marshall Plan through Congress, as well as Brookings' role in that process. The book includes Marshall's landmark speech at Harvard University in June 1947 laying out the rationale for the European aid program, the full text of the report from Brookings analyzing the plan, and the lecture Marshall gave upon receiving the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953. The book concludes with an essay by Bruce Jones and Will Moreland that demonstrates how the Marshall Plan helped shape the entire postwar era and how today's leaders can learn from the plan's challenges and successes. "
Author : European Investment Bank
Publisher : European Investment Bank
ISBN 13 : 9286148151
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (861 download)
Download or read book The European Fund for Strategic Investments: The Legacy written by European Investment Bank and published by European Investment Bank. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inside story of the European Fund for Strategic Investments from 2015 to 2020 told through interviews with the Managing Director, Deputy Managing Director, members of the Investment Committee and final beneficiaries across Europe. The architects of this €500 billion-plus programme, the head of the EU bank and the president of the European Commission, describe the genesis of this financial pillar of the Investment Plan for Europe. Then the people who ran one of the biggest economic stimulus programmes in history detail how they did it—and what the lessons are for policymakers responding to new crises, including the economic shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The European Fund for Strategic Investments has been one of the good news stories to emerge in a decade of economic uncertainty. It has gone well beyond its highly ambitious target of €500 billion in mobilised investments. The Juncker Plan has made a strong contribution to the 14 million jobs created in the EU between 2015 and 2020. It has become a success in co-financing projects that otherwise might not have been carried through. It has also charted the path towards new ways of financing. This is not only the case in relatively conventional areas, such as infrastructure, but also in sectors like research and innovation or the contribution to climate change mitigation. This is exactly what makes EFSI so ground-breaking: responding to the needs of the market through continuous financial innovation. The principle of the European Fund for Strategic Investments is here to stay. It has paved the way for its successor, the InvestEU programme, which is to be deployed under the 2021-2027 multiannual financial framework. This publication details why the programme was such a success.
Author : Craig Parsons
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501732080
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)
Download or read book A Certain Idea of Europe written by Craig Parsons and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quasi-federal European Union stands out as the major exception in the thinly institutionalized world of international politics. Something has led Europeans—and only Europeans—beyond the nation-state to a fundamentally new political architecture. Craig Parsons argues in A Certain Idea of Europe that this "something" was a particular set of ideas generated in Western Europe after the Second World War. In Parsons's view, today's European Union reflects the ideological (and perhaps visionary) project of an elite minority. His book traces the progressive victory of this project in France, where the battle over European institutions erupted most divisively. Drawing on archival research and extensive interviews with French policymakers, the author carefully traces a fifty-year conflict between radically different European plans. Only through aggressive leadership did the advocates of a supranational "community" Europe succeed at building the EU and binding their opponents within it. Parsons puts the causal impact of ideas, and their binding effects through institutions, at the center of his book. In so doing he presents a strong logic of "social construction"—a sharp departure from other accounts of EU history that downplay the role of ideas and ideology.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1544 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book American Foreign Policy, Current Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 1544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Glenn Diesen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 153816177X
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)
Download or read book Europe as the Western Peninsula of Greater Eurasia written by Glenn Diesen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Will the increased economic connectivity across the Eurasian supercontinent transform Europe into the western peninsula of Greater Eurasia? The unipolar era entailed the US organising the two other major economic regions of the world, Europe and Asia, under US leadership. The rise of “the rest”, primarily Asia with China at the centre, has ended the unipolar era and even 500-years of Western dominance. China and Russia are leading efforts to integrate Europe and Asia into one large region. The Greater Eurasian region is constructed with three categories of economic connectivity – strategic industries built on new and disruptive technologies; physical connectivity with bimodal transportation corridors; and financial connectivity with new development banks, trading currencies and payments systems. China strives for geoeconomic leadership by replacing the US leadership position, while Russia endeavours to reposition itself from the dual periphery of Europe and Asia to the centre of a grand Eurasian geoeconomic constellation. Europe, positioned between the trans-Atlantic region and Greater Eurasia, has to adapt to the new international distribution of power to preserve its strategic autonomy.
Author : Roger D. Petersen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781107010666
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Western Intervention in the Balkans written by Roger D. Petersen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conflicts involve powerful experiences. The residue of these experiences is captured by the concept and language of emotion. Indiscriminate killing creates fear; targeted violence produces anger and a desire for vengeance; political status reversals spawn resentment; cultural prejudices sustain ethnic contempt. These emotions can become resources for political entrepreneurs. A broad range of Western interventions are based on a view of human nature as narrowly rational. Correspondingly, intervention policy generally aims to alter material incentives ("sticks and carrots") to influence behavior. In response, poorer and weaker actors who wish to block or change this Western implemented "game" use emotions as resources. This book examines the strategic use of emotion in the conflicts and interventions occurring in the Western Balkans over a twenty-year period. The book concentrates on the conflicts among Albanian and Slavic populations (Kosovo, Montenegro, Macedonia, South Serbia), along with some comparisons to Bosnia.
Author : Hanspeter Kriesi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139561057
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)
Download or read book Political Conflict in Western Europe written by Hanspeter Kriesi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the consequences of globalization for the structure of political conflicts in Western Europe? How are political conflicts organized and articulated in the twenty-first century? And how does the transformation of territorial boundaries affect the scope and content of political conflicts? This book sets out to answer these questions by analyzing the results of a study of national and European electoral campaigns, protest events and public debates in six West European countries. While the mobilization of the losers in the processes of globalization by new right populist parties is seen to be the driving force of the restructuring of West European politics, the book goes beyond party politics. It attempts to show how the cleavage coalitions that are shaping up under the impact of globalization extend to state actors, interest groups and social movement organizations, and how the new conflicts are framed by the various actors involved.
Author : Philip T. Hoffman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691175845
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Why Did Europe Conquer the World? written by Philip T. Hoffman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-24 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The startling economic and political answers behind Europe's historical dominance Between 1492 and 1914, Europeans conquered 84 percent of the globe. But why did Europe establish global dominance, when for centuries the Chinese, Japanese, Ottomans, and South Asians were far more advanced? In Why Did Europe Conquer the World?, Philip Hoffman demonstrates that conventional explanations—such as geography, epidemic disease, and the Industrial Revolution—fail to provide answers. Arguing instead for the pivotal role of economic and political history, Hoffman shows that if certain variables had been different, Europe would have been eclipsed, and another power could have become master of the world. Hoffman sheds light on the two millennia of economic, political, and historical changes that set European states on a distinctive path of development, military rivalry, and war. This resulted in astonishingly rapid growth in Europe's military sector, and produced an insurmountable lead in gunpowder technology. The consequences determined which states established colonial empires or ran the slave trade, and even which economies were the first to industrialize. Debunking traditional arguments, Why Did Europe Conquer the World? reveals the startling reasons behind Europe's historic global supremacy.
Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board. Committee for an International Comparison of National Policies and Expectations Affecting Public Transit
Publisher : Washington, D.C. : Transportation Research Board, National Research Council
ISBN 13 : 9780309067485
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (674 download)
Download or read book Making Transit Work written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board. Committee for an International Comparison of National Policies and Expectations Affecting Public Transit and published by Washington, D.C. : Transportation Research Board, National Research Council. This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report was prepared for policy makers searching for ways to boost public transit use in U.S. urban areas and wishing to know what can be learned from the experiences of Canada and Western Europe. Describes the differences in public transit use among U.S., Canadian, and Western European cities; identifies those factors, from urban form to automobile usage, that have contributed to these differences; and offers hypotheses about the reasons for these differences--from historical, demographic, and economic conditions to specific public policies, such as automobile taxation and urban land use regulation.
Author : Louis Snyder
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351478605
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)
Download or read book The New Nationalism written by Louis Snyder and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nationalism, the state of mind in which the individual's supreme loyalty is owed to the nation-state, remains the strongest of political emotions. As a historical phenomenon, it is always in flux, changing according to no preconceived pattern. In The New Nationalism, Louis L. Snyder sees various forms of nationalism, and categorizes them as a force for unity; a force for the status quo; a force for independence; a force for fraternity; a force for colonial expansion; a force for aggression; a force for economic expansion; and a force for anti-colonialism. In Snyder's opinion, nationalism should be differentiated from Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism," a phrase he borrowed from Herbert D. Croly's The Promise of American Life. Croly warned that giving too much power to big industry and finance would lead to the degradation of the masses, and that state and federal intervention must be pursued on all economic fronts. Roosevelt expanded upon this concept, and saw the flourishing of democratic government as a means of reviving the old pioneer sense of individualism and opportunity. Snyder, in contrast, extends the work of the two major pioneers in the study of modern nationalism, Carlton J. H. Hayes and Hans Kohn, in exploring this most powerful sentiment of modern times, and showing how it relates to the political, economic, and psychological tendencies of historical development.
Author : Niels P. Petersson
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303026002X
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)
Download or read book Shipping and Globalization in the Post-War Era written by Niels P. Petersson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book belongs to the Maritime Business and Economic History strand of the Palgrave Studies in Maritime Economics book series. This volume highlights the contribution of the shipping industry to the transformations in business and society of the postwar era. Shipping was both an example and an engine of globalization and structural change. In turn, the industry experienced and pioneered, mirrored and enabled key developments that led to the present-day globalized economy. Contributions address issues such as the macro-level shift of shipping’s centre of gravity from Europe to Asia, the political and legal frameworks within which it developed, the strategies and performance of both successful and unsuccessful firms, and the links between the shipping industry and the wider economy and society. Without shipping and its ability to forge connections and networks of a global reach, the modern world would look very different. By bringing together scholars from various disciplinary and national backgrounds, this book advances our understanding of the linkages that bind economies and societies together.
Author : Benn Steil
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1501102397
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (11 download)
Download or read book The Marshall Plan written by Benn Steil and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 2018 American Academy of Diplomacy Douglas Dillon Award Shortlisted for the 2018 Duff Cooper Prize in Literary Nonfiction “[A] brilliant book…by far the best study yet” (Paul Kennedy, The Wall Street Journal) of the gripping history behind the Marshall Plan and its long-lasting influence on our world. In the wake of World War II, with Britain’s empire collapsing and Stalin’s on the rise, US officials under new Secretary of State George C. Marshall set out to reconstruct western Europe as a bulwark against communist authoritarianism. Their massive, costly, and ambitious undertaking would confront Europeans and Americans alike with a vision at odds with their history and self-conceptions. In the process, they would drive the creation of NATO, the European Union, and a Western identity that continue to shape world events. Benn Steil’s “thoroughly researched and well-written account” (USA TODAY) tells the story behind the birth of the Cold War, told with verve, insight, and resonance for today. Focusing on the critical years 1947 to 1949, Benn Steil’s gripping narrative takes us through the seminal episodes marking the collapse of postwar US-Soviet relations—the Prague coup, the Berlin blockade, and the division of Germany. In each case, Stalin’s determination to crush the Marshall Plan and undermine American power in Europe is vividly portrayed. Bringing to bear fascinating new material from American, Russian, German, and other European archives, Steil’s account will forever change how we see the Marshall Plan. “Trenchant and timely…an ambitious, deeply researched narrative that…provides a fresh perspective on the coming Cold War” (The New York Times Book Review), The Marshall Plan is a polished and masterly work of historical narrative. An instant classic of Cold War literature, it “is a gripping, complex, and critically important story that is told with clarity and precision” (The Christian Science Monitor).
