A Preliminary Study of Solar Powered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Download or read book A Preliminary Study of Solar Powered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Preliminary Study of Solar Powered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis A Preliminary Study of Solar Powered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains by : David W. Hall

Download or read book A Preliminary Study of Solar Powered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains written by David W. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Preliminary Study of Solar Powdered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis A Preliminary Study of Solar Powdered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains by :

Download or read book A Preliminary Study of Solar Powdered Aircraft and Associated Power Trains written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

NASA Technical Memorandum

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis NASA Technical Memorandum by :

Download or read book NASA Technical Memorandum written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 702 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

NASA Technical Paper

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis NASA Technical Paper by :

Download or read book NASA Technical Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mission Analysis of Solar Powered Aircraft

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Mission Analysis of Solar Powered Aircraft by :

Download or read book Mission Analysis of Solar Powered Aircraft written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications by :

Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

High Altitude Solar Power Platform

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis High Altitude Solar Power Platform by : M. D. Bailey

Download or read book High Altitude Solar Power Platform written by M. D. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Applied Computational Aerodynamics

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316240290
Total Pages : 893 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (162 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Computational Aerodynamics by : Russell M. Cummings

Download or read book Applied Computational Aerodynamics written by Russell M. Cummings and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page 893 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This computational aerodynamics textbook is written at the undergraduate level, based on years of teaching focused on developing the engineering skills required to become an intelligent user of aerodynamic codes. This is done by taking advantage of CA codes that are now available and doing projects to learn the basic numerical and aerodynamic concepts required. This book includes a number of unique features to make studying computational aerodynamics more enjoyable. These include: • The computer programs used in the book's projects are all open source and accessible to students and practicing engineers alike on the book's website, www.cambridge.org/aerodynamics. The site includes access to images, movies, programs, and more • The computational aerodynamics concepts are given relevance by CA Concept Boxes integrated into the chapters to provide realistic asides to the concepts • Readers can see fluids in motion with the Flow Visualization Boxes carefully integrated into the text.

Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1464 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents by :

Download or read book Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Flight mechanics and flight control for a multibody aircraft

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Publisher : Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin
ISBN 13 : 3798330360
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Flight mechanics and flight control for a multibody aircraft by : Köthe, Alexander

Download or read book Flight mechanics and flight control for a multibody aircraft written by Köthe, Alexander and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aircraft operating as so-called High Altitude Platform Systems (HAPS) have been considered as a complementary technology to satellites since several years. These aircraft can be used for similar communication and monitoring tasks while operating at a fraction of the cost. Such concepts have been successfully tested. Those include the AeroVironment Helios and the Airbus Zephyr, with an endurance of nearly 624 hours (26 days). All these HAPS aircraft have a high-aspect-ratio wing using lightweight construction. In gusty atmosphere, this results in high bending moments and high structural loads, which can lead to overloads. Aircraft crashes, for example from Google’s Solara 50 or Facebook’s Aquila give proof of that fact. Especially in the troposphere, where the active weather takes place, gust loads occur, which can lead to the destruction of the structure. The Airbus Zephyr, the only HAPS aircraft without flight accidents, provides only a very small payload. Thus it does not fully comply with the requirements for future HAPS aircraft. To overcome the shortcomings of such single-wing aircraft, so-called multibody aircraft are considered to be an alternative. The concept assumes multiple aircraft connected to each other at their wingtips. It goes back to the German engineer Dr. Vogt. In the United States, shortly after the end of World War II, he experimented with the coupling of manned aircraft. This resulted in a high-aspect-ratio wing for the aircraft formation. The range of the formation could be increased correspondingly. The engineer Geoffrey S. Sommer took up Vogt’s idea and patented an aircraft configuration consisting of several unmanned aerial vehicles coupled at their wingtips. However, the patent does not provide any insight into the flight performance, the flight mechanical modeling or the control of such an aircraft. Single publications exist that deal with the performance of coupled aircraft. A profound, complete analysis, however, is missing so far. This is where the present work starts. For the first time, a flying vehicle based on the concept of the multibody aircraft will be analyzed in terms of flight mechanics and flight control. In a performance analysis, the aircraft concept is analyzed in detail and the benefits in terms of bending moments and flight performance are clearly highlighted. Limits for operation in flight are shown considering aerodynamic optimal points. The joints at the wingtips allow a roll and pitch motion of the individual aircraft. This results in additional degrees of freedom for the design through the implementation of different relative pitch and bank angles. For example, using individual pitch angles for individual aircraft further decreases the induced drag and increases flight performance. Because the lift is distributed symmetrically, but not homogenously along the wingspan, a lateral trim of the individual aircraft in formation flight becomes necessary. The thesis presents a new method to implement this trim by moving the battery mass along half the wingspan, which avoids additional parasite drag. Further, a complete flight dynamics model is provided and analyzed for aircraft that are mechanically connected at their wingtips. To study this model in detail, a hypothetical torsional and bending spring between the aircraft is introduced. If the spring constants are very high, the flight dynamics model has properties similar to those of an elastic aircraft. Rigid-body and formation eigenmotions can be clearly distinguished. If the spring constants are reduced towards zero, which represents the case of the multibody aircraft, classical flight mechanics eigenmotions and modes resulting from the additional degrees of freedom are coupled. This affects the eigenstructure of the aircraft. Hence, normal motions with respect to the inertial space as known from a rigid aircraft cannot be observed anymore. The plant also reveals unstable behavior. Using the non-linear flight dynamics model, flight controllers are designed to stabilize the plant and provide the aircraft with an eigenstructure similar to conventional aircraft. Different controller design methods are used. The flight controller shall further maintain a determined shape of the flight formation, it shall control flight, bank and pitch angles, and it shall suppress disturbances. Flight control theories in the time domain (Eigenstructure assignment) and in the frequency domain (H-infinity loop-shaping) are considered. The resulting inner-control loops yield a multibody aircraft behavior that is similar to the one of a rigid aircraft. For the outer-control loops, classical autopilot concepts are applied. Overall, the flight trajectory of the multibody aircraft above ground is controlled and, thus, an actual operation as HAPS is possible. In the last step, the flight controller is successfully validated in non-linear simulations with complete flight dynamics. Flugzeuge in der Form von sogenannten Höhenplattformen (engl. High-Altitude Platform Systems, HAPS) werden seit einigen Jahren als kostengünstige Ergänzung zu teuren Satelliten betrachtet. Diese Flugzeuge können für ähnliche Kommunikations- und überwachungsaufgaben eingesetzt werden. Zu den gegenwärtigen Konzepten solcher Fluggeräte, die bereits erfolgreich im Flugversuch eingesetzt wurden, zählen der Helios von AeroVironment und der Airbus Zephyr, der eine Flugdauer von fast 624 Stunden (26 Tagen) erreicht hat. Alle diese HAPS-Flugzeuge besitzen einen Flügel langer Streckung, der in Leichtbauweise konstruiert ist. Hieraus resultieren in böiger Atmosphäre hohe Biegemomente und starke strukturelle Belastungen, die zu überbelastungen führen können. Flugunfälle beispielsweise von Googles Solara 50 oder Facebooks Aquila belegen dies. Insbesondere in der Troposphäre, in der das aktive Wetter stattfindet, treten Böenlasten auf, die die Struktur zerstören können. Der Airbus Zephyr, der bisher als einziges HAPS-Flugzeug frei von Flugunfällen ist, besitzt nur eine sehr geringe Nutzlast. Daher kann er die Anforderungen an zukünftige HAPS-Flugzeuge nicht vollständig erfüllen. Um die Schwachstellen solcher Ein-Flügel-Konzepte zu überwinden, wird in dieser Arbeit ein alternatives Flugzeugkonzept betrachtet, das als Mehrkörperflugzeug bezeichnet wird. Das Konzept geht von mehreren, an den Flügelspitzen miteinander verbundenen Flugzeugen aus und beruht auf Ideen des deutschen Ingenieurs Dr. Vogt. Dieser hatte in den USA kurz nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges bemannte Flugzeuge aneinanderkoppeln lassen. Hierdurch ergab sich ein Flugzeugverbund mit einem Flügel langer Streckung. Damit konnte die Reichweite des Verbundes gesteigert werden. Geoffrey S. Sommer griff die Idee von Vogt auf und lies sich eine Flugzeugkonfiguration patentieren, die aus mehreren, unbemannten Flugzeugen besteht, die an den Enden der Tragflächen miteinander gekoppelt sind. Die Patentschrift gibt jedoch keinen Einblick in die Flugleistungen, die flugmechanische Modellierung oder die Regelung eines solchen Fluggerätes. Vereinzelt existieren Veröffentlichungen, die sich mit den Flugleistungen von gekoppelten Luftfahrzeugen beschäftigen. Eine tiefgreifende, vollständige flugmechanische Analyse fehlt jedoch bisher. Hier setzt die vorliegende Arbeit an. Ein Fluggerät basierend auf dem Konzept des Mehrkörperflug-zeugs wird erstmalig hinsichtlich der Flugmechanik und Flugregelung untersucht. In einer Flugleistungsbetrachtung wird das Flugzeugkonzept genau analysiert und die Vorteile hinsichtlich der Biegemomente und der Flugleistungen klar herausgestellt. Die Grenzen des Einsatzes im Flugbetrieb werden mithilfe aerodynamischer Optimalpunkte aufgezeigt. über die Lager an den Flügelspitzen, die eine relative Roll- und Nickbewegung der Flugzeuge untereinander ermöglichen, ergeben sich durch die Einstellung unterschiedlicher Längslage- und Hängewinkel zusätzliche Freiheitsgerade im Entwurf. Die Verwendung unterschiedlicher Nicklagewinkel der einzelnen Flugzeuge reduziert beispielsweise den induzierten Widerstand weiter und steigert die Flugleistung. Durch die symmetrische, entlang der Spannweite jedoch nicht homogene Auftriebsverteilung ist auch eine laterale Trimmung der einzelnen Flugzeuge in der Formation notwendig. Hier stellt die Arbeit eine neuartige Möglichkeit vor, um diese Trimmung ohne zusätzlichen parasitären Widerstand mittels Verschiebung der Batteriemasse entlang der Halbspannweite umzusetzen. Weiterhin wird ein vollständiges flugdynamisches Modell für über mechanische Lager verbundene Luftfahrzeuge aufgestellt und analysiert. Für diese Analyse wird eine hypothetische Torsions- und Biegefeder zwischen den Flugzeugen modelliert. Sind die Federsteifigkeiten hinreichend hoch, besitzt das flugdynamische Modell Eigenschaften, die einem elastischen Flugzeug entsprechen. Starrkörper- und elastische Eigenbewegungsformen sind in diesem Fall klar separiert. Bei immer weiterer Reduzierung, bis auf eine Federsteifigkeit von Null, kommt es zu Kopplungen zwischen den klassischen, flugmechanischen Eigenbewegungsformen und den Moden aus den zusätzlichen Freiheitsgraden. Dies stellt den Auslegungsfall für das Mehrkörperflugzeug dar. Hierbei verändert sich die Eigenstruktur (engl. eigenstructure) des Flugzeugs und normale, bei einem starren Flugzeug beobachtbare Bewegungen gegenüber dem inertialen Raum sind nicht mehr erkennbar. Zusätzlich zeigt die Strecke instabiles Verhalten. Basierend auf dem nichtlinearen, flugdynamischen Modell werden mit verschiedenen Methoden Regler entworfen, die die Regelstrecke stabilisieren und dem Flugzeug eine Streckenstruktur zuweisen, die derjenigen klassischer Flugzeuge ähnelt. Zudem soll durch die Regler eine vorgegebene Form des Flugzeugverbundes beibehalten werden, die Fahrt, der Längs- und Rolllagewinkel sollen geregelt und Störungen unterdrückt werden. Als Auslegungsverfahren werden Theorien der Zustandsregelungen im Zeitbereich (Eigenstrukturvorgabe) und Frequenzbereich (H-infinity loop-shaping) verwendet. Hierdurch wird durch die inneren Regelschleifen ein Verhalten des Mehrkörperflugzeugs erzielt, das dem eines starren Flugzeugs entspricht. Für die äußeren Regelschleifen werden anschließend klassische Konzepte von Autopiloten verwendet. Im Ergebnis ist eine Regelung des Flugweges über Grund des Mehrkörperflugzeugs und somit ein tatsächlicher Betrieb als HAPS möglich. Die Funktionalität des Reglers wird abschließend in nichtlinearen Simulationen mit vollständiger Flugdynamik verifiziert.

Effect of Power System Technology and Mission Requirements on High Altitude Long Endurance Aircraft

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Power System Technology and Mission Requirements on High Altitude Long Endurance Aircraft by : Anthony J. Colozza

Download or read book Effect of Power System Technology and Mission Requirements on High Altitude Long Endurance Aircraft written by Anthony J. Colozza and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Paper

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 796 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Paper by :

Download or read book Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Winter Annual Meeting

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Winter Annual Meeting by : American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Download or read book Winter Annual Meeting written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Case for Mars III: Technical

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Case for Mars III: Technical by : Carol R. Stoker

Download or read book The Case for Mars III: Technical written by Carol R. Stoker and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Science and Technology Series

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Technology Series by :

Download or read book Science and Technology Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: