A Monetary And Political History Of The Phoenician City Of Byblos In The Fifth And Fourth Centuries Bce

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A Monetary and Political History of the Phoenician City of Byblos in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C.E.

Author : Josette Elayi
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 1575068893
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis A Monetary and Political History of the Phoenician City of Byblos in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C.E. by : Josette Elayi

Download or read book A Monetary and Political History of the Phoenician City of Byblos in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C.E. written by Josette Elayi and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2014-08-19 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arwad (now in Syria), Byblos (now Jbeil in Lebanon), Sidon (Saida in Lebanon), and Tyre (Sour in Lebanon)—the four major cites of Persian-period Phoenicia—all minted their own coins. Archaeologists and historians have found these coins to be a major resource for the reconstruction of Phoenician history. They have increasingly been able to use them to discern important details of Phoenicia’s political history that were previously unknown or were presented only from the perspective provided by the reports of the Greek historians or were based on knowledge of the Greek language, rather than being based on knowledge of Semitic languages and the iconography and inscriptions of the Phoenicians themselves. For more than two decades, Alain and Josette Elayi have researched the history of the Phoenician cities in the Persian period before Alexander’s conquest. In the first stage of their research, the authors provided an overview of the Phoenician economy under Persian rule. The second stage provided an analysis of all hoards, which included Phoenician coins dating to the Persian period. The third stage was an investigation of Phoenician weights, in which the Elayis used an original method that is also suited to numismatic studies. The fourth stage covered the monetary and political histories of the four Phoenician cities. In A Monetary and Political History of the Phoenician City of Byblos, the Elayis’ tour de force is the coin catalog, which introduces 1,662 silver Byblian coins, also published in 25 plates. In addition to the usual numismatic analysis (monetary production, number of issues, manufacturing techniques, and processes), this impressive volume provides information on monetary inscriptions and iconography and on the history of Byblos. The book is an indispensable reference for understanding coin circulation, trading exchanges, and even the wars involving the Greeks, Cypriots, and Egyptians in the Phoenician eastern Mediterranean.

The History and Archaeology of Phoenicia

Author : Hélène Sader
Publisher : SBL Press
ISBN 13 : 0884144062
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis The History and Archaeology of Phoenicia by : Hélène Sader

Download or read book The History and Archaeology of Phoenicia written by Hélène Sader and published by SBL Press. This book was released on 2019-11-23 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An insightful historical account of Phoenicia that illustrates its cities, culture, and daily life Hélène Sader presents the history and archaeology of Phoenicia based on the available contemporary written sources and the results of archaeological excavations in Phoenicia proper. Sader explores the origin of the term Phoenicia; the political and geographical history of the city-states Arwad, Byblos, Sidon, and Tyre; and topography, climate, and natural resources of the Phoenician homeland. Her limited focus on Phoenicia proper, in contrast to previous studies that included information from Phoenician colonies, presents the bare realities of the opportunities and difficulties shaping Phoenician life. Sader’s evaluation and synthesis of the evidence offers a corrective to the common assumption of a unified Phoenician kingdom. Features Historical as well as modern maps with the locations of all relevant archaeological sites Faunal and floral analyses that shed light on the Phoenician diet Petrographic analysis of pottery that sheds light on trading patterns and developments

The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East Volume V

Author : Karen Radner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190687665
Total Pages : 1089 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East Volume V by : Karen Radner

Download or read book The Oxford History of the Ancient Near East Volume V written by Karen Radner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-18 with total page 1089 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking, five-volume series offers a comprehensive, fully illustrated history of Egypt and Western Asia (the Levant, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Iran), from the emergence of complex states to the conquest of Alexander the Great. Written by a diverse, international team of leading scholars whose expertise brings to life the people, places, and times of the remote past, the volumes in this series focus firmly on the political and social histories of the states and communities of the ancient Near East. Individual chapters present the key textual and material sources underpinning the historical reconstruction, paying particular attention to the most recent archaeological finds and their impact on our historical understanding of the periods surveyed. The fifth and final volume of the Oxford History of the Ancient Near East covers the period from the second half of the 7th century BC until the campaigns of Alexander III of Macedon (336-323 BC) brought an end to the Achaemenid Dynasty and the Persian Empire. Tying together areas and political developments covered by previous volumes in the series, this title covers also the Persian Empire's immediate predecessor states: Saite Egypt, the Neo-Babylonian Empire, and Lydia, among other kingdoms and tribal alliances. The chapters in this volume feature a wide range of archaeological and textual sources, with contributors displaying a masterful treatment of the challenges and advantages of the available materials. Two chapters focus on areas that have not enjoyed prominence in any of the previous volumes of this series: eastern Iran and Central Asia. This volume is the necessary and complementary final component of this comprehensive series.

In Search of the Phoenicians

Author : Josephine Quinn
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069119596X
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of the Phoenicians by : Josephine Quinn

Download or read book In Search of the Phoenicians written by Josephine Quinn and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who were the ancient Phoenicians—and did they actually exist? The Phoenicians traveled the Mediterranean long before the Greeks and Romans, trading, establishing settlements, and refining the art of navigation. But who these legendary sailors really were has long remained a mystery. In Search of the Phoenicians makes the startling claim that the "Phoenicians" never actually existed as such. Taking readers from the ancient world to today, this book argues that the notion of these sailors as a coherent people with a shared identity, history, and culture is a product of modern nationalist ideologies—and a notion very much at odds with the ancient sources.

Phoenician Aniconism in Its Mediterranean and Ancient Near Eastern Contexts

Author : Brian R. Doak
Publisher : SBL Press
ISBN 13 : 0884140989
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis Phoenician Aniconism in Its Mediterranean and Ancient Near Eastern Contexts by : Brian R. Doak

Download or read book Phoenician Aniconism in Its Mediterranean and Ancient Near Eastern Contexts written by Brian R. Doak and published by SBL Press. This book was released on 2015-11-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A close look at Phoenician religion The Hebrew Bible contains a prohibition against divine images (Exod 20:2-5a). Explanations for this command are legion, usually focusing on the unique status of Israel's deity within the context of the broader Near Eastern and Mediterranean worlds. Doak explores whether or not Israel was truly alone in its severe stance against idols. This book focuses on one particular aspect of this iconographic context in Israel's Iron Age world: that of the Phoenicians. The question of whether Phoenicians employed aniconic (as opposed to iconic) representational techniques has significance not only for the many poorly understood aspects of Phoenician religion generally, but also for the question of whether aniconism can be considered a broader trend among the Semitic populations of the ancient Near East. Features: More than fifty images and illustrations Examination of textual and archaeological evidence Application of art historical methods

The Oxford Handbook of the Phoenician and Punic Mediterranean

Author : Carolina López-Ruiz
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197654428
Total Pages : 787 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Phoenician and Punic Mediterranean by : Carolina López-Ruiz

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Phoenician and Punic Mediterranean written by Carolina López-Ruiz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Phoenicians created the Mediterranean world as we know it--yet they remain a poorly understood group. In this Handbook, the first of its kind in English, readers will find expert essays covering the history, culture, and areas of settlement throughout the Phoenician and Punic world.

Political Change and Material Culture in Middle to Late Bronze Age Canaan

Author : Shlomit Bechar
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 1646022033
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Change and Material Culture in Middle to Late Bronze Age Canaan by : Shlomit Bechar

Download or read book Political Change and Material Culture in Middle to Late Bronze Age Canaan written by Shlomit Bechar and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2022-08-02 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do shifts in material culture instigate administrative change, or is it the shifting political winds that affect material culture? This is the central question that Shlomit Bechar addresses in this book, taking the transition from the Middle to Late Bronze Age (seventeenth–fourteenth centuries BCE) in northern Canaan as a test case. Combining archaeological and historical analysis, Bechar identifies the most significant changes evident in architectural and ceramic remains from this period and then explores how and why contemporary political shifts may have influenced, or been influenced by, these developments. Bechar persuasively argues that the Egyptian conquest of the southern Levant—enabled by local economic decline following the expulsion of the Hyksos and the fall of northern Syrian cities—was the impetus for these changes in ceramics and architecture. Using a macro-typological approach to examine the ceramic assemblages, she also discusses the impact of the influx of Aegean imports, suggesting that while “attached specialists” were primarily responsible for ceramic production in the Middle Bronze Age, Late Bronze Age ceramics were increasingly made by “independent specialists,” another important result of the new administrative system created following Thutmose III’s campaign. An important contribution to our understanding of the transition between the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, this original and insightful book will appeal to specialists in the Bronze Age Levant, especially those interested in using ceramic assemblages to examine social and political change.

Culture and Ideology under the Seleukids

Author : Eva Anagnostou-Laoutides
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110755629
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Culture and Ideology under the Seleukids by : Eva Anagnostou-Laoutides

Download or read book Culture and Ideology under the Seleukids written by Eva Anagnostou-Laoutides and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume offers a timely (re-)appraisal of Seleukid cultural dynamics. While the engagement of Seleukid kings with local populations and the issue of “Hellenization” are still debated, a movement away from the Greco-centric approach to the study of the sources has gained pace. Increasingly textual sources are read alongside archaeological and numismatic evidence, and relevant near-eastern records are consulted. Our study of Seleukid kingship adheres to two game-changing principles: 1. We are not interested in judging the Seleukids as “strong” or “weak” whether in their interactions with other Hellenistic kingdoms or with the populations they ruled. 2. While appreciating the value of the social imaginaries approach (Stavrianopoulou, 2013), we argue that the use of ethnic identity in antiquity remains problematic. Through a pluralistic approach, in line with the complex cultural considerations that informed Seleukid royal agendas, we examine the concept of kingship and its gender aspects; tensions between centre and periphery; the level of “acculturation” intended and achieved under the Seleukids; the Seleukid-Ptolemaic interrelations. As rulers of a multi-cultural empire, the Seleukids were deeply aware of cultural politics.

A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire

Author : Bruno Jacobs
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119071658
Total Pages : 1744 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire by : Bruno Jacobs

Download or read book A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire written by Bruno Jacobs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-23 with total page 1744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A COMPANION TO THE ACHAEMENID PERSIAN EMPIRE A comprehensive review of the political, cultural, social, economic and religious history of the Achaemenid Empirem Often called the first world empire, the Achaemenid Empire is rooted in older Near Eastern traditions. A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire offers a perspective in which the history of the empire is embedded in the preceding and subsequent epochs. In this way, the traditions that shaped the Achaemenid Empire become as visible as the powerful impact it had on further historical development. But the work does not only break new ground in this respect, but also in the fact that, in addition to written testimonies of all kinds, it also considers material tradition as an equal factor in historical reconstruction. This comprehensive two-volume set features contributions by internationally-recognized experts that offer balanced coverage of the whole of the empire from Anatolia and Egypt across western Asia to northern India and Central Asia. Comprehensive in scope, the Companion provides readers with a panoramic view of the diversity, richness, and complexity of the Achaemenid Empire, dealing with all the many aspects of history, event history, administration, economy, society, communication, art, science and religion, illustrating the multifaceted nature of the first true empire. A unique historical account presented in its multiregional dimensions, this important resource deals with many aspects of history, administration, economy, society, communication, art, science and religion it deals with topics that have only recently attracted interest such as court life, leisure activities, gender roles, and more examines a variety of available sources to consider those predecessors who influenced Achaemenid structure, ideology, and self-expression contains the study of Nachleben and the history of perception up to the present day offers a spectrum of opinions in disputed fields of research, such as the interpretation of the imagery of Achaemenid art, or questions of religion includes extensive bibliographies in each chapter for use as starting points for further research devotes special interest to the east of the empire, which is often neglected in comparison to the western territories Part of the acclaimed Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World series, A Companion to the Achaemenid Persian Empire is an indispensable work for students, instructors, and scholars of Persian and ancient world history, particularly the First Persian Empire.

Scribal Tools in Ancient Israel

Author : Philip Zhakevich
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 1646021037
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Scribal Tools in Ancient Israel by : Philip Zhakevich

Download or read book Scribal Tools in Ancient Israel written by Philip Zhakevich and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Philip Zhakevich examines the technology of writing as it existed in the southern Levant during the Iron Age II period, after the alphabetic writing system had fully taken root in the region. Using the Hebrew Bible as its corpus and focusing on a set of Hebrew terms that designated writing surfaces and instruments, this study synthesizes the semantic data of the Bible with the archeological and art-historical evidence for writing in ancient Israel. The bulk of this work comprises an in-depth lexicographical analysis of Biblical Hebrew terms related to Israel’s writing technology. Employing comparative Semitics, lexical semantics, and archaeology, Zhakevich provides a thorough analysis of the origins of the relevant terms; their use in the biblical text, Ben Sira, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and ancient Hebrew inscriptions; and their translation in the Septuagint and other ancient versions. The final chapter evaluates Israel’s writing practices in light of those of the ancient world, concluding that Israel’s most common form of writing (i.e., writing with ink on ostraca and papyrus) is Egyptian in origin and was introduced into Canaan during the New Kingdom. Comprehensive and original in its scope, Scribal Tools in Ancient Israel is a landmark contribution to our knowledge of scribes and scribal practices in ancient Israel. Students and scholars interested in language and literacy in the first-millennium Levant in particular will profit from this volume.

The Land Before the Kingdom of Israel: A History of the Southern Levant and the People Who Populated It

Author : Brendon C. Benz
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 1646022769
Total Pages : 655 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis The Land Before the Kingdom of Israel: A History of the Southern Levant and the People Who Populated It by : Brendon C. Benz

Download or read book The Land Before the Kingdom of Israel: A History of the Southern Levant and the People Who Populated It written by Brendon C. Benz and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Baal, St. George, and Khidr

Author : Robert D. Miller II
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 1646020219
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Baal, St. George, and Khidr by : Robert D. Miller II

Download or read book Baal, St. George, and Khidr written by Robert D. Miller II and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Western tradition, St. George is known as the dragon slayer. In the Middle East, he is called Khidr (“Green One”), and in addition to being a dragon slayer, he is also somehow the prophet Elijah. In this book, Robert D. Miller II untangles these complicated connections and reveals how, especially in his Middle Eastern guise, St. George is a reincarnation of the Canaanite storm god Baal, another “Green One” who in Ugaritic texts slays dragons. Combining art history, theology, and archeology, this multidisciplinary study demystifies the identity of St. George in his various incarnations, laying bare the processes by which these identifications merged and diverged. Miller traces the origins of this figure in Arabic and Latin texts and explores the possibility that Middle Eastern shrines to St. George lie on top of ancient shrines of the Canaanite storm god Baal. Miller examines these holy places, particularly in modern Israel and around Mount Hermon on the Syrian-Lebanese-Israeli border, and makes the convincing case that direct continuity exists from the Baal of antiquity to the St. George/Khidr of Christian lore. Convincingly argued and thoroughly researched, this study makes a unique contribution to such diverse areas as ancient Near Eastern studies, Roman history and religion, Christian hagiography and iconography, Quranic studies, and Arab folk religion.

Camels in the Biblical World

Author : Martin Heide
Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 164602169X
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Camels in the Biblical World by : Martin Heide

Download or read book Camels in the Biblical World written by Martin Heide and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2021-07-20 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Camels are first mentioned in the Bible as the movable property of Abraham. During the early monarchy, they feature prominently as long-distance mounts for the Queen of Sheba, and almost a millennium later, the Gospels tell us about the impossibility of a camel passing through a needle’s eye. Given the limited extrabiblical evidence for camels before circa 1000 BCE, a thorough investigation of the spatio-temporal history of the camel in the ancient Near and Middle East is necessary to understand their early appearance in the Hebrew Bible. Camels in the Biblical World is a two-part study that charts the cultural trajectories of two domestic species—the two-humped or Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) and the one-humped or Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius)—from the fourth through first millennium BCE and up to the first century CE. Drawing on archaeological camel remains, iconography, inscriptions, and other text sources, the first part reappraises the published data on the species’ domestication and early exploitation in their respective regions of origin. The second part takes a critical look at the various references to camels in the Hebrew Bible and the Gospels, providing a detailed philological analysis of each text and referring to archaeological data and zoological observations whenever appropriate. A state-of-the-art evaluation of the cultural history of the camel and its role in the biblical world, this volume brings the humanities into dialogue with the natural sciences. The novel insights here serve scholars in disciplines as diverse as biblical studies, (zoo)archaeology, history, and philology.

The Cambridge Companion to the Ancient Greek Economy

Author : Sitta von Reden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108278507
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to the Ancient Greek Economy by : Sitta von Reden

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to the Ancient Greek Economy written by Sitta von Reden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-04 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive introduction to the ancient Greek economy available in English. A team of specialists provides in non-technical language cutting edge accounts of a wide range of key themes in economic history, explaining how ancient Greek economies functioned and changed, and why they were stable and successful over long periods of time. Through its wide geographical perspective, reaching from the Aegean and the Black Sea to the Near East and Egypt under Greek rule, it reflects on how economic behaviour and institutions were formed and transformed under different political, ecological and social circumstances, and how they interacted and communicated over large distances. With chapters on climate and the environment, market development, inequality and growth, it encourages comparison with other periods of time and cultures, thus being of interest not just to ancient historians but also to readers concerned with economic cultures and global economic issues.

Persian Interventions

Author : John O. Hyland
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421423707
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Persian Interventions by : John O. Hyland

Download or read book Persian Interventions written by John O. Hyland and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this book, Hyland examines the international relations of the First Persian Empire (the Achaemenid Empire) as a case study in ancient imperialism. He focuses in particular on Persian's relations with the Greek city-states and its diplomatic influence over Athens and Sparta. Previous studies have emphasized the ways in which Persia sought to protect its borders by playing the often warring Athens and Sparta off each other, prolonging their conflicts through limited aid and shifts of alliance. Hyland proposes a new model, employing Persian ideological texts and economic documents to contextualize the Greek narrative framework, that demonstrates that Persian Kings were less interested in control of the Ionian region where Greece bordered the empire than in displays of universal power through the acquisition of Athens or Sparta as client states. On the other hand, the establishment of "Pax Persica" beyond the Aegean was delayed by Persian efforts to limit the interventions' expense, and missteps in dealing with fractious Greek allies. This reevaluation of Persia's Greek relations marks an important contribution to scholarship on the Achaemenid empire and Greek history, and has value for the broader study of imperialism in the ancient world."--Provided by publisher.

Dogs, Past and Present

Author : Ivana Fiore
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1803273550
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Dogs, Past and Present by : Ivana Fiore

Download or read book Dogs, Past and Present written by Ivana Fiore and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2023-09-07 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers contributions from scholars from a variety of disciplines to provide a comprehensive assessment of the importance of dogs through history. There is a focus on the necessity of an ‘interdisciplinary perspective’ to fully understand the fundamental role that dogs have played in our past.

The Social History of Achaemenid Phoenicia

Author : Vadim S. Jigoulov
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134938160
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social History of Achaemenid Phoenicia by : Vadim S. Jigoulov

Download or read book The Social History of Achaemenid Phoenicia written by Vadim S. Jigoulov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though the Persian period has attracted a fair share of scholarly interest in recent years, as yet no concerted effort has been attempted to construct a comprehensive social history of Phoenician city-states as an integral part of the Achaemenid empire. This monograph explores the evidence from Persian-period literary (both ancient Jewish and classical), epigraphic, and numismatic sources, as well as material culture remains, in order to sketch just such a history. This study examines developments in Persian-period Phoenician city-states on the three levels: that of the individual household, the city-state, and the administrative unit of the Persian empire. These three societal levels are analyzed within the contexts of economic competition between and among the Phoenician city-states, their burgeoning economic ties with the outside world, and their interaction with the Persian imperial influence in the Levant.