A Metaphysics Of Platonic Universals And Their Instantiations

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A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations

Author : José Tomás Alvarado
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303053393X
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations by : José Tomás Alvarado

Download or read book A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations written by José Tomás Alvarado and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a detailed defense of a metaphysics of Platonic universals and a conception of particular objects that is coherent with said metaphysics. The work discusses all the main alternatives in metaphysics of properties and tries to show why universals are the entities that best satisfy the theoretical roles required for a property. The work also explains the advantages of Platonic over Aristotelian universals in the metaphysics of modality and natural laws. Moreover, it is argued that only Platonic universals are coherent with the grounding profile required for universals. The traditional objections against Platonism are discussed and answered. The third part of the book, finally, offers a conception of particular objects as nuclear bundles of tropes that is coherent with the Platonic ontology of universals. This book is of interest to anyone that wants to understand the current –and intricate– debate in metaphysics of properties and its incidence in many other areas in philosophy.

Universals

Author : James Porter Moreland
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317490002
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Universals by : James Porter Moreland

Download or read book Universals written by James Porter Moreland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Things are particulars and their qualities are universals, but do universals have an existence distinct from the particular things describable by those terms? And what must be their nature if they do? This book provides a careful and assured survey of the central issues of debate surrounding universals, in particular those issues that have been a crucial part of the emergence of contemporary analytic ontology. The book begins with a taxonomy of extreme nominalist, moderate nominalist, and realist positions on properties, and outlines the way each handles the phenomena of predication, resemblance, and abstract reference. The debate about properties and philosophical naturalism is also examined. Different forms of extreme nominalism, moderate nominalism, and minimalist realism are critiqued. Later chapters defend a traditional realist view of universals and examine the objections to realism from various infinite regresses, the difficulties in stating identity conditions for properties, and problems with realist accounts of knowledge of abstract objects. In addition, the debate between Platonists and Aristotelians is examined alongside a discussion of the relationship between properties and an adequate theory of existence. The book's final chapter explores the problem of individuating particulars. The book makes accessible a difficult topic without blunting the sophistication of argument required by a more advanced readership.

Putting Properties First

Author : Matthew Tugby
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192597280
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Putting Properties First by : Matthew Tugby

Download or read book Putting Properties First written by Matthew Tugby and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Putting Properties First considers the metaphysics of natural science. It develops and defends a contemporary metaphysical theory of natural modality called 'Modal Platonism', which puts properties first in the metaphysical hierarchy. According to this theory, natural properties-such as mass and charge-are fundamental entities which ground the laws of nature and the behavioural dispositions of physical things. This theory differs from other 'properties-first' approaches in two main ways. First, it views properties as Platonic universals, which exist even if they are not instantiated by anything. Second, the theory rejects the popular idea that properties are identical with, or essentially dependent upon, dispositions. Instead, Modal Platonism views properties as qualities which necessarily ground dispositions and other modal phenomena. This theory solves a range of philosophical puzzles regarding dispositions and laws. Given that laws of nature are a necessary precondition for scientific enquiry, Modal Platonism promises to provide a plausible metaphysical framework for all natural science.

Two Arguments for the Identity of Indiscernibles

Author : Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192692348
Total Pages : 143 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Two Arguments for the Identity of Indiscernibles by : Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra

Download or read book Two Arguments for the Identity of Indiscernibles written by Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-25 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles is the thesis that, necessarily, no two (concrete) objects differ only numerically. This is the weakest version of the Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles. Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra argues that there is no trivial version of the Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles, since what is usually known as the trivial version of the principle is consistent with objects differing only numerically. He provides two positive arguments for the Principle: one based on broadly Humean considerations excluding a certain kind of necessary connection between distinct objects, and the other based on ideas about what grounds the having of certain properties by objects. This book also presents two new arguments against restricted versions of the principle according to which, necessarily, no two objects can be purely qualitatively indiscernible or intrinsically purely qualitatively indiscernible. It is further argued that one of the arguments for the weakest version of the principle can be extended to abstract objects. The conclusion is drawn that, necessarily, there are no objects, whether abstract or concrete, that differ only numerically.

Universals

Author : Farhang Zabeeh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401196028
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Universals by : Farhang Zabeeh

Download or read book Universals written by Farhang Zabeeh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of this book is to depict the main features of the classical problem of universals in order to provide a better understand ing of the various suggestions made by the moderns towards the solution of that problem. The work is not historical; however, since knowledge of the history of the problem is essential for understanding the import of the new approach, references are given to classical theories and interpretations are offered without any pretension that they are either exhaustive or final. I have tried to argue that the problem, though often appearing in metaphysical guise, is, in fact, part of the more general problem of semantics, i.e., the relation between words and the world. The medieval theory that universals are the meaning of general words is linked here with a recent theory that the meaning of a word is explainable in terms of its function and not in terms of its putative denotation. What comes of this fusion is this: that if the medieval theory that universals are the meaning of general words is in any way credible, then to know the meaning of such words requires close attention to their functions on the ground that words in general do not mirror the world, rather they are tools used to change it.

Metaphysics and Scientific Realism

Author : Francesco Federico Calemi
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110455005
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Metaphysics and Scientific Realism by : Francesco Federico Calemi

Download or read book Metaphysics and Scientific Realism written by Francesco Federico Calemi and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2016-01-15 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Malet Armstrong (8 July 1926–13 May 2014) has been one of the most influential contemporary metaphysicians working in the analytic tradition and surely the greatest 20th century Australian philosopher. His main merit is to have reestablished metaphysics as a respectable branch of philosophy placing it at the centre of the philosophical debate, and giving it the status of an authoritative and competent interlocutor of both rational and empirical sciences. By means of a rigorously argumentative approach and a sharp prose, Armstrong has built a whole metaphysical system, that is, a comprehensive and unified picture of the fundamental structure of the world. The various chapters of the book address the key issues concerning Armstrong' view about the problem of universals, the nature of states of affairs, the ontological ground of possibility, nomic necessity, and dispositions, the truthmaker theory, and the theory of mind. This volume aims to celebrate Armstrong’s memory bringing new understanding, and hopefully stimulating more work, on his philosophy, with the conviction that it constitutes an invaluable heritage for contemporary research in metaphysics.

Non-Reflexive Logics, Non-Individuals, and the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics

Author : Jonas R. B. Arenhart
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031318404
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-Reflexive Logics, Non-Individuals, and the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics by : Jonas R. B. Arenhart

Download or read book Non-Reflexive Logics, Non-Individuals, and the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics written by Jonas R. B. Arenhart and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-05 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the philosophical work of Décio Krause. Non-individuality, as a new metaphysical category, was thought to be strongly supported by quantum mechanics. No one did more to promote this idea than the Brazilian philosopher Décio Krause, whose works on the metaphysics and logic of non-individuality are now widely regarded as part of the consolidated literature on the subject. This volume brings together chapters elaborating on the ideas put forward and defended by Krause, developing them in many different directions, commenting on aspects not completely developed so far, and, more importantly, critically addressing their current formulations and defenses by Krause himself. Given that Krause’s ideas do connect directly and indirectly with a wide array of subjects, such as the philosophy of quantum mechanics, more broadly understood, the philosophy of logic and logical philosophy, non-classical logics, metaphysics, and ontology, this volume contains important material for the research on logic and foundations of science, broadly understood. All the invited contributors have already worked with the ideas developed by Décio (some of them still work with them), being also distinct authors and extremely relevant in their areas of expertise. The volume is aimed at philosophers, including those of physics and quantum mechanics.

The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the principal sources, with philosophical commentary

Author : A. A. Long
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521275569
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (755 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the principal sources, with philosophical commentary by : A. A. Long

Download or read book The Hellenistic Philosophers: Translations of the principal sources, with philosophical commentary written by A. A. Long and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Volume I presents the texts in new translations by the authors, and these are accompanied by a philosophical and historical commentary designed for use by all readers, including those with no background in the classical world. With its glossary and indexes, this volume can stand alone as an independent tool of study."--Provided by publisher.

The Hellenistic Philosophers: Volume 1, Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary

Author : A. A. Long
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139642898
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hellenistic Philosophers: Volume 1, Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary by : A. A. Long

Download or read book The Hellenistic Philosophers: Volume 1, Translations of the Principal Sources with Philosophical Commentary written by A. A. Long and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-04-09 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1 presents the texts in new translations by the authors, and these are accompanied by a philosophical and historical commentary designed for use by all readers, including those with no background in the classical world. With its glossary and indexes, this volume can stand alone as an independent tool of study.

Scientific Realism and Laws of Nature: A Metaphysics of Causal Powers

Author : Michel Ghins
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031542274
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Scientific Realism and Laws of Nature: A Metaphysics of Causal Powers by : Michel Ghins

Download or read book Scientific Realism and Laws of Nature: A Metaphysics of Causal Powers written by Michel Ghins and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

What is this Thing Called Metaphysics?

Author : Brian Garrett
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1136792694
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis What is this Thing Called Metaphysics? by : Brian Garrett

Download or read book What is this Thing Called Metaphysics? written by Brian Garrett and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is there something rather than nothing? Does God exist? Does time flow? What are we? Do we have free will? What is truth? Metaphysics is concerned with ourselves and reality, and the most fundamental questions regarding existence. This clear and accessible introduction covers the central topics in metaphysics in a concise but comprehensive way. Brian Garrett discusses the crucial concepts in a highly readable manner, easing the reader in with a look at some important philosophical problems. He addresses key areas of metaphysics: God Existence Modality Universals and particulars Facts Paradoxes of material constitution Causation Time Free will Personal identity Truth. This second edition has been thoroughly revised. Most chapters include substantial amounts of new material, and there are additional chapters on Existence, Modality, Facts and Paradoxes of Material Constitution. What is this thing called Metaphysics? contains many helpful student-friendly features. Each chapter concludes with a useful summary of the main ideas discussed, a glossary of important terms, study questions, annotated further reading, and a guide to web resources. Text boxes provide bite-sized summaries of key concepts and major philosophers, and clear and interesting examples are used throughout.

Metaphysics

Author : Alyssa Ney
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317676343
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Metaphysics by : Alyssa Ney

Download or read book Metaphysics written by Alyssa Ney and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-13 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaphysics: An Introduction combines comprehensive coverage of the core elements of metaphysics with contemporary and lively debates within the subject. It provides a rigorous and yet accessible overview of a rich array of topics, connecting the abstract nature of metaphysics with the real world. Topics covered include: Basic logic for metaphysics An introduction to ontology Abstract objects Material objects Critiques of metaphysics Free will Time Modality Persistence Causation Social ontology: the metaphysics of race This outstanding book not only equips the reader with a thorough knowledge of the fundamentals of metaphysics but provides a valuable guide to contemporary metaphysics and metaphysicians. Additional features such as exercises, annotated further reading, a glossary, and a companion website www.routledge.com/cw/ney will help students find their way around this subject and assist teachers in the classroom.

What is this Thing Called Metaphysics?

Author : Brian Garrett
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134161670
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)

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Book Synopsis What is this Thing Called Metaphysics? by : Brian Garrett

Download or read book What is this Thing Called Metaphysics? written by Brian Garrett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-01-24 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is there something rather than nothing? Does God exist? Who am I? Metaphysics is concerned with ourselves and reality, and the most fundamental questions regarding existence. This clear and accessible introduction covers the central topics in Metaphysics in a concise but comprehensive way. Brian Garrett discusses the crucial concepts in a highly readable manner, easing the reader in with a look at some important philosophical problems. He addresses key areas of metaphysics: existence causation God time universals personal identity truth What is this thing called Metaphysics? contains many helpful student-friendly features. Each chapter concludes with a useful summary of the main ideas discussed, a glossary of important terms, study questions, annotated further reading, and a guide to web resources. Text-boxes provide bite-sized summaries of key concepts and major philosophers, and clear and interesting examples are used throughout.

The Metaphysics of Laws of Nature

Author : Professor of Philosophy Walter Ott
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192859234
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis The Metaphysics of Laws of Nature by : Professor of Philosophy Walter Ott

Download or read book The Metaphysics of Laws of Nature written by Professor of Philosophy Walter Ott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It can seem obvious that we live in a world governed by laws of nature, yet it was not until the seventeenth century that the concept of a law came to the fore. Ever since, it has been attended by controversy: what does it mean to say that Boyle's law governs the expansion of a gas, or that the planets obey the law of gravity? Laws are rules that permit calculations and predictions. What does the universe have to be like, if it is to play by them? This book sorts the most prominent answers into three families. Laws first arose in a theological context; they govern events only because God enforces them. Those wishing to reverse the order of explanation, and argue that the powers of objects fix the laws, struggled to claim for themselves the results of new science. The stand-off between these two families bred a third which rejects any kind of enforcer for the laws. On this view, laws summarize events; they do not govern anything. This book traces the fortunes of the three families, from their origins to the present day. It uses objections - and the revisions needed to answer them - to produce the best representative of each. Along the way, it tries to settle the rules of this game, the debate over laws of nature. What should we expect from an account of laws? The book aims to help readers develop their own desiderata and judge the merits of the competing positions.

The Unity of Perception

Author : Susanna Schellenberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192562681
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Unity of Perception by : Susanna Schellenberg

Download or read book The Unity of Perception written by Susanna Schellenberg and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perception is our key to the world. It plays at least three different roles in our lives. It justifies beliefs and provides us with knowledge of our environment. It brings about conscious mental states. It converts informational input, such as light and sound waves, into representations of invariant features in our environment. Corresponding to these three roles, there are at least three fundamental questions that have motivated the study of perception. How does perception justify beliefs and yield knowledge of our environment? How does perception bring about conscious mental states? How does a perceptual system accomplish the feat of converting varying informational input into mental representations of invariant features in our environment? This book presents a unified account of the phenomenological and epistemological role of perception that is informed by empirical research. So it develops an account of perception that provides an answer to the first two questions, while being sensitive to scientific accounts that address the third question. The key idea is that perception is constituted by employing perceptual capacities - for example the capacity to discriminate instances of red from instances of blue. Perceptual content, consciousness, and evidence are each analyzed in terms of this basic property of perception. Employing perceptual capacities constitutes phenomenal character as well as perceptual content. The primacy of employing perceptual capacities in perception over their derivative employment in hallucination and illusion grounds the epistemic force of perceptual experience. In this way, the book provides a unified account of perceptual content, consciousness, and evidence.

Philosophy of Mind

Author : John Heil
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415891744
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (158 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Mind by : John Heil

Download or read book Philosophy of Mind written by John Heil and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When first published, John Heil's introduction quickly became a widely used guide for students with little or no background in philosophy to central issues of philosophy of mind.ãee Heil provided an introduction free of formalisms, technical trappings, and specialized terminology.ãee He offered clear arguments and explanations, focusing on the ontological basis of mentality and its place in the material world.ãee The book concluded with a systematic discussion of questions the book raises--and a sketch of a unified metaphysics of mind--thus inviting scholarly attention while providing a book very well suited for an introductory course. This Third Edition builds on these strengths, and incorporates new material on theories of consciousness, computationalism, the language of thought, and animal minds as well as other emerging areas of research.ãee With an updated reading list at the end of each chapter and a revised bibliography, this new edition will again make it the indispensable primer for anyone seeking better understanding of the central metaphysical issues in philosophy of mind.ãee

Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation

Author : Ludger Jansen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000357953
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation by : Ludger Jansen

Download or read book Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation written by Ludger Jansen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume of essays devoted to Aristotelian formal causation and its relevance for contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of science. The essays trace the historical development of formal causation and demonstrate its relevance for contemporary issues, such as causation, explanation, laws of nature, functions, essence, modality, and metaphysical grounding. The introduction to the volume covers the history of theories of formal causation and points out why we need a theory of formal causation in contemporary philosophy. Part I is concerned with scholastic approaches to formal causation, while Part II presents four contemporary approaches to formal causation. The three chapters in Part III explore various notions of dependence and their relevance to formal causation. Part IV, finally, discusses formal causation in biology and cognitive sciences. Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation will be of interest to advanced graduate students and researchers working on contemporary Aristotelian approaches to metaphysics and philosophy of science. This volume includes contributions by José Tomás Alvarado, Christopher J. Austin, Giacomo Giannini, Jani Hakkarainen, Ludger Jansen, Markku Keinänen, Gyula Klima, James G. Lennox, Stephen Mumford, David S. Oderberg, Michele Paolini Paoletti, Sandeep Prasada, Petter Sandstad, Wolfgang Sattler, Benjamin Schnieder, Matthew Tugby, and Jonas Werner.