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A Generative Theory Of Shape
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Book Synopsis A Generative Theory of Shape by : Michael Leyton
Download or read book A Generative Theory of Shape written by Michael Leyton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-30 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to develop a generative theory of shape that has two properties we regard as fundamental to intelligence –(1) maximization of transfer: whenever possible, new structure should be described as the transfer of existing structure; and (2) maximization of recoverability: the generative operations in the theory must allow maximal inferentiability from data sets. We shall show that, if generativity satis?es these two basic criteria of - telligence, then it has a powerful mathematical structure and considerable applicability to the computational disciplines. The requirement of intelligence is particularly important in the gene- tion of complex shape. There are plenty of theories of shape that make the generation of complex shape unintelligible. However, our theory takes the opposite direction: we are concerned with the conversion of complexity into understandability. In this, we will develop a mathematical theory of und- standability. The issue of understandability comes down to the two basic principles of intelligence - maximization of transfer and maximization of recoverability. We shall show how to formulate these conditions group-theoretically. (1) Ma- mization of transfer will be formulated in terms of wreath products. Wreath products are groups in which there is an upper subgroup (which we will call a control group) that transfers a lower subgroup (which we will call a ?ber group) onto copies of itself. (2) maximization of recoverability is insured when the control group is symmetry-breaking with respect to the ?ber group.
Book Synopsis A Generative Theory of Shape by : Michael Leyton
Download or read book A Generative Theory of Shape written by Michael Leyton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-10-26 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to develop a generative theory of shape that has two properties we regard as fundamental to intelligence –(1) maximization of transfer: whenever possible, new structure should be described as the transfer of existing structure; and (2) maximization of recoverability: the generative operations in the theory must allow maximal inferentiability from data sets. We shall show that, if generativity satis?es these two basic criteria of - telligence, then it has a powerful mathematical structure and considerable applicability to the computational disciplines. The requirement of intelligence is particularly important in the gene- tion of complex shape. There are plenty of theories of shape that make the generation of complex shape unintelligible. However, our theory takes the opposite direction: we are concerned with the conversion of complexity into understandability. In this, we will develop a mathematical theory of und- standability. The issue of understandability comes down to the two basic principles of intelligence - maximization of transfer and maximization of recoverability. We shall show how to formulate these conditions group-theoretically. (1) Ma- mization of transfer will be formulated in terms of wreath products. Wreath products are groups in which there is an upper subgroup (which we will call a control group) that transfers a lower subgroup (which we will call a ?ber group) onto copies of itself. (2) maximization of recoverability is insured when the control group is symmetry-breaking with respect to the ?ber group.
Book Synopsis A Theory of Shape Identification by : Frédéric Cao
Download or read book A Theory of Shape Identification written by Frédéric Cao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-08-17 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen dramatic progress in shape recognition algorithms applied to ever-growing image databases. They have been applied to image stitching, stereo vision, image mosaics, solid object recognition and video or web image retrieval. More fundamentally, the ability of humans and animals to detect and recognize shapes is one of the enigmas of perception. The book describes a complete method that starts from a query image and an image database and yields a list of the images in the database containing shapes present in the query image. A false alarm number is associated to each detection. Many experiments will show that familiar simple shapes or images can reliably be identified with false alarm numbers ranging from 10-5 to less than 10-300. Technically speaking, there are two main issues. The first is extracting invariant shape descriptors from digital images. Indeed, a shape can be seen from various angles and distances and in various lights.
Book Synopsis Process Grammar: The Basis of Morphology by : Michael Leyton
Download or read book Process Grammar: The Basis of Morphology written by Michael Leyton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leyton's Process Grammar has been applied by scientists and engineers in many disciplines including medical diagnosis, geology, computer-aided design, meteorology, biological anatomy, neuroscience, chemical engineering, etc. This book demonstrates the following: The Process Grammar invents several entirely new concepts in biological morphology and manufacturing design, and shows that these concepts are fundamentally important. The Process Grammar has process-inference rules that give, to morphological transitions, powerful new causal explanations. Remarkably, the book gives a profound unification of biological morphology and vehicle design. The book invents over 30 new CAD operations that realize fundamentally important functions of a product. A crucial fact is that the Process Grammar is an example of the laws in Leyton's Generative Theory of Shape which give the ability to recover the design intents for which the shape features of a CAD model were created. The book demonstrates that the Process Grammar recovers important design intents in biological morphology and manufacturing design. In large-scale manufacturing systems, the recovery of design intents is important for solving the interoperability problem and product lifecycle management. This book is one of a series of books in Springer that elaborates Leyton's Generative Theory of Shape.
Book Synopsis The Structure of Paintings by : Michael Leyton
Download or read book The Structure of Paintings written by Michael Leyton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-07-07 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Leyton has developed new foundations for geometry in which shape is equivalent to memory storage. A principal argument of these foundations is that artworks are maximal memory stores. The theory of geometry is developed from Leyton's fundamental laws of memory storage, and this book shows that these laws determine the structure of paintings. Furthermore, the book demonstrates that the emotion expressed by a painting is actually the memory extracted by the laws. Therefore, the laws of memory storage allow the systematic and rigorous mapping not only of the compositional structure of a painting, but also of its emotional expression. The argument is supported by detailed analyses of paintings by Picasso, Raphael, Cezanne, Gauguin, Modigliani, Ingres, De Kooning, Memling, Balthus and Holbein.
Book Synopsis Interface Cultures by : Christa Sommerer
Download or read book Interface Cultures written by Christa Sommerer and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2015-07-31 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From media art archeology to contemporary interaction design - the term interface culture is based on a vivid and ongoing discourse in the fields of interactive art, interaction design, game design, tangible interfaces, auditory interfaces, fashionable technologies, wearable devices, intelligent ambiences, sensor technologies, telecommunication and new experimental forms of human-machine, human-human and machine-machine interactions and the cultural discourse surrounding them. This book's aim is to give an overview of the current state of interactive art and interface technology as well as an outlook on new forms of hybridization in art, media, scientific research and every-day media applications.
Book Synopsis Ambient Intelligence for Scientific Discovery by : Yang Cai
Download or read book Ambient Intelligence for Scientific Discovery written by Yang Cai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-02-16 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many difficult scientific discovery tasks can only be solved in interactive ways, by combining intelligent computing techniques with intuitive and adaptive user interfaces. It is inevitable to use human intelligence in scientific discovery systems: human eyes can capture complex patterns and relationships, along with detecting the exceptional cases in a data set; the human brain can easily manipulate perceptions to make decisions. Ambient intelligence is about this kind of ubiquitous and autonomous human interaction with information. Scientific discovery is a process of creative perception and communication, dealing with questions like: how do we significantly reduce information while maintaining meaning, or how do we extract patterns from massive data and growing data resources. Originating from the SIGCHI Workshop on Ambient Intelligence for Scientific Discovery, this state-of-the-art survey is organized in three parts: new paradigms in scientific discovery, ambient cognition, and ambient intelligence systems. Many chapters share common features such as interaction, vision, language, and biomedicine.
Book Synopsis Multimedia Information Extraction by : Mark T. Maybury
Download or read book Multimedia Information Extraction written by Mark T. Maybury and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-07-11 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of increasingly large consumer collections of audio (e.g., iTunes), imagery (e.g., Flickr), and video (e.g., YouTube) is driving a need not only for multimedia retrieval but also information extraction from and across media. Furthermore, industrial and government collections fuel requirements for stock media access, media preservation, broadcast news retrieval, identity management, and video surveillance. While significant advances have been made in language processing for information extraction from unstructured multilingual text and extraction of objects from imagery and video, these advances have been explored in largely independent research communities who have addressed extracting information from single media (e.g., text, imagery, audio). And yet users need to search for concepts across individual media, author multimedia artifacts, and perform multimedia analysis in many domains. This collection is intended to serve several purposes, including reporting the current state of the art, stimulating novel research, and encouraging cross-fertilization of distinct research disciplines. The collection and integration of a common base of intellectual material will provide an invaluable service from which to teach a future generation of cross disciplinary media scientists and engineers.
Book Synopsis Metarepresentation, Self-organization and Art by : Wolfgang Wildgen
Download or read book Metarepresentation, Self-organization and Art written by Wolfgang Wildgen and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2009 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the interrelationship between nature, semiosis, metarepresentation and (self-)consciousness, and the role played by metarepresentation in evolution. Representations must have emerged via self-organization from non-representational systems (found in physics, chemistry and biology). Major steps have been the evolution of molecules, macromolecules, life, and finally cultural and symbolic systems. Representations and signs are therefore parts of a huge, possibly branching «ladder of beings». Metarepresentations - images representing images, language about language and language-use, thoughts about thoughts - constitute a fascinating theme within such diverse areas of research as philosophy, literature, theology, anthropology and history, neuroscience, psychology and linguistics. The contributions to this book reflect this variety of different, but often interrelated perspectives on metarepresentation. They also exemplify the difficulties of a truly interdisciplinary discourse and show how one may start such a discourse in the field of semiotics, understood as a meta-discipline which brings together all scientific enterprises dealing with human mind and human culture.
Book Synopsis Medial Representations by : Kaleem Siddiqi
Download or read book Medial Representations written by Kaleem Siddiqi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-08 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last half century has seen the development of many biological or physical t- ories that have explicitly or implicitly involved medial descriptions of objects and other spatial entities in our world. Simultaneously mathematicians have studied the properties of these skeletal descriptions of shape, and, stimulated by the many areas where medial models are useful, computer scientists and engineers have developed numerous algorithms for computing and using these models. We bring this kno- edge and experience together into this book in order to make medial technology more widely understood and used. The book consists of an introductory chapter, two chapters on the major mat- matical results on medial representations, ?ve chapters on algorithms for extracting medial models from boundary or binary image descriptions of objects, and three chapters on applications in image analysis and other areas of study and design. We hope that this book will serve the science and engineering communities using medial models and will provide learning material for students entering this ?eld. We are fortunate to have recruited many of the world leaders in medial theory, algorithms, and applications to write chapters in this book. We thank them for their signi?cant effort in preparing their contributions. We have edited these chapters and have combined them with the ?ve chapters that we have written to produce an integrated whole.
Book Synopsis Trubetzkoy's Orphan by : Rajendra Singh
Download or read book Trubetzkoy's Orphan written by Rajendra Singh and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In putting 'morphonology' up for adoption as a chapitre particulier in 1929, Trubetzkoy started a debate regarding the boundary between phonology and morphology that has not ended yet. Essentially a record of a roundtable devoted to that boundary (Montréal, October 1994), Trubetzkoy's Orphan is a full and fascinating picture of some very important contemporary attempts to define it. In addition to papers that focus on it, the volume also contains important papers on the closely related topics of 'morphoprosody' and the 'lexicon', views from 'the floor' and 'the outside', and edited transcripts of the discussions that took place at the Montréal Roundtable. Intended both for practicising and future phonologists and morpho-logists, Trubetzkoy's Orphan is a valuable record of a very important debate regarding one of the most central questions in phonology and morphology.
Book Synopsis Spatial Cognition IV, Reasoning, Action, Interaction by : C. Freksa
Download or read book Spatial Cognition IV, Reasoning, Action, Interaction written by C. Freksa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-03 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postproceedings of the International Conference on Spatial Cognition 2004 held in Fauenchiemsee, Germany in October 2004. The 27 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on route directions, wayfinding, and spatial behaviour; description of space, prepositions and reference; meta-models, diagrams, and maps; spatial-temporal representation and reasoning; and robot mapping and piloting.
Book Synopsis Visual Thought by : Liliana Albertazzi
Download or read book Visual Thought written by Liliana Albertazzi and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2006-12-20 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume starts from an interdisciplinary expertise of the contributors, and chooses to work on the very origins of conscious qualitative states in perception. The leading research paradigm can be synthesized in ‘phenomenology to neurons to stimuli, and backwards’, since as a starting point it has taken the phenomenal appearances in the visual field. Specifically, the leading theme of the volume is the co-presence and interaction of diverse types of spaces in vision, like the optical space of psychophysics and of neural elaboration, the qualitative space of phenomenal appearances, and its relation with the pictorial space of art. The contributors to the volume agree in arguing that those spaces follow different rules of organization, whose specific singularity and reciprocal dependence have to be individuated, as a preliminary step to understand the architecture of the conscious awareness of our environment and to conceive its potential implementation in constructing any kind of embodied intentional agents. (Series B)
Book Synopsis Perception beyond Inference by : Liliana Albertazzi
Download or read book Perception beyond Inference written by Liliana Albertazzi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proposing a new paradigm for perceptual science that goes beyond standard information theory and digital computation. This book breaks with the conventional model of perception that views vision as a mere inference to an objective reality on the basis of "inverse optics." The authors offer the alternative view that perception is an expressive and awareness-generating process. Perception creates semantic information in such a way as to enable the observer to deal efficaciously with the chaotic and meaningless structure present at the physical boundary between the body and its surroundings. Vision is intentional by its very nature; visual qualities are essential and real, providing an aesthetic and meaningful interface to the structures of physics and the state of the brain. This view brings perception firmly in line with ethology and modern evolutionary biology and suggests new approaches in all disciplines that study, or require an understanding of, the ontology of mind. The book is the joint effort of a multidisciplinary group of authors. Topics covered include the relationships among stimuli, neuronal processes, and visual awareness. After considering the mind-dependent growing of information, the book treats time and dynamics; color, shape, and space; language and perception; perception, art, and design.
Book Synopsis Drawing for Product Designers by : Kevin Henry
Download or read book Drawing for Product Designers written by Kevin Henry and published by Laurence King Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its tutorial-based approach, this is a practical guide to both hand- and computer-drawn design. Readers will learn to think three-dimensionally and build complex design ideas that are structurally sound and visually clear. The book also illustrates how these basic skills underpin the use of computer-aided design and graphic software. While these applications assist the designer in creating physical products, architectural spaces and virtual interfaces, a basic knowledge of sketching and drawing allows the designer to fully exploit the software. Foundational chapters show how these technical skills fit into a deeper and more intuitive feeling for visualisation and representation, while featured case studies of leading designers, artists and architects illustrate the full range of different drawing options available. Hundreds of hand-drawn sketches and computer models have been specially created to demonstrate critical geometry and show how to build on basic forms and exploit principles of perspective to develop sketches into finished illustrations. There's also advice on establishing context, shading and realizing more complex forms.
Book Synopsis Robotics and Cognitive Approaches to Spatial Mapping by : Margaret E. Jefferies
Download or read book Robotics and Cognitive Approaches to Spatial Mapping written by Margaret E. Jefferies and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important work is an attempt to synthesize two areas that need to be treated in tandem. The book brings together the fields of robot spatial mapping and cognitive spatial mapping, which share some common core problems. One would expect some cross-fertilization of research between the two areas to have occurred, yet this has begun only recently. There are now signs that some synthesis is happening, so this work is a timely one for students and engineers in robotics.
Book Synopsis Geometric Modeling and Processing - GMP 2006 by : Myung-Soo Kim
Download or read book Geometric Modeling and Processing - GMP 2006 written by Myung-Soo Kim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-07-18 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Geometric Modeling and Processing, GMP 2006, held in Pittsburgh, PA, USA, July 2006. The book presents 36 revised full papers and 21 revised short papers addressing current issues in geometric modeling and processing are addressed. The papers are organized in topical sections on shape reconstruction, curves and surfaces, geometric processing, shape deformation, shape description, shape recognition, and more.
