Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
A Comparative Analysis Of Habitat And Juvenile Steelhead Oncorhynchus Mykiss Demographics In An Altered Watershed
Download A Comparative Analysis Of Habitat And Juvenile Steelhead Oncorhynchus Mykiss Demographics In An Altered Watershed full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online A Comparative Analysis Of Habitat And Juvenile Steelhead Oncorhynchus Mykiss Demographics In An Altered Watershed ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis A Comparative Analysis of Habitat and Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Demographics in an Altered Watershed by : Richard Bruce Hartson
Download or read book A Comparative Analysis of Habitat and Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Demographics in an Altered Watershed written by Richard Bruce Hartson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Ecology of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) by : Knut Marius Myrvold
Download or read book The Ecology of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) written by Knut Marius Myrvold and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifying the processes by which populations are governed and the conditions under which they are operant is a primary interest in ecology and has obvious relevance for management. Anadromous Pacific salmonids represent a particularly imperiled taxon with large conservation interest, especially in the Columbia River Basin, USA. This project concerned the juvenile rearing stage of a population of threatened Snake River steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Lapwai Creek watershed, Idaho. The system is characterized by hot and dry summers, heterogeneous habitat conditions, and substantial differences in densities both within and among tributary streams. The primary goal of this research was to identify mechanistic linkages between individual- and population-level demographic parameters and their environment, and to understand how population processes operate to shape individual performance. The results showed that temperature-induced energetic costs posed constraints on individual growth, suggesting that energetic cost can offset the competitive advantages of large body size when food is a limiting factor. Secondly, density-dependent regulation of cohort size occurred under certain conditions but was not ubiquitous, suggesting population sizes below carrying capacity. The strength of the regulation was explained by environmental conditions and temperature. Thirdly, despite overall low densities, density dependence was manifested in depressed individual growth rates. Growth rates in both cohorts were negatively related to the total population densities, but were inconsistently affected by the densities of the other cohort. Fourthly, habitat-based controls on densities were operant across spatial scales. Whereas watershed topography and discharge regime best described the variation in subyearling densities, yearlings were better described by channel hydraulics. Finally, site fidelity was overall low, suggesting that a large proportion of the individuals were not territorial, and that the propensity to stay was better predicted by habitat factors than biotic factors. In conclusion, these results show an overall strong abiotic control on juvenile steelhead abundance in the study system, but the strength of these controls to vary substantially across time and space. The subsequent strength of the density-dependent processes depended on these abiotic controls. The combined effects of these abiotic and density-dependent controls constrained and shaped individual growth performance and movement decisions.
Book Synopsis Tradeoffs of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Rearing in an Intermittently Closed Estuary, Northern California USA by : William Carson Matsubu
Download or read book Tradeoffs of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Rearing in an Intermittently Closed Estuary, Northern California USA written by William Carson Matsubu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estuarine environments provide an essential habitat to many aquatic animals and, in some settings, can be susceptible to drastic environmental transformations caused by deviations in connectivity with the ocean. In these intermittently closed estuaries (ICEs), the presence or absence of a barrier beach, naturally controlled by wave action and river flow, determines the mouth state (closed or open). Depending on the frequency and duration of closures and reopenings, ICEs can create a conundrum for inhabitants, especially diadromous fish that must transit between marine and freshwater habitats to reproduce. Changes in connectivity to the ocean not only obstructs migration between the ocean and the river but can also cause deadly conditions, especially for juvenile pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) that have a narrow range of physiological tolerances for the abiotic variables susceptible to large fluctuations in ICEs. Despite these hurdles, ICEs constitute essential habitats for threatened populations of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). This dissertation utilizes a threatened population of juvenile steelhead in the Russian River estuary, northern California, USA as a case study to examine an array of relevant topics about the efficacy of a juvenile anadromous fish occupying an ICE. The intersection of a threatened fish with a plastic and complex life history within an understudied system provides many challenges as well as opportunities. In addition to a brief introduction (Chapter 1) and conclusion (Chapter 6), the main chapters of this dissertation (Chapters 2-5) will address knowledge gaps specific to juvenile steelhead in the Russian River estuary. The second chapter addressed uncertainties regarding what abiotic conditions juvenile steelhead are exposed to and how steelhead may avoid physiologically stressful conditions. Specifically, we answered the following questions: (1) "What are the WQ habitats used by juvenile steelhead during open and closed conditions in an ICE?" and (2) "What behavioural change is evidenced between open and closed conditions that might alter the juvenile steelhead's risk of exposure to stressful WQ?" To answer these questions, we combined thermal sensor encoded acoustic telemetry and coincidental WQ sampling. Chapter two determined that, under open conditions, juvenile steelhead experienced primarily brackish and saline water in the lower and middle reaches and warm freshwater in the upper reach, whereas under closed conditions, they moved greater distances and were found to be aggregating near cool water refugia not used during open mouth conditions. These findings shed light on the abiotic conditions juvenile steelhead are exposed to and emphasize the importance of tributary hydrogeomorphic processes and groundwater linkages in subwatersheds that are sources of cool water refugia in ICEs. The purpose of the third chapter was to evaluate the vertical response of juvenile steelhead to the physiochemical conditions (i.e., temperature, DO, salinity) in the Russian River estuary. This chapter further explored the acoustic telemetry and simultaneously collected WQ data from chapter two to test the following hypotheses: (i) juvenile steelhead will shift their position in the water column based on prevailing physiochemical conditions; (ii) the degree to which juvenile steelhead adjust their position in the water column will vary with fish size; and (iii) smaller juvenile steelhead will risk potentially stressful conditions to take advantage of prey sources. The results indicated the depth of fish varied in response to the present abiotic conditions and typically reflected the occupation of more energetically and physiologically beneficial habitats, with smaller fish being shallower in the water column when proximate salinities are higher. Results indicated management activities that promote open mouth conditions may create challenges for steelhead that are not acclimated to saline conditions but reveal foraging strategies used by juvenile steelhead that are not yet tolerant of higher salinities. Macroinvertebrates are fundamental to the food webs, yet their response to management activities that affect connectivity to the ocean is not well understood. The fourth chapter used systematic sampling of the benthic and epibenthic macroinvertebrates to assess factors that affect the diversity and abundance of key food web taxa. Similar to other ICEs, the macroinvertebrate assemblage of the Russian River estuary was primarily composed of taxa that can deal with the variability, either physiologically or behaviourally. Furthermore, the prominent food web taxa were abundant during both open and closed mouth conditions and were found in large aggregations in habitat only inundated during closed mouth conditions. These increased densities in the closure-inundated habitat may reflect more expansive aggregations of key food web taxa that would lead to more efficient foraging for juvenile steelhead. Although the growth rates of juvenile steelhead in ICEs have been reported near the highest in literature, leading to increased marine survival, the specific factors contributing to this growth have not been specifically evaluated. The fifth chapter incorporated observed growth rates, a diet analysis, and thermal history of juvenile steelhead into a bioenergetics model to explore factors that most influence the growth potential of juvenile steelhead. In this chapter, I confirmed that growth rates of juvenile steelhead in the Russian River estuary rival the highest in literature and are attributed to ample foraging opportunities and the ability of juvenile steelhead to thermo-regulate behaviourally in the heterogeneous abiotic environment. Higher energetic costs due to higher temperatures in the upper reach were possibly buffered by the consumption of more energy dense prey. These results indicated that growth is likely not limiting the recovery of threatened steelhead in the Russian River estuary. With many populations of salmonids imperiled near their southern range, efforts for recovery could benefit from protecting habitats in ICEs and considering the impacts of management activities to the water quality conditions.
Book Synopsis Distribution, Abundance, and Emigration of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), and Analysis of Stream Habitat in the Steamboat Creek Basin, Oregon by : Jeffery M. Dambacher
Download or read book Distribution, Abundance, and Emigration of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), and Analysis of Stream Habitat in the Steamboat Creek Basin, Oregon written by Jeffery M. Dambacher and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Snorkel dive estimates and an inventory of stream habitat of the juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) population in the Steamboat Creek basin were made in the summers of 1987 and 1988. Emigration was monitored by fish trapping from spring through fall of 1988. Distribution, abundance, and habitat utilization of juvenile steelhead were affected by stream size and temperature. The majority (65%) of age>1 fish were in two mainstem channels, whereas numbers of age 0 fish were more evenly distributed throughout the basin. Age>1 fish significantly (PO.005) increased their use of riffles with depth, and avoided shallow riffles. Where riffles were apparently too shallow, age1 steelhead utilized pool habitat to a greater extent. Age>1 steelhead greatly avoided glides in all sizes of channels. Age 0 steelhead appeared to be less restricted in their choice of habitat than age>1 fish. Age 0 fish, presumably by virtue of a smaller body size, showed only slightly increased use of riffles with depth. Both age 0 and>1 steelhead increased their use of riffles in streams with higher temperature regimes. Densities of age>1 fish in channels with large boulder substrate increased significantly (p=O.02) with mean riffle depth, probably as a function of more wetted area being useable in streams with deep riffles, and more feeding microhabitats being afforded by rough channels. Densities of age 0 fish did not appear to be affected by the range of stream sizes studied, or by channel roughness, but were low in all channels with high stream temperatures. Compared to other steelhead producing streams, Steamboat Creek had low summer rearing densities, small smolts, and an exceptionally high proportion of fish emigrating as parr (considered to be at least one year away from development of smolt characteristics). Roughly 120,000 age 0 steelhead, 60,000 parr, and 4,100 steelhead smolts were estimated to have emigrated from the basin. Most parr emigrated in the spring when stream flows were high, whereas the majority of age 0 fish emigrated during summer base flow recession. I suggest that parr emigration from Steamboat Creek may be a life history adaptation that takes advantage of rearing conditions downstream in the North Umpqua River.
Book Synopsis Partial Migration in Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) by : Jeffrey M. Caisman
Download or read book Partial Migration in Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) written by Jeffrey M. Caisman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Partial migration describes a population that includes both resident and migratory individuals. For steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), variation in the relative costs and benefits of an ocean migration can have consequences for the decision to migrate and its effect on individual lifetime fitness. Understanding the factors that influence migratory decisions, and how they may shift in the face of global change, is important for conserving these threatened species. The objectives of this study were to determine biotic and abiotic factors influencing juvenile O. mykiss life-history decisions in a partially migratory population, as well as how migration barriers alter these migratory behaviors and influence population connectivity. Using a combination of movement, genetic, and maternal origin analysis, our results illustrate the temporal and spatial variability of O. mykiss migratory behaviors in a degraded and fragmented watershed.
Book Synopsis Habitat Selection and Dispersal in Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) by : Austin J. Anderson
Download or read book Habitat Selection and Dispersal in Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) written by Austin J. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need to study rivers as complex, continuous, and hierarchical ecosystems to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of ecological processes is becoming increasingly clear. For juvenile anadromous salmonids, this scientific endeavor is uniquely essential as their life history strategies are based upon movement through habitats ranging in scale from small streams to the Pacific Ocean. A major factor influencing their odds of successfully completing this life cycle is their performance during the juvenile freshwater stage, and this performance is heavily influenced by habitat opportunities. Habitat selection in freshwater is closely linked with dispersal behavior, which facilitates movement between habitats of variable quality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) habitat selection and dispersal on an intermediate spatial scale that bridged the microhabitat (individual), reach (
Book Synopsis Potlatch River Steelhead Monitoring and Evaluation Project by : Brian Anthony Knoth
Download or read book Potlatch River Steelhead Monitoring and Evaluation Project written by Brian Anthony Knoth and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Chapter 2] We conducted habitat and electrofishing surveys to monitor rearing habitat conditions and juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) production metrics in treatment and control areas in the Potlatch River basin. Low water habitat surveys documented the extent of de-watering in the lower watershed tributaries and data from 2019 and 2020 fell within the range of previous estimates. In the upper watershed, habitat metrics were highly variable with no discernable improvements in the East Fork Potlatch River treatment area in 2019 and 2020. Juvenile steelhead density estimates in 2019 and 2020 fell within the range of previous estimates for all tributaries except Pine Creek (control tributary) which had the lowest estimates on record. Parrto-smolt survival estimates decreased in 2019 and 2020, relative to 2018, for all tributaries except the West Fork Little Bear Creek which showed an opposite pattern. The positive correlations between juvenile steelhead growth and survival with the amount of wetted habitat validates the need to improve base flow conditions in the lower Potlatch River watershed. In the upper watershed, a positive correlation between juvenile steelhead density and large wood highlights the need to improve in-stream habitat complexity in the treatment area.
Book Synopsis Trout and Salmon of North America by : Robert Behnke
Download or read book Trout and Salmon of North America written by Robert Behnke and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2010-07-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This beautiful and definitive guide brings together the world's lead leading expert on North American trout and salmon, Robert Behnke, and the foremost illustrator in the field, Joseph Tomelleri. North America is graced with the greatest diversity of trout and salmon on earth. From tiny brook trout in mountain streams of the Northeast, to cutthroat trout in the rivers of the Rockies, to Chinook salmon of the Pacific, the continent is home to more than 70 types of trout and salmon. How this came to be, how they are related, and what makes them unique -- and so breathtaking -- is the story of Trout and Salmon of North America. The more than 100 illustrations of trout and salmon by Joseph Tomelleri showcased here exhibit a genius for detail, coloration, and proportion. Each portrait is made from field notes, streamside observations, photographs, and specimens collected by the artist. The result is a set of the most accurate and stunning illustrations of fish ever created. Robert Behnke has distilled 50 years of his research and writing about trout and salmon in completing this book. No one understands better than Behnke the diversity and conservation issues concerning these fishes or communicates so lucidly the biological wonders and complexities of their particular beauty. Also included are more than 40 richly detailed maps that clearly show the ranges of populations of trout and salmon throughout North America. An irresistible delight for anyone who appreciates natural history, Trout and Salmon of North America is a master guide to the natural elegance of our native fishes.
Book Synopsis Use of a Net Rate of Energy Intake Model to Examine Differences in Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Densities and the Energetic Implications of Restoration by : C. Eric Wall
Download or read book Use of a Net Rate of Energy Intake Model to Examine Differences in Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Densities and the Energetic Implications of Restoration written by C. Eric Wall and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) Fish and Wildlife Program mitigates for impacts of hydroelectric dams on ESA-listed salmon and steelhead populations in the Columbia River Basin (CRB). Considering the sizable investments in mitigation and the diversity of stream habitats within the CRB, there has been a pointed effort to develop and identify meaningful metrics relating to fish populations and trends in their habitat across the CRB. The Integrated Status and Effectiveness Monitoring Program (ISEMP) was developed in 2003 specifically for this purpose, and is tasked with developing and testing strategies for determining the status and trend of salmonid populations and their habitats in the CRB. This thesis was funded by the BPA, ISEMP, Eco Logical Research Inc., the Snake River Salmon Recovery Board, and the Intensively Monitored Watershed project in the Asotin Creek basin with the purpose of investigating the efficacy of foraging modeling as part of a large fish habitat monitoring program. The primary objectives were i) to assess a foraging model's ability to predict fish density in study sites involved in long-term monitoring and ii) to evaluate energetic implications of restoration design and progress after implementation using a foraging model. To assess the foraging model's ability to predict fish density (objective i), we collected topography, drift, temperature, discharge, and fish population information to support foraging modeling, and we simulated flow patterns, drift, foraging, swimming costs, carrying capacity, and density. We then compared observed and predicted densities in 22 study sites from the John Day and Asotin Creek watersheds: Linear regression between observed and predicted fish densities was significant (R2 = 0.61, p
Book Synopsis Spawning Stocks and Juvenile Summer Habitat of Rainbow Trout and Steelhead, Gulkana River, Alaska by : Thomas Christopher Stark
Download or read book Spawning Stocks and Juvenile Summer Habitat of Rainbow Trout and Steelhead, Gulkana River, Alaska written by Thomas Christopher Stark and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Gulkana River supports the northernmost population of steelhead and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in North America. The summer habitat of Gulkana River juvenile trout (i.e., steelhead and rainbow trout) was identified and described. Analysis of geomorphological features of stream reaches (stream entrenchment, bankfull width-to-depth ratio, sinuosity, channel material, and slope) in relation to differential use of habitat by juvenile trout indicated a strong preference for type C reaches (predominately riffle/run habitat) over type E reaches (predominately slow run habitat). A comparison of micro-habitats (riffle, run, pool, slow run) within those same reaches and distribution of juvenile trout indicated a preference for riffle and run habitat. Most type C reaches in the Mainstem were sparsely populated by juveniles throughout summer. The Middle Fork was devoid of juveniles in early summer. In mid- and late summer, coinciding with the arrival of spawning chinook O. tshawytscha and sockeye salmon O. nerka, most riffle/run reaches in the Middle Fork were occupied by juvenile trout. The steelhead spawning population has declined from an estimated 200-1,000 fish two decades ago to 20-50 fish during this study (1993-1995). Rainbow trout stocks are also apparently low. Monitoring of Copper River fisheries and Gulkana spawning populations and an investigation into other steelhead spawning populations in the Copper River basin are recommended"--3.
Book Synopsis Ecological Interactions Between Hatchery Summer Steelhead and Wild Oncorhynchus Mykiss in the Willamette River Basin, 2014 by :
Download or read book Ecological Interactions Between Hatchery Summer Steelhead and Wild Oncorhynchus Mykiss in the Willamette River Basin, 2014 written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which juvenile hatchery summer steelhead and wild winter steelhead overlap in space and time, to evaluate the extent of residualism among hatchery summer steelhead in the South Santiam River, and to evaluate the potential for negative ecological interactions among hatchery summer steelhead and wild winter steelhead. Because it is not possible to visually discern juvenile winter steelhead from resident rainbow trout, we treated all adipose-intact juvenile O. mykiss as one group that represented juvenile wild winter steelhead. The 2014 study objectives were to 1) estimate the proportion of hatchery summer steelhead that residualized in the South Santiam River in 2014, 2) determine the extent to which hatchery and naturally produced O. mykiss overlapped in space and time in the South Santiam River, and 3) characterize the behavioral interactions between hatchery-origin juvenile summer steelhead and naturally produced O. mykiss. We used a combination of radio telemetry and direct observations (i.e., snorkeling) to determine the potential for negative interactions between hatchery summer and wild winter steelhead juveniles in the South Santiam River. Data collected from these two independent methods indicated that a significant portion of the hatchery summer steelhead released as smolts did not rapidly emigrate from the South Santiam River in 2014. Of the 164 radio-tagged steelhead that volitionally left the hatchery, only 66 (40.2%) were detected outside of the South Santiam River. Forty-four (26.8% of 164) of the radio-tagged hatchery summer steelhead successfully emigrated to Willamette Falls. Thus, the last known location of the majority of the tagged fish (98 of 164 = 59.8%) was in the South Santiam River. Thirty-three of the tagged hatchery steelhead were detected in the South Santiam River during mobile-tracking surveys. Of those, 21 were found to be alive in the South Santiam River over three months after their release, representing a residualization rate of 12.8% (21 of 164). Snorkeling revealed considerable overlap of habitat use (in space and time) by residual hatchery steelhead and naturally produced O. mykiss in the South Santiam River. Results from our study (and others) also indicated that hatchery steelhead juveniles typically dominate interactions with naturally produced O. mykiss juveniles. The overlap in space and time, combined with the competitive advantage that residual hatchery steelhead appear to have over naturally produced O. mykiss, increases the potential for negative ecological interactions that could have population-level effects on the wild winter steelhead population of the South Santiam River.
Book Synopsis Ecology of Atlantic Salmon and Brown Trout by : Bror Jonsson
Download or read book Ecology of Atlantic Salmon and Brown Trout written by Bror Jonsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Destruction of habitat is the major cause for loss of biodiversity including variation in life history and habitat ecology. Each species and population adapts to its environment, adaptations visible in morphology, ecology, behaviour, physiology and genetics. Here, the authors present the population ecology of Atlantic salmon and brown trout and how it is influenced by the environment in terms of growth, migration, spawning and recruitment. Salmonids appeared as freshwater fish some 50 million years ago. Atlantic salmon and brown trout evolved in the Atlantic basin, Atlantic salmon in North America and Europe, brown trout in Europe, Northern Africa and Western Asia. The species live in small streams as well as large rivers, lakes, estuaries, coastal seas and oceans, with brown trout better adapted to small streams and less well adapted to feeding in the ocean than Atlantic salmon. Smolt and adult sizes and longevity are constrained by habitat conditions of populations spawning in small streams. Feeding, wintering and spawning opportunities influence migratory versus resident lifestyles, while the growth rate influences egg size and number, age at maturity, reproductive success and longevity. Further, early experiences influence later performance. For instance, juvenile behaviour influences adult homing, competition for spawning habitat, partner finding and predator avoidance. The abundance of wild Atlantic salmon populations has declined in recent years; climate change and escaped farmed salmon are major threats. The climate influences through changes in temperature and flow, while escaped farmed salmon do so through ecological competition, interbreeding and the spreading of contagious diseases. The authors pinpoint essential problems and offer suggestions as to how they can be reduced. In this context, population enhancement, habitat restoration and management are also discussed. The text closes with a presentation of what the authors view as major scientific challenges in ecological research on these species.
Book Synopsis Temporarily Open/closed Estuaries in South Africa by : R. Perissinotto
Download or read book Temporarily Open/closed Estuaries in South Africa written by R. Perissinotto and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South African temporarily open/closed estuaries (TOCEs) and similar systems along the coastlines of other regions of the world, especially Australia, are amongst the most productive aquatic ecosystems. They shift seasonally from mostly open mouth states during rainy seasons to mostly closed mouth states during the dry part of the year. This allows a whole range of juvenile forms of estuarine-dependent and estuarine-associated marine species to be recruited inside their sheltered and productive reaches, where they complete their growth to maturity. This book covers topics such as the structure and function of open/closed estuaries in South Africa, as well as outlining the future management decisions that need to be made in order to ensure the longevity of these productive ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Upstream by : National Research Council
Download or read book Upstream written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-07-17 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of salmon to the Pacific Northwestâ€"economic, recreational, symbolicâ€"is enormous. Generations ago, salmon were abundant from central California through Idaho, Oregon, and Washington to British Columbia and Alaska. Now they have disappeared from about 40 percent of their historical range. The decline in salmon numbers has been lamented for at least 100 years, but the issue has become more widespread and acute recently. The Endangered Species Act has been invoked, federal laws have been passed, and lawsuits have been filed. More than $1 billion has been spent to improve salmon runsâ€"and still the populations decline. In this new volume a committee with diverse expertise explores the complications and conflicts surrounding the salmon problemâ€"starting with available data on the status of salmon populations and an illustrative case study from Washington state's Willapa Bay. The book offers specific recommendations for salmon rehabilitation that take into account the key role played by genetic variability in salmon survival and the urgent need for habitat protection and management of fishing. The committee presents a comprehensive discussion of the salmon problem, with a wealth of informative graphs and charts and the right amount of historical perspective to clarify today's issues, including: Salmon biology and geographyâ€"their life's journey from fresh waters to the sea and back again to spawn, and their interaction with ecosystems along the way. The impacts of human activitiesâ€"grazing, damming, timber, agriculture, and population and economic growth. Included is a case study of Washington state's Elwha River dam removal project. Values, attitudes, and the conflicting desires for short-term economic gain and long-term environmental health. The committee traces the roots of the salmon problem to the extractive philosophy characterizing management of land and water in the West. The impact of hatcheries, which were introduced to build fish stocks but which have actually harmed the genetic variability that wild stocks need to survive. This book offers something for everyone with an interest in the salmon issueâ€"policymakers and regulators in the United States and Canada; environmental scientists; environmental advocates; natural resource managers; commercial, tribal, and recreational fishers; and concerned residents of the Pacific Northwest.
Book Synopsis Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences by :
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fisheries Ecology and Management by : Carl J. Walters
Download or read book Fisheries Ecology and Management written by Carl J. Walters and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative modeling methods have become a central tool in the management of harvested fish populations. This book examines how these modeling methods work, why they sometimes fail, and how they might be improved by incorporating larger ecological interactions. Fisheries Ecology and Management provides a broad introduction to the concepts and quantitative models needed to successfully manage fisheries. Walters and Martell develop models that account for key ecological dynamics such as trophic interactions, food webs, multi-species dynamics, risk-avoidance behavior, habitat selection and density-dependence. They treat fisheries policy development as a two-stage process, first identifying strategies for varying harvest in relation to changes in abundance, then finding ways to implement such strategies in terms of monitoring and regulatory procedures. This book provides a general framework for developing assessment models in terms of state-observation dynamics hypotheses, and points out that most fisheries assessment failures have been due to inappropriate observation model hypotheses rather than faulty models for ecological dynamics. Intended as a text in upper division and graduate classes on fisheries assessment and management, this useful guide will also be widely read by ecologists and fisheries scientists.
Book Synopsis Fisherman's Spring by : Roderick L. Haig-Brown
Download or read book Fisherman's Spring written by Roderick L. Haig-Brown and published by Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2014-03-04 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most prolific fly-fishing writers of the twentieth century, Roderick L. Haig-Brown continues his “seasons” cycle with Fisherman’s Spring, a book that is as much about the deep philosophical aspects of fly fishing as it is about fly fishing itself. Readers will learn about the abundance of spring life in the streams of British Columbia while also being treated to Haig-Brown’s thoughtful musings and ideas about the rewards of fly fishing streams. Chapters readers will encounter include: Spring Defined Early Cutthroat Lakes Fly Types The Secret Life Fishing and the Common Man On Wading Fishermen and Forestry Fishing and Milkmaids The Forecast Recognizing Birds Putting Fish Back A Boy and a Fish Pole And many more Discover within these pages how fly fishing can enrich life and bring joy to every fisher. Both novices and experts alike will find a wealth of knowledge in Fisherman’s Spring. Originally published in 1964, Fisherman’s Fall brings a unique perspective to the world of fall fishing. In the preface, Robert L. Haig-Brown ruminates on the attempts to preserve the salmon and trout in the rivers of British Columbia. What we know could save them, yet what we do contradicts that knowledge. Gaining the knowledge in this book will help fishers learn the nature of the fish and might even inspire some to contribute to their preservation. Fisherman’s Fall gives fishers all the tools to become adept at fishing the rivers of British Columbia as well as firsthand knowledge of the fish of those rivers and their habits. In fabulous prose, readers will discover the unique fishing facts and techniques that accompany the fall season, differences between salmon in salt water and fresh water, the ocean years of salmon, the nature of estuaries, steelhead mysteries, and what makes an ideal stream. Besides gathering wise information, readers get to glimpse the inner thoughts of a fisherman in the chapters of Haig-Brown’s own thoughts while fishing. These wise words will speak to any fisher, and they will even speak to those who have never been on a river. Combining angling advice and inner reflection, this book is a must-have for fishermen and fisherwomen of all ages. Skyhorse Publishing is proud to publish a broad range of books for fishermen. Our books for anglers include titles that focus on fly fishing, bait fishing, fly-casting, spin casting, deep sea fishing, and surf fishing. Our books offer both practical advice on tackle, techniques, knots, and more, as well as lyrical prose on fishing for bass, trout, salmon, crappie, baitfish, catfish, and more. While not every title we publish becomes a New York Times bestseller or a national bestseller, we are committed to publishing books on subjects that are sometimes overlooked by other publishers and to authors whose work might not otherwise find a home.
