2011 Mongolia Investment Climate Statement

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2011 Mongolia Investment Climate Statement

Author : United States United States Department of State
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781511429894
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis 2011 Mongolia Investment Climate Statement by : United States United States Department of State

Download or read book 2011 Mongolia Investment Climate Statement written by United States United States Department of State and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-25 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its specific policies, laws, and general attitude, the Government of Mongolia (GOM) has tended to support foreign direct investment (FDI) in all sectors and businesses. In general, Mongolian law does not discriminate against foreign investors. Foreigners may invest with a minimum of US $100,000 cash or the equivalent value of capital material (office stock, structures, autos, etc.). In both law and practice, foreigners may own 100% of any registered business with no legal, regulatory, or administrative requirement to take on any Mongolian entity as a joint venture partner, shareholder, or agent. Mongolia pre-screens neither investments nor investors, except in terms of the legality of the proposed activity under Mongolian law. The only exceptions to this flexible investment regime are land ownership, petroleum extraction, certain rail projects, and strategic mineral deposits. Reflecting on the year just passed, 2010 presented investors with a very mixed business climate. Positively, the key Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold project (OT) continues to move forward, having brought over US $2 billion into Mongolia through technology, jobs, and other revenues. Although some clouds loom over the OT horizon, this marquee project represents and justifies Mongolia's investment potential for most investors. More negatively, 2010 continued regulatory and legislative trends that began in 2009 in the areas of environmental law, taxation, and mineral rights which have been widely perceived as narrowing Mongolia's openness to FDI. We expect these trends to bleed into other sectors into 2011 and beyond. While many Mongolian industrial and economic strategies do not discriminate actively or passively for or against foreign investors, specific governmental acts regarding foreign involvement in Mongolias nascent uranium sector as well as preferential treatment for state-owned mining ventures have spurred criticism that the government is curtailing the rights of foreign and domestic private investors in favor of the Mongolian state.

Mongolia

Author : United States United States Department of State
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781514388853
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (888 download)

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Book Synopsis Mongolia by : United States United States Department of State

Download or read book Mongolia written by United States United States Department of State and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mongolia is a landlocked country located in North-East Asia. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into Mongolia has trended downward since its 2011 peak of USD 4.7 billion. Overall, FDI into Mongolia fell by 85 percent from 2011 through the first quarter of 2015, with USD 644 million of FDI in 2014. Some 80 percent of FDI into Mongolia annually targets the mining sector and falling global coal and copper prices have dampened investor interest. Mongolia's elected leaders readily accept, however, that government missteps (confiscating selected mining licenses, levying a mining-specific windfall profits tax, assuming veto rights over mining company business decisions, etc.) collectively amounted to a far greater disincentive to investment; these leaders say they recognize the need to correct course. Parliament's ousting of the Democratic Party-led coalition Government in November 2014 clearly reflected a lack of confidence in the government's economic policies. In December 2014, new Prime Minister Saikhanbileg led an all-party unity government into office vowing to focus its efforts virtually exclusively on Mongolia's battered economy, to make restoration of FDI the center of those efforts, and to put the launching at long last of two FDI-fueled mining mega-projects - OyuTolgoi (copper/gold) and TavanTolgoi (coal) - at the epicenter of efforts. The new PM initially received high grades from the Mongolian public for sincerity and determination but lower grades for results. A sign that the PM and his government mean to turn that situation around was the May 18, 2015, signing of the Oyu Tolgoi Underground Mine Development and Financing Plan (Plan) by representatives of the GOM and Rio Tinto. At the signing, Prime Minister Saikhanbileg said "Mongolia is back to business" and that Oyu Tolgoi is a world-class copper-gold asset and its further development is of great economic significance for Mongolia. He boldly asserted that Mongolia had finalized a way forward with its partners that established a new and constructive relationship based on mutual trust and joint long-term commitment to Mongolia's growth. The PM's robust, public defense of the Plan before Parliament on May 22 encouraged investors' belief that GOM is fundamentally changing its attitude toward FDI. However, investors also will judge the GOM's resolve by how it treats investments beyond OT. As most Mongolian eyes focus on Parliament, international investors have an additional and serious concern - the evident willingness of Mongolian state prosecutors and other authorities to unilaterally impose exit bans on foreign business executives whose companies become involved in business-related disputes with the government or individual Mongolian citizens. The 2015 conviction and imprisonment of three mining executives (among them a U.S. citizen) suggested to investors that Mongolian courts do not fully observe principles of due process, and that foreign investors risk being coerced into settling legal disputes on disadvantageous terms. In 2014, investors told us that those willing to realistically accept the challenges of Mongolia's commodity-driven economy and rough and tumble political and judicial processes might find profitable medium- to long-term investment opportunities. Mongolia, after all, has some of the world's largest untapped mineral reserves. For U.S. investors, mining and mining-related services represent the most important and potentially remunerative sectors for long-term investment in Mongolia. Other promising sectors include infrastructure, transportation, energy, construction, healthcare, agriculture, tourism, and environmental products and services. But investor concerns about weak rule of law in Mongolia require us to heavily caveat even last year's qualified endorsement.

Mongolia Investment Climate Statement 2015

Author : United States United States Department of State
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781530701292
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Mongolia Investment Climate Statement 2015 by : United States United States Department of State

Download or read book Mongolia Investment Climate Statement 2015 written by United States United States Department of State and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mongolia is a landlocked country located in North-East Asia. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into Mongolia has trended downward since its 2011 peak of USD 4.7 billion. Overall, FDI into Mongolia fell by 85 percent from 2011 through the first quarter of 2015, with USD 644 million of FDI in 2014. Some 80 percent of FDI into Mongolia annually targets the mining sector and falling global coal and copper prices have dampened investor interest. Mongolia's elected leaders readily accept, however, that government missteps (confiscating selected mining licenses, levying a mining-specific windfall profits tax, assuming veto rights over mining company business decisions, etc.) collectively amounted to a far greater disincentive to investment; these leaders say they recognize the need to correct course. Parliament's ousting of the Democratic Party-led coalition Government in November 2014 clearly reflected a lack of confidence in the government's economic policies. In December 2014, new Prime Minister Saikhanbileg led an all-party unity government into office vowing to focus its efforts virtually exclusively on Mongolia's battered economy, to make restoration of FDI the center of those efforts, and to put the launching at long last of two FDI-fueled mining mega-projects - OyuTolgoi (copper/gold) and TavanTolgoi (coal) - at the epicenter of efforts. The new PM initially received high grades from the Mongolian public for sincerity and determination but lower grades for results. A sign that the PM and his government mean to turn that situation around was the May 18, 2015, signing of the Oyu Tolgoi Underground Mine Development and Financing Plan (Plan) by representatives of the GOM and Rio Tinto. At the signing, Prime Minister Saikhanbileg said "Mongolia is back to business" and that Oyu Tolgoi is a world-class copper-gold asset and its further development is of great economic significance for Mongolia. He boldly asserted that Mongolia had finalized a way forward with its partners that established a new and constructive relationship based on mutual trust and joint long-term commitment to Mongolia's growth. The PM's robust, public defense of the Plan before Parliament on May 22 encouraged investors' belief that GOM is fundamentally changing its attitude toward FDI. However, investors also will judge the GOM's resolve by how it treats investments beyond OT. As most Mongolian eyes focus on Parliament, international investors have an additional and serious concern - the evident willingness of Mongolian state prosecutors and other authorities to unilaterally impose exit bans on foreign business executives whose companies become involved in business-related disputes with the government or individual Mongolian citizens. The 2015 conviction and imprisonment of three mining executives (among them a U.S. citizen) suggested to investors that Mongolian courts do not fully observe principles of due process, and that foreign investors risk being coerced into settling legal disputes on disadvantageous terms. In 2014, investors told us that those willing to realistically accept the challenges of Mongolia's commodity-driven economy and rough and tumble political and judicial processes might find profitable medium- to long-term investment opportunities. Mongolia, after all, has some of the world's largest untapped mineral reserves. For U.S. investors, mining and mining-related services represent the most important and potentially remunerative sectors for long-term investment in Mongolia. Other promising sectors include infrastructure, transportation, energy, construction, healthcare, agriculture, tourism, and environmental products and services. But investor concerns about weak rule of law in Mongolia require us to heavily caveat even last year's qualified endorsement.

Doing Business 2020

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464814414
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Doing Business 2020 by : World Bank

Download or read book Doing Business 2020 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.

Mongolia's Economic Prospects

Author : Matthias Helble
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292622498
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Mongolia's Economic Prospects by : Matthias Helble

Download or read book Mongolia's Economic Prospects written by Matthias Helble and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication examines Mongolia’s recent economic development and outlines reforms that would help the country take advantage of its many opportunities. Mongolia is rich in natural resources and, although landlocked, is well-placed to boost trade with its two giant neighbors. The country needs to diversify its economy beyond mining, enhance economic stability, and increase employment. To maximize Mongolia’s potential the government can improve macroeconomic management, enhance the skill base, and provide hard and soft infrastructure to promote trade and efficient logistics. Governance and institutional reforms are also crucial. The government will need to continue to drive reforms so that they are well implemented and deliver the intended change.

Transnational Law and State Transformation

Author : Jennifer Lander
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429664133
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Transnational Law and State Transformation by : Jennifer Lander

Download or read book Transnational Law and State Transformation written by Jennifer Lander and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contributes new theoretical insight and in-depth empirical analysis about the relationship between transnational legality, state change and the globalisation of markets. The role of transnational economic law in influencing and reorganising national systems of governance evidences the constitutional dimensions of global capitalism: the power to institute new rules and limits for national states. This form of new constitutionalism does not undermine the state but transforms it by eroding national capacities and implanting global alternatives. While leading scholars in the field have emphasised the much-needed value of case studies, there are no studies available which consider the cumulative impact of multiple axes of transnational legal ordering on the national state or its constitution. This monograph addresses this empirical gap, whilst expanding the theoretical scope of the field. Mongolia’s recent transformation as a mineral-exporting country provides a rare opportunity to witness economic and legal globalisation in process. Based on careful empirical analysis of national law and policy-making, the book traces the way distinctive processes of transnational legal ordering have reorganised and reframed the governance of Mongolia’s mining sector, specifically by redistributing state power in relation to the market, sub-national administrations and civil society. The book investigates the role of international financial institutions, multinational corporations and non-governmental organisations in normative transmission, as well as the critical role of national actors in embedding transnational investment norms within the domestic legal and policy environment. As the book demonstrates, however, the constitutional ramifications of transnational legal ordering extend beyond the mining regime itself into more fundamental questions of the trajectory of state transformation, institutionally and ideologically. The book will be of interest to scholars of international law, global governance and the political economy of development.

Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment

Author :
Publisher : Indonesia National Development Information Office
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment by :

Download or read book Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment written by and published by Indonesia National Development Information Office. This book was released on 1996 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

World Investment Report 2019

Author : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Publisher : United Nations
ISBN 13 : 921358282X
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis World Investment Report 2019 by : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

Download or read book World Investment Report 2019 written by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2019-08-09 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2019 edition of the World Investment Report focuses on special economic zones (SEZs) which are widely used across most developing and many developed economies. Although the performance of many zones remains below expectations, the rate of establishment of new zones is accelerating as governments increasingly compete for internationally mobile industrial activity. Policymakers face not only the traditional challenges to making SEZs succeed, including the need for strategic focus, sound governance models, and effective investment promotion tools, but also new challenges brought about by the sustainable development imperative, the new industrial revolution, and changing patterns of international production. The Report explores the place of SEZs in today’s global investment landscape and provides guidance for policymakers on how to make SEZs work for sustainable development. It presents international investment trends and prospects at global, regional and national levels, as well as the evolution of international production and global value chains. It analyses the latest developments in new policy measures for investment promotion, facilitation and regulation around the world, as well as updates on investment treaties, their reform and investment dispute settlement cases.

Shock Waves

Author : Stephane Hallegatte
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464806748
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Shock Waves by : Stephane Hallegatte

Download or read book Shock Waves written by Stephane Hallegatte and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-23 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.

Economic Analysis of Climate-Proofing Investment Projects

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292570781
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Analysis of Climate-Proofing Investment Projects by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book Economic Analysis of Climate-Proofing Investment Projects written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2015-09-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change represents an increasing threat to the continued development of the people, preservation of ecosystems, and economic growth of Asia and the Pacific. Mainstreaming climate risk management in all aspects of development is thus key to an effective transition to climate-resilient development pathways. ADB's climate risk management framework aims to reduce risks resulting from climate change to investment projects in Asia and the Pacific. A key step in this framework is the technical and economic valuation of climate-proofing measures. This report describes the conduct of the cost-benefit analysis of climate proofing investment projects. An important message is that the presence of uncertainty about climate change does not invalidate the conduct of the economic analysis of investment projects, nor does it require a new type of economic analysis. However, the presence of uncertainty does require a different type of decision-making process in which technical and economic expertise combine to present decision makers with the best possible information on the economic efficiency of alternative designs of investment projects.

Republic of Mozambique

Author : International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 151351198X
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Republic of Mozambique by : International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept.

Download or read book Republic of Mozambique written by International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-08-23 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Diagnostic Report on Transparency, Governance and Corruption for the Republic of Mozambique highlights that the economy is at a turning point, and efforts to address governance and corruption vulnerabilities can have a lasting positive impact. The current levels of public debt have caused us to take a hard look at our governance and anticorruption framework and have prompted various reforms to address the vulnerabilities exposed in this framework. The governance and anticorruption framework is not consistently or comprehensively enforced. The rule of law is undermined by the insufficient implementation of existing legislation and regulations, including, in some cases through the absence of necessary regulations and explanatory guidelines. Civil society, the private sector, and the development partners in Mozambique also have critical roles to play. In addition, issues related to poor governance and corruption cannot be effectively addressed unless similar attention is paid to their transnational aspects, which need to be handled at a regional and global level, in multilateral and other international fora.

OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan 2017

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264269606
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan 2017 by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Kazakhstan 2017 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Kazakh authorities have embarked upon an ambitious reform programme to improve the country’s framework for investment and strengthen the country as an attractive investment destination.

Singapore: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Singapore

Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513586033
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Singapore: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Singapore by : International Monetary

Download or read book Singapore: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Singapore written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Singapore entered the COVID-19 pandemic with sizable policy space and robust economic policy frameworks, yet facing longer-term challenges. The economy has been severely impacted by the pandemic, but a bold, comprehensive, and coordinated policy package has helped cushion the economic fallout. Following a record contraction in the first half of 2020, activity has rebounded, and growth is projected to strengthen to 6 percent in 2021, underpinned by a recovery in domestic demand and a positive contribution from net exports. The uncertainty surrounding the outlook is larger than usual.

Investing to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241564865
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Investing to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Investing to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The presence, or absence, of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can be seen as a proxy for poverty and for the success of interventions aimed at reducing poverty. Today, coverage of the public-health interventions recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) against NTDs may be interpreted as a proxy for universal health coverage and shared prosperity - in short, a proxy for coverage against neglect. As the world's focus shifts from development to sustainable development, from poverty eradication to shared prosperity, and from disease-specific goals to universal health coverage, control of NTDs will assume an important role towards the target of achieving universal health coverage, including individual financial risk protection. Success in overcoming NTDs is a "litmus test" for universal health coverage against NTDs in endemic countries. The first WHO report on NTDs (2010) set the scene by presenting the evidence for how these interventions had produced results. The second report (2013) assessed the progress made in deploying them and detailed the obstacles to their implementation. This third report analyses for the first time the investments needed to achieve the scale up of implementation required to achieve the targets of the WHO Roadmap on NTDs and universal coverage against NTDs. INVESTING TO OVERCOME THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES presents an investment strategy for NTDs and analyses the specific investment case for prevention, control, elimination and eradication of 12 of the 17 NTDs. Such an analysis is justified following the adoption by the Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly in 2013 of resolution WHA6612 on neglected tropical diseases, which called for sufficient and predictable funding to achieve the Roadmap's targets and sustain control efforts. The report cautions, however, that it is wise investment and not investment alone that will yield success. The report registers progress and challenges and signals those that lie ahead. Climate change is expected to increase the spread of several vector-borne NTDs, notably dengue, transmission of which is directly influenced by temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and climate variability primarily through their effects on the vector. Investments in vector-borne diseases will avoid the potentially catastrophic expenditures associated with their control. The presence of NTDs will thereby signal an early warning system for climate-sensitive diseases. The ultimate goal is to deliver enhanced and equitable interventions to the most marginalized populations in the context of a changing public-health and investment landscape to ensure that all peoples affected by NTDs have an opportunity to lead healthier and wealthier lives."--Publisher's description.

Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation

Author : Department of Economic & Social Affairs
Publisher : United Nations Publications
ISBN 13 : 9789211045871
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (458 download)

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Book Synopsis Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation by : Department of Economic & Social Affairs

Download or read book Achieving Sustainable Development and Promoting Development Cooperation written by Department of Economic & Social Affairs and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the key debates that took place during the Economic and Social Council meetings at the 2007 High-level Segment, at which ECOSOC organized its first biennial Development Cooperation Forum. The discussions also revolved around the theme of the second Annual Ministerial Review, "Implementing the internationally agreed goals and commitments in regard to sustainable development."--P. 4 of cover.

World Development Report 2019

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464813566
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis World Development Report 2019 by : World Bank

Download or read book World Development Report 2019 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work is constantly reshaped by technological progress. New ways of production are adopted, markets expand, and societies evolve. But some changes provoke more attention than others, in part due to the vast uncertainty involved in making predictions about the future. The 2019 World Development Report will study how the nature of work is changing as a result of advances in technology today. Technological progress disrupts existing systems. A new social contract is needed to smooth the transition and guard against rising inequality. Significant investments in human capital throughout a person’s lifecycle are vital to this effort. If workers are to stay competitive against machines they need to train or retool existing skills. A social protection system that includes a minimum basic level of protection for workers and citizens can complement new forms of employment. Improved private sector policies to encourage startup activity and competition can help countries compete in the digital age. Governments also need to ensure that firms pay their fair share of taxes, in part to fund this new social contract. The 2019 World Development Report presents an analysis of these issues based upon the available evidence.

Doing Business 2018

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464811474
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Doing Business 2018 by : World Bank

Download or read book Doing Business 2018 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2018 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity: • Starting a business • Dealing with construction permits • Getting electricity • Registering property • Getting credit • Protecting minority investors • Paying taxes • Trading across borders • Enforcing contracts • Resolving insolvency These areas are included in the distance to frontier score and ease of doing business ranking. Doing Business also measures features of labor market regulation, which is not included in these two measures. The report updates all indicators as of June 1, 2017, ranks economies on their overall “ease of doing business†?, and analyzes reforms to business regulation †“ identifying which economies are strengthening their business environment the most. Doing Business illustrates how reforms in business regulations are being used to analyze economic outcomes for domestic entrepreneurs and for the wider economy. It is a flagship product produced in partnership by the World Bank Group that garners worldwide attention on regulatory barriers to entrepreneurship. More than 137 economies have used the Doing Business indicators to shape reform agendas and monitor improvements on the ground. In addition, the Doing Business data has generated over 2,182 articles in peer-reviewed academic journals since its inception. Data Notes; Distance to Frontier and Ease of Doing Business Ranking; and Summaries of Doing Business Reforms in 2016/17 can be downloaded separately from the Doing Business website.