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Author : Michael Child
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1447835611
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (478 download)
Download or read book Year in South Karelia written by Michael Child and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2011 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nick Baron
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134383568
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)
Download or read book Soviet Karelia written by Nick Baron and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1920, Lenin authorised a plan to transform Karelia, a Russian territory adjacent to Finland, into a showcase Soviet autonomous region, to show what could be achieved by socialist nationalities policy and economic planning, and to encourage other countries to follow this example. However, Stalin’s accession to power brought a change of policy towards the periphery - the encouragement of local autonomy which had been a key part of Karelia’s model development was reversed, the state border was sealed to the outside world, and large parts of the republic's territory were given over to Gulag labour camps controlled by the NKVD, the precursor of the KGB. This book traces the evolution of Soviet Karelia in the early Soviet period, discussing amongst other things how political relations between Moscow and the regional leadership changed over time; the nature of its spatial, economic and demographic development; and the origins of the massive repressions launched in 1937 against the local population.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 862 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Geophysical Abstracts, 184 January-March 1961 written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Erkki Korpimäki
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139576364
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)
Download or read book The Boreal Owl written by Erkki Korpimäki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widespread in North American forest regions including the Rocky Mountains, the Boreal Owl (Aegolius funereus) was once the most numerous predatory bird in Eurasian boreal forests. Synthesising the results of unique long-term studies of Boreal Owls, this book explores hunting modes, habitats and foods, prey interactions, mating and parental care, reproduction, dispersal, survival and mortality, population regulation and conservation in boreal forests. Providing a detailed introduction to the species, the authors study the complex interactions of Boreal Owls with their prey species. They examine the inter-sexual tug-of-war over parental care, and the behavioural and demographic adaptations to environmental conditions that predictably and markedly fluctuate both seasonally and multi-annually. They also question whether Boreal Owls are able to time their reproductive effort to maximise lifetime reproductive success. Discussing the effect of modern forestry practices on owl populations, the book also examines how Boreal Owls could be managed to sustain viable populations.
Author : David Smallbone
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781952167
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (819 download)
Download or read book Cross-Border Entrepreneurship and Economic Development in Europe's Border Regions written by David Smallbone and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is concerned with entrepreneurship and economic development in EuropeÕs border regions, focusing on the effects of EU enlargement on these regions, both within the EU and in neighbouring countries. Particular attention is paid to cross-border entrepreneurial activity. Cross-border cooperation involving entrepreneurs is attracting increasing attention in Europe as EU enlargement has increased the length of its borders with the former Soviet republics. The expert contributors highlight that border regions tend to be economically disadvantaged as a result of their peripherality, which means that cross-border cooperation for business purposes represents a potential development tool. This groundbreaking book contains an empirical evidence base drawn from regions in EU member states and the Newly Independent States, as well as providing a conceptual base for informed policy development. This insightful book will prove invaluable for academics and students of entrepreneurship, economics, development and European studies.
Author : Nobuo Hayashi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9462656118
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (626 download)
Download or read book Honest Errors? Combat Decision-Making 75 Years After the Hostage Case written by Nobuo Hayashi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-04 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book marks the 75th anniversary of the 1948 Hostage Case in which a US military tribunal in Nuremberg acquitted General Lothar Rendulic of devastating Northern Norway on account of his honest factual error. The volume critically reappraises the law and facts underlying his trial, the no second-guessing rule in customary international humanitarian law (IHL) that is named after the general himself, and the assessment of modern battlefield decisions. Using recently discovered documents, this volume casts major doubts on Rendulic’s claim that he considered the region’s total devastation and the forcible evacuation of all of its inhabitants imperatively demanded by military necessity at the time. This book’s analysis of court records reveals how the tribunal failed to examine relevant facts or explain the Rendulic Rule’s legal origin. This anthology shows that, despite the Hostage Case’s ambiguity and occasional suggestions to the contrary, objective reasonableness forms part of the reasonable commander test under IHL and the mistake of fact defence under international criminal law (ICL) to which the rule has given rise. This collection also identifies modern warfare’s characteristics—human judgment, de-empathetic battlespace, and institutional bias—that may make it problematic to deem some errors both honest and reasonable. The Rendulic Rule embodies an otherwise firmly established admonition against judging contentious battlefield decisions with hindsight. Nevertheless, it was born of a factually ill-suited case and continues to raise significant legal as well as ethical challenges today. The most comprehensive study of the Rendulic Rule ever to appear in English, this multi-disciplinary anthology will appeal to researchers and practitioners of IHL and ICL, as well as military historians and military ethicists and offers ground-breaking new research. Nobuo Hayashi is affiliated to the Centre for International and Operational Law at the Swedish Defence University in Stockholm, Sweden. Carola Lingaas is affiliated to the Faculty of Social Studies at VID Specialized University in Oslo, Norway.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1020 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Emerging Infectious Diseases written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : E. A. Rees
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1403932824
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Centre-Local Relations in the Stalinist State, 1928-1941 written by E. A. Rees and published by Springer. This book was released on 2002-10-22 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the development of the Stalinist state of the 1930s from the perspective of the changing nature of centre-local relations. It examines the trend toward greater central state control over the formation and implementation of economic policy and the shift towards increased state repression through a series of archive-based case studies of the centre's interactions with its republican and regional bodies. The book provides the basis for a new conceptualization of the Stalinist state.
Author : Rein Taagepera
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136678085
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)
Download or read book The Finno-Ugric Republics and the Russian State written by Rein Taagepera and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2000. This text provides a survey of the peoples who speak Finno-Ugric languages and have titular republics or autonomous regions within the post-Soviet Russian federation. Their languages have set them apart from their Turkic and Russian neighbours and helped to preserve their distinct identity, including their animist religious practices. Previous works on this subject were written before the demise of the USSR so that information on the subject was screened by Soviet censors. In particular, this book explores the principal threats now facing these peoples - as much environmental as political. Although communism has gone, the exploitation of natural resources threatens the region's ecology, while the new rulers in the Kremlin seem set to continue their predecessors' oppressive policies towards the Finno-Ugrians. The book is written with commitment to the threatened human and political rights of these endangered peoples.
Author : Алексей Калинин
Publisher : Litres
ISBN 13 : 504329910X
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (432 download)
Download or read book Karelia. Valaam. Kizhi. Ruskeala written by Алексей Калинин and published by Litres. This book was released on 2022-01-29 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking into account that in 2020 the Republic of Karelia marks its 100th anniversary, Ajax-PRESS publishing house presents the first guidebook for foreigners in English language in the series “ПОЛИГЛОТ” – about the most beautiful and interesting places of this multifaceted region.Year by year, the tourists flow to the Republic is growing, and now it has already reached 1.320.000 people per year. In the summer of 2019, travelers from 81 (!) countries visited the region. They are lovers of fishing and pilgrims to the Holy places, hunters to the pristine nature and tourists. Karelia offers holidays for every taste, even for the most demanding. Important to say, that the new unique mountain Park «Ruskeala» is noted as “an important place on the planet, necessary to visit” by British newspaper Daily Telegraph.Itineraries Around KareliaI Petrozavodsk is the City of Military Glory Itinerary 1. A Walking Tour of the City Itinerary 2. South of Petrozavodsk II Karelian Priladozhye (Lake Ladoga Coastal Area of Karelia) Itinerary 3. Sortavala District Itinerary 4. Lakhdenpokhya District Itinerary 5. Pitkyaranta District Itinerary 6. Olonets District III Northwest of Lake Onegо Itinerary 7. Kondopoga District Itinerary 8. Pryazha Interlakes Area Itinerary 9. Pryazha District IV Zaonezhye and the Eastern Shore of Obonezhye Itinerary 10. Medvezhyegorsk District Itinerary 11. Pudozh District V Northern Karelia Itinerary 12. White Sea Coastal Area of Karelia Itinerary 13. Karelian Pomorie (Coastal Area)
Author : Marjatta Palander
Publisher : Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura
ISBN 13 : 9518580030
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (185 download)
Download or read book On the Border of Language and Dialect written by Marjatta Palander and published by Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume considers the linguistic borders between languages and dialects, as well as the administrative, cultural and mental borders that reflect or affect linguistic ones; it comprises eight articles examining the mental borders between dialects, dialect continua and areas of mixed dialect, language ideologies, language mixing and contact-induced language change. The book opens with Dennis R. Preston’s review article on perceptual dialectology, showing how this field of study provides insights on laymen’s perceptions about dialect boundaries, and how such perceptions explain regional and social variation. Johanna Laakso problematizes the common notion of languages as having clear-cut boundaries and stresses the artificialness and conventionality of linguistic borders. Vesa Koivisto introduces the Border Karelian dialects as an example of language and dialect mixing. Marjatta Palander and Helka Riionheimo’s article examines the mental boundaries between Finnish and Karelian, demonstrated by the informants when recalling their fading memories of a lost mother tongue. Niina Kunnas focuses on how speakers of White Sea Karelian perceive the boundaries between their language and other varieties. Within the framework of language ideology, Tamás Péter Szabó highlights the ways in which linguistic borders are interactionally (co)constructed in the school environment in Hungary and Finland. Anna-Riitta Lindgren and Leena Niiranen present a contact-linguistic study investigating the vocabulary of Kven, a variety lying on the fuzzy boundary of a language and a dialect. Finally, Vesa Jarva and Jenni Mikkonen approach demographically manifested linguistic boundaries by examining the Old Helsinki slang, a mixture of lexical features derived from Finnish and Swedish. Together, the articles paint a picture of a multidimensional, multilingual, variable and ever-changing linguistic reality where diverse borders, boundaries and barriers meet, intertwine and cross each other. As a whole, the articles also seek to cross disciplinary and methodological boundaries and present new perspectives on earlier studies.
Author : Daniel Abondolo
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136135006
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (361 download)
Download or read book The Uralic Languages written by Daniel Abondolo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique, up-to-date survey of individual Uralic languages and sub-groupings from Finnish to Selkup. Spoken by more than 25 million native speakers, the Uralic languages have important cultural and social significance in Northern and Eastern Europe, as well as in immigrant communitites throughout Europe and North America. The introductory chapter gives an overview of the Uralic language family and is followed by 18 chapter-length descriptions of each language or sub-grouping, giving an analysis of their history and development as well as focusing on their linguistic structures. Written by internationally recognised experts and based on the most recent scholarship available, the volume covers major languages - including the official national languages of Estonia, Finland and Hungary - and rarely-covered languages such as Mordva, Nganasan and Khanty. The 18 language chapters are similarly-structured, designed for comparative study and cover phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicon. Those on individual languages also have sample text where available. Each chapter includes numerous tables to support and illustrate the text and bibliographies of the major references for each language to aid further study. The volume is comprehensively indexed. This book will be invaluable to language students, experts requiring concise but thorough information on related languages and anyone working in historical, typological and comparative linguistics.
Author : Roger Norum
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1848369697
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (483 download)
Download or read book The Rough Guide to Finland written by Roger Norum and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2010-06-01 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rough Guide to Finland is the essential companion to this fascinating Scandinavian country with clear maps and coverage of all the best attractions. Packed with stunning photography and illustrations, explore the must-see highlights from the best summer and winter activities - including skiing, snowmobiling and reindeer and husky driving - to the remote villages that come to life in the summertime, with beaches, lake cruises and island hopping. Find detailed accounts of all Finland's major tourist attractions, including the cultural capitals of Helsinki, Turku and Tampere and the laconic seaside towns along Finland's southern and western coast, as well as sections on Finnish design and The great outdoors. You'll find informed, practical advice on what to see and do whilst relying on countless recommendations for Finland's best restaurants, bars, cafés, shops and hotels for every budget and style. With authoritative background on Finland's intricate history and expert tips on how to get around the beautiful national parks, this is your must-have guide. Make the most of your holiday with The Rough Guide to Finland.
Author : Walter Leal Filho
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030788253
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Innovations and Traditions for Sustainable Development written by Walter Leal Filho and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-16 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the vital necessity for combining sustainable development processes from different areas, with applications in areas such as science, education and production sectors. These sectors have previously been separated by linguistic and technological barriers. Breaking down these barriers will allow an interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary flow of information, leading to greater efficiency, and towards a more real resilient and sustainable economy development. This book fills in the gap in respect of publications addressing aspects of innovation and sustainable development and focuses on a range of areas, such as I. Gradual transition to innovative development; II. Continuity of technology in education, science and industry; III. Convergency directions, interdisciplinary relations in scientific research; IV. Digital technologies for sustainable development; V. Global trends and regional aspects of innovation and traditions in environmental management; VI. International legal regulations and environmental and economic relations among business communities. The publication fosters the global efforts towards taking better advantage of the many opportunities which innovation in specific areas may offer.
Author : Kimmo Katajala
Publisher : LIT Verlag Münster
ISBN 13 : 3643902573
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (439 download)
Download or read book Imagined, Negotiated, Remembered written by Kimmo Katajala and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2012 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of writings explores European borders from the 15th century to the present. The territorial scope ranges from the Arctic Ocean and Scandinavia to Central Europe. In these papers, borders are understood not only as separating lines in the terrain, but also as socially constructed divisions in people's choices, speeches, actions, and memories. Borders are not only drawn: they are imagined, negotiated, and remembered. (Series: Studies on Middle and Eastern Europe / Mittel- und Ostmitteleuropastudien - Vol. 11)
Author : Steven Bottlik, Zsolt Berki, Marton Jobbitt
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3838213998
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (382 download)
Download or read book Power and Identity in the Post-Soviet Realm written by Steven Bottlik, Zsolt Berki, Marton Jobbitt and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-02-16 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the demise of the Cold War’s bipolar world order, Soviet successor states on the Russian periphery found themselves in a geopolitical vacuum, and gradually evolved into a specific buffer zone throughout the 1990s. The establishment of a new system of relations became evident in the wake of the Baltic States’ accession to the European Union in 2004, resulting in the fragmentation of this buffer zone. In addition to the nations that are more directly connected to Zwischeneuropa (i.e. ‘In-Between Europe’) historically and culturally (Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine), countries beyond the Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia), as well as the states of former Soviet Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan) have also become characterized by particular developmental pathways. Focusing on these areas of the post-Soviet realm, this collected volume examines how they have faced multidimensional challenges while pursuing both geopolitics and their place in the world economy. From a conceptual point of view, the chapters pay close attention not only to issues of ethnicity (which are literally intertwined with a number of social problems in these regions), but also to the various socio-spatial contexts of ethnic processes. Having emerged after the collapse of Soviet authority, the so-called ‘post-Soviet realm’ might serve as a crucial testing ground for such studies, as the specific social and regional patterns of ethnicity are widely recognized here. Accordingly, the phenomena covered in the volume are rather diverse. The first section reviews the fundamental elements of the formation of national identity in light of the geopolitical situation both past and present. This includes an examination of the relative strength and shifting dynamics of statehood, the impacts of imperial nationalism, and the changes in language use from the early-modern period onwards. The second section examines the (trans)formation of the identities of small nations living at the forefront of Tsarist Russian geopolitical expansion, in particular in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Southern Steppe. Finally, in the third section, the contributors discuss the fate of groups whose settlement space was divided by the external boundaries of the Soviet Union, a reality that resulted in the diverging developmental trajectories of the otherwise culturally similar communities on both sides of the border. In these imperial peripheries, Soviet authority gave rise to specifically Soviet national identities amongst groups such as the Azeris, Tajiks, Karelians, Moldavians, and others. The book also includes more than 30 primarily original maps, graphs, and tables and will be of great use not only for human geographers (particularly political and cultural geographers) and historians, but also for those interested in contemporary issues in social science.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 926452200X
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (645 download)
Download or read book Investing in Youth: Finland written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Investing in Youth builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. It covers both OECD countries and key emerging economies. The report on Finland presents new results from a comprehensive analysis of the situation of young people in Finland, exploiting various sources of survey-based and administrative data.
