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Working Group Report
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Book Synopsis Energy Balance and Obesity by : Isabelle Romieu
Download or read book Energy Balance and Obesity written by Isabelle Romieu and published by IARC Working Group Report. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the relationship between energy balance and obesity is essential to develop effective prevention programs and policies. The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a Working Group of world-leading experts in December 2015 to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries, and to consider the following scientific questions: (i) Are the drivers of the obesity epidemic related only to energy excess and/or do specific foods or nutrients play a major role in this epidemic? (ii) What are the factors that modulate these associations? (iii) Which types of data and/or studies will further improve our understanding? This book provides summaries of the evidence from the literature as well as the Working Group's conclusions and recommendations to tackle the global epidemic of obesity.
Author :IARC Working Group on Risk of Skin Cancer and Exposure to Artificial Ultraviolet Light Publisher :World Health Organization ISBN 13 : Total Pages :84 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Exposure to Artificial UV Radiation and Skin Cancer by : IARC Working Group on Risk of Skin Cancer and Exposure to Artificial Ultraviolet Light
Download or read book Exposure to Artificial UV Radiation and Skin Cancer written by IARC Working Group on Risk of Skin Cancer and Exposure to Artificial Ultraviolet Light and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group that met in Lyon, France, 27-29 June 2005
Book Synopsis Mycotoxin Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries by : Christopher P. Wild
Download or read book Mycotoxin Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries written by Christopher P. Wild and published by IARC Working Group Report. This book was released on 2016-02-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an evaluation of measures to reduce exposure to highly toxic and carcinogenic contaminants in staple diets in Africa as well as parts of Asia and Latin America. Many of the poorest people in these regions are exposed to the pervasive natural toxins, aflatoxins and fumonisins, on a daily basis by eating their staple diet of groundnuts, maize, and other cereals. Exposure to mycotoxins at these high levels substantially increases mortality and morbidity. Aflatoxins are a cause of human liver cancer, and fatalities from acute aflatoxin poisoning outbreaks occur in Africa and Asia. The International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a Working Group of world-leading experts to review the health effects of aflatoxins and fumonisins and to evaluate intervention measures. The panel concluded that these mycotoxins not only are a cause of acute poisoning and cancer but also are a likely contributor to the high levels of stunting in children in affected populations. The Working Group also identified effective measures to reduce exposure in developing countries. The panel evaluated 15 interventions, considering the strength of the evidence as well as its completeness and its transferability at an individual, community, or national level. Four of the interventions were judged to be ready for implementation: improvement of dietary diversity; crop sorting; post-harvest measures, including improved storage; and, in Latin America for maize, optimized nixtamalization. These recommendations would be relevant for investment of public, nongovernmental organization, and private funds at the scale of the subsistence farmer, the smallholder, and through to a more advanced value chain.
Book Synopsis Current Challenges in Pharmacovigilance by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Current Challenges in Pharmacovigilance written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of recent progress in the harmonization of terminology and processes affecting work on the clinical safety of medicines consensus is needed on standards for many difficult aspects of day-to-day pharmacovigilance that continue to pose problems for both the pharmaceutical industry and drug regulators. The CIOMS V Working Group has generated proposals for pragmatic approaches to dealing with such issues as: classification and handling of individual safety case reports from a variety of sources (spontaneous consumer reports solicited reports literature the Internet observational studies and secondary data bases disease and other registries regulatory ADR databases and licensor-licensee interactions); new approaches to case management and regulatory reporting practices (proper clinical evaluation of cases incidental vs other events patient and reporter identifiability seriousness criteria expectedness criteria case follow-up criteria and the role and structure of case narratives); improvements and efficiencies in the format content and reporting of periodic safety update reports (PSURs) (including results of an industry survey on PSUR workloads and practices; proposals for high case volume and long time-period reports simplification of certain PSURs summary bridging reports addendum reports license renewal reports for EU and Japan dealing with old products and other technical details); determination and use of population exposure (denominator) data (sources of data and a guide to analytical approaches for a variety of circumstances).The Group has also taken stock of the current state of expedited and periodic clinical safety reporting requirements around the world with summary data on regulations from more than 60 countries. Recommendations are made for enhancing the harmonization steps already taken as a result of previous CIOMS publications and the ICH process. In addition to dealing with unfinished and unresolved issues from previous CIOMS initiatives the report covers many emerging topics such as those involving new technologies. Its 20 Appendices provide a wealth of detailed explanations and reference information. It is the most comprehensive and recent treatment of difficult pharmacovigilance issues affecting the working practices and systems of drug safety and other pharmaceutical professionals.
Author :Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :1107025060 Total Pages :593 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (7 download)
Book Synopsis Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Download or read book Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme weather and climate events, interacting with exposed and vulnerable human and natural systems, can lead to disasters. This Special Report explores the social as well as physical dimensions of weather- and climate-related disasters, considering opportunities for managing risks at local to international scales. SREX was approved and accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on 18 November 2011 in Kampala, Uganda.
Book Synopsis The Work of the Future by : David H. Autor
Download or read book The Work of the Future written by David H. Autor and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the United States lags behind other industrialized countries in sharing the benefits of innovation with workers and how we can remedy the problem. The United States has too many low-quality, low-wage jobs. Every country has its share, but those in the United States are especially poorly paid and often without benefits. Meanwhile, overall productivity increases steadily and new technology has transformed large parts of the economy, enhancing the skills and paychecks of higher paid knowledge workers. What’s wrong with this picture? Why have so many workers benefited so little from decades of growth? The Work of the Future shows that technology is neither the problem nor the solution. We can build better jobs if we create institutions that leverage technological innovation and also support workers though long cycles of technological transformation. Building on findings from the multiyear MIT Task Force on the Work of the Future, the book argues that we must foster institutional innovations that complement technological change. Skills programs that emphasize work-based and hybrid learning (in person and online), for example, empower workers to become and remain productive in a continuously evolving workplace. Industries fueled by new technology that augments workers can supply good jobs, and federal investment in R&D can help make these industries worker-friendly. We must act to ensure that the labor market of the future offers benefits, opportunity, and a measure of economic security to all.
Author :Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) Publisher :World Health Organization ISBN 13 :9789290360858 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (68 download)
Book Synopsis Evidence Synthesis and Meta-analysis for Drug Safety by : Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS)
Download or read book Evidence Synthesis and Meta-analysis for Drug Safety written by Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At any point in the drug development process, systematic reviews and meta-analysis can provide important information to guide the future path of the development program and any actions that might be needed in the post-marketing setting. This report gives the rationale for why and when a meta-analysis should be considered, all in the context of regulatory decision-making, and the tasks, data collection, and analyses that need to be carried out to inform those decisions. There is increasing demand by decision-makers in health care, the bio-pharmaceutical industry, and society at large to have access to the best available evidence on benefits and risks of medicinal products. The best strategy will take an overview of all the evidence and where it is possible and sensible, combine the evidence and summarize the results. For efficacy, the outcomes generally use the same or very similar predefined events for each of the trials to be included. Most regulatory guidance and many Cochrane Collaboration reviews have usually given more attention to assessment of benefits, while issues around combining evidence on harms have not been as well-covered. However, the (inevitably) unplanned nature of the data on safety makes the process more difficult. Combining evidence on adverse events (AEs), where these were not the focus of the original studies, is more challenging than combining evidence on pre-specified benefits. This focus on AEs represents the main contribution of the current CIOMS X report. The goal of the CIOMS X report is to provide principles on appropriate application of meta-analysis in assessing safety of pharmaceutical products to inform regulatory decision-making. This report is about meta-analysis in this narrow area, but the present report should also provide conceptually helpful points to consider for a wider range of applications, such as vaccines, medical devices, veterinary medicines or even products that are combinations of medicinal products and medical devices. Although some of the content of this report describes highly technical statistical concepts and methods (in particular Chapter 4), the ambition of the working group has been to make it comprehensible to non-statisticians for its use in clinical epidemiology and regulatory science. To that end, Chapters 3 and 4, which contain the main technical statistical aspects of the appropriate design, analysis and reporting of a meta-analysis of safety data are followed by Chapter 5 with a thought process for evaluating the findings of a meta-analysis and how to communicate these.
Author :Intergouvernemental panel on climate change. Working group 1 Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :110705799X Total Pages :1553 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (7 download)
Book Synopsis Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis by : Intergouvernemental panel on climate change. Working group 1
Download or read book Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis written by Intergouvernemental panel on climate change. Working group 1 and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 1553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report also provides a comprehensive assessment of past and future sea level change in a dedicated chapter.
Author :IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Publisher :World Health Organization ISBN 13 :9789283201502 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (15 download)
Book Synopsis Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Download or read book Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of some organophosphate insecticides and herbicides, including diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos. Diazinon acts on a wide range of insects on crops, gardens, livestock, and pets, but most uses have been restricted in the USA, Canada, and the European Union since the 1980s. Glyphosate is the most heavily used agricultural and residential herbicide in the world, and has been detected in soil, air, surface water, and groundwater, as well as in food. Malathion is one of the oldest and most widely used organophosphate insecticides, and has a broad spectrum of applications in agriculture and public health, notably mosquito control. The insecticide parathion has been largely banned or restricted throughout the world due to toxicity to wildlife and humans. Tetrachlorvinphos is banned in the European Union, but continues to be used in the USA and elsewhere as an insecticide on animals, including in pet flea collars. The IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of these agents.
Download or read book Working Group Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reports of the Working Groups by : David Munro
Download or read book Reports of the Working Groups written by David Munro and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Global Findex Database 2017 by : Asli Demirguc-Kunt
Download or read book The Global Findex Database 2017 written by Asli Demirguc-Kunt and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2011 the World Bank—with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation—launched the Global Findex database, the world's most comprehensive data set on how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. Drawing on survey data collected in collaboration with Gallup, Inc., the Global Findex database covers more than 140 economies around the world. The initial survey round was followed by a second one in 2014 and by a third in 2017. Compiled using nationally representative surveys of more than 150,000 adults age 15 and above in over 140 economies, The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution includes updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services. It has additional data on the use of financial technology (or fintech), including the use of mobile phones and the Internet to conduct financial transactions. The data reveal opportunities to expand access to financial services among people who do not have an account—the unbanked—as well as to promote greater use of digital financial services among those who do have an account. The Global Findex database has become a mainstay of global efforts to promote financial inclusion. In addition to being widely cited by scholars and development practitioners, Global Findex data are used to track progress toward the World Bank goal of Universal Financial Access by 2020 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The database, the full text of the report, and the underlying country-level data for all figures—along with the questionnaire, the survey methodology, and other relevant materials—are available at www.worldbank.org/globalfindex.
Author :Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :9781009157971 Total Pages :755 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (579 download)
Book Synopsis The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Book Synopsis Climate Change 2007 by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group 2
Download or read book Climate Change 2007 written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group 2 and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :IARC Working Group on the Effectiveness of Tax and Price Policies for Tobacco Control Publisher :IARC Handbooks of Cancer Preve ISBN 13 : Total Pages :380 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Effectiveness of Tax and Price Policies for Tobacco Control by : IARC Working Group on the Effectiveness of Tax and Price Policies for Tobacco Control
Download or read book Effectiveness of Tax and Price Policies for Tobacco Control written by IARC Working Group on the Effectiveness of Tax and Price Policies for Tobacco Control and published by IARC Handbooks of Cancer Preve. This book was released on 2011 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume of the IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention in Tobacco Control presents a critical review and evaluation of the evidence by 25 international experts from twelve countries on the economics, epidemiology, public policy and tobacco control aspects of tax and price policies. The working group draws conclusions about the effectiveness of tax and price measures to control tobacco use in the population. The Handbook covers an overview of tobacco taxation; industry pricing strategies and other industry initiatives diluting the effects of taxes on consumption; tax, price and aggregated demand for tobacco, as well as demand at the individual level in adults, young people and the economically disadvantaged; tax avoidance and tax evasion and the economic and health impacts of tobacco taxation. This body of evidence and the consensus evaluation of 18 concluding statements on the impact of interventions to increase the price of tobacco products, can assist policy makers, government officials, evaluators and researchers working in tobacco control and disease prevention, to base their decisions on the latest scientific evidence.
Download or read book The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and published by World Business Pub.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Author :IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :332 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Download or read book Re-evaluation of Some Organic Chemicals, Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
