Womens Quotas Under Eu Equality Law

Download Womens Quotas Under Eu Equality Law full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Womens Quotas Under Eu Equality Law ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Women?s Quotas Under EU Equality Law

Author : Katharina Radloff
Publisher : Diplomica Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3842872739
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (428 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women?s Quotas Under EU Equality Law by : Katharina Radloff

Download or read book Women?s Quotas Under EU Equality Law written by Katharina Radloff and published by Diplomica Verlag. This book was released on 2012 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to investigate legislation and leading cases concerning positive discrimination in the European Union, with a particular focus on the recent debate about the most radical positive action measure: the implementation of women?s quotas by supranational legislation. This study seeks to answer the question if such a radical derogation from the equal treatment principle can be tolerated, keeping in mind the fundamental character of this principle in European law. The concept of substantive equality will be analysed and set against the ECJ case law under review. It will be criticised that the ECJ focused once more on a formalist approach and allows for positive action measures only to a very limited extent. If the European Union would impose women?s quotas for board members via supranational legislation, would this still be considered as a measure of positive discrimination or would it rather be a form of negative discrimination against men?

Women on Boards?

Author : Katharina Radloff
Publisher : diplom.de
ISBN 13 : 3842821328
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (428 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women on Boards? by : Katharina Radloff

Download or read book Women on Boards? written by Katharina Radloff and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: Even though European equality law has had a considerable impact on the law of the Member States concerning women s rights to employment, it is still often the case that women experience a glass ceiling , which hinders their access to leadership positions in private companies. As identified by the UN Report on Women, women are on most boards of large companies, but their number still remains considerably low when compared to men. Although the Report acknowledges that in general opportunities of women with regard to employment have increased, the representation of women in leading positions is still too low. This is especially notable in the largest corporations, which remain male- dominated. Of the 500 largest corporations in the world, only 13 have a female chief executive officer . In the European Union, women hold only 11 percent of top company positions and the average proportion of women serving as chairman of the board of top companies was only 3 per cent in 2009. Among the European Union Member States, the highest percentage of women in boards can be found in Norway, which as the first country in the world introduced a women s quota of 40 percent for board members in 2004 by law. When quotas were proposed in 2002, the proportion of women in boards was only 6.8 percent, whereas it is now 34 percent. The success of the Norwegian example led to a political debate about female representation in leading positions throughout the Union. In September 2010, the Spanish government introduced a gender quota of 40 per cent for both, men and women to be achieved by 2015. France introduced a women s quota for corporate boards in 2011 and other governments such as those of the Netherlands and Italy are positive about introducing similar quotas via legislation. The reasons for the glass ceiling women still experience are manifold and involve old stereotypes, which are deeply rooted in society. It is this invisible barrier that justifies positive action measures in the first place: to remove deeply rooted social practices that interfere with the process of substantial equality in society in order to create conditions that give individuals equal access to employment. However, it would be too simplistic to argue that in equality law it is all about treating people equally. Rather, it is best resumed in the Aristotelian maxim: equality is about treating equal cases equally and unequal cases unequally. In the case of gender [...]

Transforming Gender Citizenship

Author : Éléonore Lépinard
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110842922X
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Transforming Gender Citizenship by : Éléonore Lépinard

Download or read book Transforming Gender Citizenship written by Éléonore Lépinard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the adoption, diffusion of, and resistance to gender quotas in politics, corporate boards and public administration across Europe.

Gender Quotas in Politics

Author : Panos Kapotas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Gender Quotas in Politics by : Panos Kapotas

Download or read book Gender Quotas in Politics written by Panos Kapotas and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Positive action is currently gaining momentum in the European anti-discrimination discourse and policy-making as a necessary and effective tool to achieve the goal of full and effective equality in employment. Gender quotas in politics, however, are thought to remain outside the normative scope of Community law, the dominant view being that candidature for elected public office does not constitute employment in the sense of the relevant provisions. This article seeks to examine the Greek quota system for women in politics in its dialectical relationship to the general equality discourse and with reference to the current normative framework in Europe. The aims are threefold: to assess the legality of positive action in favour of women in politics from the point of view of EU law, to evaluate the effectiveness of the Greek system in achieving its gender equality goals, and to identify the problems that quotas in politics may pose with regard to the principle of democratic representation. It will, thus, be argued that positive measures in politics, though generally compatible with the fundamental principles of justice and representative democracy, may nevertheless be inadequate - at least in their current form - to provide effective solutions to the unequal distribution of social and political power.

Women, Quotas and Politics

Author : Drude Dahlerup
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134186525
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women, Quotas and Politics by : Drude Dahlerup

Download or read book Women, Quotas and Politics written by Drude Dahlerup and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first world-wide, comparative study of the controversial new trends of gender quotas now emerging in global politics, presenting a comprehensive overview of changes in women’s parliamentary representation across the world. This is important reading for all those working to increase women’s influence in politics, because it scrutinizes under what circumstances gender quotas do increase women’s representation – and why they sometimes fail. These distinguished international scholars also show how gender balance in politics has become important to a nation’s international image and why quotas are being introduced in many post-conflict countries. They present key case studies of Afghanistan, Iraq, Argentina, Sweden, South Africa, Belgium, covering almost all major regions of the world: Latin America, Africa, the Arab world, South Asia, the Balkans, The Nordic countries and Europe, New Zealand, Australia and the USA - and Rwanda, which in 2003 unexpectedly surpassed Sweden as the number one country in the world in terms of women’s parliamentary representation. Using a comparative perspective, this book contains analyses of the discursive controversies around quotas; it gives an overview over various types of quotas in use from candidate quotas to reserved seat systems, and it throws light over the troublesome implementation process. When do gender quotas lead to actual increase in the number of women parliament? When are quotas merely a symbolic gesture? What does it imply to be elected as a ‘quota woman’? Tackling these and many more key questions, this is a major new contribution to the field. Making an important contribution to our knowledge of gender politics worldwide, this book will be of interest to NGOs, students and scholars of democracy, policy-making, comparative politics and gender studies.

The Impact of Gender Quotas

Author : Susan Franceschet
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199830096
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Impact of Gender Quotas by : Susan Franceschet

Download or read book The Impact of Gender Quotas written by Susan Franceschet and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Impact of Gender Quotas is a theory-building and comparative exercise in elaborating concepts commonly used to analyze the broad impacts of gender quotas. Using a conceptual framework based upon descriptive, substantive and symbolic dimensions of representation, the book presents case studies from twelve countries in Western Europe, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia.

Quotas for Women on Corporate Boards: The Call for Change in Europe

Author : Irina Velkova
Publisher : Anchor Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 395489923X
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (548 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Quotas for Women on Corporate Boards: The Call for Change in Europe by : Irina Velkova

Download or read book Quotas for Women on Corporate Boards: The Call for Change in Europe written by Irina Velkova and published by Anchor Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate for higher female representation on corporate boards has become particularly intensive during the recent financial crisis. Scholars advocate that women are more risk-averse, more engaged with longer-term issues and tend to draw more attention to governance and ethics. Thus, it is suggested that due to the behavioural differences between men and women, more gender-balanced boards would have prevented a number of financial collapses. This assertion has triggered more detailed analyses of current statistics for women on boards in the European Union. A number of states have implemented various non-binding measures for improving female representation on boards. This brought them acclaim, yet no discernible results. Should we indeed insist to have gender-balanced boards, we need quotas. Evidence is of strong support.

Regional study on women’s political representation in the Eastern Partnership countries

Author : Council of Europe
Publisher : Council of Europe
ISBN 13 : 9287185387
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (871 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Regional study on women’s political representation in the Eastern Partnership countries by : Council of Europe

Download or read book Regional study on women’s political representation in the Eastern Partnership countries written by Council of Europe and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender equality is central to the protection of human rights and the functioning of democracy. It cannot be right that the experiences, skills and concerns of women are not fully represented or reflected in decision making about the laws and functioning of the societies in which they live. The regional study on women’s political representation in the Eastern Partnership countries was commissioned in response to the key objectives of the Council of Europe and the European Commission to address the lack of women’s political representation at national and local level in these countries. Researchers based in each of the countries have contributed qualitative information on both the situation of women and on the experiences of women who have stood for elected office. While the legal basis for equality of women and men exists in all the countries in question, the reality is quite different. Stereotypical views and assumptions about the roles of women in society affect how women step forward as candidates, and whether they are selected and elected. The Council of Europe is convinced that this study, by providing examples of good practice and evidence-based, practical recommendations, will help to address the current imbalance of women holding elected office and, by doing so, will enhance democracy and human rights in the countries of the Eastern Partnership.

Diversity Quotas, Diverse Perspectives

Author : Stefan Gröschl
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317149149
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Diversity Quotas, Diverse Perspectives by : Stefan Gröschl

Download or read book Diversity Quotas, Diverse Perspectives written by Stefan Gröschl and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legislative and institutional affirmative and positive action policies, intended to increase accessibility and the participation of historically disadvantaged groups in employment and education, have been with us for some time, particularly in Anglo Saxon countries. One of the major issues they are intended to address is gender inequality. Proponents of these policies have hailed quota initiatives as a key to promoting equal opportunities and reducing discrimination. At the same time, affirmative action policies and processes have been challenged in courts and have caused controversy in educational establishments, highlighting the fact that these practices can have negative consequences. Exploring the application of quotas and affirmative action at an institutional or organizational level from a variety of different perspectives, the contributions in Diversity Quotas, Diverse Perspectives provide an understanding of the complexity and controversial nature of policies and actions in different countries. Even within Europe, implementation has varied widely from country to country. For example, while most European countries have employment quotas for people with disabilities, there is little consistency among the European Union's member states when it comes to quotas and other policies relating to ethnic minorities in employment and educational settings. Focussing here particularly on gender-related initiatives, but raising questions pertinent to other aspects of diversity, the contributions from international researchers investigate variances between and differing justifications for policies. The book offers a global perspective on the subject and expands the discussion of it beyond Anglo-Saxon contexts.

Firms, Boards and Gender Quotas

Author : Mari Teigen
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780526725
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Firms, Boards and Gender Quotas by : Mari Teigen

Download or read book Firms, Boards and Gender Quotas written by Mari Teigen and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses gender quota reform from an economic, political and philosophical point of view. This title looks at whether the economic performance of companies is influenced, positively or negatively. It provides a comparative study of the access of women to top positions in business in Europe.

Gender and Family in European Economic Policy

Author : Diana Auth
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319415131
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Gender and Family in European Economic Policy by : Diana Auth

Download or read book Gender and Family in European Economic Policy written by Diana Auth and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection explores how pioneering gender equality policies have shaped women's economic presence in Europe since 2000. Equal pay policies, parental leave reforms, corporate quotas and electoral quotas have raised pressing questions about the effectiveness in promoting equal participation, as researchers quote both quantitative improvement in gender diversity and qualitative lag in cultural change. The chapters in this book present interlocking cross-national and cross-policy comparisons of the three most controversial reforms: equal pay, parental leave, and quotas for political representatives. The contributors address the cultural context in which reforms arose, internally contradictory policies, and the relative effectiveness of fast-track quotas and incentives compared to long-term efforts to change the overall culture of gender. This critical examination of the new millennium's groundbreaking gender policies will appeal to academics and practitioners interested in the progress of gender equality in the economic, political, and social welfare fields.

Gender Diversity in the Boardroom

Author : Cathrine Seierstad
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319561421
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Gender Diversity in the Boardroom by : Cathrine Seierstad

Download or read book Gender Diversity in the Boardroom written by Cathrine Seierstad and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection provides a structured and in-depth analysis of the current use of quota strategies for resolving the pressing issue of gender inequality, and the lack of female representation on corporate boards. Filling the gap in existing literature on this topic, the two volumes of Gender Diversity in the Boardroom offers systematic overviews of current debates surrounding the optimisation of gender diversity, and the suggested pathways for progress. Focusing on sixteen European countries, the skilled contributors explore the current situation in relation to women on boards debates and approaches taken. They include detailed reflections from critical stakeholders, such as politicians, practitioners and policy-makers. Volume 1 focuses on eight European countries having adopted quotas and is a promising and highly valuable resource for academics, practitioners, policy makers and anyone interested in gender diversity because it examines and critiques the current corporate governance system and national strategies for increasing the share of women not only on boards, but within companies beyond the boardroom.

Women's Movements Facing the Reconfigured State

Author : Lee Ann Banaszak
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521012195
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (121 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women's Movements Facing the Reconfigured State by : Lee Ann Banaszak

Download or read book Women's Movements Facing the Reconfigured State written by Lee Ann Banaszak and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-03-03 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the changing relationship between women's movements and states in Western Europe and North America.

Women Directors

Author : P. Profeta
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137427485
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women Directors by : P. Profeta

Download or read book Women Directors written by P. Profeta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-29 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women Directors analyzes the Italian law on gender quotas in boards as a vital opportunity for the country and a key international case. It provides a broad perspective of the new Italian experience, which has the potential of influencing the way of addressing gender issues worldwide.

Making Gender Salient

Author : Ana Catalano Weeks
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009178040
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Making Gender Salient by : Ana Catalano Weeks

Download or read book Making Gender Salient written by Ana Catalano Weeks and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do gender quota laws – policies that mandate women's inclusion on parties' candidate slates – affect policy outcomes? Making Gender Salient tackles this crucial question by offering a new theory to understand when and how gender quota laws impact policy. Drawing on cross-national data from high-income democracies and a mixed-methods research design, the book argues that quotas lead to policy change for issues characterized by a gender gap in preferences, especially if these issues deviate from the usual left/right party policy divide. The book focuses on one such issue, work-family policies, and finds that quotas shift work-family policies in the direction of gender equality. Substantive chapters show that quotas make gender more salient by giving women louder voices within parties, providing access to powerful ministerial roles, and encouraging male party leaders to compete on previously marginalized issues. The book concludes that quotas are one important way of facilitating congruence between women's policy preferences and actual policy outcomes.

Gender Quotas in the Post-Communist World

Author : Joshua K. Dubrow
Publisher : IFiS PAN Publishers
ISBN 13 : 8376831844
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (768 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Gender Quotas in the Post-Communist World by : Joshua K. Dubrow

Download or read book Gender Quotas in the Post-Communist World written by Joshua K. Dubrow and published by IFiS PAN Publishers. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a sourcebook on gender quotas in nations that experienced multiple generations of Communist Party rule. We built the book from a variety of sources and disciplines for use in research, teaching, and activism. We intend for the book to provide an introduction to gender quota policy and, thus, to the cross-national problem of women’s political inequality of voice. This book features the voice of the parliamentarians whose job it is to write, promote, and enforce the policies that help move society from gender inequality to gender equality. Nations with a Communist past have been underrepresented in the English-language scholarship on political representation and gender inequality. This sourcebook presents new and updated information about countries of the world whose women endure political inequality in everyday life yet whose specific plight over the last two decades has been little examined by Western scholars. Among other sources, this book includes, for the first time, an English language translation of the entire parliamentarian debate in Poland’s Sejm on the proposed gender quota law in 2010. This book was funded by the National Science Center, Poland (project number 2016/23 / B / HS6 / 03916).

The Implementation of Quotas

Author : Julie Ballington
Publisher : International IDEA
ISBN 13 : 9789185391639
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (916 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Implementation of Quotas by : Julie Ballington

Download or read book The Implementation of Quotas written by Julie Ballington and published by International IDEA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines women's political representation in Europe and announces a surprising problem with gender quotas, which elsewhere in the world have been an important measure for boosting the number of women in legislative bodies. In the newly democratic countries of eastern Europe, however, quotas often are rejected as negative reminders of the hollow declarations of state-sponsored socialism. Eastern and western European countries are compared by detailing quotas studied and implemented in Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Serbia and Montenegro, and Slovenia.