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The Implementation Of Quotas
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Book Synopsis The Implementation of Quotas by : Julie Ballington
Download or read book The Implementation of Quotas written by Julie Ballington and published by International IDEA. This book was released on 2004 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines women's political representation on the African continent, and shows how quotas have contributed to increasing their access to political power. The documented evidence from Africa is very encouraging: more than 20 countries on the continent either have legislated quotas or have political parties that have adopted them voluntarily. This report details the different quota types that are being implemented in different political contexts in 17 countries, including the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Book Synopsis Quotas for Women in Politics by : Mona Lena Krook
Download or read book Quotas for Women in Politics written by Mona Lena Krook and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-04 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, political parties and national legislatures in more than one hundred countries have adopted quotas for the selection of female candidates to political office. Despite the rapid international diffusion of these measures, most research has focused on single countries - or, at most, the presence of quotas within one world region. Consequently, explanations for the adoption and impact of gender quotas derived from one study often contradict with findings from other cases. Quotas for Women in Politics is the first book to address quotas as a global phenomenon to explain their spread and impact in diverse contexts around the world. It is organized around two sets of questions. First, why are quotas adopted? Which actors are involved in quota campaigns, and why do they support or oppose quota measures? Second, what effects do quotas have on existing patterns of political representation? Are these provisions sufficient for bringing more women into politics? Or, does their impact depend on other features of the broader political context? Synthesizing literature on quota policies, this book develops a framework for analyzing the spread of quota provisions and the reasons for variations in their effects. It then applies this framework to examine and compare campaigns for reserved seats in Pakistan and India, party quotas in Sweden and the United Kingdom, and legislative quotas in Argentina and France.
Download or read book The Implementation of Quotas written by and published by International IDEA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Findings from the 2002 workshop held by International IDEA in Jakarta, Indonesia, to discuss the implementation of quotas in Asia are examined in this report. Aiming to increase awareness of women's political representation as well as their involvement in decision-making bodies, these findings explore the use of gender quotas in Bangladesh, East Timor, India, Indonesia, and Pakistan. When, where, and how gender quotas have been successfully implemented is examined, as well as the challenges, controversies, and consequences of enforcement. Strategies employed for gender equality in government in other non-Asian countries with different political systems are also discussed.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Gender Quotas by : Susan Franceschet
Download or read book The Impact of Gender Quotas written by Susan Franceschet and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-02 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of electoral gender quotas in diverse contexts around the globe has attracted a great deal of scholarly and political interest. To date, research on these measures has focused primarily on quota design, adoption, and effects on the numbers of women elected. While this remains a crucial focus, quotas are not simply about changing the proportion of women in political office. Both supporters and opponents of quotas suggest, albeit from different perspectives, that positive action for women as candidates will influence the kinds of women elected, the policy-making process as it concerns women's issues, the way citizens view women in public life, and the relationship between female voters and the political process. Seeking to initiate a "second generation" of research on quotas, this volume is an effort to inspire a new literature focused on theorizing and studying the broader impact of quotas on politics and society. The book is structured in relation to three facets of political representation: the attributes of officeholders (descriptive representation); the promotion of group interests during the legislative process (substantive representation); and the broader cultural meanings and social consequences of political incorporation (symbolic representation). Within each section, the chapters include case studies from four regions of the world: Western Europe, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia and the Middle East. This approach recognizes that quotas are a global phenomenon and that research on quotas and representation benefits from a comparative, cross-national approach. The Impact of Gender Quotas is a theory-building and comparative exercise in elaborating concepts commonly used to analyze the broad impacts of gender quotas. The book begins with the argument that the means by which women enter politics may influence how, why and to what extent their presence affects political representation. Following a preface by Drude Dahlerup, one of the pioneers of gender quota research, the editors introduce the book with a conceptual framework for analyzing the impact of quotas, based upon descriptive, substantive and symbolic dimensions of representation. The book is subsequently organized into three sections, each devoted to analyzing one of the dimensions of representation, and each of these sections contains a chapter case study from one of four regions of the world (Western Europe, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia). Each of the chapters follows a basic format instituted by the editors, with the goal of facilitating cross-case comparisons and broad theory-building. The editors conclude the book by summarizing the main themes and implications for future research on gender quotas.
Book Synopsis Atlas of Electoral Gender Quotas by :
Download or read book Atlas of Electoral Gender Quotas written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Implementation of Quotas by : Julie Ballington
Download or read book The Implementation of Quotas written by Julie Ballington and published by International IDEA. This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines women's political representation in Europe and announces a surprising problem with gender quotas, which elsewhere in the world have been an important measure for boosting the number of women in legislative bodies. In the newly democratic countries of eastern Europe, however, quotas often are rejected as negative reminders of the hollow declarations of state-sponsored socialism. Eastern and western European countries are compared by detailing quotas studied and implemented in Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Serbia and Montenegro, and Slovenia.
Book Synopsis Women, Quotas and Politics by : Drude Dahlerup
Download or read book Women, Quotas and Politics written by Drude Dahlerup and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first world-wide, comparative study of the controversial new trends of gender quotas now emerging in global politics, presenting a comprehensive overview of changes in women’s parliamentary representation across the world. This is important reading for all those working to increase women’s influence in politics, because it scrutinizes under what circumstances gender quotas do increase women’s representation – and why they sometimes fail. These distinguished international scholars also show how gender balance in politics has become important to a nation’s international image and why quotas are being introduced in many post-conflict countries. They present key case studies of Afghanistan, Iraq, Argentina, Sweden, South Africa, Belgium, covering almost all major regions of the world: Latin America, Africa, the Arab world, South Asia, the Balkans, The Nordic countries and Europe, New Zealand, Australia and the USA - and Rwanda, which in 2003 unexpectedly surpassed Sweden as the number one country in the world in terms of women’s parliamentary representation. Using a comparative perspective, this book contains analyses of the discursive controversies around quotas; it gives an overview over various types of quotas in use from candidate quotas to reserved seat systems, and it throws light over the troublesome implementation process. When do gender quotas lead to actual increase in the number of women parliament? When are quotas merely a symbolic gesture? What does it imply to be elected as a ‘quota woman’? Tackling these and many more key questions, this is a major new contribution to the field. Making an important contribution to our knowledge of gender politics worldwide, this book will be of interest to NGOs, students and scholars of democracy, policy-making, comparative politics and gender studies.
Book Synopsis Women, Quotas and Politics by : Drude Dahlerup
Download or read book Women, Quotas and Politics written by Drude Dahlerup and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first world-wide, comparative study of the controversial new trends of gender quotas now emerging in global politics, presenting a comprehensive overview of changes in women’s parliamentary representation across the world. This is important reading for all those working to increase women’s influence in politics, because it scrutinizes under what circumstances gender quotas do increase women’s representation – and why they sometimes fail. These distinguished international scholars also show how gender balance in politics has become important to a nation’s international image and why quotas are being introduced in many post-conflict countries. They present key case studies of Afghanistan, Iraq, Argentina, Sweden, South Africa, Belgium, covering almost all major regions of the world: Latin America, Africa, the Arab world, South Asia, the Balkans, The Nordic countries and Europe, New Zealand, Australia and the USA - and Rwanda, which in 2003 unexpectedly surpassed Sweden as the number one country in the world in terms of women’s parliamentary representation. Using a comparative perspective, this book contains analyses of the discursive controversies around quotas; it gives an overview over various types of quotas in use from candidate quotas to reserved seat systems, and it throws light over the troublesome implementation process. When do gender quotas lead to actual increase in the number of women parliament? When are quotas merely a symbolic gesture? What does it imply to be elected as a ‘quota woman’? Tackling these and many more key questions, this is a major new contribution to the field. Making an important contribution to our knowledge of gender politics worldwide, this book will be of interest to NGOs, students and scholars of democracy, policy-making, comparative politics and gender studies.
Download or read book The Implementation of Quotas written by and published by International IDEA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Findings from the 2003 workshop held by International IDEA in Lima, Peru, to discuss the implementation of quotas in Latin America are examined in this report. Aiming to increase awareness of women's political representation as well as their involvement in decision-making bodies, these findings explore the use of gender quotas in Bolivia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Peru. When, where, and how gender quotas have been successfully implemented is examined, as well as the challenges, controversies, and consequences of enforcement. Strategies employed for gender equality in government in other non-Latin American countries with different political systems are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Transforming Gender Citizenship by : Éléonore Lépinard
Download or read book Transforming Gender Citizenship written by Éléonore Lépinard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the adoption, diffusion of, and resistance to gender quotas in politics, corporate boards and public administration across Europe.
Download or read book Causes of War written by Jack S. Levy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading scholars in the field, Causes of War provides the first comprehensive analysis of the leading theories relating to the origins of both interstate and civil wars. Utilizes historical examples to illustrate individual theories throughout Includes an analysis of theories of civil wars as well as interstate wars -- one of the only texts to do both Written by two former International Studies Association Presidents
Book Synopsis Party Politics and the Implementation of Gender Quotas by : Sabine Lang
Download or read book Party Politics and the Implementation of Gender Quotas written by Sabine Lang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection explores how party politics impacts the implementation of gender quotas in political representation across Europe. Contributors identify actors, institutions, and cultural legacies shape how quotas are put into practice. The volume’s subtitle, Resisting Institutions, points to the myriad ways in which parties and other institutions in Europe over time have resisted the inclusion of women into politics. As voluntary party quotas and legislative quotas gained prominence, so did strategies to undermine them. At the same time, Resisting Institutions also indicates that gender equality actors have developed ways to counter such blockages and advance the cause of parity in their legislatures. 17 country cases explore the current state of quota implementation and the effects of confronting androcentric institutions.
Book Synopsis Pacific Women in Politics by : Kerryn Baker
Download or read book Pacific Women in Politics written by Kerryn Baker and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women are significantly underrepresented in politics in the Pacific Islands, given that only one in twenty Pacific parliamentarians are female, compared to one in five globally. A common, but controversial, method of increasing the number of women in politics is the use of gender quotas, or measures designed to ensure a minimum level of women’s representation. In those cases where quotas have been effective, they have managed to change the face of power in previously male-dominated political spheres. How do political actors in the Pacific islands region make sense of the success (or failure) of parliamentary gender quota campaigns? To answer the question, Kerryn Baker explores the workings of four campaigns in the region. In Samoa, the campaign culminated in a “safety net” quota to guarantee a minimum level of representation, set at five female members of Parliament. In Papua New Guinea, between 2007 and 2012 there were successive campaigns for nominated and reserved seats in parliament, without success, although the constitution was amended in 2011 to allow for the possibility of reserved seats for women. In post-conflict Bougainville, women campaigned for reserved seats during the constitution-making process and eventually won three reserved seats in the House of Representatives, as well as one reserved ministerial position. Finally, in the French Pacific territories of New Caledonia, French Polynesia, and Wallis and Futuna, Baker finds that there were campaigns both for and against the implementation of the so-called “parity laws.” Baker argues that the meanings of success in quota campaigns, and related notions of gender and representation, are interpreted by actors through drawing on different traditions, and renegotiating and redefining them according to their goals, pressures, and dilemmas. Broadening the definition of success thus is a key to an understanding of realities of quota campaigns. Pacific Women in Politics is a pathbreaking work that offers an original contribution to gender relations within the Pacific and to contemporary Pacific politics.
Book Synopsis Quotas for Women in Politics by : Mona Lena Krook
Download or read book Quotas for Women in Politics written by Mona Lena Krook and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-04 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, political parties and national legislatures in more than one hundred countries have adopted quotas for the selection of female candidates to political office. Despite the rapid international diffusion of these measures, most research has focused on single countries - or, at most, the presence of quotas within one world region. Consequently, explanations for the adoption and impact of gender quotas derived from one study often contradict with findings from other cases. Quotas for Women in Politics is the first book to address quotas as a global phenomenon to explain their spread and impact in diverse contexts around the world. It is organized around two sets of questions. First, why are quotas adopted? Which actors are involved in quota campaigns, and why do they support or oppose quota measures? Second, what effects do quotas have on existing patterns of political representation? Are these provisions sufficient for bringing more women into politics? Or, does their impact depend on other features of the broader political context? Synthesizing literature on quota policies, this book develops a framework for analyzing the spread of quota provisions and the reasons for variations in their effects. It then applies this framework to examine and compare campaigns for reserved seats in Pakistan and India, party quotas in Sweden and the United Kingdom, and legislative quotas in Argentina and France.
Book Synopsis Gender Equality in Politics by : Petra Ahrens
Download or read book Gender Equality in Politics written by Petra Ahrens and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-16 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a timely and unique contribution to current debates on how effectively voluntary party quotas address the persistent underrepresentation of women in legislatures. Using a most similar case design and a mixed-methods approach, the authors draw attention to the ways in which electoral systems and party regulations interface with voluntary party quotas in Germany and Austria. All quota parties in these countries support the goal of equal participation of women and men in elected office, and quotas are presented as a means to precisely that end. In order to assess parties’ commitment to their declared goals, and the effectiveness of quotas, the book introduces the concept of the post-quota gender gap and defines it as the difference between a party’s adopted quota and the actual share of women in legislative bodies at the national and regional level. Complementing the existing literature on recruitment and socio-cultural legacies, the authors argue that the problem of voluntary party quotas lies at the intersection of party quota design and electoral law. Either parties need to design quotas that actually work within a given electoral system, or we need legislative action geared toward advancing parity not just in candidate selection, but in the composition of legislatures. The book draws on gendered candidate and election data, on the party statutes of federal and state-level party organizations, and on interviews with party officials and party women’s organizations.
Book Synopsis Parties, Gender Quotas and Candidate Selection in France by : R. Murray
Download or read book Parties, Gender Quotas and Candidate Selection in France written by R. Murray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-04-09 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender quotas are a growing worldwide phenomenon, yet their variable implementation remains under-researched. Using the prominent case study of France this book approaches quotas from the perspective of the key actors responsible for them – political parties.
Book Synopsis Gender Quotas and Women's Representation by : Mona Lena Krook
Download or read book Gender Quotas and Women's Representation written by Mona Lena Krook and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electoral gender quotas have emerged as one of the most critical political reforms of the last two decades, having now been introduced in more than 130 countries worldwide. The recent and global nature of these developments has sparked both scholarly and popular interest in the in which these quotas are designed, as well as their origins and effects. This volume seeks to expand these existing agendas to forge new directions in research on gender quotas and political representation. The topics considered include new paths to adoption, as well as – in the wake of quota introduction – changes in the dynamics of candidate selection, the status and role of women in legislative institutions, and the impact that women have on policy-making. Expanding the scope of quota studies, the contributions also address trends in different political parties and different levels of government, the effectiveness of quotas in democratic and non-democratic settings, and whether there might be non-quota mechanisms that could be pursued together with, or in lieu of, gender quotas in order to increase women’s political representation. This book was originally published as a special issue of Representation.
