Women Empowerment And Socio Economic Development

Download Women Empowerment And Socio Economic Development full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Women Empowerment And Socio Economic Development ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Women Empowerment and Socio-economic Development

Author : Kartick Das
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788177084238
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (842 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women Empowerment and Socio-economic Development by : Kartick Das

Download or read book Women Empowerment and Socio-economic Development written by Kartick Das and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empowerment of women through gainful employment is a constituent - as well as instrument - of development in any country. No country can be deemed developed if half of its population is severely disadvantaged in terms of basic needs, livelihood options, access to knowledge and political voice. A natural corollary of ensuring gender equality is the elimination of gender discrimination. Women's lack of economic empowerment not only impedes growth and poverty reduction, but also has a host of other negative impacts including less favourable education and health outcomes for children. Thus, it is extremely important to ensure that women are economically, socially and politically empowered. Effective and coordinated plans and programmes for the full implementation of women-oriented policies require a clear research-based knowledge of ground realities of the socio-economic status of women, particularly rural women. This volume is the outcome of the findings of academicians and researchers from different disciplines. The 11 papers included in this work throw light on various dimensions of women empowerment in India. [Subject: Women's Studies, Asian Studies, Gender Studies, Ã?Â?Ã?Â?Economic Development, Poverty Studies, Economics]

Pursuing Women's Economic Empowerment

Author : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498308929
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Pursuing Women's Economic Empowerment by : International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department

Download or read book Pursuing Women's Economic Empowerment written by International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The economic and social imperative for women’s economic empowerment is clear. Greater gender equality boosts economic growth and leads to better development outcomes. It contributes to reducing income inequality and boosting economic diversification and, in turn, supports economic resilience. Gender equality is one of the 17 global UN Sustainable Development Goals, which provide a roadmap for ending poverty, protecting the planet, and ensuring that all people enjoy peace and prosperity. The G7 has emphasized the need for closing the gender gap. The Taormina Leaders’ Summit in 2017 renewed the emphasis on promoting women’s empowerment, which the leaders see as a crucial contribution to promoting sustainable development. In this regard, leaders committed to mainstreaming gender equality into all their policies. This is carried forward by Canada’s G7 Presidency. With growing recognition that gender equality promotes economic stability and growth, the IMF has scaled up its work in this area and is committed to continue these efforts. Work by the IMF will focus on (i) deepening its understanding of the economic benefits of women’s empowerment, both in the labor market and through more equal opportunities for boys and girls, also against the background of persistent megatrends, including in an environment of rapid technological change; (ii) integrating the analysis into Fund policy dialogue with member countries; (iii) providing customized assistance, workshops, and peer-learning courses in areas such as gender budgeting; and (iv) expanding collaboration with other international institutions on the subject to benefit from complementary areas of expertise."

Women's Economic Empowerment

Author : Kate Grantham
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000340341
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women's Economic Empowerment by : Kate Grantham

Download or read book Women's Economic Empowerment written by Kate Grantham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the barriers to women’s economic empowerment in the Global South. Drawing on evidence from a wide range of countries, the book outlines important lessons and practical solutions for promoting gender equality. Despite global progress in closing gender gaps in education and health, women’s economic empowerment has lagged behind, with little evidence that economic growth promotes gender equality. International Development Research Centre’s (IDRC) Growth and Economic Opportunities for Women (GrOW) programme was set up to provide policy lessons, insights, and concrete solutions that could lead to advances in gender equality, particularly on the role of institutions and macroeconomic growth, barriers to labour market access for women, and the impact of women’s care responsibilities. This book showcases rigorous and multi-disciplinary research emerging from this ground-breaking programme, covering topics such as the school-to-work transition, child marriage, unpaid domestic work and childcare, labour market segregation, and the power of social and cultural norms that prevent women from fully participating in better paid sectors of the economy. With a range of rich case studies from Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Kenya, Nepal, Rwanda, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and Uganda, this book is perfect for students, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working on women’s economic empowerment and gender equality in the Global South.

Information and Communication Technologies for Women's Socioeconomic Empowerment

Author : Samia Melhem
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821381342
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (813 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Information and Communication Technologies for Women's Socioeconomic Empowerment by : Samia Melhem

Download or read book Information and Communication Technologies for Women's Socioeconomic Empowerment written by Samia Melhem and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-10-02 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews how women in the developing world access and use information and communication technology (ICT). It examines the discourse and controversies surrounding the digital gender divide, including links to poverty and illiteracy. Major themes concerning women and ICTs are explored, such as women in the ICT workforce, how girls and women relate differently to ICT, and opportunities and barriers for women in science and technology in general. Current research relating to gender and ICT is often country-specific and is more prevalent in developed countries than in developing countries. This paper suggests where additional research is needed on barriers to women s entry and access to ICT. The overall objective of this paper is to influence policy dialogue around women and ICT for development by raising awareness of the digital gender divide. Economic opportunity for women in ICT will not be realized until policies address gender considerations and ensure that ICT investment contributes to more sustainable and equitable development.

Women Empowerment and Well-Being for Inclusive Economic Growth

Author : Dixit, Shailja
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799837394
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women Empowerment and Well-Being for Inclusive Economic Growth by : Dixit, Shailja

Download or read book Women Empowerment and Well-Being for Inclusive Economic Growth written by Dixit, Shailja and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-11-06 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As women become more outspoken regarding their right to equal pay, it has been noted that gender equality, with women earning as much as men, would enrich the global economy. These studies have shown that equal pay, equal hours, and equal participation for women in the workforce could lead to a global wealth jump and potentially create knock-on benefits such as lower malnutrition and child mortality rates. Women Empowerment and Well-Being for Inclusive Economic Growth is a collection of innovative research that makes the case for understanding development in economic terms as well as in terms of well-being, empowerment, and participation and uncovers the role of empowering women and achieving gender equality in sustainable development. Research work and cases related to participation of a women's labor force in the economic development of the country, the place of women in society, their contribution to the social development of their country, and the problems faced by them are key features in the book. While highlighting topics including gender inequality, self-worth, and industrial policy, this book is ideally designed for economic analysts, managers, policymakers, business professionals, government officials, entrepreneurs, and business students.

Technology and Women's Empowerment

Author : Ewa Lechman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000438082
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Technology and Women's Empowerment by : Ewa Lechman

Download or read book Technology and Women's Empowerment written by Ewa Lechman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The near-ubiquitous spread of ICT offers unprecedented opportunities for social and economic agents, reshapes social and economic structures and drives the emergence of socioeconomic networks. This book contributes to the growing body of literature and present state of knowledge, offering the reader broad evidence on how new information and communication technologies impact women’s economic and social empowerment and hence have an impact on overall welfare creation. More specifically, it concentrates on demonstrating how ICT may become "empowering technologies" through their implementation. The book is designed to provide deep insight into the theoretical and empirical evidence on ICT as a significant driver of women`s social and economic development. Special focus is given to examining the following broad topics: channels of ICT impact on women's development; the role of ICT in enhancing women's active participation in formal labor markets; examples of how ICT encourages education, skills development, institutions development et alia, and thus contributes to women’s social and economic empowerment, as well as case-based evidence on ICT's role in fostering women’s equality. The primary audience for the book will be scholars and academic professionals from a wide variety of disciplines but mainly those who are concerned with addressing the issues of economic development and growth, social development, the role of technology progress in the context of broadly defined socioeconomic progress. Chapters 1 and 3 of this book are freely available as downloadable Open Access PDFs at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Work, Female Empowerment and Economic Development

Author : Sara Horrell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113407347X
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Work, Female Empowerment and Economic Development by : Sara Horrell

Download or read book Work, Female Empowerment and Economic Development written by Sara Horrell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-02-14 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accumulation of assets to enable the diversification of activities has been established as crucial in helping the rural poor escape poverty. The empowerment of women has been identified as a way to overcome inefficiencies in the allocation of resources within the family and so improve agrarian households’ productivity. However, achieving diversification is not necessarily empowering for women and some initiatives may worsen their position. This book uses the information collected in original household surveys conducted in rural areas in four countries to investigate the links between women’s position in the household, diversification strategies, labour market participation and poverty reduction. The book centres on country-specific chapters that provide an in-depth focus on an issue of relevance to the location and that tease out the interplay between female empowerment and development in that context. In particular, the chapters examine: Landlessness in Ethiopia Feminization of the agricultural labour market in Andhra Pradesh, India Female labour supply and women’s power within the household in Uganda Disadvantages faced by female-headed households in Zimbabwe The analysis calls for caution in assuming that labour market expansion necessarily acts to empower women and emphasizes the role female access to assets can have in facilitating diversification and escaping poverty. It will appeal to all those studying development economics, with particular interest in areas such as diversification, poverty and female empowerment.

Education and Socio-economic Perspectives of Women Development and Empowerment

Author : Aruna Goel
Publisher : Deep and Deep Publications
ISBN 13 : 9788176294966
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (949 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Education and Socio-economic Perspectives of Women Development and Empowerment by : Aruna Goel

Download or read book Education and Socio-economic Perspectives of Women Development and Empowerment written by Aruna Goel and published by Deep and Deep Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Study In 11 Chapters Pleads For Programmes And Methods Like Health, Education, Share In Economy And Participation In Governance To Enable Women To Develop Themselves. Useful For Those In Government And Ngos Who Are Concerned With The Welfare Of Women. A Must Read Of Government And Ngos Working In The Field Of Women Welfare.

Empowerment of Women in India

Author : V. S. Ganesamurthy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Empowerment of Women in India by : V. S. Ganesamurthy

Download or read book Empowerment of Women in India written by V. S. Ganesamurthy and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent of empowerment of women in a nation is largely determined by three factors - economic, social, and political identity. India's Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07) called for a three-pronged strategy of social empowerment, economic empowerment, and providing gender justice to create a positive environment of economic, and social policies for women, and eliminating all forms of discrimination against them. The government of India has initiated various schemes spread across a broad spectrum, such as women's need for shelter, security, safety, legal aid, justice, information, maternal health, food, nutrition etc., as well as their need for economic sustenance through skill development, education, and access to credit and marketing. In order to address the phenomenon of domestic violence, which is widely prevalent but remains largely invisible in the public domain, the Protection from Domestic Violence Act, 2006 was enacted by the Indian Parliament. This collection of 35 papers examines various areas of interest including socio-economic status, women entrepreneurship, women in politics, role of information and communication technology in empowering women, and domestic violence.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN: DIMENSIONS AND STRATEGIES

Author : M. RAZIYA PARVIN
Publisher : MJP Publisher
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN: DIMENSIONS AND STRATEGIES by : M. RAZIYA PARVIN

Download or read book SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN: DIMENSIONS AND STRATEGIES written by M. RAZIYA PARVIN and published by MJP Publisher. This book was released on 2019-06-03 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Legal Empowerment of Women: Theoretical and Practical Considerations, 2. Leadership and Women Empowerment: A Theoretical Perspective, 3. Violence against Women: Issues, Challenges and Policy Considerations, 4. Rural Economy and Empowerment of Women with Special Reference to Agriculture, 5. Biodiversity Management through Empowerment of Women, 6. Information Technology and Empowerment of Rural Women, 7. Status of Women in Tourism: Issues and Challenges, 8. Globalization, ICT and the Changing Trend of Women Empowerment, 9. Women Empowerment in Tamil Nadu: Strategies and Systems for Gender Justice, 10. Women in Tamil Nadu: Towards Empowerment with Reference to Human Development Indicators.

Enhancing Women's Participation in Economic Development

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821329634
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (296 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Enhancing Women's Participation in Economic Development by :

Download or read book Enhancing Women's Participation in Economic Development written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Makes recommendations for removing the barriers women face in contributing to and benefiting from sustainable economic development. International experience has proved that support for a stronger role for women in society contributes to economic growth through improved child survival rates, better family health, and reduced fertility rates. Nevertheless, women still face many barriers in contributing to and benefiting from development. These include low investment in female education and health and restricted access to services and assets. This study highlights five areas that could help change this inequitable situation: education, health, wage labor, agriculture and natural resource management, and financial services. A gender and development strategy is suggested that would take into account the relative roles and responsibilities of women and men, implying that the actions and attitudes of men must change. The ideas presented in this paper are an example of the World Bank's commitment to mainstreaming gender concerns into its operations. Although significant steps have already been taken in this direction, there remains a long road ahead. Also available: French (ISBN 0-8213-3023-3) Stock No. 13023; Spanish (ISBN 0-8213-3024-1) Stock No. 13024.

Women Empowerment

Author : Jag Paul Sharma
Publisher : New India Publishing Agency
ISBN 13 : 9389907217
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (899 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women Empowerment by : Jag Paul Sharma

Download or read book Women Empowerment written by Jag Paul Sharma and published by New India Publishing Agency. This book was released on 2021-11-20 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consequently the issue of women empowerment has emerged as most important agenda of 21st century and challenge as well to the world community. New Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which set a series of goals and targets to be achieved by 2030, represent a huge advancement over the Millennium Development Goals (2000-2015) through recognition of many elements essential to women’s empowerment such as education, health, control over violence, economic as well as political participation. To infuse new energy in commitments and initiatives related to women empowerment, International Women’s Day is celebrated on March 8 every year since 2010. It is a focal point in the movements for women’s rights. In spite of several initiatives, physical, economic, psychological, and sexual violence continue against women across the world. It is estimated that 1 in 3 women globally is a victim of gender-based violence, and the vast majority of those who respond positively to surveys do not seek any form of formal or informal support. In 29 countries in Africa and the Middle East where the practice is concentrated, more than 125 million girls and women alive today have been subjected to female genital mutilation (FGM). Women trafficking, child marriage, sexual violence, rapes and other crimes against women show persistence and on rise.

Economic Empowerment of Women in India

Author : M.. Ramanjaneyulu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Economic Empowerment of Women in India by : M.. Ramanjaneyulu

Download or read book Economic Empowerment of Women in India written by M.. Ramanjaneyulu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entrepreneurship Among Women Is An Emerging Recent Phenomenon. It Is The Process Of Creating Value By Attracting Together A Unique Package Of Resources To Exploit An Opportunity.Nowadays Governments Have Identified The Emerging Features Of Micro Enterprises As A New Dimension And Its Results Are More Benefit To The Economy. Micro Credit Programme Will Empower Women By Strengthening Their Economic Roles, Increasing Their Ability To Contribute Income To Family And Giving Them Experience And Self-Confidence In The Public Sphere, Exposer To Income Earning Activities. Women Need Credit For Skill Upgradation, Training And Entrepreneurial Development. The Impact Of Women Empowerment Would Occur By The Use Of Participatory Learning Approach (Pla) For Integrating Women S Own Priorities And Strategies In The Mainstream Of Development.This Study Is Aimed At Stimulating An Inquiry Into The Favourable Circumstances For Women To Venture, Motivational Factors, Socio-Economic And Managerial Aspects Of Tangible And Intangible Benefits Of The Women Micro Enterprises In Karnataka State In India. The Study Also Represents Physical And Financial Achievements Of Various Institutions Who Extended Support Credit For Women Entrepreneurial Development In The State.

Women Empowerment and Development

Author : Partha Pratim Sengupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781925823431
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (234 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women Empowerment and Development by : Partha Pratim Sengupta

Download or read book Women Empowerment and Development written by Partha Pratim Sengupta and published by . This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social and economic development can be achieved in its true sense when women's empowerment would find equal importance to the process of development. Empowering the women means creating such an environment in which they can take independent decisions for their personal development and the development of society in general. This edited volume brings together the contemporary issues, challenges and concerns related to women empowerment. The various challenges faced by the women community in modern world have been highlighted specifically in different chapters.Issues relating to social dynamics and associated challenges are part of thecourse curriculum of most of the social and law programmes around the world. This book is an indispensable text for anyone interested in women empowerment and gender equality as it highlights the policies and approaches to achieve these objectives. This book would be useful for the academicians, scholars and students of different disciplines in getting in depth knowledge about the condition of women community in the society.For more details, please visit https://centralwestpublishing.com

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF-HELP GROUPS

Author : Dr. A. Ramalingaiah and Dr. M. Muninarayanappa
Publisher : Ashok Yakkaldevi
ISBN 13 : 1329667107
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (296 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF-HELP GROUPS by : Dr. A. Ramalingaiah and Dr. M. Muninarayanappa

Download or read book WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF-HELP GROUPS written by Dr. A. Ramalingaiah and Dr. M. Muninarayanappa and published by Ashok Yakkaldevi. This book was released on 2023-03-28 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The efforts made by the Indian development planners during the past decades are commendable in reducing poverty and other dimensions of human development. However, a number of tasks remain unfinished. Abject poverty is still a stark reality for millions of Indians. Also, wide gaps in human development among states, districts and social groups exist. There is an urgent need for more concerted efforts to achieve greater social and gender equality. Women in India are victims of a multiple socio-economic and cultural factors. They are an integral part of every economy. All round development and harmonious growth of a nation would be possible only when women are considered as equal partners in progress with men. Emancipation of women is a pre-requisite for a NATION'S ECONOMIC development and social upliftment. Poverty is the main obstacle for the improvement of the women. The role of women and the need to empower them are central to human DEVELOPMENT programs including poverty alleviation.

Women Empowerment and Development

Author : Sameera Maiti
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788131607862
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (78 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women Empowerment and Development by : Sameera Maiti

Download or read book Women Empowerment and Development written by Sameera Maiti and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empowerment of women through gainful employment is a constituent-as well as instrument-of development in any country. No country can be deemed developed if half of its population is severely disadvantaged in terms of basic needs, livelihood options, access to knowledge, and political voice. A natural corollary of ensuring gender equality is the elimination of gender discrimination. Women's lack of economic empowerment not only impedes growth and poverty reduction, but also has a host of other negative impacts including less favourable education and health outcomes for children. Thus, it is extremely important to ensure that women are economically, socially, and politically empowered. Effective and coordinated plans and programs for the full implementation of women-oriented policies require a clear research-based knowledge of ground realities of the socio-economic status of women, particularly rural women. This volume is the outcome of the findings of academicians and researchers from different disciplines. The 11 papers included in this work throw light on various dimensions of women empowerment in India. [Subject: South Asian Studies, Gender Studies, Development Studies, Economic Development, Poverty Studies]

Finance & Development, March 2012

Author : International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451922140
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Finance & Development, March 2012 by : International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.

Download or read book Finance & Development, March 2012 written by International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young people, hardest hit by the global economic downturn, are speaking out and demanding change. F&D looks at the need to urgently address the challenges facing youth and create opportunities for them. Harvard professor David Bloom lays out the scope of the problem and emphasizes the importance of listening to young people in "Youth in the Balance." "Making the Grade" looks at how to teach today's young people what they need to get jobs. IMF Deputy Managing Director, Nemat Shafik shares her take on the social and economic consequences of youth unemployment in our "Straight Talk" column. "Scarred Generation" looks at the effects the global economic crisis had on young workers in advanced economies, and we hear directly from young people across the globe in "Voices of Youth." Renminbi's rise, financial system regulation, and boosting GDP by empowering women. Also in the magazine, we examine the rise of the Chinese currency, look at the role of the credit rating agencies, discuss how to boost the empowerment of women, and present our primer on macroprudential regulation, seen as increasingly important to financial stability. People in economics - C. Fred Bergsten, American Globalist. Back to basics - The multi-dimensional role of banks in our financial systems.