Women and English Piracy, 1540-1720: Partners and Victims of Crime

Download Women and English Piracy, 1540-1720: Partners and Victims of Crime PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1783270187
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (832 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Women and English Piracy, 1540-1720: Partners and Victims of Crime by : John C. Appleby

Download or read book Women and English Piracy, 1540-1720: Partners and Victims of Crime written by John C. Appleby and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2013 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on a wide body of evidence, the book argues that the support of women was vital to the persistence of piracy around the British Isles at least until the early seventeenth century. The emergence of long-distance and globalized predation had far reaching consequences for female agency.

Women of Piracy

Download Women of Piracy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000861732
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Women of Piracy by : Brittany VandeBerg

Download or read book Women of Piracy written by Brittany VandeBerg and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-01-20 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing from an interdisciplinary body of research and data, Women of Piracy employs a criminological lens to explore how women have been involved in, and impacted by, maritime piracy operations from the 16th century to present day piracy off the coast of Somalia. The book challenges and resists popular understandings of women as peripheral to the criminal enterprise of piracy by presenting and analyzing their roles and experiences as victims, perpetrators, and criminal justice actors, showing that women have been, and continue to be, central figures in maritime piracy. Unfolding in three parts, part one sets the context by providing readers with a history of the masculinization of the sea. Part two focuses on the gendered division of labor in piracy operations, discussing how and why the roles and responsibilities associated with this gendered labor have emerged, persisted, evolved, and/or ceased over time, as well as considering which roles and responsibilities appear to be context-specific and which seem to transgress geographical locations. Part three explores how women have (or have not) been brought to justice for their participation in crimes of piracy as well as the roles of women in efforts to combat piracy. The overarching objective is to ignite a broader discussion about the various cultural, social, historical, and economic forces that create opportunities for women to participate in maritime piracy and counter-piracy, why women continue to be invisible figures of piracy, and what implications this has for how we study, police, and bring pirates to justice. The first criminologically-grounded, global study exploring the continuity and evolution of women in maritime piracy, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of criminology, gender, feminist studies, international relations, anthropology, history, and political geography. It will also be useful to maritime and law enforcement professionals.

British Pirates and Society, 1680-1730

Download British Pirates and Society, 1680-1730 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317171675
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis British Pirates and Society, 1680-1730 by : Margarette Lincoln

Download or read book British Pirates and Society, 1680-1730 written by Margarette Lincoln and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how pirates were portrayed in their own time, in trial reports, popular prints, novels, legal documents, sermons, ballads and newspaper accounts. It examines how attitudes towards them changed with Britain’s growing imperial power, exploring the interface between political ambition and personal greed, between civil liberties and the power of the state. It throws light on contemporary ideals of leadership and masculinity - some pirate voyages qualifying as feats of seamanship and endurance. Unusually, it also gives insights into the domestic life of pirates and investigates the experiences of women whose husbands turned pirate or were captured for piracy. Pirate voyages contributed to British understanding of trans-oceanic navigation, patterns of trade and different peoples in remote parts of the world. This knowledge advanced imperial expansion and British control of trade routes, which helps to explain why contemporary attitudes towards piracy were often ambivalent. This is an engaging study of vested interests and conflicting ideologies. It offers comparisons with our experience of piracy today and shows how the historic representation of pirate behaviour can illuminate other modern preoccupations, including gang culture.

Female Entrepreneurs in the Long Nineteenth Century

Download Female Entrepreneurs in the Long Nineteenth Century PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030334120
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Female Entrepreneurs in the Long Nineteenth Century by : Jennifer Aston

Download or read book Female Entrepreneurs in the Long Nineteenth Century written by Jennifer Aston and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-29 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume challenges those who see gender inequalities invariably defining and constraining the lives of women. But it also broadens the conversation about the degree to which business is a gender-blind institution, owned and managed by entrepreneurs whose gender identities shape and reflect economic and cultural change." – Mary A. Yeager, Professor Emerita, University of California, Los Angeles This is the first book to consider nineteenth-century businesswomen from a global perspective, moving beyond European and trans-Atlantic frameworks to include many other corners of the world. The women in these pages, who made money and business decisions for themselves rather than as employees, ran a wide variety of enterprises, from micro-businesses in the ‘grey market’ to large factories with international reach. They included publicans and farmers, midwives and property developers, milliners and plumbers, pirates and shopkeepers. Female Entrepreneurs in the Long Nineteenth Century: A Global Perspective rejects the notion that nineteenth-century women were restricted to the home. Despite a variety of legal and structural restrictions, they found ways to make important but largely unrecognised contributions to economies around the world - many in business. Their impact on the economy and the economy’s impact on them challenge gender historians to think more about business and business historians to think more about gender and create a global history that is inclusive of multiple perspectives. Chapter one of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

Gender at Sea

Download Gender at Sea PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Uitgeverij Verloren
ISBN 13 : 9464550392
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (645 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Gender at Sea by : Marleen Reichgelt e.a.

Download or read book Gender at Sea written by Marleen Reichgelt e.a. and published by Uitgeverij Verloren. This book was released on 2022-12-14 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For centuries seafaring people thought that the presence of women on board would mean bad luck: rough weather, shipwreck, and other disasters were sure to follow. Because of these beliefs and prejudices women were supposedly excluded from the maritime domain. In the field of maritime history too, the ship and the sea have predominantly been perceived as a space for men. This volume of the Yearbook of Women’s History challenges these notions. It asks: to what extent were the sea and the ship ever male-dominated and masculine spaces? How have women been part of seafaring communities, maritime undertakings, and maritime culture? How did gender notions impact life on board and vice versa? From a multidisciplinary perspective, this volume moves from Indonesia to the Faroe Islands, from the Mediterranean to Newfoundland; bringing to light the presence of women and the workings of gender on sailing, whaling, steam, cruise, passenger, pirate, and navy ships. As a whole it demonstrates the diversity and the agency of women at sea from ancient times to the present day.

The Pirates’ Code

Download The Pirates’ Code PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Reaktion Books
ISBN 13 : 1789147417
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (891 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Pirates’ Code by : Rebecca Simon

Download or read book The Pirates’ Code written by Rebecca Simon and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2023-06-12 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fall captive to the code—the real-life buccaneer bylaws that shaped every aspect of a pirate’s life. Pirates have long captured our imaginations with images of cutlass-wielding swashbucklers, eye patches, and buried treasure. But what was life really like on a pirate ship? Piracy was a risky, sometimes deadly occupation, and strict orders were essential for everyone’s survival. These “Laws” were sets of rules that determined everything from how much each pirate earned from their plunder to compensation for injuries, punishments, and even the entertainment allowed on ships. These rules became known as the “Pirates’ Code,” which all pirates had to publicly swear by. Using primary sources like eyewitness accounts, trial proceedings, and maritime logs, this book explains how each one of the pirate codes was the key to pirates’ success in battle, on sea, and on land.

Colonization, Piracy, and Trade in Early Modern Europe

Download Colonization, Piracy, and Trade in Early Modern Europe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319571591
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Colonization, Piracy, and Trade in Early Modern Europe by : Estelle Paranque

Download or read book Colonization, Piracy, and Trade in Early Modern Europe written by Estelle Paranque and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection brings together essays examining the international influence of queens, other female rulers, and their representatives from 1450 through 1700, an era of expanding colonial activity and sea trade. As Europe rose in prominence geopolitically, a number of important women—such as Queen Elizabeth I of England, Catherine de Medici, Caterina Cornaro of Cyprus, and Isabel Clara Eugenia of Austria—exerted influence over foreign affairs. Traditionally male-dominated spheres such as trade, colonization, warfare, and espionage were, sometimes for the first time, under the control of powerful women. This interdisciplinary volume examines how they navigated these activities, and how they are represented in literature. By highlighting the links between female power and foreign affairs, Colonization, Piracy, and Trade in Early Modern Europe contributes to a fuller understanding of early modern queenship.

The Golden Age of Piracy

Download The Golden Age of Piracy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 0820353272
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Golden Age of Piracy by : David Head

Download or read book The Golden Age of Piracy written by David Head and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2018-06-15 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twelve authors shed new light on the true history and enduring mythology of seventeenth– and eighteenth–century pirates in this anthology of scholarly essays. The twelve entries in The Golden Age of Piracy discuss why pirates thrived in the seas of the New World, how pirates operated their plundering ventures, how governments battled piracy, and when and why piracy declined. Separating Hollywood myth from historical fact, these essays bring the real pirates of the Caribbean to life with a level of rigor and insight rarely applied to the subject. The Golden Age of Piracy also delves into the enduring status of pirates as pop culture icons. Audiences have devoured stories about cutthroats such as Blackbeard and Henry Morgan since before Robert Louis Stevenson wrote Treasure Island. By looking at the ideas of gender and sexuality surrounding pirate stories, the renewed interest in hunting for pirate treasure, and the construction of pirate myths, the contributing authors tell a new story about the dangerous men, and a few dangerous women, who terrorized the high seas. Contributors: Douglas R. Burgess, Guy Chet, John A. Coakley, Carolyn Eastman, Adam Jortner, Peter T. Leeson, Margarette Lincoln, Virginia W. Lunsford, Kevin P. McDonald, Carla Gardina Pestana, Matthew Taylor Raffety, and David Wilson.

Pirate Women

Download Pirate Women PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Chicago Review Press
ISBN 13 : 1613736045
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pirate Women by : Laura Sook Duncombe

Download or read book Pirate Women written by Laura Sook Duncombe and published by Chicago Review Press. This book was released on 2017-04-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first-ever Seven Seas history of the world's female buccaneers, Pirate Women: The Princesses, Prostitutes, and Privateers Who Ruled the Seven Seas tells the story of women, both real and legendary, who through the ages sailed alongside—and sometimes in command of—their male counterparts. These women came from all walks of life but had one thing in common: a desire for freedom. History has largely ignored these female swashbucklers, until now. Here are their stories, from ancient Norse princess Alfhild and warrior Rusla to Sayyida al-Hurra of the Barbary corsairs; from Grace O'Malley, who terrorized shipping operations around the British Isles during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I; to Cheng I Sao, who commanded a fleet of four hundred ships off China in the early nineteenth century. Author Laura Sook Duncombe also looks beyond the stories to the storytellers and mythmakers. What biases and agendas motivated them? What did they leave out? Pirate Women explores why and how these stories are told and passed down, and how history changes depending on who is recording it. It's the most comprehensive overview of women pirates in one volume and chock-full of swashbuckling adventures that pull these unique women from the shadows into the spotlight that they deserve.

The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds 1400-1800

Download The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds 1400-1800 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000075761
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds 1400-1800 by : Claire Jowitt

Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds 1400-1800 written by Claire Jowitt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been nominated for The Mountbatten Award for Best Book in the Maritime Media Awards 2021. The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds, 1400‒1800 explores early modern maritime history, culture, and the current state of the research and approaches taken by experts in the field. Ranging from cartography to poetry and decorative design to naval warfare, the book shows how once-traditional and often Euro-chauvinistic depictions of oceanic ‘mastery’ during the early modern period have been replaced by newer global ideas. This comprehensive volume challenges underlying assumptions by balancing its assessment of the consequences and accomplishments of European navigators in the era of Columbus, da Gama, and Magellan, with an awareness of the sophistication and maritime expertise in Asia, the Arab world, and the Americas. By imparting riveting new stories and global perceptions of maritime history and culture, the contributors provide readers with fresh insights concerning early modern entanglements between humans and the vast, unpredictable ocean. With maritime studies growing and the ocean’s health in decline, this volume is essential reading for academics and students interested in the historicization of the ocean and the ways early modern cultures both conceptualized and utilized seas.

Pirates & Slaves: Making of America

Download Pirates & Slaves: Making of America PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 138781026X
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (878 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pirates & Slaves: Making of America by : Baylus C. Brooks

Download or read book Pirates & Slaves: Making of America written by Baylus C. Brooks and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2018-05-13 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the origins of American Racism and Piracy - how did we get to Donald Trump and the corporate domination of our democracy? How did piracy develop in the Americas? Who benefitted? Who suffered? Why did America keep it? With the racist and irresponsible Trump administrationÕs essential destruction of AmericaÕs world reputation, these become essential questions and this is an attempt to answer them by exploring their roots in British Imperialism.

The English People at War in the Age of Henry VIII

Download The English People at War in the Age of Henry VIII PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192523899
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The English People at War in the Age of Henry VIII by : Steven Gunn

Download or read book The English People at War in the Age of Henry VIII written by Steven Gunn and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Henry VIII fought many wars, against the French and Scots, against rebels in England and the Gaelic lords of Ireland, even against his traditional allies in the Low Countries. But how much did these wars really affect his subjects? And what role did Henry's reign play in the long-term transformation of England's military capabilities? The English People at War in the Age of Henry VIII searches for the answers to these questions in parish and borough account books, wills and memoirs, buildings and paintings, letters from Henry's captains, and the notes readers wrote in their printed history books. It looks back from Henry's reign to that of his grandfather, Edward IV, who in 1475 invaded France in the afterglow of the Hundred Years War, and forwards to that of Henry's daughter Elizabeth, who was trying by the 1570s to shape a trained militia and a powerful navy to defend England in a Europe increasingly polarised by religion. War, it shows, marked Henry's England at every turn: in the news and prophecies people discussed, in the money towns and villages spent on armour, guns, fortifications, and warning beacons, in the way noblemen used their power. War disturbed economic life, made men buy weapons and learn how to use them, and shaped people's attitudes to the king and to national history. War mobilised a high proportion of the English population and conditioned their relationships with the French and Scots, the Welsh and the Irish. War should be recognised as one of the defining features of life in the England of Henry VIII.

Piracy in the Early Modern Era

Download Piracy in the Early Modern Era PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1624668267
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (246 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Piracy in the Early Modern Era by : Kris Lane

Download or read book Piracy in the Early Modern Era written by Kris Lane and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume represents a sea change in educational resources for the history of piracy. In a single, readable, and affordable volume, Lane and Bialuschewski present a wonderfully diverse body of primary texts on sea raiders. Drawn from a variety of sources, including the authors' own archival research and translations, these carefully curated texts cover over two hundred years (1548–1726) of global, early-modern piracy. Lane and Bialuschewski provide glosses of each document and a succinct introduction to the historical context of the period and avoid the romanticized and Anglo-centric depictions of maritime predation that often plague work on the topic." —Jesse Cromwell, The University of Mississippi

Black Flags, Blue Waters: The Epic History of America's Most Notorious Pirates

Download Black Flags, Blue Waters: The Epic History of America's Most Notorious Pirates PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Liveright Publishing
ISBN 13 : 163149211X
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (314 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Black Flags, Blue Waters: The Epic History of America's Most Notorious Pirates by : Eric Jay Dolin

Download or read book Black Flags, Blue Waters: The Epic History of America's Most Notorious Pirates written by Eric Jay Dolin and published by Liveright Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With surprising tales of vicious mutineers, imperial riches, and high-seas intrigue, Black Flags, Blue Waters is “rumbustious enough for the adventure-hungry” (Peter Lewis, San Francisco Chronicle). Set against the backdrop of the Age of Exploration, Black Flags, Blue Waters reveals the surprising history of American piracy’s “Golden Age” - spanning the late 1600s through the early 1700s - when lawless pirates plied the coastal waters of North America and beyond. “Deftly blending scholarship and drama” (Richard Zacks), best-selling author Eric Jay Dolin illustrates how American colonists at first supported these outrageous pirates in an early display of solidarity against the Crown, and then violently opposed them. Through engrossing episodes of roguish glamour and extreme brutality, Dolin depicts the star pirates of this period, among them the towering Blackbeard, the ill-fated Captain Kidd, and sadistic Edward Low, who delighted in torturing his prey. Upending popular misconceptions and cartoonish stereotypes, Black Flags, Blue Waters is a “tour de force history” (Michael Pierce, Midwestern Rewind) of the seafaring outlaws whose raids reflect the precarious nature of American colonial life.

Tudor and Stuart Seafarers

Download Tudor and Stuart Seafarers PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 147295677X
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tudor and Stuart Seafarers by : James Davey

Download or read book Tudor and Stuart Seafarers written by James Davey and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tudor and Stuart Seafarers tells the compelling story of how a small island positioned on the edge of Europe transformed itself into the world's leading maritime power. In 1485, England was an inward-looking country, its priorities largely domestic and European. Over the subsequent two centuries, however, this country was transformed, as the people of the British Isles turned to the sea in search of adventure, wealth and rule. Explorers voyaged into unknown regions of the world, while merchants, following in their wake, established lucrative trade routes with the furthest reaches of the globe. At home, people across Britain increasingly engaged with the sea, whether through their own lived experiences or through songs, prose and countless other forms of material culture. This exquisitely illustrated book delves into a tale of exploration, encounter, adventure, power, wealth and conflict. Topics include the exploration of the Americas, the growth of worldwide trade, piracy and privateering and the defeat of the Spanish Armada, brought to life through a variety of personalities from the well-known – Elizabeth I, Sir Francis Drake and Samuel Pepys – to the ordinary sailors, dockyard workers and their wives and families whose lives were so dramatically shaped by the sea.

Quest for Blackbeard: The True Story of Edward Thache and His World

Download Quest for Blackbeard: The True Story of Edward Thache and His World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1365258858
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (652 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Quest for Blackbeard: The True Story of Edward Thache and His World by : Baylus C. Brooks

Download or read book Quest for Blackbeard: The True Story of Edward Thache and His World written by Baylus C. Brooks and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 2 lbs, with 614 pages of text, tables, and graphs! Do you know who "Blackbeard the Pirate" was? Probably not! Born into a substantial family in Bristol, the eldest son of Capt. Edward and Elizabeth Thache sailed for Jamaica with his family sometime before 1695. Capt. Edward Thache of St. Jago de la Vega or "Spanish Town" died there at age 47 while his son, Edward "Blackbeard" Thache Jr. joined the Royal Navy and fought in Queen Anne's War aboard HMS Windsor. Thache resembled more a Robber Baron of the early 20th century than a poor downtrodden member of Benjamin Hornigold's "Flying Gang" in the Bahamas - or even his "pupil." Capt. Charles Johnson's "A General History of the Pyrates" is a flawed historical work and much of what we have previously known about Blackbeard is simply not true. This book attempts to rediscover exactly who Blackbeard really was... and how he related to his maritime American "Pirate Nation!" Quite a few surprises are in store! Website: http: //baylusbrooks.com

The Capital of Free Women

Download The Capital of Free Women PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300265646
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Capital of Free Women by : Danielle Terrazas Williams

Download or read book The Capital of Free Women written by Danielle Terrazas Williams and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A restoration of the agency and influence of free African-descended women in colonial Mexico through their traces in archives “A breathtaking study that places free African-descended women at the nexus of questions about religion, commerce, and the law in colonial Mexico. Danielle Terrazas Williams has produced a dazzling and important contribution to the history of women, family, race, and slavery in the Americas.”—Sophie White, author of Voices of the Enslaved The Capital of Free Women examines how African-descended women strove for dignity in seventeenth-century Mexico. Free women in central Veracruz, sometimes just one generation removed from slavery, purchased land, ran businesses, managed intergenerational wealth, and owned slaves of African descent. Drawing from archives in Mexico, Spain, and Italy, Danielle Terrazas Williams explores the lives of African-descended women across the economic spectrum, evaluates their elite sensibilities, and challenges notions of race and class in the colonial period.