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Willingness To Pay For Air Quality Improvements In Sofia Bulgaria
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Book Synopsis Willingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvements in Sofia, Bulgaria by : Hua Wang
Download or read book Willingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvements in Sofia, Bulgaria written by Hua Wang and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "People in Sofia are willing to pay 4.2 percent of their income or more for a program to improve air quality"--Cover.
Book Synopsis Willingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvements in Sofia, Bulgaria by : Hua Wang
Download or read book Willingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvements in Sofia, Bulgaria written by Hua Wang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People in Sofia are willing to pay 4.2 percent of their income or more for a program to improve air quality. Through a survey, Wang and Whittington study willingness to pay for improvements in air quality in Sofia, Bulgaria. Using a stochastic payment card approach - asking respondents the likelihood that they would agree to pay a series of prices - they estimate the distribution of willingness to pay various prices. They find that people in Sofia are willing to pay up to about 4.2 percent of their income for a program to improve air quality. The income elasticity of willingness to pay for air quality improvements is about 27 percent. For comparison, they also used the referendum contingent valuation approach. Results from that approach yielded a higher estimate of willingness to pay. This paper - a product of Infrastructure and Environment, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the economics of pollution control in developing countries.
Book Synopsis Willingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvement in Sofia, Bulgaria by : Hao Wang
Download or read book Willingness to Pay for Air Quality Improvement in Sofia, Bulgaria written by Hao Wang and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estimating Willingness-to-pay with Random Valuation Models by :
Download or read book Estimating Willingness-to-pay with Random Valuation Models written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "This paper presents a case study of willingness-to-pay (WTP) estimation using random valuation models. A contingent valuation survey was conducted in Yerevan, Armenia to estimate people's WTP for the protection of Lake Sevan. Three elicitation formats - open-ended, closed-ended, and the stochastic payment card (SPC) approach - were used with split random samples. WTP models with heterogeneous errors were constructed and estimated with the survey data. The SPC approach produces a higher estimation of the mean WTP than both the open-ended and closed-ended approaches, while results from the open-ended and closed-ended elicitation formats are similar. Furthermore, contrary to research findings obtained in the United States, this study finds higher WTP estimations with mail surveys than with personal interviews. This paper - a product of the Infrastructure and Environment Team, Development Research Group is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the economics of sustainable development in developing countries"--World Bank web site.
Download or read book Contingent Valuation written by R. Carson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major reference work the first of its kind provides a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to the large and growing literature on contingent valuation. It includes entries on over 7,500 contingent valuation papers and studies from over 130 countries covering both the published and grey literatures. This book provides an interpretive historical account of the development of contingent valuation, the most commonly used approach to placing a value on goods not normally sold in the marketplace. The major fields catalogued here include culture, the environment, and health application. This bibliography is an ideal starting point for researchers wanting to find other studies that have valued goods or used techniques similar to those they are interested in. For those wanting to conduct meta analyses, the book will serve as an invaluable guide to source material. For those wanting to conduct meta analyses, the book will serve as an invaluable guide to source material. In addition to the print edition we offer access, for purchasers of the book, to a website providing the contents of as a searchable Word document and in a variety of standard bibliographic database forms. Contingent Valuation is an indispensable reference source for researchers, scholars and policymakers concerned with survey approaches to the problem of environmental valuation.
Book Synopsis Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Air Quality Improvements by : Kawa Ng
Download or read book Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Air Quality Improvements written by Kawa Ng and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Environmental goods such as clean air and water do not enter the commercial market; nonmarket valuation methods are required to place monetary values on such public goods. Fairbanks, Alaska has a history of troubling air quality and is facing nonattainment with the ERA in terms of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration. The objective of this study is to estimate the economic benefits / willingness to pay (WTP) for a 50% reduction of PM2.5 using two nonmarket valuation methods: Contingent Valuation (CVM) and Benefit Transfer (BTM). Open-ended (OE) and interval open-ended (IOE) formats were used in the CVM split sample survey. From the BTM, the estimated benefit of air quality improvement for the city of Fairbanks, Alaska is $1,006,607 per annum. The estimated benefit from the OE survey is $765,393 p.a., while the IOE survey produced the range of $525,398 p.a. and $1,914,313 p.a."--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Incentives for Pollution Control by : J?r?me·Foulon
Download or read book Incentives for Pollution Control written by J?r?me·Foulon and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Both regulation and public disclosure belong in the environmental regulators' arsenal. Strong, clear standards combined with a significant, credible penalty system send the right signals to the regulated community, which responds by lowering pollution emissions. The public disclosure of environmental performance also provides strong additional incentives to pollution control"--Cover.
Book Synopsis Ancillary Benefits and Costs of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation by : OECD
Download or read book Ancillary Benefits and Costs of Greenhouse Gas Mitigation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2000-10-25 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This workshop proceedings discusses ancillary effects of greenhouse gas mitigation.
Book Synopsis Dividing the Spoils by : Ethan B. Kapstein
Download or read book Dividing the Spoils written by Ethan B. Kapstein and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The gains from the transition in post-communist Russia were captured by the new managerial class, which won rents from the state in the form of privatized enterprises, state subsidies, credits, and opportunities for tax evasion. Those rents reduced state revenues that could have supported social policy-- including pension reform, which in turn could have fueled industrial restructuring. With neither pension reform nor industrial restructuring, Russia's economy has continued to shrink"--Cover.
Book Synopsis Should Capital Flows Be Regulated? by : Roumeen Islam
Download or read book Should Capital Flows Be Regulated? written by Roumeen Islam and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Household Savings in Transition Economies by : Cevdet Denizer
Download or read book Household Savings in Transition Economies written by Cevdet Denizer and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Bulgaria, Hungary, and Poland, the higher the relative household income is, the higher the savings rate is. But, surprisingly, savings rates appear to be unaffected by either sector of employment (public or Private) or form of employment. Savings rates are significantly higher for households that do not own their own homes or that own few of the standard consumer durables - possibly because, with no retail credit or mortgage markets, households must save to purchase houses and durables.
Book Synopsis Public Willingness to Pay for Improvements in Visibility and Air Quality by : Greg Nothstein
Download or read book Public Willingness to Pay for Improvements in Visibility and Air Quality written by Greg Nothstein and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ten Years of Transformation by : Charles Wyplosz
Download or read book Ten Years of Transformation written by Charles Wyplosz and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Transition was never going to be easy, even with the highly promising long-run outlook. Not only was the process itself a major theoretical and policy challenge, but politics and economics were bound to interfere. And yet, with some spectacular exceptions, most countries are now on the right track"--Cover.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Deficits, Monetary Reform, and Inflation Stabilization in Romania by : Nina Budina
Download or read book Fiscal Deficits, Monetary Reform, and Inflation Stabilization in Romania written by Nina Budina and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscal problems are a key factor behind the inflation that has persisted in Eastern Europe since 1989. Deficits need to be cut back, but by how much for a given inflation target? A simple framework links debt, the deficit, and inflation to assess the fiscal stance of the Romanian economy.
Book Synopsis The Use of Asset Management Companies in the Resolution of Banking Crises by : Daniela Klingebiel
Download or read book The Use of Asset Management Companies in the Resolution of Banking Crises written by Daniela Klingebiel and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asset management companies have been used to address the overhang of bad debt in the financial system. There are two main types of asset management company: those set up to expedite corporate restructuring and those established for rapid disposal of assets. A review of seven asset management companies reveals a mixed record. In two of three cases, asset management companies for corporate restructuring did not achieve their narrow goal of expediting bank or corporate restructuring, suggesting that they are not good vehicles for expediting corporate restructuring. Only a Swedish asset management company successfully managed its portfolio, acting sometimes as lead agent in restructuring - and helped by the fact that the assets acquired had mostly to do with real estate, not manufacturing, which is harder to restructure, and represented a small fraction of the banking system's assets, which made it easier for the company to remain independent of political pressures and to sell assets back to the private sector. Asset management companies used to dispose of assets rapidly fared somewhat better. Two of four agencies (in Spain and the United States) achieved their objectives, suggesting that asset management companies can be used effectively for narrowly defined purposes of resolving insolvent and inviable financial institutions and selling off their assets. Achieving these objectives required an easily liquefiable asset - real estate - mostly professional management, political independence, adequate bankruptcy and foreclosure laws, appropriate funding, skilled resources, good information and management systems, and transparent operations and processes. The other two agencies (in Mexico and the Philippines) were doomed from the start, as governments transferred to them politically motivated loans or fraudulent assets, which were difficult for a government agency susceptible to political pressure and lacking independence to resolve or sell off.
Book Synopsis External Sustainability by : César Calderón
Download or read book External Sustainability written by César Calderón and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The 1994 crisis in Mexico, developments in East Asia, and persistent turmoil in world financial markets have dramatized the role of external imbalances in macroeconomic crises. Some believe that the current account should be kept from rising beyond a "sustainable" level, some that a current account surplus is the only solid external position. Can those rules of thumb be justified analytically?"--Cover.
Book Synopsis Journal of Agricultural Extension by :
Download or read book Journal of Agricultural Extension written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
