Why Secret Intelligence Fails

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Publisher : Potomac Books, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1612343074
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Secret Intelligence Fails by : Michael A. Turner

Download or read book Why Secret Intelligence Fails written by Michael A. Turner and published by Potomac Books, Inc.. This book was released on 2011-07 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Turner argues that the root causes of failures in American intelligence can be found in the way it is organized and in the intelligence process itself. Intelligence that has gone awry affects national decision making and, ultimately, American national security. Intelligence officials are reluctant to talk about intelligence successes, claiming "the secret of our success is the secret of our success." But these officials also shy away from talking about failures, largely because doing so would expose the failings of American intelligence and have an impact on policy consumers who may become more reluctant to accept and act on the intelligence they receive. Rather than focusing on case studies, the book takes a holistic approach, beginning with structural issues and all dysfunctions that emanate from them. Turner explores each step of the intelligence cycle--priority setting, intelligence collection, analysis, production, and dissemination--to identify the "inflection points" within each stage that contribute to intelligence failures. Finally, he examines a variety of plans that, if implemented, would reduce the likelihood of intelligence failures. While examining the causes of intelligence failures, Turner also explores intelligence as a critical governmental activity, making the book an excellent primer on secret intelligence. Turner writes in jargon-free prose for the informed reader interested in foreign policy and national security policy matters and brings enough depth to his subject that even experts will find this a must-read.

Why Secret Intelligence Fails

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781422390894
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Secret Intelligence Fails by : Michael Turner

Download or read book Why Secret Intelligence Fails written by Michael Turner and published by . This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligence (intel) officials are reluctant to talk about intel successes. But these officials also shy away from failures, largely because doing so would expose their shortcomings & make policy makers more reluctant to act on the intel they receive. The root causes of failure in Amer. intel can be found in the way it is organized & in the intel process itself. Explores how the intel community functions, making it an excellent primer on secret intel. Discusses all the dysfunctions that emanate from them. Explores each step of the intel cycle -- priority setting, intel collection, analysis, production, & dissem. -- to identify the ¿inflection points¿ that contribute to intel failures. Examines a variety of plans that, if implemented, would improve Amer. intel.

Problem of Secret Intelligence

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Author :
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748691847
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Problem of Secret Intelligence by : Kjetil Anders Hatlebrekke

Download or read book Problem of Secret Intelligence written by Kjetil Anders Hatlebrekke and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-03 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is intelligence - why is it so hard to define, and why is there no systematic theory of intelligence? Kjetil Anders Hatlebrekke creates a new, systematic model of intelligence analysis, arguing that good intelligence is based on understanding the threats that appear beyond our experience, and are therefore the most dangerous to society.

Breakdown

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1596987103
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (969 download)

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Book Synopsis Breakdown by : Bill Gertz

Download or read book Breakdown written by Bill Gertz and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-03-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York Times bestselling author Bill Gertz uses his unparalleled access to America's intelligence system to show how this system completely broke down in the years, months, and days leading up to the deadly terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.

Understanding Intelligence Failure

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317375726
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Intelligence Failure by : James J. Wirtz

Download or read book Understanding Intelligence Failure written by James J. Wirtz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection, comprising key works by James J. Wirtz, explains how different threat perceptions can lead to strategic surprise attack, intelligence failure and the failure of deterrence. This volume adopts a strategist’s view of the issue of surprise and intelligence failure by placing these phenomena in the context of conflict between strong and weak actors in world affairs. A two-level theory explains the incentives and perceptions of both parties when significant imbalances of military power exist between potential combatants, and how this situation sets the stage for strategic surprise and intelligence failure to occur. The volume illustrates this theory by applying it to the Kargil Crisis, attacks launched by non-state actors, and by offering a comparison of Pearl Harbor and the September 11, 2001 attacks. It explores the phenomenon of deterrence failure; specifically, how weaker parties in an enduring or nascent conflict come to believe that deterrent threats posed by militarily stronger antagonists will be undermined by various constraints, increasing the attractiveness of utilising surprise attack to achieve their objectives. This work also offers strategies that could mitigate the occurrence of intelligence failure, strategic surprise and the failure of deterrence. This book will be of much interest to students of intelligence studies, strategic studies, security studies and IR in general.

Intelligence Success and Failure

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019067699X
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligence Success and Failure by : Uri Bar-Joseph

Download or read book Intelligence Success and Failure written by Uri Bar-Joseph and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of strategic surprise has long concentrated on important failures that resulted in catastrophes such as Pearl Harbor and the September 11th attacks, and the majority of previously published research in the field determines that such large-scale military failures often stem from defective information-processing systems. Intelligence Success and Failure challenges this common assertion that catastrophic surprise attacks are the unmistakable products of warning failure alone. Further, Uri Bar-Joseph and Rose McDermott approach this topic uniquely by highlighting the successful cases of strategic surprise, as well as the failures, from a psychological perspective. This book delineates the critical role of individual psychopathologies in precipitating failure by investigating important historical cases. Bar-Joseph and McDermott use six particular military attacks as examples for their analysis, including: "Barbarossa," the June 1941 German invasion of the USSR (failure); the fall-winter 1941 battle for Moscow (success); the Arab attack on Israel on Yom Kippur 1973 (failure); and the second Egyptian offensive in the war six days later (success). From these specific cases and others, they analyze the psychological mechanisms through which leaders assess their own fatal mistakes and use the intelligence available to them. Their research examines the factors that contribute to failure and success in responding to strategic surprise and identify the learning process that central decision makers use to facilitate subsequent successes. Intelligence Success and Failure presents a new theory in the study of strategic surprise that claims the key explanation for warning failure is not unintentional action, but rather, motivated biases in key intelligence and central leaders that null any sense of doubt prior to surprise attacks.

Secret Intelligence

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429647360
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Secret Intelligence by : Christopher Andrew

Download or read book Secret Intelligence written by Christopher Andrew and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Secret Intelligence: A Reader brings together key essays from the field of intelligence studies, blending classic works on concepts and approaches with more recent essays dealing with current issues and ongoing debates about the future of intelligence. Secret intelligence has never enjoyed a higher profile. The events of 9/11, the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, the missing WMD controversy, public debates over prisoner interrogation, together with the revelations of figures such as Edward Snowden, recent cyber attacks and the rise of 'hybrid warfare' have all contributed to make this a ‘hot’ subject over the past two decades. Aiming to be more comprehensive than existing books, and to achieve truly international coverage of the field, this book provides key readings and supporting material for students and course convenors. It is divided into four main sections, each of which includes full summaries of each article, further reading suggestions and student questions: • The intelligence cycle • Intelligence, counter-terrorism and security • Ethics, accountability and secrecy • Intelligence and the new warfare This new edition contains essays by leading scholars in the field and will be essential reading for students of intelligence studies, strategic studies, international security and political science in general, and of interest to anyone wishing to understand the current relationship between intelligence and policy-making.

Historical Dictionary of Intelligence Failures

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442232749
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Intelligence Failures by : Glenmore S. Trenear-Harvey

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Intelligence Failures written by Glenmore S. Trenear-Harvey and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Intelligence failure can be defined where there was intelligence available about a particular event, but either it was not collected or was mishandled later in the assessment cycle, as opposed to the failure of an intelligence operation. The Historical Dictionary of Intelligence Failures covers the history of intelligence failures through a chronology, an introductory essay, an extensive bibliography, and over 100 cross-referenced dictionary entries on the Ardennes Offensive, the Six Day War, and the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Prague Spring, the Arab Spring, 9/11. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the intelligence industry.

Senseless Secrets

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0811772101
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Senseless Secrets by : Michael Lee Lanning

Download or read book Senseless Secrets written by Michael Lee Lanning and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the War for Independence to the War on Terror, American military intelligence has often failed, costing needless casualties and squandering money and materiel as well as prestige – and all too often it has failed to learn from its mistakes. Senseless Secrets covers more than 200 years of intelligence breakdowns in every American war, including not only how intelligence has been wrong, but also how good intel has failed to make it to battlefield commanders, how spies and traitors have infiltrated the military intelligence community, and more. Here are stories of Benedict Arnold’s turn in the Revolution, George McClellan’s reliance on the Pinkertons’ inflated estimates of enemy strengths in the Civil War, Custer’s flawed intelligence prior to the Little Bighorn, the controversy over Pearl Harbor, the surprise German attack that started the Battle of the Bulge, the failure to convey useful intelligence to small-unit commanders in Vietnam, overestimates of Iraqi strength during Operation Desert Storm, the bad intelligence about Saddam Hussein’s supposed nuclear arsenal in 2002-03, and the chaos surrounding the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2021. Senseless Secrets is a military history of the United States through its intelligence operations. It should be required reading inside the U.S. military and beyond.

The Secret World

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Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 030024052X
Total Pages : 1019 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Secret World by : Christopher Andrew

Download or read book The Secret World written by Christopher Andrew and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A comprehensive exploration of spying in its myriad forms from the Bible to the present day . . . Easy to dip into, and surprisingly funny.” —Ben Macintyre in The New York Times Book Review The history of espionage is far older than any of today’s intelligence agencies, yet largely forgotten. The codebreakers at Bletchley Park, the most successful WWII intelligence agency, were completely unaware that their predecessors had broken the codes of Napoleon during the Napoleonic wars and those of Spain before the Spanish Armada. Those who do not understand past mistakes are likely to repeat them. Intelligence is a prime example. At the outbreak of WWI, the grasp of intelligence shown by US President Woodrow Wilson and British Prime Minister Herbert Asquith was not in the same class as that of George Washington during the Revolutionary War and eighteenth-century British statesmen. In the first global history of espionage ever written, distinguished historian and New York Times–bestselling author Christopher Andrew recovers much of the lost intelligence history of the past three millennia—and shows us its continuing relevance. “Accurate, comprehensive, digestible and startling . . . a stellar achievement.” —Edward Lucas, The Times “For anyone with a taste for wide-ranging and shrewdly gossipy history—or, for that matter, for anyone with a taste for spy stories—Andrew’s is one of the most entertaining books of the past few years.” —Adam Gopnik, The New Yorker “Remarkable for its scope and delightful for its unpredictable comparisons . . . there are important lessons for spymasters everywhere in this breathtaking and brilliant book.” —Richard J. Aldrich, Times Literary Supplement “Fans of Fleming and Furst will delight in this skillfully related true-fact side of the story.” —Kirkus Reviews “A crowning triumph of one of the most adventurous scholars of the security world.” —Financial Times Includes illustrations

Why Intelligence Fails

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Author :
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801457610
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Intelligence Fails by : Robert Jervis

Download or read book Why Intelligence Fails written by Robert Jervis and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. government spends enormous resources each year on the gathering and analysis of intelligence, yet the history of American foreign policy is littered with missteps and misunderstandings that have resulted from intelligence failures. In Why Intelligence Fails, Robert Jervis examines the politics and psychology of two of the more spectacular intelligence failures in recent memory: the mistaken belief that the regime of the Shah in Iran was secure and stable in 1978, and the claim that Iraq had active WMD programs in 2002. The Iran case is based on a recently declassified report Jervis was commissioned to undertake by CIA thirty years ago and includes memoranda written by CIA officials in response to Jervis's findings. The Iraq case, also grounded in a review of the intelligence community's performance, is based on close readings of both classified and declassified documents, though Jervis's conclusions are entirely supported by evidence that has been declassified. In both cases, Jervis finds not only that intelligence was badly flawed but also that later explanations—analysts were bowing to political pressure and telling the White House what it wanted to hear or were willfully blind—were also incorrect. Proponents of these explanations claimed that initial errors were compounded by groupthink, lack of coordination within the government, and failure to share information. Policy prescriptions, including the recent establishment of a Director of National Intelligence, were supposed to remedy the situation. In Jervis's estimation, neither the explanations nor the prescriptions are adequate. The inferences that intelligence drew were actually quite plausible given the information available. Errors arose, he concludes, from insufficient attention to the ways in which information should be gathered and interpreted, a lack of self-awareness about the factors that led to the judgments, and an organizational culture that failed to probe for weaknesses and explore alternatives. Evaluating the inherent tensions between the methods and aims of intelligence personnel and policymakers from a unique insider's perspective, Jervis forcefully criticizes recent proposals for improving the performance of the intelligence community and discusses ways in which future analysis can be improved.

Failure of Intelligence

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Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742551107
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Failure of Intelligence by : Melvin Allan Goodman

Download or read book Failure of Intelligence written by Melvin Allan Goodman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2008 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failure of Intelligence is designed to inform the debate over intelligence policy and suggest a reform agenda. The provocative mingling of historical description with contemporary political analysis and reform prescription challenges the conventional wisdom on clandestine collection and ultimately and persuasively asserts that the failure to have diplomatic relations has led to the inability to collect intelligence.

Secrets and Spies

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Publisher : Chatham House Insights
ISBN 13 : 9780815737971
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Secrets and Spies by : Jamie Gaskarth

Download or read book Secrets and Spies written by Jamie Gaskarth and published by Chatham House Insights. This book was released on 2020 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring how intelligence professionals view accountability in the context of twenty-first century politics How can democratic governments hold intelligence and security agencies accountable when what they do is largely secret? Using the UK as a case study, this book addresses this question by providing the first systematic exploration of how accountability is understood inside the secret world. It is based on new interviews with current and former UK intelligence practitioners, as well as extensive research into the performance and scrutiny of the UK intelligence machinery. The result is the first detailed analysis of how intelligence professionals view their role, what they feel keeps them honest, and how far external overseers impact on their work Moving beyond the conventional focus on oversight, the book examines how accountability works in the day to day lives of these organizations, and considers the impact of technological and social changes, such as artificial intelligence and social media. The UK is a useful case study as it is an important actor on the global intelligence scene, gathering material that helps inform global decisions on such issues as nuclear proliferation, terrorism, transnational crime, and breaches of international humanitarian law. On the flip side, the UK was a major contributor to the intelligence failures leading to the Iraq war in 2003, and its agencies were complicit in the widely discredited U.S. practices of torture and "rendition" of terrorism suspects. UK agencies have come under greater scrutiny since those actions, but it is clear that problems remain. The book concludes with a series of suggestions for improvement, including the creation of an intelligence ethics committee, allowing the public more input into intelligence decisions. The issues explored in this book have important implications for researchers, intelligence professionals, overseers, and the public when it comes to understanding and scrutinizing intelligence practice.

Safe for Democracy

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Author :
Publisher : Ivan R. Dee
ISBN 13 : 1615780114
Total Pages : 752 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Safe for Democracy by : John Prados

Download or read book Safe for Democracy written by John Prados and published by Ivan R. Dee. This book was released on 2006-09-14 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From its founding in the aftermath of World War II, the Central Intelligence Agency has been discovered in the midst of some of the most crucial-and most embarrassing-episodes in United States relations with the world. Safe for Democracy for the first time places the story of the CIA's covert operations squarely in the context of America's global quest for democratic values and institutions. National security historian John Prados offers a comprehensive history of the CIA's secret wars that is as close to a definitive account as is possible today.

Cloak and Dollar

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Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300101591
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Cloak and Dollar by : Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones

Download or read book Cloak and Dollar written by Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones, a leading expert on the history of American espionage, here offers a lively and sweeping history of American secret intelligence from the founding of the nation through the present day. Jeffreys-Jones chronicles the extraordinary expansion of American secret intelligence from the 1790s, when George Washington set aside a discretionary fund for covert operations, to the beginning of the twenty-first century, when United States intelligence expenditure exceeds Russia's total defense budget. How did the American intelligence system evolve into such an enormous and costly bureaucracy? Jeffreys-Jones argues that hyperbolic claims and the impulse toward self-promotion have beset American intelligence organizations almost from the outset. Allan Pinkerton, whose nineteenth-century detective agency was the forerunner of modern intelligence bureaus, invented assassination plots and fomented anti-radical fears in order to demonstrate his own usefulness. Subsequent spymasters likewise invented or exaggerated a succession of menaces ranging from white slavery to Soviet espionage to digital encryption in order to build their intelligence agencies and, later, to defend their ever-expanding budgets. While American intelligence agencies have achieved some notable successes, Jeffreys-Jones argues, the intelligence community as a whole has suffered from a dangerous distortion of mission. By exaggerating threats such as Communist infiltration and Chinese espionage at the expense of other, more intractable problems--such as the narcotics trade and the danger of terrorist attack--intelligence agencies have misdirected resources and undermined their own objectivity. Since the end of the Cold War, the aims of American secret intelligence have been unclear. Recent events have raised serious questions about effectiveness of foreign intelligence, and yet the CIA and other intelligence agencies are poised for even greater expansion under the current administration. Offering a lucid assessment of the origins and evolution of American secret intelligence, Jeffreys-Jones asks us to think also about the future direction of our intelligence agencies.

Intelligence in an Insecure World

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Author :
Publisher : Polity
ISBN 13 : 0745632440
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligence in an Insecure World by : Peter Gill

Download or read book Intelligence in an Insecure World written by Peter Gill and published by Polity. This book was released on 2006-08-29 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What exactly is intelligence? Who seeks to develop it and how? What happens to the intelligence that is produced? This book explores these and other key questions while examining the limits of intelligence, intelligence failures, and the relationship between intelligence and processes of public and private governance. The book closes with a consideration of the need for democratic control of intelligence to prevent potential abuse by unaccountable state or corporate agencies.

Spies, Lies, and Algorithms

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691147132
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Spies, Lies, and Algorithms by : Amy B. Zegart

Download or read book Spies, Lies, and Algorithms written by Amy B. Zegart and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-02 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligence challenges in the digital age : Cloaks, daggers, and tweets -- The education crisis : How fictional spies are shaping public opinion and intelligence policy -- American intelligence history at a glance-from fake bakeries to armed drones -- Intelligence basics : Knowns and unknowns -- Why analysis is so hard : The seven deadly biases -- Counterintelligence : To catch a spy -- Covert action - "a hard business of agonizing choices" -- Congressional oversight : Eyes on spies -- Intelligence isn't just for governments anymore : Nuclear sleuthing in a Google earth world -- Decoding cyber threats.