Wellington's Smallest Victory

Download Wellington's Smallest Victory PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780571217687
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (176 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington's Smallest Victory by : Peter Hofschröer

Download or read book Wellington's Smallest Victory written by Peter Hofschröer and published by . This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Hofschröer tells the remarkable story of William Siborne, a Lieutenant in the British Army and expert in topography, who was commissioned to make a vast scale model of Waterloo, incorporating seventy-five thousand tin-lead soldiers and stretching over four hundred square feet. Buy why - at a time when celebrations of England's finest hour at Waterloo were so in vogue, and Wellington's fame was at its peak - did this exquisite model gain Siborne the enmity of the Duke and ultimately lead to his own ruin? If history is always written by the victor, never was this more true than Waterloo. Now, to correct a long injustice, Peter Hofschröer reveals the truth of one man's all-consuming and ruinous passion for historical accuracy.

A Life Without Limits

Download A Life Without Limits PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Center Street
ISBN 13 : 1455510939
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (555 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Life Without Limits by : Chrissie Wellington

Download or read book A Life Without Limits written by Chrissie Wellington and published by Center Street. This book was released on 2012-05-15 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2007, Chrissie Wellington shocked the triathlon world by winning the Ironman World Championships in Hawaii. As a newcomer to the sport and a complete unknown to the press, Chrissie's win shook up the sport. A LIFE WITHOUT LIMITS is the story of her rise to the top, a journey that has taken her around the world, from a childhood in England, to the mountains of Nepal, to the oceans of New Zealand, and the trails of Argentina, and first across the finish line. Wellington's first-hand, inspiring story includes all the incredible challenges she has faced--from anorexia to near--drowning to training with a controversial coach. But to Wellington, the drama of the sports also presents an opportunity to use sports to improve people's lives. A LIFE WITHOUT LIMITS reveals the heart behind Wellington's success, along with the diet, training and motivational techniques that keep her going through one of the world's most grueling events.

Wellington

Download Wellington PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300198604
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington by : Rory Muir

Download or read book Wellington written by Rory Muir and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading Wellington historian’s fascinating reassessment of the Iron Duke’s most famous victory and his role in the turbulent politics after Waterloo. For Arthur Wellesley, First Duke of Wellington, his momentous victory over Napoleon was the culminating point of a brilliant military career. Yet Wellington’s achievements were far from over: he commanded the allied army of occupation in France to the end of 1818, returned home to a seat in Lord Liverpool’s cabinet, and became prime minister in 1828. He later served as a senior minister in Peel’s government and remained commander-in-chief of the army for a decade until his death in 1852. In this richly detailed work, the second and concluding volume of Rory Muir’s definitive biography, the author offers a substantial reassessment of Wellington’s significance as a politician and a nuanced view of the private man behind the legend of the selfless hero. Muir presents new insights into Wellington’s determination to keep peace at home and abroad, achieved by maintaining good relations with the Continental powers and resisting radical agitation while granting political equality to the Catholics in Ireland rather than risk civil war. And countering one-dimensional pictures of Wellington as a national hero, Muir paints a portrait of a well-rounded man whose austere demeanor on the public stage belied his entertaining, gossipy, generous, and unpretentious private self. “[An] authoritative and enjoyable conclusion to a two-part biography.” —Lawrence James, Times (London) “Muir conveys the military, political, social and personal sides of Wellington’s career with equal brilliance. This will be the leading work on the subject for decades.” —Andrew Roberts, author of Napoleon and Wellington: The Long Duel

Wellington: Waterloo and the Fortunes of Peace 1814–1852

Download Wellington: Waterloo and the Fortunes of Peace 1814–1852 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300214049
Total Pages : 761 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington: Waterloo and the Fortunes of Peace 1814–1852 by : Rory Muir

Download or read book Wellington: Waterloo and the Fortunes of Peace 1814–1852 written by Rory Muir and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The preeminent Wellington biographer presents a fascinating reassessment of the Duke’s most famous victory and his political career after Waterloo. The Duke of Wellington’s momentous victory over Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo was the culminating point of a brilliant military career. Yet Wellington’s achievements were far from over. He commanded the allied army of occupation in France to the end of 1818, returned home to a seat in Lord Liverpool’s cabinet, and became prime minister in 1828. He later served as a senior minister in Robert Peel’s government and remained Commander-in-Chief of the Army for a decade until his death in 1852. In this richly detailed work, the second and concluding volume of Rory Muir’s definitive biography, the author offers a substantial reassessment of Wellington’s significance as a politician and a nuanced view of the private man behind the legendary hero. Muir presents new insights into Wellington’s determination to keep peace at home and abroad, achieved by maintaining good relations with the Continental powers, resisting radical agitation, and granting political equality to the Catholics in Ireland. Countering one-dimensional image of Wellington as a national hero, Muir paints a nuanced portrait of a man whose austere public demeanor belied his entertaining, gossipy, generous, and unpretentious private self.

Napoleon and Wellington

Download Napoleon and Wellington PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Hachette UK
ISBN 13 : 0297865269
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (978 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon and Wellington by : Andrew Roberts

Download or read book Napoleon and Wellington written by Andrew Roberts and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dual biography of the greatest opposing generals of their age who ultimately became fixated on one another, by a bestselling historian. 'Thoroughly enjoyable, beautifully written and meticulously researched' Observer On the morning of the battle of Waterloo, the Emperor Napoleon declared that the Duke of Wellington was a bad general, the British were bad soldiers and that France could not fail to win an easy victory. Forever afterwards historians have accused him of gross overconfidence, and massively underestimating the calibre of the British commander opposed to him. Andrew Roberts presents an original, highly revisionist view of the relationship between the two greatest captains of their age. Napoleon, who was born in the same year as Wellington - 1769 - fought Wellington by proxy years earlier in the Peninsula War, praising his ruthlessness in private while publicly deriding him as a mere 'sepoy general'. In contrast, Wellington publicly lauded Napoleon, saying that his presence on a battlefield was worth forty thousand men, but privately wrote long memoranda lambasting Napoleon's campaigning techniques. Although Wellington saved Napoleon from execution after Waterloo, Napoleon left money in his will to the man who had tried to assassinate Wellington. Wellington in turn amassed a series of Napoleonic trophies of his great victory, even sleeping with two of the Emperor's mistresses.

Wellington: The Iron Duke (Text Only)

Download Wellington: The Iron Duke (Text Only) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : HarperCollins UK
ISBN 13 : 0007383495
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (73 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington: The Iron Duke (Text Only) by : Richard Holmes

Download or read book Wellington: The Iron Duke (Text Only) written by Richard Holmes and published by HarperCollins UK. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this compelling book, Richard Holmes tells the exhilarating story of the Duke of Wellington, Britain's greatest ever soldier.

The Longest Afternoon

Download The Longest Afternoon PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465039944
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Longest Afternoon by : Brendan Simms

Download or read book The Longest Afternoon written by Brendan Simms and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2015-02-10 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the prizewinning author of Europe, a riveting account of the heroic Second Light Battalion, which held the line at Waterloo, defeating Napoleon and changing the course of history. In 1815, the deposed emperor Napoleon returned to France and threatened the already devastated and exhausted continent with yet another war. Near the small Belgian municipality of Waterloo, two large, hastily mobilized armies faced each other to decide the future of Europe-Napoleon's forces on one side, and the Duke of Wellington on the other. With so much at stake, neither commander could have predicted that the battle would be decided by the Second Light Battalion, King's German Legion, which was given the deceptively simple task of defending the Haye Sainte farmhouse, a crucial crossroads on the way to Brussels. In The Longest Afternoon, Brendan Simms captures the chaos of Waterloo in a minute-by-minute account that reveals how these 400-odd riflemen successfully beat back wave after wave of French infantry. The battalion suffered terrible casualties, but their fighting spirit and refusal to retreat ultimately decided the most influential battle in European history.

Wellington at Waterloo

Download Wellington at Waterloo PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Frontline Books
ISBN 13 : 184832586X
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (483 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington at Waterloo by : Jac Weller

Download or read book Wellington at Waterloo written by Jac Weller and published by Frontline Books. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jac Weller studies every move and counter-move of the battle, recreating not only the actions and tactics of the two great leaders but the epic engagements and clashes between the troops themselves that were pivotal for the victory or defeat. The author also studies the related battles of Quatre Bras and Ligny. He takes the reader with him onto the battlefield of Waterloo, a terrain whose features are still recongnisable today, and which is bought to life for the reader by detailed maps and by the authors vivid and riveting descriptions of the progress of the fighting.This completely original approach, appreciated by the Times Literary Supplement on the books first publication, strikes as fresh today, and this new edition, with an introduction specially written for it by the author, will be eagerly read by military enthusiasts and general reader alike.

Wellington

Download Wellington PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 0826425909
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (264 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington by : Gordon Corrigan

Download or read book Wellington written by Gordon Corrigan and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2006-06-23 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Duke of Wellington, the most successful of British commanders, set a standard by which all subsequent British generals have been measured. His defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815 crowned a reputation first won in India at Assaye and then confirmed during the Peninsular War, where he followed up his defence of Portugal by expelling the French from Spain. Gordon Corrigan, himself an ex-soldier, examines his claims to greatness. Wellington was in many ways the first modern general, combining a mastery of logistics with an ability to communicate and inspire. He had to contend not only with enemy armies but also with his political masters and an often sceptical public at home.

Wellington and Waterloo

Download Wellington and Waterloo PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : The History Press
ISBN 13 : 0750954809
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (59 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington and Waterloo by : R. E. Foster

Download or read book Wellington and Waterloo written by R. E. Foster and published by The History Press. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The events which unfolded south of Brussels on 18 June 1815 conferred instant immortality on those who took part in them. For the Duke of Wellington, Waterloo consummated victory in a long battle for what he considered to be his due recognition. Whilst he guarded that reputation jealously, he also jeopardised it by his decision to enter politics in what proved to be an especially partisan age. Even the outpouring of national grief which accompanied his death in 1852 could not totally obscure the ambivalence he had aroused in life. The memory of Waterloo, meanwhile, followed its own trajectory. Travellers initially flocked to the battlefield as if drawn by a magnet. What the triumph meant for Britain, and the wider world, moreover, became a battle in itself, one fought variously in the political, literary and artistic theatres of war. As the nineteenth century advanced, it was only Waterloo's less-exalted participants who, relatively, faded from view – or were ignored. Drawing on many under-utilised sources to illuminate some less familiar themes, this timely study offers fresh perspectives on one of Britain's best-known figures, as well as on the nature of heroism. The reader is also given pause for thought as to appropriate forms of commemoration and how national celebrations are prone to manipulation, for their own purposes, by those in government.

Wellington's Hidden Heroes

Download Wellington's Hidden Heroes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Casemate
ISBN 13 : 1612003338
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (12 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington's Hidden Heroes by : Veronica Baker-Smith

Download or read book Wellington's Hidden Heroes written by Veronica Baker-Smith and published by Casemate. This book was released on 2015-10-19 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An excellent account of the contribution of the newly formed (and short-lived) United Kingdom of the Netherlands to the Allied victory” (HistoryOfWar.org). The Dutch-Belgians have been variously described as inexperienced, incompetent, and cowardly, a rogue element in the otherwise disciplined Allied Army. It is only now being tentatively acknowledged that they alone saved Wellington from disaster at Quatre Bras. He had committed a strategic error in that, as Napoleon advanced, his own troops were scattered over a hundred kilometers of southern Belgium. Outnumbered three to one, the Netherlanders gave him time to concentrate his forces and save Brussels from French occupation. At Waterloo itself, on at least three occasions when the fate of the battle “hung upon the cusp,” their engagement with the enemy aided British recovery. Their commander—the Prince of Orange—has been viciously described as an arrogant fool, “a disaster waiting to happen,” and even a dangerous lunatic. According to the assessment of Wellington himself, he was a reliable and courageous subordinate. This book reveals a new dimension of the famous campaign and includes many unseen illustrations. For the first time, a full assessment is made of the challenge which Willem I faced as king of a country hastily cobbled together by the Congress of Vienna, and of his achievement in assembling, equipping, and training 30,000 men from scratch in eighteen months. “An extraordinary and impressively researched, written, organized and presented history that sheds considerable new light on one of the most influential battles of 19th century Europe.” —Midwest Book Review “A fascinating read.” —Military Heritage

Salamanca 1812

Download Salamanca 1812 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1846036291
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (46 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Salamanca 1812 by : Ian Fletcher

Download or read book Salamanca 1812 written by Ian Fletcher and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salamanca was the most decisive battle of the entire Peninsular War. Wellington smashed Marmont's French Army and his pursuit of its shattered remnants led to the famous cavalry charge of the King's German Legion at Garcia Hernandez. There would be two more years of sieges and hard fighting before the Iron Duke crossed the Pyrenees into France but from Salamanca the British and their Portuguese and Spanish allies always had the upper hand. Ian Fletcher examines this important battle in detail and also discusses the campaign which led up to it.

On Waterloo

Download On Waterloo PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781453701508
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (15 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis On Waterloo by : Arthur Wellesley

Download or read book On Waterloo written by Arthur Wellesley and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book at last makes available in English a penetrating exchange between two of history's most famous soldiers concerning the dramatic events of the Waterloo campaign of 1815. The Duke of Wellington is one of the greatest military commanders in British history; General Carl von Clausewitz is widely regarded as the greatest military thinker in the history of Western civilization. Both men had vast experience in the Napoleonic Wars, and both were prominent participants in the campaign. Wellington commanded the Anglo-Dutch-Belgian army; the much younger Clausewitz was chief-of-staff to Prussia's 3rd Corps. Wellington went on to become prime minister of Great Britain and commander-in-chief-for-life of the British Army. Clausewitz went on to author VOM KRIEGE (ON WAR), a seminal and still hotly debated treatise on the theory and philosophy of war. He also became the founder of modern, "scientific" military history, via the work of his disciple, military historian Hans Delbrück. Oddly, Clausewitz's study of the campaign of 1815 was never published in English, and Wellington's once-famous response to it has been strangely but studiously ignored by British military historians since 1914. Hence this book. It contains Wellington's initial battle report; Clausewitz's post-battle letters to his wife Marie; correspondence within Wellington's circle concerning Clausewitz's work; Clausewitz's strategic analysis of the entire campaign (not just the Battle of Waterloo); Wellington's memorandum in response; and enlightening essays by prominent experts on Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Battle of Waterloo. Major General [U.S. Army] David T. Zabecki, Ph.D., writes in the April 2011 edition of The Journal of Military History: "Long overdue, we now have two English translations of [Clausewitz's] The Campaign of 1815 [i.e., Peter Hofschröer's translation of Clausewitz's study and Bassford, Moran, and Pedlow's edition of the full Clausewitz-Wellington exchange]. Either of these volumes would be a welcome addition to the bookshelf of any serious student of military affairs, but On Waterloo: Clausewitz, Wellington, and the Campaign of 1815 is clearly the richer of the two." Napoleonic expert Bruno Colson wrote [in War in History 19(3)] that Pedlow "convincingly resurrects Wellington's ideas and actions, and gives a final and excellent reply to the arguments of Peter Hofschröer, while remaining balanced, recognizing the latter's merits and quoting him courteously. Waterloo 'was neither a British victory nor a Prussian victory; it was an Allied victory, ' says Pedlow (p. 282). For Waterloo enthusiasts, this essay alone justifies buying the book." Noted Clausewitz scholar Jon Sumida (U.Md) writes that "On Waterloo is essential reading for those seeking an understanding of Clausewitz's distinctive approach to historical case study as the basis of practical knowledge of armed conflict. Clausewitz's history of the campaign of 1815 incorporates methods of critical analysis explained in Book II of On War, which were addressed primarily to the observation and assessment of past cases of strategic and operational decision-making by commanders-in chief. The Bassford, Moran, and Pedlow edition provides a highly readable translation of a work previously accessible only in German that illustrates Clausewitz's approach to the replication and evaluation of the experience of high command." The Editors: Christopher Bassford is Professor of Strategy at the National War College, in Washington, DC. Daniel Moran is Professor of National Security Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School, in Monterey, CA. Gregory W. Pedlow is Chief of the Historical Office at NATO's Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), near Mons, Belgium.

On Wellington

Download On Wellington PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806185392
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis On Wellington by : Carl von Clausewitz

Download or read book On Wellington written by Carl von Clausewitz and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2012-10-11 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Battle of Waterloo has been studied and dissected so extensively that one might assume little more on the subject could be discovered. Now historian Peter Hofschröer brings forward a long-repressed commentary written by Carl von Clausewitz, the author of On War. Clausewitz, the Western world’s most renowned military theorist, participated in the Waterloo campaign as a senior staff officer in the Prussian army. His appraisal, offered here in an up-to-date and readable translation, criticized the Duke of Wellington’s actions. Lord Liverpool sent his translation of the manuscript to Wellington, who pronounced it a “lying work.” The translated commentary was quickly buried in Wellington’s private papers, where it languished for a century and a half. Now published for the first time in English, Hofschröer brings Clausewitz’s critique back into view with thorough annotation and contextual explanation. Peter Hofschröer, long recognized as a leading scholar of the Napoleonic Wars, shows how the Duke prevented the account’s publication during his lifetime—a manipulation of history so successful that almost two centuries passed before Clausewitz’s work reemerged, finally permitting a reappraisal of key events in the campaign. In addition to translating and annotating Clausewitz’s critique, Hofschröer also includes an order of battle and an extensive bibliography.

Assaye 1803

Download Assaye 1803 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Osprey Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781846030017
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Assaye 1803 by : Simon Millar

Download or read book Assaye 1803 written by Simon Millar and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 2006-05-30 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wellington said that of all his battles Assaye, fought during the Second Mahratta War (1803-05) in central India, was 'the bloodiest for the numbers that I ever saw'. A small British force, under Major-General the Honourable Arthur Wellesley (as Wellington was then known), crossed into Mahratta territory in March 1803 to restore the Peshwa to his throne - by force if necessary. On September 23, 1803, Wellesley encountered what turned out to be the entire Mahratta army in a strong position on the banks of the Kailna River. The battle, which lasted four hours, witnessed costly infantry and cavalry assaults, but was won by the steadiness of Wellesley's troops and his inspiring leadership.

The Lines of Torres Vedras

Download The Lines of Torres Vedras PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Casemate Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1473852757
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Lines of Torres Vedras by : John Grehan

Download or read book The Lines of Torres Vedras written by John Grehan and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “This is a well-researched, well-written, closely argued and fascinating contribution to the historiography of the Peninsular War.”—The Spectator In 1809 French armies controlled almost every province of Spain and only Wellington’s small force in Portugal stood between Napoleon and the conquest of Iberia. The French invaded Portugal in the summer of 1810, but found their way blocked by the most extensive field fortifications the world had ever seen—the Lines of Torres Vedras. Unable to penetrate the Lines, the French were driven back into Spain having suffered the heaviest defeat yet experienced by Napoleon’s armies. The retreat from Portugal marked the turning point in the Peninsular War and, from the security of the Lines, Wellington was able to mount the offensive campaigns that swept France’s Imperial armies back across the Pyrenees. The Lines of Torres Vedras is an authoritative account of the planning, construction and occupation of the Lines and of the battles, sieges and horrors of the French invasion. It is also an important study of Wellington’s strategy during the crucial years of the war against Napoleon. “Essential reading for every Peninsula enthusiast, this is recommended highly.”—Military Illustrated

Wellington: A Personal History

Download Wellington: A Personal History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : HarperCollins UK
ISBN 13 : 0007406940
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (74 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Wellington: A Personal History by : Christopher Hibbert

Download or read book Wellington: A Personal History written by Christopher Hibbert and published by HarperCollins UK. This book was released on 2010-10-07 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bestseller in hardback, this is a highly-praised and much-needed biography of the first Duke of Wellington, concentrating on the personal life of the victor of Waterloo, and based on the fruits of modern research. Christopher Hibbert is Britain’s leading popular historian.