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Author : Billy Murray McCormac
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Weather and Climate Responses to Solar Variations written by Billy Murray McCormac and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Katja Matthes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9782759818495
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (184 download)
Download or read book Earth's Climate Response to a Changing Sun written by Katja Matthes and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For centuries, scientists have been fascinated by the role of the Sun in the Earth's climate system. Recent discoveries, outlined in this book, have gradually unveiled a complex picture, in which our variable Sun affects the climate variability via a number of subtle pathways, the implications of which are only now becoming clear. This handbook provides the scientifically curious, from undergraduate students to policy makers with a complete and accessible panorama of our present understanding of the Sun-climate connection. 61 experts from different communities have contributed to it, which reflects the highly multidisciplinary nature of this topic. The handbook is organised as a mosaic of short chapters, each of which addresses a specific aspect, and can be read independently. The reader will learn about the assumptions, the data, the models, and the unknowns behind each mechanism by which solar variability may impact climate variability. None of these mechanisms can adequately explain global warming observed since the 1950s. However, several of them do impact climate variability, in particular on a regional level. This handbook aims at addressing these issues in a factual way, and thereby challenge the reader to sharpen his/her critical thinking in a debate that is frequently distorted by unfounded claims.
Author : Joanna D. Haigh
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400866545
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)
Download or read book The Sun's Influence on Climate written by Joanna D. Haigh and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth's climate system depends entirely on the Sun for its energy. Solar radiation warms the atmosphere and is fundamental to atmospheric composition, while the distribution of solar heating across the planet produces global wind patterns and contributes to the formation of clouds, storms, and rainfall. The Sun’s Influence on Climate provides an unparalleled introduction to this vitally important relationship. This accessible primer covers the basic properties of the Earth’s climate system, the structure and behavior of the Sun, and the absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere. It explains how solar activity varies and how these variations affect the Earth’s environment, from long-term paleoclimate effects to century timescales in the context of human-induced climate change, and from signals of the 11-year sunspot cycle to the impacts of solar emissions on space weather in our planet’s upper atmosphere. Written by two of the leading authorities on the subject, The Sun’s Influence on Climate is an essential primer for students and nonspecialists alike.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309051487
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Solar Influences on Global Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are variations in the energy generated by the Sun sufficient to modify the Earth's global environment at levels comparable to expected anthropogenic changes? Debated contentiously for more than a century, this question must now be posed with new urgency: the proper specification of natural global changes is a prerequisite for detecting anthropogenic impacts. Important advances over the past decade in our knowledge of the Sun and of the terrestrial responses to solar variability provides the basis for answering this question with unprecedented surety, but significant uncertainties remain. This book addresses current monitoring and understanding of solar influences on both the climate system and the ozone layer and prioritizes the research effort that will be needed to provide a sound scientific basis for policymaking related to global change issues.
Author : Y. Calisesi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387483411
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (874 download)
Download or read book Solar Variability and Planetary Climates written by Y. Calisesi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-11 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an updated overview of the processes determining the influence of solar forcing on climate. It discusses in particular the most recent developments regarding the role of aerosols in the climate system and the new insights that could be gained from the investigation of terrestrial climate analogues. The book’s structure mirrors that of the ISSI workshop held in Bern in June 2005.
Author : Richard A. Goldberg
Publisher : University Press of the Pacific
ISBN 13 : 9781410221995
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (219 download)
Download or read book Sun, Weather, and Climate written by Richard A. Goldberg and published by University Press of the Pacific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the general field of Sun-weather/climate relationships, that is, apparent weather and climate responses to solar activity, and provides theoretical and experimental suggestions for further research to identify and investigate the unknown causal mechanisms. It is directed to researchers active in the atmospheric and space sciences who wish to expand their background for meeting the challenge of this newly emerging field and to students who desire a general background in the several disciplinary areas of the field. In the 200-year history of Sun-weather studies, a large body of information has accumulated. Even though the reported results have sometimes been confused, disjointed, and contradictory, there has emerged a growing belief that there are connections between changes on the Sun and changes in the lower atmosphere. There is, however, a deplorable lack of acceptable physical mechanisms to explain those probable connections, and this has prevented widespread acceptance of the reality of solar activity effects on the weather and climate. The discovery of viable mechanisms will strengthen the scientific basis of Sun-weather relationships and may lead to improved predictions of weather and climate. It is obvious that improved predictions would have a profound impact on several crucial societal problems, especially in the areas of global food production and utilization of solar energy for man's needs. This book reviews the correlations between solar activity and weather and climate reported in historical and contemporary literature, addresses the physical linking mechanisms, and suggests experimental concepts for future investigations of such mechanisms. It is our intention to fill a gap in the literature by combining a review of the nature and quality of existing correlations with the basic physics underlying the various scientific disciplines required to pursue studies of physical linking mechanisms. We emphasize the multidisciplinary nature of the subject while providing a basic background in each of the various areas thought to play a role in coupling processes. In following this approach, we hope to acquaint meteorologists with solar and geophysical phenomena, solar physicists with terrestrial atmospheric processes, and so on, thereby stimulating the cross fertilization we believe is necessary for further progress in Sun-weather studies.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309102251
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-05 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to a request from Congress, Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years assesses the state of scientific efforts to reconstruct surface temperature records for Earth during approximately the last 2,000 years and the implications of these efforts for our understanding of global climate change. Because widespread, reliable temperature records are available only for the last 150 years, scientists estimate temperatures in the more distant past by analyzing "proxy evidence," which includes tree rings, corals, ocean and lake sediments, cave deposits, ice cores, boreholes, and glaciers. Starting in the late 1990s, scientists began using sophisticated methods to combine proxy evidence from many different locations in an effort to estimate surface temperature changes during the last few hundred to few thousand years. This book is an important resource in helping to understand the intricacies of global climate change.
Author : Ziniu Xiao
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 283254326X
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Impact of Solar Activities on Weather and Climate written by Ziniu Xiao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-22 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence from observations and paleoclimate records suggest that solar outputs, including solar irradiance and energy particles, belong to the fundamental natural forces of the climate system. It is consistent that the variation of solar irradiance on the orbital time scale controls glacial interglacial cycle. However, the contribution of solar output fluctuation due to solar activity to decadal to centennial climate change is still contradictory. The common driving force mechanism is then the key role of solar-climate linking research, and the mechanism of solar forcing and the pathway of amplification could be two key scientific problems in climate research. In recent years, a lot of studies have been done on the effects of solar activity on the climate, based on data analysis by observation/reanalysis or mechanism tracking by modeling. The interannual and decadal solar signals in the regional climate were found and the hypothesis of driving mechanisms was proposed. Meanwhile, the potential contribution of solar variability to the current climate prediction has attracted more and more attention. The purpose of this topic is to collect and reveal new results and new understandings about the impact of solar variability on climate.
Author : E. Friis-Christensen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792367413
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (674 download)
Download or read book Solar Variability and Climate written by E. Friis-Christensen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-12-31 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of an ISSI Workshop, 28 June - 2 July 1999, Bern, Switzerland
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309265649
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On September 8-9, 2011, experts in solar physics, climate models, paleoclimatology, and atmospheric science assembled at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado for a workshop to consider the Sun's variability over time and potential Sun-climate connections. While it does not provide findings, recommendations, or consensus on the current state of the science, The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate: A Workshop Report briefly introduces the primary topics discussed by presenters at the event. As context for these topics, the summary includes background information on the potential Sun-climate connection, the measurement record from space, and potential perturbations of climate due to long-term solar variability. This workshop report also summarizes some of the science questions explored by the participants as potential future research endeavors.
Author : Jiansong Zhou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (841 download)
Download or read book Climate Response to Solar Variation written by Jiansong Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The radiation emitted by the Sun varies both cyclically and secularly. We first study in this thesis the response of the Earth's temperature to the 11-year solar cycle at the surface and in the troposphere. Then we study multi-century long climate response and attribute it to various causes, including the Sun. The solar variation is one of the many factors that cause climate change on Earth. However, the solar cycle response in the atmosphere has not been consistently identified due to its small amplitude compared to other climate variability. A comprehensive study of extracting the solar cycle signal from various global temperature records is presented in this dissertation. Specifically, a clean decadal solar cycle response is proved statistically to exist in the 150-year-long sea surface temperature with the contamination by other climate phenomena quantified small. The existence and the statistical significance of the zonal-mean global temperature response to the 11-year solar cycle are also established throughout the troposphere and parts of the lower stratosphere, which reveals a spatial pattern consistent with a "bottom-up" mechanism that explains the effects of solar forcing on the atmosphere. Evidence is also found that the Sun is not to blame for global warming. These observational findings can be used for calibrating models to improve their ability to make more reliable predictions on Earth's climate change.
Author : John R. Herman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Sun, Weather, and Climate written by John R. Herman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John R. Herman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Sun, Weather, and Climate written by John R. Herman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309060982
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-12-24 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Society today may be more vulnerable to global-scale, long-term, climate change than ever before. Even without any human influence, past records show that climate can be expected to continue to undergo considerable change over decades to centuries. Measures for adaption and mitigation will call for policy decisions based on a sound scientific foundation. Better understanding and prediction of climate variations can be achieved most efficiently through a nationally recognized "dec-cen" science plan. This book articulates the scientific issues that must be addressed to advance us efficiently toward that understanding and outlines the data collection and modeling needed.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133505
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Radiative Forcing of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-03-25 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in climate are driven by natural and human-induced perturbations of the Earth's energy balance. These climate drivers or "forcings" include variations in greenhouse gases, aerosols, land use, and the amount of energy Earth receives from the Sun. Although climate throughout Earth's history has varied from "snowball" conditions with global ice cover to "hothouse" conditions when glaciers all but disappeared, the climate over the past 10,000 years has been remarkably stable and favorable to human civilization. Increasing evidence points to a large human impact on global climate over the past century. The report reviews current knowledge of climate forcings and recommends critical research needed to improve understanding. Whereas emphasis to date has been on how these climate forcings affect global mean temperature, the report finds that regional variation and climate impacts other than temperature deserve increased attention.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309145880
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Advancing the Science of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-10 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.
Author : The Royal Society
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309302021
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Climate Change written by The Royal Society and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change: Evidence and Causes is a jointly produced publication of The US National Academy of Sciences and The Royal Society. Written by a UK-US team of leading climate scientists and reviewed by climate scientists and others, the publication is intended as a brief, readable reference document for decision makers, policy makers, educators, and other individuals seeking authoritative information on the some of the questions that continue to be asked. Climate Change makes clear what is well-established and where understanding is still developing. It echoes and builds upon the long history of climate-related work from both national academies, as well as on the newest climate-change assessment from the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It touches on current areas of active debate and ongoing research, such as the link between ocean heat content and the rate of warming.
