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Author : Gregg J. Lumetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (183 download)
Download or read book Washing and Alkaline Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludges written by Gregg J. Lumetta and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gregg J. Lumetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)
Download or read book Washing and Caustic Leaching of Hanford Tank C-106 Sludge written by Gregg J. Lumetta and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Washing and Caustic Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludges written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Brian M. Rapko
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (568 download)
Download or read book Alkaline Leaching of Key, Non-radioactive Components from Simulants and Hanford Tank Sludge 241-S-110 written by Brian M. Rapko and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Wallace W. Shulz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489915435
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Science and Technology for Disposal of Radioactive Tank Wastes written by Wallace W. Shulz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioactive wastes resulting from over 40 years of production of nuclear weapons in the U. S. are currently stored in 273 underground tanks at the U. S. Department of Energy Hanford site, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Oak Ridge Reservation, and Savannah River site. Combined, tanks at these sjtes contain approximately 94,000,000 gallons of waste in a variety of forms including liquid, concrete-like salt cake, and various sludges. More than 730,000,000 curies of several radioactive isotopes are present in the underground tanks. Certainly, one of the greatest challenges facing the U. S. Department of Energy is how to characterize, retrieve, treat, and immobilize the great variety of tank wastes in a safe, timely, and cost-effective manner. For several years now, the U. S. Department of Energy has initiated and sponsored scientific and engineering studies, tests, and demonstrations to develop the myriad of technologies required to dispose of the radioactive tank wastes. In recent times, much of the Department of Energy R&D activities concerning tank wastes have been closely coordinated and organized through the Tanks Focus Area (IF A); responsibility for technical operations of the TF A has been assigned to the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Download or read book Selective Leaching of Chromium from Hanford Tank Sludge 241-U-108 written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the oxidants permanganate, MnO4-, and peroxynitrite, ONOO-, as selective chromium-leaching agents from washed 241-U-108 tank sludge under varying conditions of hydroxide concentration, temperature, and time. The mass changes and final sludge compositions were evaluated using glass-property models to ascertain the relative impacts of the various oxidative alkaline leach conditions on the amount of borosilicate glass required to immobilize a given amount of washed 241-U-108 Hanford tank sludge. Only permanganate leaching removes sufficient chromium to make the chromium concentration in the oxidatively alkaline leached solids non-limiting. In the absence of added oxidants, continued washing or caustic leaching have no beneficial effects. Peroxynitrite addition reduces the amount of glass required to immobilize a given amount of washed 241-U-108 tank sludge by approximately a factor of two. Depending on the leach conditions and the exact chromium concentration limits, contact with alkaline permanganate solutions reduces the amount of immobilized high-level waste glass by a factor of 10 to 30.
Author : Gregg J. Lumetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (127 download)
Download or read book Washing and Caustic Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludge written by Gregg J. Lumetta and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Brian M. Rapko
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (696 download)
Download or read book The Chemistry of Sludge Washing and Caustic Leaching Processes for Selected Hanford Tank Wastes written by Brian M. Rapko and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Oxidative Dissolution of Chromium from Hanford Tank Sludges Under Alkaline Conditions written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the expected high cost of vitrifying and disposing of high-level waste at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, pretreatment processes are being developed to reduce the anticipated volume of borosilicate glass. Sludge washing and caustic leaching, the baseline sludge pretreatment process, is expected to leach out a substantial portion of the 137Cs, possibly other radionuclides, and a significant portion of such major nonradionuclides as Al or P. The decontaminated solution will be routed to the low-level waste stream, where it will be immobilized in a glass matrix. The leached solids, which will contain the transuranic elements and 9°Sr, will be handled as high-level waste. Previous studies indicate that poor removal of chromium in the +3 oxidation state [Cr(III)] occurs during baseline pretreatment. Because the concentration of Cr allowed in high level waste glass is low, a relatively small amount of Cr in the sludge can have a relatively large impact on the volume of high level waste glass produced. For this reason, additional leach steps to remove Cr would be desirable, and oxidative alkaline leaching has been proposed as a simple addition to the baseline sludge pretreatment. This report describes small-scale screening tests on the oxidative alkaline leaching of Cr performed with actual Hanford tank sludges.
Author : Gregg J. Lumetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (853 download)
Download or read book Washing and Caustic Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludges written by Gregg J. Lumetta and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gregg J. Lumetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book Washing and Caustic Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludge written by Gregg J. Lumetta and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Process Development for Permanganate Addition During Oxidative Leaching of Hanford Tanks Sludges written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous Bechtel National, Incorporated (BNI)-sponsored studies have targeted optimizing sodium permanganate for the selective oxidation of chromium from washed Hanford tank sludges (Rapko et al. 2004; Rapko et al. 2005). The recommendation from previous work was that contact with sodium permanganate in a minimally caustic solution, i.e., 0.1 to 0.25 M [OH-] initially, provided maximum Cr dissolution while minimizing concomitant Pu dissolution. At the request of BNI, further work on oxidative alkaline leaching was performed.
Author : Brian M. Rapko
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (577 download)
Download or read book Washing and Caustic Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludges written by Brian M. Rapko and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (853 download)
Download or read book Washing and Caustic Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludges written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 726 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Antifoam Agent on Oxidative Leaching of Hanford Tank Sludge Simulants written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative leaching of simulant tank waste containing an antifoam agent (AFA) to reduce the chromium content of the sludge was tested using permanganate as the oxidant in 0.25 M NaOH solutions. AFA is added to the waste treatment process to prevent foaming. The AFA, Dow Corning Q2-3183A, is a surface-active polymer that consists of polypropylene glycol, polydimethylsiloxane, octylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, treated silica, and polyether polyol. Some of the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) waste slurries contain high concentrations of undissolved solids that would exhibit undesirable behavior without AFA addition. These tests were conducted to determine the effect of the AFA on oxidative leaching of Cr(III) in waste by permanganate. It has not previously been determined what effect AFA has on the permanganate reaction. This study was conducted to determine the effect AFA has on the oxidation of the chromium, plus plutonium and other criticality-related elements, specifically Fe, Ni and Mn. During the oxidative leaching process, Mn is added as liquid permanganate solution and is converted to an insoluble solid that precipitates as MnO2 and becomes part of the solid waste. Caustic leaching was performed followed by an oxidative leach at either 25°C or 45°C. Samples of the leachate and solids were collected at each step of the process. Initially, Battelle-Pacific Northwest Division (PNWD) was contracted by Bechtel National, Inc. to perform these further scoping studies on oxidative alkaline leaching. The data obtained from the testing will be used by the WTP operations to develop procedures for permanganate dosing of Hanford tank sludge solids during oxidative leaching. Work was initially conducted under contract number 24590-101-TSA-W000-00004. In February 2007, the contract mechanism was switched to Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) operating Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. In summary, this report describes work focused on determining the effect of AFA on chromium oxidation by permanganate with Hanford sludge simulant.
Author : Robert Noyes
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0080946194
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Nuclear Waste Cleanup Technologies and Opportunities written by Robert Noyes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the largest, most complicated and expensive environmental problems in the United States is the cleanup of nuclear wastes. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has approximately 4,000 contaminated sites covering tens of thousands of acres and replete with contaminated hazardous or radioactive waste, soil, or structures. In addition to high-level waste, it has more than 250,000 cubic meters of transuranic waste and millions of cubic meters of low-level radio-active waste. In addition, DOE is responsible for thousands of facilities awaiting decontamination, decommissioning, and dismantling. DOE and its predecessors have been involved in the management of radioactive wastes since 1943, when such wastes were first generated in significant quantities as by-products of nuclear weapons production. Waste connected with DOE's nuclear weapons complex has been accumulating as a result of various operations spanning over five decades. The cost estimates for nuclear waste cleanup in the United States have been rapidly rising. It has recently been estimated to be in a range from $200 to $350 billion. Costs could vary considerably based on future philosophies as to whether to isolate certain sites (the ""iron fence"" philosophy), or clean them up to a pristine condition (the ""greenfields"" philosophy). Funding will also be based on Congressional action that may reduce environmental cleanup, based on budget considerations.
