Voting And Collective Decision Making

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Collective Decisions and Voting

Author : Nicolaus Tideman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351950622
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Collective Decisions and Voting by : Nicolaus Tideman

Download or read book Collective Decisions and Voting written by Nicolaus Tideman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When one thinks about how collective decisions are made, voting is the method that comes naturally to mind. But other methods such as random process and consensus are also used. This book explores just what a collective decision is, classifies the methods of making collective decisions, and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Classification is the prelude to evaluation. What are the characteristics of a method of making collective decisions, the book asks, that permit us to describe a collective decision as good? The second part of the book is detailed exploration of voting: the dimensions in which voting situations differ, the origins and logic of majority rule, the frequency of cycles in voting, the Arrow and Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorems, criteria for ways of cutting through cycles and the application of these criteria to a variety of rules, voting over continuums, proportional representation, and voting rules that take account of intensities of preferences. Relatively unknown methods of voting give voting a much greater potential than is generally recognized. Collective Decisions and Voting is essential reading for everyone with an interest in voting theory and in how public choices might be made.

Voting and Collective Decision-Making

Author : Annick Laruelle
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139474294
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Voting and Collective Decision-Making by : Annick Laruelle

Download or read book Voting and Collective Decision-Making written by Annick Laruelle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-11 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every day thousands of decisions are made by all kinds of committees, parliaments, councils and boards by a 'yes-no' voting process. Sometimes a committee can only accept or reject the proposals submitted to it for a decision. On other occasions, committee members have the possibility of modifying the proposal and bargaining an agreement prior to the vote. In either case, what rule should be used if each member acts on behalf of a different-sized group? It seems intuitively clear that if the groups are of different sizes then a symmetric rule (e.g. the simple majority or unanimity) is not suitable. The question then arises of what voting rule should be used. Voting and Collective Decision-Making addresses this and other issues through a study of the theory of bargaining and voting power, showing how it applies to real decision-making contexts.

Democratic Decision-making

Author : Peter Emerson
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030528081
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Democratic Decision-making by : Peter Emerson

Download or read book Democratic Decision-making written by Peter Emerson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-22 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a practical guide to how groups of people, everywhere, from the local village council to the United Nations Security Council, can best make collective decisions. By comparing the many voting procedures used in democratic decision-making, it explains why win-or-lose binary voting can be inaccurate and divisive, while the more inclusive preferential points system of voting can be so much more accurate and, therefore, more democratic; indeed, it is a win-win methodology. The text, essential reading for anyone interested in fair and participatory collective decision-making, also compares the most common electoral systems.

Democratic Reason

Author : Hélène Landemore
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691176396
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Democratic Reason by : Hélène Landemore

Download or read book Democratic Reason written by Hélène Landemore and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individual decision making can often be wrong due to misinformation, impulses, or biases. Collective decision making, on the other hand, can be surprisingly accurate. In Democratic Reason, Hélène Landemore demonstrates that the very factors behind the superiority of collective decision making add up to a strong case for democracy. She shows that the processes and procedures of democratic decision making form a cognitive system that ensures that decisions taken by the many are more likely to be right than decisions taken by the few. Democracy as a form of government is therefore valuable not only because it is legitimate and just, but also because it is smart. Landemore considers how the argument plays out with respect to two main mechanisms of democratic politics: inclusive deliberation and majority rule. In deliberative settings, the truth-tracking properties of deliberation are enhanced more by inclusiveness than by individual competence. Landemore explores this idea in the contexts of representative democracy and the selection of representatives. She also discusses several models for the "wisdom of crowds" channeled by majority rule, examining the trade-offs between inclusiveness and individual competence in voting. When inclusive deliberation and majority rule are combined, they beat less inclusive methods, in which one person or a small group decide. Democratic Reason thus establishes the superiority of democracy as a way of making decisions for the common good.

Handbook of Group Decision and Negotiation

Author : D. Marc Kilgour
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048190975
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Group Decision and Negotiation by : D. Marc Kilgour

Download or read book Handbook of Group Decision and Negotiation written by D. Marc Kilgour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-02 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publication of the Handbook of Group Decision and Negotiation marks a milestone in the evolution of the group decision and negotiation (GDN) eld. On this occasion, editors Colin Eden and Marc Kilgour asked me to write a brief history of the eld to provide background and context for the volume. They said that I am in a good position to do so: Actively involved in creating the GDN Section and serving as its chair; founding and leading the GDN journal, Group Decision and Negotiation as editor-in-chief, and the book series, “Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation” as editor; and serving as general chair of the GDN annual meetings. I accepted their invitation to write a brief history. In 1989 what is now the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) established its Section on Group Decision and Negotiation. The journal Group Decision and Negotiation was founded in 1992, published by Springer in cooperation with INFORMS and the GDN Section. In 2003, as an ext- sion of the journal, the Springer book series, “Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation” was inaugurated.

The Origins of Collective Decision Making

Author : Andy Blunden
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004319638
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Collective Decision Making by : Andy Blunden

Download or read book The Origins of Collective Decision Making written by Andy Blunden and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Origins of Collective Decision Making, Andy Blunden identifies three paradigms of collective decision making – Counsel, Majority and Consensus, discovers their origins in traditional, medieval and modern times, and traces their evolution over centuries up to the present. The study reveals that these three paradigms have an ethical foundation, deeply rooted in historical experiences. The narrative takes the reader into the very moments when individual leaders and organisers made the crucial developments in white heat of critical moments in history, such as the English Revolution of the 1640s, the Chartist Movement of the 1840s and the early Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. This history provides a valuable resource for resolving current social movement conflict over decision making.

The Ethics of Voting

Author : Jason Brennan
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400842093
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Voting by : Jason Brennan

Download or read book The Ethics of Voting written by Jason Brennan and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-29 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nothing is more integral to democracy than voting. Most people believe that every citizen has the civic duty or moral obligation to vote, that any sincere vote is morally acceptable, and that buying, selling, or trading votes is inherently wrong. In this provocative book, Jason Brennan challenges our fundamental assumptions about voting, revealing why it is not a duty for most citizens--in fact, he argues, many people owe it to the rest of us not to vote. Bad choices at the polls can result in unjust laws, needless wars, and calamitous economic policies. Brennan shows why voters have duties to make informed decisions in the voting booth, to base their decisions on sound evidence for what will create the best possible policies, and to promote the common good rather than their own self-interest. They must vote well--or not vote at all. Brennan explains why voting is not necessarily the best way for citizens to exercise their civic duty, and why some citizens need to stay away from the polls to protect the democratic process from their uninformed, irrational, or immoral votes. In a democracy, every citizen has the right to vote. This book reveals why sometimes it's best if they don't. In a new afterword, "How to Vote Well," Brennan provides a practical guidebook for making well-informed, well-reasoned choices at the polls.

Social Choice and Democratic Values

Author : Eerik Lagerspetz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319232614
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Choice and Democratic Values by : Eerik Lagerspetz

Download or read book Social Choice and Democratic Values written by Eerik Lagerspetz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview and critique of the most important political and philosophical interpretations of the basic results of social choice, assessing their plausibility and seeking to identify the links between the theory of social choice and the more traditional issues of political theory and philosophy. In this regard, the author eschews a strong methodological commitment or technical formalism; the approach is instead based on the presentation of political facts and illustrated via numerous real-life examples. This allows the reader to get acquainted with the philosophical and political dispute surrounding voting and collective decision-making and its links to social choice theory.

Democracy for Realists

Author : Christopher H. Achen
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400888743
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy for Realists by : Christopher H. Achen

Download or read book Democracy for Realists written by Christopher H. Achen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why our belief in government by the people is unrealistic—and what we can do about it Democracy for Realists assails the romantic folk-theory at the heart of contemporary thinking about democratic politics and government, and offers a provocative alternative view grounded in the actual human nature of democratic citizens. Christopher Achen and Larry Bartels deploy a wealth of social-scientific evidence, including ingenious original analyses of topics ranging from abortion politics and budget deficits to the Great Depression and shark attacks, to show that the familiar ideal of thoughtful citizens steering the ship of state from the voting booth is fundamentally misguided. They demonstrate that voters—even those who are well informed and politically engaged—mostly choose parties and candidates on the basis of social identities and partisan loyalties, not political issues. They also show that voters adjust their policy views and even their perceptions of basic matters of fact to match those loyalties. When parties are roughly evenly matched, elections often turn on irrelevant or misleading considerations such as economic spurts or downturns beyond the incumbents' control; the outcomes are essentially random. Thus, voters do not control the course of public policy, even indirectly. Achen and Bartels argue that democratic theory needs to be founded on identity groups and political parties, not on the preferences of individual voters. Now with new analysis of the 2016 elections, Democracy for Realists provides a powerful challenge to conventional thinking, pointing the way toward a fundamentally different understanding of the realities and potential of democratic government.

Collective Preference and Choice

Author : Shmuel Nitzan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521897254
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Collective Preference and Choice by : Shmuel Nitzan

Download or read book Collective Preference and Choice written by Shmuel Nitzan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the classical aggregation problems that arise in social choice theory, voting theory, and group decision-making under uncertainty.

Positive Political Theory I

Author : David Austen-Smith
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 9780472087211
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Positive Political Theory I by : David Austen-Smith

Download or read book Positive Political Theory I written by David Austen-Smith and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2000-12-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A definitive, comprehensive, and analytically sophisticated treatment of the theory of collective preference

Comprehensive Geographic Information Systems

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128047933
Total Pages : 1488 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Geographic Information Systems by :

Download or read book Comprehensive Geographic Information Systems written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-07-21 with total page 1488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geographical Information Systems, Three Volume Set is a computer system used to capture, store, analyze and display information related to positions on the Earth’s surface. It has the ability to show multiple types of information on multiple geographical locations in a single map, enabling users to assess patterns and relationships between different information points, a crucial component for multiple aspects of modern life and industry. This 3-volumes reference provides an up-to date account of this growing discipline through in-depth reviews authored by leading experts in the field. VOLUME EDITORS Thomas J. Cova The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States Ming-Hsiang Tsou San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States Georg Bareth University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Chunqiao Song University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States Yan Song University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States Kai Cao National University of Singapore, Singapore Elisabete A. Silva University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Covers a rapidly expanding discipline, providing readers with a detailed overview of all aspects of geographic information systems, principles and applications Emphasizes the practical, socioeconomic applications of GIS Provides readers with a reliable, one-stop comprehensive guide, saving them time in searching for the information they need from different sources

The Costs of Coalition

Author : Carol Mershon
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804740838
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis The Costs of Coalition by : Carol Mershon

Download or read book The Costs of Coalition written by Carol Mershon and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to understand and explain who governs, and for how long, under the institution of parliamentary democracy. In the process, it investigates the nature of political scientists' knowledge of coalitional behavior and how to advance it.

American Government 3e

Author : Glen Krutz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781738998470
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (984 download)

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Book Synopsis American Government 3e by : Glen Krutz

Download or read book American Government 3e written by Glen Krutz and published by . This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black & white print. American Government 3e aligns with the topics and objectives of many government courses. Faculty involved in the project have endeavored to make government workings, issues, debates, and impacts meaningful and memorable to students while maintaining the conceptual coverage and rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from the fundamental principles of institutional design at the founding, to avenues of political participation, to thorough coverage of the political structures that constitute American government. The book builds upon what students have already learned and emphasizes connections between topics as well as between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses, future careers, and as engaged citizens. In order to help students understand the ways that government, society, and individuals interconnect, the revision includes more examples and details regarding the lived experiences of diverse groups and communities within the United States. The authors and reviewers sought to strike a balance between confronting the negative and harmful elements of American government, history, and current events, while demonstrating progress in overcoming them. In doing so, the approach seeks to provide instructors with ample opportunities to open discussions, extend and update concepts, and drive deeper engagement.

Collective Decision Making in Rural Japan

Author : Robert Marshall
Publisher : U of M Center For Japanese Studies
ISBN 13 : 0939512173
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Collective Decision Making in Rural Japan by : Robert Marshall

Download or read book Collective Decision Making in Rural Japan written by Robert Marshall and published by U of M Center For Japanese Studies. This book was released on 1984-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is a result of three continuous years of fieldwork in a hamlet in rural Japan. The data presented and analyzed here consist of records from participant observation, formal and informal interviews, casual conversation and formal questionnaires, and public and private documents. The subject of this research is group decision making, and the results of this process are, after all, a matter of public record. The major conclusions of this study are outlined in their simplest and most straightforward form. A hamlet is fundamentally a nexus for the organization of productive exchange among member households, the form of exchange through which two or more parties actively combine their resources to produce something of value not available, or as cheaply available, to any of them separately. Defection from productive exchange agreements by hamlet members is reduced by making access to future valuable transactions and corporate property contingent upon the integrity of each current exchange transaction. This method of combining a common interest in production with contingent access to productive resources is termed mutual investment and is the major source of consensus in hamlet decision making. When only cooperate resources are at issue, decisions regularly result in unanimity. When a course of action can be implemented only if hamlet members relinquish control over individually held resources, a division will emerge among the membership. Whether or not a formal vote is taken, the distribution of differing opinion will be known through more informal means of communication. In all cases of division, by the time the course of action to be implemented is formally announced, the minority in opposition will be extremely small. The question then must be resolved whether those in the minority will participate in the implementation or resign as hamlet members. This book is written with two rather disparate audiences in mind: readers interested primarily in exchange and decision-making phenomenon, on the one hand, and readers interested primarily in the unity of experience represented by the Japanese sensibility, on the other.

The Behavioral and Social Sciences

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309037492
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Behavioral and Social Sciences by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Behavioral and Social Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.

Special Interest Politics

Author : Gene M. Grossman
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262571678
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (716 download)

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Book Synopsis Special Interest Politics by : Gene M. Grossman

Download or read book Special Interest Politics written by Gene M. Grossman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the role that special interest groups play in modern democratic politics.