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Virtual Sound Localization Using Head Related Transfer Functions Modified In The Spectral Modulation Frequency Domain
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Book Synopsis Virtual Sound Localization Using Head Related Transfer Functions Modified in the Spectral Modulation Frequency Domain by :
Download or read book Virtual Sound Localization Using Head Related Transfer Functions Modified in the Spectral Modulation Frequency Domain written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound localization cues generally include interaural time difference (ITD), interaural intensity difference (IID) and spectral cues. The purpose of this study is to investigate the important spectral cues involved in so-called head related transfer functions (HRTFs) using a combination of HRTF analyses and a virtual sound localization (VSL) experiment. One of the advantages of VSL is that it allows one to manipulate different cues systematically, and sound stimuli used in VSL can be synthesized in a well controlled way. Previous investigations have shown that HRTFs vary greatly among different subjects and that performance in VSL tasks using randomly selected, non-individualized HRTFs is considerably worse than performance with individualized HRTFs. An efficient procedure for HRTF customization and subject training in a VSL task were developed in the present study to improve the VSL performance using non-individualized HRTFs. The HRTF customization procedure combined both subjective and objective evaluation methods. The overall virtual localization accuracy (in the baseline condition) of all of our subjects was higher than that reported by studies using non-individualized HRTFs. The individually customized HRTFs were used for further investigation of the spectral cues in sound localization. Previous psychoacoustical and physiological studies have both suggested the existence of spectral modulation frequency (SMF) channels for analyzing spectral information (e.g. the spectral cues coded in HRTFs). SMFs are in a domain related to the Fourier transform of HRTFs. The relationship between various SMF regions and sound localization was tested here by filtering or enhancing HRTFs in the SMF domain under a series of conditions using a VSL experiment. Present VSL results revealed that azimuth localization was not significantly affected by HRTF manipulation. Applying notch filters between 0.1 and 0.4 cycles/octave or between 0.35 and 0.65 cycles/octave resulted in significantly less accurate elevation responses at low elevations, while spectral enhancement in these two SMF regions did not produce a significant change in sound localization. Likewise, lowpass filtering at 2 cycles/octave did not significantly influence localization accuracy, suggesting that the major cues for sound localization are in the SMF region below 2 cycles/octave. Together, these results highlight the relationship between SMF region and sound localization in the vertical plane. These results also confirm and extend previous attempts at optimizing the use of non-individualized HRTFs in VSL. Knowledge of the influence of manipulations in the SMF domain on sound localization has implications for the application of various signal processing algorithms and models of monaural and binaural hearing.
Book Synopsis Head-Related Transfer Function and Acoustic Virtual Reality by : Kazuhiro Iida
Download or read book Head-Related Transfer Function and Acoustic Virtual Reality written by Kazuhiro Iida and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers all aspects of head-related transfer function (HRTF), from the fundamentals through to the latest applications, such as 3D sound systems. An introductory chapter defines HRTF, describes the coordinate system used in the book, and presents the most recent research achievements in the field. HRTF and sound localization in the horizontal and median planes are then explained, followed by discussion of individual differences in HRTF, solutions to this individuality (personalization of HRTF), and methods of sound image control for an arbitrary 3D direction, encompassing both classic theory and state of the art data. The relations between HRTF and sound image distance and between HRTF and speech intelligibility are fully explored, and measurement and signal processing methods for HRTF are examined in depth. Here, supplementary material is provided to enable readers to measure and analyze HRTF by themselves. In addition, some typical HRTF databases are compared. The final two chapters are devoted to the principles and applications of acoustic virtual reality. This clearly written book will be ideal for all who wish to learn about HRTF and how to use it in their research.
Book Synopsis Virtual Auditory Space by : Simon Carlile
Download or read book Virtual Auditory Space written by Simon Carlile and published by Landes Bioscience. This book was released on 1996 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Efficient Implementation of Head-related Transfer Functions for Auditory Virtual Reality by : Gregory C. White
Download or read book Efficient Implementation of Head-related Transfer Functions for Auditory Virtual Reality written by Gregory C. White and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America by : Acoustical Society of America
Download or read book The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America written by Acoustical Society of America and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Sound Localization by : Pawel Strumillo
Download or read book Advances in Sound Localization written by Pawel Strumillo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-04-11 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound source localization is an important research field that has attracted researchers' efforts from many technical and biomedical sciences. Sound source localization (SSL) is defined as the determination of the direction from a receiver, but also includes the distance from it. Because of the wave nature of sound propagation, phenomena such as refraction, diffraction, diffusion, reflection, reverberation and interference occur. The wide spectrum of sound frequencies that range from infrasounds through acoustic sounds to ultrasounds, also introduces difficulties, as different spectrum components have different penetration properties through the medium. Consequently, SSL is a complex computation problem and development of robust sound localization techniques calls for different approaches, including multisensor schemes, null-steering beamforming and time-difference arrival techniques. The book offers a rich source of valuable material on advances on SSL techniques and their applications that should appeal to researches representing diverse engineering and scientific disciplines.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 3-D Sound for Virtual Reality and Multimedia by : Durand R. Begault
Download or read book 3-D Sound for Virtual Reality and Multimedia written by Durand R. Begault and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 3D Sound Synthesis Using the Head Related Transfer Function by :
Download or read book 3D Sound Synthesis Using the Head Related Transfer Function written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three-dimensional (3D) sound is a significant component of virtual reality. 3D sound systems or directional sound systems are designed to animate the sound space produced by real sound sources. In this thesis, basic concepts of 3D sound are introduced. The Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) are analyzed in both the time and frequency domain. A 3D sound system is implemented using practical, measured HRTF data.
Book Synopsis Virtual Audio Localization with Simulated Early Reflections and Generalized Head-related Transfer Functions by : Darrin Kiyoshi Reed
Download or read book Virtual Audio Localization with Simulated Early Reflections and Generalized Head-related Transfer Functions written by Darrin Kiyoshi Reed and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a natural sonic environment a listener is accustomed to hearing reflections and reverberation. It is conceived that early reflections could reduce front-back confusion in synthetic 3-D audio. This thesis describes experiments which seek to determine whether or not simulated reflections can reduce front-back confusions for audio presented with non-individualized head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) via headphones. To measure the contribution of the reflections, 13 human subjects participated in localization experiments which compared their localization ability with anechoic HRTF processing versus HRTF processing with a single early-reflection. The results were highly subject dependent; some showed improvement while others seemed to be inhibited by the reflections. Statistical analysis of the overall results concluded that a single reflection does not provide a significant difference in localization ability. Although this data rejects the hypothesis of this investigation, some suspicion regarding the contribution of lateral reflections in an auditory environment remains.
Download or read book HRTFs in Human Localization written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Virtual Acoustics and 3-D Sound in Multimedia Signal Processing by : Jyri Huopaniemi
Download or read book Virtual Acoustics and 3-D Sound in Multimedia Signal Processing written by Jyri Huopaniemi and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Principles and Applications of Spatial Hearing by : Yôiti Suzuki
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Spatial Hearing written by Yôiti Suzuki and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 2011 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Section 3. Capturing and controlling the spatial sound field. A study on 3D sound image control by two loudspeakers located in the transverse plane / K. Iida, T. Ishii, and Y. Ishii. Selective listening point audio based on blind signal separation and 3D audio effect / T. Nishino [und weitere]. Selective listening point audio based on blind signal separation and 3D audio effect / T. Nishino. Sweet spot size in virtual sound reproduction : A temporal analysis / Y. Lacouture Parodi and P. Rubak. Psychoacoustic evaluation of different methods for creating individualized, headphone-presented virtual auditory space from B-format room impulse responses / A. Kan, C. Jin, and A. van Schaik. Effects of microphone arrangements on the accuracy of a spherical microphone array (SENZI) in acquiring high-definition 3D sound space information / J. Kodama [und weitere]. Perception-based reproduction of spatial sound with directional audio coding / V. Pulkki [und weitere]. Capturing and recreating auditory virtual reality / R. Duraiswami [und weitere]. Reconstructing sound source directivity in virtual acoustic environments / M. Noisternig, F. Zotter, and B.F.G. Katz. Implementation of real-time room auralization using a surrounding loudspeaker array / T. Okamoto [und weitere]. Spatialisation in audio augmented reality using finger snaps / H. Gamper and T. Lokki. Generation of sound ball : Its theory and implementation / Y.-H. Kim [und weitere]. Estimation of high-resolution sound properties for realizing an editable sound-space system / T. Okamoto, Y. Iwaya, and Y. Suzuki -- Section 4. Applying virtual sound techniques in the real world. Binaural hearing assistance system based on frequency domain binaural model / T. Usagawa and Y. Chisaki. A spatial auditory display for telematic music performances / J. Braasch [und weitere]. Auditory orientation training system developed for blind people using PC-based wide-range 3-D sound technology / Y. Seki [und weitere]. Mapping musical scales onto virtual 3D spaces / J. Villegas and M. Cohen. Sonifying head-related transfer unctions / D. Cabrera and W.L. Martens. Effects of spatial cues on detectability of alarm signals in noisy environments / N. Kuroda [und weitere]. Binaural technique for active noise control assessment / Y. Watanabe and H. Hamada
Book Synopsis Binaural Hearing by : Ruth Y. Litovsky
Download or read book Binaural Hearing written by Ruth Y. Litovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of Binaural Hearing involves studies of auditory perception, physiology, and modeling, including normal and abnormal aspects of the system. Binaural processes involved in both sound localization and speech unmasking have gained a broader interest and have received growing attention in the published literature. The field has undergone some significant changes. There is now a much richer understanding of the many aspects that comprising binaural processing, its role in development, and in success and limitations of hearing-aid and cochlear-implant users. The goal of this volume is to provide an up-to-date reference on the developments and novel ideas in the field of binaural hearing. The primary readership for the volume is expected to be academic specialists in the diverse fields that connect with psychoacoustics, neuroscience, engineering, psychology, audiology, and cochlear implants. This volume will serve as an important resource by way of introduction to the field, in particular for graduate students, postdoctoral scholars, the faculty who train them and clinicians.
Download or read book Ambisonics written by Franz Zotter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides a concise explanation of the fundamentals and background of the surround sound recording and playback technology Ambisonics. It equips readers with the psychoacoustical, signal processing, acoustical, and mathematical knowledge needed to understand the inner workings of modern processing utilities, special equipment for recording, manipulation, and reproduction in the higher-order Ambisonic format. The book comes with various practical examples based on free software tools and open scientific data for reproducible research. The book’s introductory section offers a perspective on Ambisonics spanning from the origins of coincident recordings in the 1930s to the Ambisonic concepts of the 1970s, as well as classical ways of applying Ambisonics in first-order coincident sound scene recording and reproduction that have been practiced since the 1980s. As, from time to time, the underlying mathematics become quite involved, but should be comprehensive without sacrificing readability, the book includes an extensive mathematical appendix. The book offers readers a deeper understanding of Ambisonic technologies, and will especially benefit scientists, audio-system and audio-recording engineers. In the advanced sections of the book, fundamentals and modern techniques as higher-order Ambisonic decoding, 3D audio effects, and higher-order recording are explained. Those techniques are shown to be suitable to supply audience areas ranging from studio-sized to hundreds of listeners, or headphone-based playback, regardless whether it is live, interactive, or studio-produced 3D audio material.
Book Synopsis Hearing Loss by : National Research Council
Download or read book Hearing Loss written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-12-17 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss.
Book Synopsis Virtual Reality by : National Research Council
Download or read book Virtual Reality written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-01-13 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite widespread interest in virtual reality, research and development efforts in synthetic environments (SE)â€"the field encompassing virtual environments, teleoperation, and hybridsâ€"have remained fragmented. Virtual Reality is the first integrated treatment of the topic, presenting current knowledge along with thought-provoking vignettes about a future where SE is commonplace. This volume discusses all aspects of creating a system that will allow human operators to see, hear, smell, taste, move about, give commands, respond to conditions, and manipulate objects effectively in a real or virtual environment. The committee of computer scientists, engineers, and psychologists on the leading edge of SE development explores the potential applications of SE in the areas of manufacturing, medicine, education, training, scientific visualization, and teleoperation in hazardous environments. The committee also offers recommendations for development of improved SE technology, needed studies of human behavior and evaluation of SE systems, and government policy and infrastructure.
