Viral Infections And Global Change

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Viral Infections and Global Change

Author : Sunit Kumar Singh
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118297520
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Viral Infections and Global Change by : Sunit Kumar Singh

Download or read book Viral Infections and Global Change written by Sunit Kumar Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely exploration of the impact of global change on theemergence, reemergence, and control of vector-borne and zoonoticviral infections From massively destructive "superstorms" to rapidly rising sealevels, the world media is abuzz with talk of the threats tocivilization posed by global warming. But one hazard that is rarelydiscussed is the dramatic rise in the number and magnitude oftropical virus outbreaks among human populations. One need onlyconsider recent developments, such as the spread of chikungunyaacross southern Europe and dengue in Singapore, Brazil, and thesouthern United States, to appreciate the seriousness of thatthreat. Representing a major addition to the world literature on thesubject, Viral Infections and GlobalChange explores trends of paramount concern globally,regarding the emergence and reemergence of vector-borne andzoonotic viruses. It also provides up-to-date coverage of both theclinical aspects and basic science behind an array of specificemerging and reemerging infections, including everything from WestNile fever and Rift Valley fever to zoonotic hepatitis E and humanbunyavirus. Important topics covered include: ulstyle="line-height: 25px; margin-left: 15px; margin-top: 0px; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13.333333969116211px;" Epidemiology, molecular pathogenesis, and evolutionarymechanisms Host-pathogen interactions in an array of viral infections The impact of climate change on historical viral outbreaks The roles of socioeconomics, human behavior, and animal andhuman migrations The growing prevalence of drug and pesticide resistance The introduction of microbes and vectors through increasedtransboundary travel Spillover transmissions and the emergence of viraloutbreaks Detecting and responding to threats from bioterrorism andemerging viral infections Predictive modeling for emerging viral infections Viral Infections and Global Change is anindispensable resource for research scientists, epidemiologists,and medical and veterinary students working in ecology,environmental management, climatology, neurovirology, virology, andinfectious disease.

Under the Weather

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309072786
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Under the Weather by : National Research Council

Download or read book Under the Weather written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-29 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dawn of medical science, people have recognized connections between a change in the weather and the appearance of epidemic disease. With today's technology, some hope that it will be possible to build models for predicting the emergence and spread of many infectious diseases based on climate and weather forecasts. However, separating the effects of climate from other effects presents a tremendous scientific challenge. Can we use climate and weather forecasts to predict infectious disease outbreaks? Can the field of public health advance from "surveillance and response" to "prediction and prevention?" And perhaps the most important question of all: Can we predict how global warming will affect the emergence and transmission of infectious disease agents around the world? Under the Weather evaluates our current understanding of the linkages among climate, ecosystems, and infectious disease; it then goes a step further and outlines the research needed to improve our understanding of these linkages. The book also examines the potential for using climate forecasts and ecological observations to help predict infectious disease outbreaks, identifies the necessary components for an epidemic early warning system, and reviews lessons learned from the use of climate forecasts in other realms of human activity.

Viral Infections of Humans

Author : Alfred S. Evans
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468447270
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Viral Infections of Humans by : Alfred S. Evans

Download or read book Viral Infections of Humans written by Alfred S. Evans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: also occurs. New outbreaks of yellow fever have occurred in Colombia and Trinidad and new outbreaks of rift valley fever have occurred in Egypt. Chapter 6, Arenaviruses: The biochemical and physical properties have now been clar ified, and they show a remarkable uniformity in the various viruses constituting the group. The possibility that prenatal infection with LCM may result in hydrocephalus and chorioretinitis has been raised. Serologic surveys have suggested the existence of Lassa virus infection in Guinea, Central African Empire, Mali, Senegal, Cameroon, and Benin, in addition to earlier identification in Nigeria, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Chapter 7, Coronaviruses: New studies have confirmed the important role of these viruses in common respiratory illnesses of children and adults. The viruses are now known to contain a single positive strand of RNA. About 50% of corona virus infections result in clinical illness. About 5% of common colds are caused by strain DC 43 in winter. Chapter 8, Cytomegalovirus: Sections on pathogenesis of CMV in relation to organ transplantation and mononucleosis, as well as sections on the risk and features of con genital infection and disease, have been expanded. There are encouraging preliminary results with a live CMV vaccine, but the questions of viral persistence and oncogenicity require further evaluation.

Emerging Viral Diseases

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309314003
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Viral Diseases by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Emerging Viral Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-03-19 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past half century, deadly disease outbreaks caused by novel viruses of animal origin - Nipah virus in Malaysia, Hendra virus in Australia, Hantavirus in the United States, Ebola virus in Africa, along with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), several influenza subtypes, and the SARS (sudden acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) coronaviruses - have underscored the urgency of understanding factors influencing viral disease emergence and spread. Emerging Viral Diseases is the summary of a public workshop hosted in March 2014 to examine factors driving the appearance, establishment, and spread of emerging, re-emerging and novel viral diseases; the global health and economic impacts of recently emerging and novel viral diseases in humans; and the scientific and policy approaches to improving domestic and international capacity to detect and respond to global outbreaks of infectious disease. This report is a record of the presentations and discussion of the event.

Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309377595
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-21 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathogens transmitted among humans, animals, or plants by insects and arthropod vectors have been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout recorded history. Such vector-borne diseases â€" including malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and plague â€" together accounted for more human disease and death in the 17th through early 20th centuries than all other causes combined. Over the past three decades, previously controlled vector-borne diseases have resurged or reemerged in new geographic locations, and several newly identified pathogens and vectors have triggered disease outbreaks in plants and animals, including humans. Domestic and international capabilities to detect, identify, and effectively respond to vector-borne diseases are limited. Few vaccines have been developed against vector-borne pathogens. At the same time, drug resistance has developed in vector-borne pathogens while their vectors are increasingly resistant to insecticide controls. Furthermore, the ranks of scientists trained to conduct research in key fields including medical entomology, vector ecology, and tropical medicine have dwindled, threatening prospects for addressing vector-borne diseases now and in the future. In June 2007, as these circumstances became alarmingly apparent, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a workshop to explore the dynamic relationships among host, pathogen(s), vector(s), and ecosystems that characterize vector-borne diseases. Revisiting this topic in September 2014, the Forum organized a workshop to examine trends and patterns in the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in an increasingly interconnected and ecologically disturbed world, as well as recent developments to meet these dynamic threats. Participants examined the emergence and global movement of vector-borne diseases, research priorities for understanding their biology and ecology, and global preparedness for and progress toward their prevention, control, and mitigation. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States

Author : US Global Change Research Program
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1510726217
Total Pages : 999 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States by : US Global Change Research Program

Download or read book Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States written by US Global Change Research Program and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 999 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global climate change proliferates, so too do the health risks associated with the changing world around us. Called for in the President’s Climate Action Plan and put together by experts from eight different Federal agencies, The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health: A Scientific Assessment is a comprehensive report on these evolving health risks, including: Temperature-related death and illness Air quality deterioration Impacts of extreme events on human health Vector-borne diseases Climate impacts on water-related Illness Food safety, nutrition, and distribution Mental health and well-being This report summarizes scientific data in a concise and accessible fashion for the general public, providing executive summaries, key takeaways, and full-color diagrams and charts. Learn what health risks face you and your family as a result of global climate change and start preparing now with The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health.

Bluetongue

Author : Peter Mertens
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780080918976
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Bluetongue by : Peter Mertens

Download or read book Bluetongue written by Peter Mertens and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2008-10-29 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third volume in the Institute of Animal Health (IAH) Biology of Animal Infections Series, Bluetongue discusses one of the most economically important diseases of domesticated livestock. Affecting primarily sheep particularly the improved mutton and wool breeds, it is now endemic in Africa, India, the Middle and Far East, Australia and the Americas, and over the last six years has caused a series of outbreaks throughout the Mediterranean region and central Europe. Bluetongue represent a paradigm not only for the other orbiviruses (such as African horse sickness virus, which shares the same vector species) but also for other insect transmitted diseases, including those of humans. The only single definitive work that provides both historical and up to date data on the disease Describes the latest developments in epidemiological modelling, molecular epidemiology and vaccine development, as well as explaining the current global epidemiology of the disease Outlines the importance and possible mechanisms of overwintering, and the impact of global warming on the vectors and virus distribution

The Role of Animals in Emerging Viral Diseases

Author : Nicholas Johnson
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012405515X
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Animals in Emerging Viral Diseases by : Nicholas Johnson

Download or read book The Role of Animals in Emerging Viral Diseases written by Nicholas Johnson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-09-16 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Role of Animals in Emerging Viral Diseases presents what is currently known about the role of animals in the emergence or re-emergence of viruses including HIV-AIDS, SARS, Ebola, avian flu, swine flu, and rabies. It presents the structure, genome, and methods of transmission that influence emergence and considers non-viral factors that favor emergence, such as animal domestication, human demography, population growth, human behavior, and land-use changes. When viruses jump species, the result can be catastrophic, causing disease and death in humans and animals. These zoonotic outbreaks reflect several factors, including increased mobility of human populations, changes in demography and environmental changes due to globalization. The threat of new, emerging viruses and the fact that there are no vaccines for the most common zoonotic viruses drive research in the biology and ecology of zoonotic transmission. In this book, specialists in 11 emerging zoonotic viruses present detailed information on each virus's structure, molecular biology, current geographic distribution, and method of transmission. The book discusses the impact of virus emergence by considering the ratio of mortality, morbidity, and asymptomatic infection and assesses methods for predicting, monitoring, mitigating, and controlling viral disease emergence. Analyzes the structure, molecular biology, current geographic distribution and methods of transmission of 10 viruses Provides a clear perspective on how events in wildlife, livestock, and even companion animals have contributed to virus outbreaks and epidemics Exemplifies the "one world, one health, one medicine" approach to emerging disease by examining events in animal populations as precursors to what could affect humans

Persistent Viral Infections

Author : R. Ahmed
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 754 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Persistent Viral Infections by : R. Ahmed

Download or read book Persistent Viral Infections written by R. Ahmed and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1999 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persistent Viral Infections Edited by Rafi Ahmed Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, USA and Irvin S. Y. Chen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA During the past decade much of our attention has focused on diseases associated with viral persistence. Major breakthroughs in immunology, and the advent of molecular approaches to study pathogenesis have increased our understanding of the complex virus-host interactions that occur during viral persistence. Persistent Viral Infections focuses on: * The pathogenesis and immunology of chronic infections * Animal models that provide, or have the potential to provide, major insights This volume will be essential reading for virologists, immunologists, oncologists and neurologists.

The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309305020
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-09-03 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twentieth century witnessed an era of unprecedented, large-scale, anthropogenic changes to the natural environment. Understanding how environmental factors directly and indirectly affect the emergence and spread of infectious disease has assumed global importance for life on this planet. While the causal links between environmental change and disease emergence are complex, progress in understanding these links, as well as how their impacts may vary across space and time, will require transdisciplinary, transnational, collaborative research. This research may draw upon the expertise, tools, and approaches from a variety of disciplines. Such research may inform improvements in global readiness and capacity for surveillance, detection, and response to emerging microbial threats to plant, animal, and human health. The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics is the summary of a workshop hosted by the Institute of Medicine Forum on Microbial Threats in September 2013 to explore the scientific and policy implications of the impacts of global environmental change on infectious disease emergence, establishment, and spread. This report examines the observed and potential influence of environmental factors, acting both individually and in synergy, on infectious disease dynamics. The report considers a range of approaches to improve global readiness and capacity for surveillance, detection, and response to emerging microbial threats to plant, animal, and human health in the face of ongoing global environmental change.

Pandemic

Author : Connie Goldsmith
Publisher : Twenty-First Century Books (Tm)
ISBN 13 : 1512452157
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis Pandemic by : Connie Goldsmith

Download or read book Pandemic written by Connie Goldsmith and published by Twenty-First Century Books (Tm). This book was released on 2018-08 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How close are we to having another worldwide health crisis? Epidemiologists predict that another pandemic is coming--one that could kill hundreds of millions of people. Learn about factors that contribute to the spread of disease by examining past pandemics and epidemics. Examine case studies of potential pandemic diseases, and discover how scientists strive to contain and control the spread of disease both locally and globally. See how human activities such as global air travel and the disruption of animal habitats contribute to the risk of a new pandemic. And investigate the challenges we face with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and mutating viruses. Can scientists control the spread of disease and prevent the next pandemic?

Understanding and Responding to Global Health Security Risks from Microbial Threats in the Arctic

Author : European Academies Science Advisory Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309681251
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding and Responding to Global Health Security Risks from Microbial Threats in the Arctic by : European Academies Science Advisory Council

Download or read book Understanding and Responding to Global Health Security Risks from Microbial Threats in the Arctic written by European Academies Science Advisory Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-10-30 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in collaboration with the InterAcademy Partnership and the European Academies Science Advisory Committee held a workshop in November 2019 to bring together researchers and public health officials from different countries and across several relevant disciplines to explore what is known, and what critical knowledge gaps remain, regarding existing and possible future risks of harmful infectious agents emerging from thawing permafrost and melting ice in the Arctic region. The workshop examined case studies such as the specific case of Arctic region anthrax outbreaks, as a known, observed risk as well as other types of human and animal microbial health risks that have been discovered in snow, ice, or permafrost environments, or that could conceivably exist. The workshop primarily addressed two sources of emerging infectious diseases in the arctic: (1) new diseases likely to emerge in the Arctic as a result of climate change (such as vector-borne diseases) and (2) ancient and endemic diseases likely to emerge in the Arctic specifically as a result of permafrost thaw. Participants also considered key research that could advance knowledge including critical tools for improving observations, and surveillance to advance understanding of these risks, and to facilitate and implement effective early warning systems. Lessons learned from efforts to address emerging or re-emerging microbial threats elsewhere in the world were also discussed. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.

Microbial Threats to Health

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309185548
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Threats to Health by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Microbial Threats to Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-25 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are a global hazard that puts every nation and every person at risk. The recent SARS outbreak is a prime example. Knowing neither geographic nor political borders, often arriving silently and lethally, microbial pathogens constitute a grave threat to the health of humans. Indeed, a majority of countries recently identified the spread of infectious disease as the greatest global problem they confront. Throughout history, humans have struggled to control both the causes and consequences of infectious diseases and we will continue to do so into the foreseeable future. Following up on a high-profile 1992 report from the Institute of Medicine, Microbial Threats to Health examines the current state of knowledge and policy pertaining to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases from around the globe. It examines the spectrum of microbial threats, factors in disease emergence, and the ultimate capacity of the United States to meet the challenges posed by microbial threats to human health. From the impact of war or technology on disease emergence to the development of enhanced disease surveillance and vaccine strategies, Microbial Threats to Health contains valuable information for researchers, students, health care providers, policymakers, public health officials. and the interested public.

Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease

Author : Tony McMichael
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139428942
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease by : Tony McMichael

Download or read book Human Frontiers, Environments and Disease written by Tony McMichael and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-06-28 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compelling account charts the relentless trajectory of humankind, and its changing survival and disease patterns, across place and time from when our ancient ancestors roamed the African Savannah to today's populous, industrialised, globalising world. This expansion of human frontiers - geographic, climatic, cultural and technological - has encountered frequent setbacks from disease, famine and dwindling resources. The social and environmental transformations wrought by agrarianism, industrialisation, fertility control, social modernisation, urbanisation and mass consumption have profoundly affected patterns of health and disease. Today, as life expectancies rise, the planet's ecosystems are being damaged by the combined weight of population size and intensive economic activity. Global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion and loss of biodiversity pose large-scale hazards to human health and survival. Recognising this, can we achieve a transition to sustainability? This and other profound questions underlie this chronicle of expansive human activity, social change, environmental impact and their health consequences.

Climate Change, Public Health, and the Law

Author : Michael Burger
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108417620
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate Change, Public Health, and the Law by : Michael Burger

Download or read book Climate Change, Public Health, and the Law written by Michael Burger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-25 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents comprehensively the currently un-mapped constellation of issues related to climate change, public health, and the law.

Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309177758
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Global Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long before the "germ theory" of disease was described, late in the nineteenth century, humans knew that climatic conditions influence the appearance and spread of epidemic diseases. Ancient notions about the effects of weather and climate on disease remain embedded in our collective consciousness-through expressions such as "cold" for rhinovirus infections; "malaria," derived from the Latin for "bad air;" and the common complaint of feeling "under the weather." Today, evidence is mounting that earth's climate is changing at a faster rate than previously appreciated, leading researchers to view the longstanding relationships between climate and disease with new urgency and from a global perspective. On December 4 and 5, 2007, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop in Washington, DC to consider the possible infectious disease impacts of global climate change and extreme weather events on human, animal, and plant health, as well as their expected implications for global and national security.

Examining the Role of Environmental Change on Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemics

Author : Bouzid, Maha
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522505547
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Examining the Role of Environmental Change on Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemics by : Bouzid, Maha

Download or read book Examining the Role of Environmental Change on Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemics written by Bouzid, Maha and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2016-08-04 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is one of the most widely debated and worrisome topics of our time. As environmental changes become more prevalent, there has been evidence to suggest that there is a correlation between the environment and a substantial increase of infectious diseases and viruses around the globe. Examining the Role of Environmental Change on Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemics investigates the impact of climate change in relation to the emergence and spread of global diseases. Highlighting epidemiological factors and policies to govern epidemics and pandemics, this publication is a critical reference source for medical professionals, students, environmental scientists, advocates, policy makers, academics, and researchers.