Origin and Evolution of Viruses

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080564968
Total Pages : 573 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Origin and Evolution of Viruses by : Esteban Domingo

Download or read book Origin and Evolution of Viruses written by Esteban Domingo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-06-23 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New viral diseases are emerging continuously. Viruses adapt to new environments at astounding rates. Genetic variability of viruses jeopardizes vaccine efficacy. For many viruses mutants resistant to antiviral agents or host immune responses arise readily, for example, with HIV and influenza. These variations are all of utmost importance for human and animal health as they have prevented us from controlling these epidemic pathogens. This book focuses on the mechanisms that viruses use to evolve, survive and cause disease in their hosts. Covering human, animal, plant and bacterial viruses, it provides both the basic foundations for the evolutionary dynamics of viruses and specific examples of emerging diseases. NEW - methods to establish relationships among viruses and the mechanisms that affect virus evolution UNIQUE - combines theoretical concepts in evolution with detailed analyses of the evolution of important virus groups SPECIFIC - Bacterial, plant, animal and human viruses are compared regarding their interation with their hosts

Viral Fitness and Evolution

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031156404
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Viral Fitness and Evolution by : Esteban Domingo

Download or read book Viral Fitness and Evolution written by Esteban Domingo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-02 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book unifies general concepts of plant and animal virus evolution and covers a broad range of topics related to theoretical and experimental aspects of virus population dynamics and viral fitness. Timely topics such as viral mechanisms to cope with antiviral agents, the adaptability of the virus to new hosts, emergence of new viral phenotypes, and the connections between short- and long-term virus evolution are included. By comparing plant and animal viruses, universal mechanisms responsible for fitness variations, viral emergence and disease mechanisms are explored. Although emphasis is put on specific plant and human viral pathogens, relevant similarities and differences to other viruses are highlighted. Additionally, readers will learn more about the adaptability of coronaviruses, including the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The book is aimed at students and scientists interested in basic and applied aspects of plant and animal virus population dynamics and evolution.

Virus as Populations

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128163321
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Virus as Populations by : Esteban Domingo

Download or read book Virus as Populations written by Esteban Domingo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virus as Composition, Complexity, Quasispecies, Dynamics, and Biological Implications, Second Edition, explains the fundamental concepts surrounding viruses as complex populations during replication in infected hosts. Fundamental phenomena in virus behavior, such as adaptation to changing environments, capacity to produce disease, and the probability to be transmitted or respond to treatment all depend on virus population numbers. Concepts such as quasispecies dynamics, mutations rates, viral fitness, the effect of bottleneck events, population numbers in virus transmission and disease emergence, and new antiviral strategies are included. The book's main concepts are framed by recent observations on general virus diversity derived from metagenomic studies and current views on the origin and role of viruses in the evolution of the biosphere. Features current views on key steps in the origin of life and origins of viruses Includes examples relating ancestral features of viruses with their current adaptive capacity Explains complex phenomena in an organized and coherent fashion that is easy to comprehend and enjoyable to read Considers quasispecies as a framework to understand virus adaptability and disease processes

Viruses and the Evolution of Life

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Publisher : Amer Society for Microbiology
ISBN 13 : 9781555813093
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Viruses and the Evolution of Life by : Luis P. Villarreal

Download or read book Viruses and the Evolution of Life written by Luis P. Villarreal and published by Amer Society for Microbiology. This book was released on 2005 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viruses and the Evolution of Life is an intriguing presentation of the virus–host relationship, as revealed through an examination of host evolution. This new volume avails the informed reader of a new perspective on the evolution of life while targeting the expert reader with discussions of specific scientific literature. Addresses the adaptation and evolution of viruses and, more importantly, the role of viruses in evolutionary biology Develops integrated themes for study of virology Contributes valuable information to the understanding of the virus–host relationship Integrates the relationship between genetic parasites found in host genomes with the virology of the host Communicates basic principles to the informed reader while presenting a scholarly evaluation of literature to challenge the specialist Written by one of the foremost experts in the field

Quasispecies: Concept and Implications for Virology

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540263977
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Quasispecies: Concept and Implications for Virology by : Esteban Domingo

Download or read book Quasispecies: Concept and Implications for Virology written by Esteban Domingo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-19 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuous genetic variation and selection of virus subpopulations in the course of RNA virus replications are intimately related to viral disease mechanisms. The central topics of this volume are the origins of the quasispecies concept, and the implications of quasispecies dynamics for viral populations.

The Evolution and Emergence of RNA Viruses

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199211124
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution and Emergence of RNA Viruses by : Edward C. Holmes

Download or read book The Evolution and Emergence of RNA Viruses written by Edward C. Holmes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-25 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the study of viral evolution has developed rapidly in the last 30 years, little attention has been directed toward linking the mechanisms of viral evolution to the epidemiological outcomes of these processes. This book intends to fill this gap by considering the patterns and processes of viral evolution at all its spatial and temporal scales.

Plant Virus Evolution

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540757634
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (576 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Virus Evolution by : Marilyn J. Roossinck

Download or read book Plant Virus Evolution written by Marilyn J. Roossinck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-23 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive look at the field of plant virus evolution. It is the first book ever published on the topic. Individual chapters, written by experts in the field, cover plant virus ecology, emerging viruses, plant viruses that integrate into the host genome, population biology, evolutionary mechanisms and appropriate methods for analysis. It covers RNA viruses, DNA viruses, pararetroviruses and viroids, and presents a number of thought-provoking ideas.

Evolutionary Dynamics

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674417755
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolutionary Dynamics by : Martin A. Nowak

Download or read book Evolutionary Dynamics written by Martin A. Nowak and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-29 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time of unprecedented expansion in the life sciences, evolution is the one theory that transcends all of biology. Any observation of a living system must ultimately be interpreted in the context of its evolution. Evolutionary change is the consequence of mutation and natural selection, which are two concepts that can be described by mathematical equations. Evolutionary Dynamics is concerned with these equations of life. In this book, Martin A. Nowak draws on the languages of biology and mathematics to outline the mathematical principles according to which life evolves. His work introduces readers to the powerful yet simple laws that govern the evolution of living systems, no matter how complicated they might seem. Evolution has become a mathematical theory, Nowak suggests, and any idea of an evolutionary process or mechanism should be studied in the context of the mathematical equations of evolutionary dynamics. His book presents a range of analytical tools that can be used to this end: fitness landscapes, mutation matrices, genomic sequence space, random drift, quasispecies, replicators, the Prisoner’s Dilemma, games in finite and infinite populations, evolutionary graph theory, games on grids, evolutionary kaleidoscopes, fractals, and spatial chaos. Nowak then shows how evolutionary dynamics applies to critical real-world problems, including the progression of viral diseases such as AIDS, the virulence of infectious agents, the unpredictable mutations that lead to cancer, the evolution of altruism, and even the evolution of human language. His book makes a clear and compelling case for understanding every living system—and everything that arises as a consequence of living systems—in terms of evolutionary dynamics.

Fitness Landscape, Red Queen, Evolutionary Enigmas, and Applications to Virology

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Author :
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110697386
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Fitness Landscape, Red Queen, Evolutionary Enigmas, and Applications to Virology by : Igor M. Rouzine

Download or read book Fitness Landscape, Red Queen, Evolutionary Enigmas, and Applications to Virology written by Igor M. Rouzine and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-09-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Viruses

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674972082
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis Viruses by : Michael G. Cordingley

Download or read book Viruses written by Michael G. Cordingley and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While viruses—the world’s most abundant biological entities—are not technically alive, they invade, replicate, and evolve within living cells. Michael Cordingley goes beyond our familiarity with infections to show how viruses spur evolutionary change in their hosts and shape global ecosystems, from ocean photosynthesis to drug-resistant bacteria.

The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3319042416
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota by : Eugene Rosenberg

Download or read book The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota written by Eugene Rosenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundbreaking research over the last 10 years has given rise to the hologenome concept of evolution. This concept posits that the holobiont (host plus all of its associated microorganisms) and its hologenome (sum of the genetic information of the host and its symbiotic microorganisms), acting in concert, function as a unique biological entity and therefore as a level of selection in evolution. All animals and plants harbor abundant and diverse microbiota, including viruses. Often the amount of symbiotic microorganisms and their combined genetic information far exceed that of their host. The microbiota with its microbiome, together with the host genome, can be transmitted from one generation to the next and thus propagate the unique properties of the holobiont. The microbial symbionts and the host interact in a cooperative way that affects the health of the holobiont within its environment. Beneficial microbiota protects against pathogens, provides essential nutrients, catabolizes complex polysaccharides, renders harmful chemicals inert, and contributes to the performance of the immune system. In humans and animals, the microbiota also plays a role in behavior. The sum of these cooperative interactions characterizes the holobiont as a unique biological entity. Genetic variation in the hologenome can be brought about by changes in either the host genome or the microbial population genomes (microbiome). Evolution by cooperation can occur by amplifying existing microbes, gaining novel microbiota and by acquiring microbial and viral genes. Under environmental stress, the microbiome can change more rapidly and in response to more processes than the host organism alone and thus influences the evolution of the holobiont. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and phage therapy are discussed as applied aspects of the hologenome concept.

Experimental Evolution

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 052094447X
Total Pages : 750 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Evolution by : Theodore Garland

Download or read book Experimental Evolution written by Theodore Garland and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental approaches to evolution provide indisputable evidence of evolution by directly observing the process at work. Experimental evolution deliberately duplicates evolutionary processes—forcing life histories to evolve, producing adaptations to stressful environmental conditions, and generating lineage splitting to create incipient species. This unique volume summarizes studies in experimental evolution, outlining current techniques and applications, and presenting the field’s full range of research—from selection in the laboratory to the manipulation of populations in the wild. It provides work on such key biological problems as the evolution of Darwinian fitness, sexual reproduction, life history, athletic performance, and learning.

Viruses

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128111941
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Viruses by : Paula Tennant

Download or read book Viruses written by Paula Tennant and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-03-12 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viruses: Molecular Biology, Host Interactions, and Applications to Biotechnology provides an up-to-date introduction to human, animal and plant viruses within the context of recent advances in high-throughput sequencing that have demonstrated that viruses are vastly greater and more diverse than previously recognized. It covers discoveries such as the Mimivirus and its virophage which have stimulated new discussions on the definition of viruses, their place in the current view, and their inherent and derived ‘interactomics’ as defined by the molecules and the processes by which virus gene products interact with themselves and their host’s cellular gene products. Further, the book includes perspectives on basic aspects of virology, including the structure of viruses, the organization of their genomes, and basic strategies in replication and expression, emphasizing the diversity and versatility of viruses, how they cause disease and how their hosts react to such disease, and exploring developments in the field of host-microbe interactions in recent years. The book is likely to appeal, and be useful, to a wide audience that includes students, academics and researchers studying the molecular biology and applications of viruses Provides key insights into recent technological advances, including high-throughput sequencing Presents viruses not only as formidable foes, but also as entities that can be beneficial to their hosts and humankind that are helping to shape the tree of life Features exposition on the diversity and versatility of viruses, how they cause disease, and an exploration of virus-host interactions

Darwinian Dynamics

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691223866
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Darwinian Dynamics by : Richard E. Michod

Download or read book Darwinian Dynamics written by Richard E. Michod and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of fitness has long been a topic of intense debate among evolutionary biologists and their critics, with its definition and explanatory power coming under attack. In this book, Richard Michod offers a fresh, dynamical interpretation of evolution and fitness concepts. He argues that evolution has no enduring products; what matters is the process of genetic change. Whereas many biologists have focused on competition and aggression as determining factors in survival, Michod, by concentrating on the emergence of individuality at new and more complex levels, finds that cooperation plays even a greater role. Michod first considers the principles behind the hierarchically nested levels of organization that constitute life: genes, chromosomes, genomes, cells, multicellular organisms, and societies. By examining the evolutionary transitions from the molecular level up to the whole organism, the author explains how cooperation and conflict in a multilevel setting leads to new levels of fitness. He builds a model of fitness drawing on recent developments in ecology and multilevel selection theory and on new explanations of the origin of life. Michod concludes with a discussion of the philosophical implications of his theory of fitness, a theory that addresses the most fundamental and unique concept in all of biology.

The New Evolution Diet

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Publisher : Rodale Books
ISBN 13 : 1609613767
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Evolution Diet by : Arthur De Vany

Download or read book The New Evolution Diet written by Arthur De Vany and published by Rodale Books. This book was released on 2011-12-20 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Believe it or not, our DNA is almost exactly the same as that of our ancestors. While scientific advances in agriculture, medicine, and technology have protected man, to some degree, from dangers such as starvation, illness, and exposure, the fact remains that our cave-dwelling cousins were considerably healthier than we are. Our paleolithic ancestors did not suffer from heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, or obesity. In fact, a good deal of what we view as normal aging is a modern condition that is more akin to disease than any natural state of growing older. Our predecessors were incomparably better nourished than we are, and were incredibly physically fit. And certainly none of them ever craved a doughnut, let alone tasted one. In fact, the human preference for sweet tastes and fatty textures was developed in an environment where such treats were rare, and signaled dense, useful energy. This once-helpful adaptation is the downfall of many a dieter today. It's what makes it hard to resist fats and sweets, especially when they are all around us. We are not living as we were built to live. Our genes were forged in an environment where activity was mandatory—you were active or you starved or were eaten. This created strong selective pressure for genes encoding a smart, physically adept individual capable of very high activity levels. Humans are among the most active of species, and we carry energetically expensive brains to boot. Our energy expenditures rank high among all animals. At least they once did. The New Evolution Diet by Arthur De Vany, PhD is a roadmap back to the better health our ancestors once enjoyed. By eliminating modern foods, including carbohydrates, dairy, and all processed foods from our diets, we can undo much of the damage caused by our modern food environment. The plan is based on three simple principles: 1. Enjoy the pleasure of food and do not count or restrict calories. Eat three satisfying meals a day filled with non-starchy vegetables, fruits, and high-quality, lean proteins 2. Do not starve yourself, but do go hungry episodically, for brief periods, to promote a low fasting blood insulin level and increase metabolic fat-burning. 3. Exercise less, not more, but with more playfulness and intensity. The goal is to create a strong body with a high resting metabolism and a large physiologic capacity to move through life easily—not to burn calories.

The Logic of Chance

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Publisher : FT Press
ISBN 13 : 013262317X
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (326 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Chance by : Eugene V. Koonin

Download or read book The Logic of Chance written by Eugene V. Koonin and published by FT Press. This book was released on 2011-06-23 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Logic of Chance offers a reappraisal and a new synthesis of theories, concepts, and hypotheses on the key aspects of the evolution of life on earth in light of comparative genomics and systems biology. The author presents many specific examples from systems and comparative genomic analysis to begin to build a new, much more detailed, complex, and realistic picture of evolution. The book examines a broad range of topics in evolutionary biology including the inadequacy of natural selection and adaptation as the only or even the main mode of evolution; the key role of horizontal gene transfer in evolution and the consequent overhaul of the Tree of Life concept; the central, underappreciated evolutionary importance of viruses; the origin of eukaryotes as a result of endosymbiosis; the concomitant origin of cells and viruses on the primordial earth; universal dependences between genomic and molecular-phenomic variables; and the evolving landscape of constraints that shape the evolution of genomes and molecular phenomes. "Koonin's account of viral and pre-eukaryotic evolution is undoubtedly up-to-date. His "mega views" of evolution (given what was said above) and his cosmological musings, on the other hand, are interesting reading." Summing Up: Recommended Reprinted with permission from CHOICE, copyright by the American Library Association.

Viral Fitness

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Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 0195130340
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Viral Fitness by : Jaap Goudsmit

Download or read book Viral Fitness written by Jaap Goudsmit and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2004-08-12 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing viral adaption as a general phenomenon, the author examines the heart of viral emergence as human behaviour alters viral ecosystems.