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Violence In The Barrios Of Caracas
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Book Synopsis Violence in the Barrios of Caracas by : Daniel S. Leon
Download or read book Violence in the Barrios of Caracas written by Daniel S. Leon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the problem of urban violence in Caracas, and specifically in its barrios. It helps situate readers familiar or not with Latin American in the context that is Caracas, Venezuela, a city displaying one of the world’s highest homicide rates. The book offers a qualitative comparison of the informal mechanisms of social control in three barrios of Caracas. This comprehensive analysis can help explain high homicide rates, while socio-economic conditions improved due to substantial oil windfalls in the twenty-first century. The author describes why informal social control was not effective in some barrios, and points to the role of some organizational arrangements in increasing the incentives to use violence, even under improving socio-economic conditions. The analysis addresses a gap in the literature on violence, which mainly posits high violence rates after economic downturns. Specifically, it investigates social capital's moderating effect between Caracas' political and economic structures and high violence rates. This book concludes that perverse social capital found in the barrios of Caracas helps explain high violence rates while socio-economic indicators improved until the early 2010s. Students and researchers interested in security studies or Latin America will benefit from this book because of its extensive theoretical discussions, use of primary sources, and unique multidisciplinary analysis of urban violence.
Book Synopsis The Street Is My Home by : Patricia C. Márquez
Download or read book The Street Is My Home written by Patricia C. Márquez and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2002-12-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence of youngsters on the streets of Caracas embodies social contradictions at the national level, and this book discusses how these contradictions are played out in an oil-producing nation afflicted with hyperinflation generalized corruption, the deterioration of public services, increasing poverty, and violence. Vivid life stories told by street children themselves portray their relations with family and friends, as well as with people they encounter: police officers, journalists, social workers, and passersby at their local hangouts. The book also describes and analyzes the justice system and institutions for minors, illustrating the constant failures to respond to, contain, or lessen youth violence.
Book Synopsis The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela by : David Smilde
Download or read book The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela written by David Smilde and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2022-05-24 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime and violence soared in twenty-first-century Venezuela even as poverty and inequality decreased, contradicting the conventional wisdom that these are the underlying causes of violence. The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela explains the rise of violence under both Hugo Chávez and Nicolás Maduro—leftist presidents who made considerable investment in social programs and political inclusion. Contributors argue that violence arose not from the frustration of inequality, or the needs created by poverty, but rather from the interrelated factors of a particular type of revolutionary governance, extraordinary oil revenues, a reliance on militarized policing, and the persistence of concentrated disadvantage. These factors led to dramatic but unequal economic growth, massive institutional and social change, and dysfunctional criminal justice policies that destabilized illicit markets and social networks, leading to an increase in violent conflict resolution. The Paradox of Violence in Venezuela reorients thinking about violence and its relationship to poverty, inequality, and the state.
Book Synopsis Violence and Resilience in Latin American Cities by : Kees Koonings
Download or read book Violence and Resilience in Latin American Cities written by Kees Koonings and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are Latin American cities amongst the most violent in the world? Over the past decades Latin America has not only become the most urbanised of the regions of the so-called global South, it has also been the scene of the urbanisation of poverty and exclusion. Overall regional homicides rates are the highest in the world, a fact closely related to the spread and use of firearms by male youths, who are frequently involved in local and translocal forms of organised crime. In response, governments and law enforcements agencies have been facing mounting pressure to address violence through repressive strategies, which in turn has led to a number of consequences: law enforcement is often based on excessive violence and the victimisation of entire marginal populations. Thus, the dynamics of violence have generated a widespread perception of insecurity and fear. Featuring much original fieldwork across a broad array of case studies, this cutting edge volume focuses on questions not only of crime, insecurity and violence but also of Latin American cities' ability to respond to these problems in creative and productive ways.
Book Synopsis Place, Catholicism and Violence by : Gabriela Quintana Vigiola
Download or read book Place, Catholicism and Violence written by Gabriela Quintana Vigiola and published by Springer. This book was released on 2023-10-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the interwoven nature of place, Catholicism and violence in Caracas’ barrios. Using interdisciplinary perspectives to investigate themes of urban space, meaning as a psychosocial construct, criminal violence, and religiosity as culture, this book uncovers the underlying complexities of turning spaces into places through the built form, activities in the urban space and the meanings associated with it. Fundamental elements in the construction of place are used to understand the ways in which barrio residents conceive and construct the physicality of the private, public and religious spaces; how residents use the physical spaces of the barrios; and the psychosocial meanings residents associate with the spaces and activities. Using rich qualitative data and a case study design, the book relies on audio-visual data and interviews with organisers, residents and key participants in Petare, the largest barrio conglomeration in Caracas and Venezuela. Qualitative thematic analysis of participants’ experiences of Catholicism, violence and, ultimately, the construction of place exposes a unique argument: that meaningful urban spaces are embedded with emotions, memories, relationships, experiences and meanings, which turn them into places.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Gangs by : Scott H. Decker
Download or read book The Handbook of Gangs written by Scott H. Decker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulling together the most salient, current issues in the field today, The Handbook of Gangs provides a significant assessment by leading scholars of key topics related to gangs, gang members, and responses to gangs. • Chapters cover a wide array of the most prominent issues in the field of gangs, written by scholars who have been leaders in developing new ways of thinking about the topics • Delivers cutting-edge reviews of the current state of research and practice and addresses where the field has been, where it is today and where it should go in the future • Includes extensive coverage of the individual theories of delinquency and provides special emphasis on policy and prevention program implications in the study of gangs • Offers a broad understanding of how other countries deal with gangs and their response to gangs, including Great Britain, Latin America, Australia and Europe • Chapters covering the legacies of four pioneers in gang research—Malcolm W. Klein, Walter B. Miller, James F. Short Jr., and Irving A. Spergel
Book Synopsis Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South by : Jennifer Erin Salahub
Download or read book Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South written by Jennifer Erin Salahub and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South seeks to identify the drivers of urban violence in the cities of the Global South and how they relate to and interact with poverty and inequalities. Drawing on the findings of an ambitious 5-year, 15-project research programme supported by Canada’s International Development Research Centre and the UK’s Department for International Development, the book explores what works, and what doesn't, to prevent and reduce violence in urban centres. Cities in developing countries are often seen as key drivers of economic growth, but they are often also the sites of extreme violence, poverty, and inequality. The research in this book was developed and conducted by researchers from the Global South, who work and live in the countries studied; it challenges many of the assumptions from the Global North about how poverty, violence, and inequalities interact in urban spaces. In so doing, the book demonstrates that accepted understandings of the causes of and solutions to urban violence developed in the Global North should not be imported into the Global South without careful consideration of local dynamics and contexts. Reducing Urban Violence in the Global South concludes by considering the broader implications for policy and practice, offering recommendations for improving interventions to make cities safer and more inclusive. The fresh perspectives and insights offered by this book will be useful to scholars and students of development and urban violence, as well as to practitioners and policymakers working on urban violence reduction programmes.
Book Synopsis Examining Crime and Justice around the World by : Janet P. Stamatel
Download or read book Examining Crime and Justice around the World written by Janet P. Stamatel and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2020-11-04 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough and timely investigation of both well-established and emerging crime and punishment issues, this book provides readers with compelling examples of how different countries around the world confront these problems. This book offers a detailed look at 10 "hot topics" in crime and punishment that are shared by many countries. Some of these topics are well-established within the field of criminology, such as patterns of criminal behavior, juvenile delinquency, drug trafficking, policing, and punishment; others are emerging topics that have not been well studied across a variety of countries, such as violence against women, hate crimes, and gun control. Within each topic, the book explores how eight countries experience the issue, highlighting similarities across different places as well as unique treatments of the problem. The chapter on punishment addresses the widespread use of incarceration as criminal punishment but also considers different philosophies with respect to the purpose of incarceration and whether or not this strategy is effective in the face of large-scale criminal events, such as mass atrocities. The country narratives provide historical context for understanding the particular crime or punishment issue, current trends, and relevant statistical data for describing the extent of the issue and changes over time, in addition to contemporary examples of the issue.
Book Synopsis Caracas Litoral, Venezuela by : Richard Plunz
Download or read book Caracas Litoral, Venezuela written by Richard Plunz and published by Princeton Architectural Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Caracas Litoral, Venezuela looks at the challenges, obstacles, and opportunities facing the reconstruction of coastal communities near Caracas, after mudslides devastated these areas in December 1999. Already in the midst of informal land development, affluent weekend residents from Caracas had awkwardly occupied this dramatic and precarious strip of coastland between the Gulf of Mexico and the Avila Mountain--"also shared with the national airport and second largest seaport. In a city where most of the urban population lives in informal housing, the contested nature of redevelopment--"emergent social, economic, and cultural patterns confronting traditional patterns of settlement--"could easily be predicted. Fully bilingual, in English and Spanish, this book explores opportunities that unite the various constituencies through innovative programming, sustainable geological/hydrological infrastructure, and economically viable housing and commercial development.
Book Synopsis Social and Political Transitions During the Left Turn in Latin America by : Karen Silva-Torres
Download or read book Social and Political Transitions During the Left Turn in Latin America written by Karen Silva-Torres and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social and Political Transitions During the Left Turn in Latin America provides fourteen contributions to understand, from a multidisciplinary perspective, processes of socio-political reconfigurations in the region from the early 2000s to the mid-2010s. The Left Turn was the regional shift to left-of-center governments and social movements that sought to replace the neoliberal policies of the 1990s. This volume aims to answer the overarching research question: how do state and societal (national and transnational) actors trigger and shape processes of political and socio-economic transitions in Latin America from the rise to the decline of the Left Turn. The book presents case studies in which transitions are moments of change and uncertainty, which one cannot predict their definitive outcomes. The various case studies presented in the book place actors and processes in specific historical and socio-political contexts, which are influenced directly or indirectly by the historical trajectory of Latin America’s Left Turn. This book is essential reading for students and scholars of Social and Political History, Latin American History, and those interested in the social and political developments in Latin America more broadly.
Download or read book Deadline written by Robert Samet and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-07-08 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2006, Venezuela has had the highest homicide rate in South America and one of the highest levels of gun violence in the world. Former president Hugo Chávez, who died in 2013, downplayed the extent of violent crime and instead emphasized rehabilitation. His successor, President Nicolás Maduro, took the opposite approach, declaring an all-out war on crime (mano dura). What accounts for this drastic shift toward more punitive measures? In Deadline, anthropologist Robert Samet answers this question by focusing on the relationship between populism, the press, and what he calls “the will to security.” Drawing on nearly a decade of ethnographic research alongside journalists on the Caracas crime beat, he shows how the media shaped the politics of security from the ground up. Paradoxically, Venezuela’s punitive turn was not the product of dictatorship, but rather an outgrowth of practices and institutions normally associated with democracy. Samet reckons with this apparent contradiction by exploring the circulation of extralegal denuncias (accusations) by crime journalists, editors, sources, and audiences. Denuncias are a form of public shaming or exposé that channels popular anger against the powers that be. By showing how denuncias mobilize dissent, Deadline weaves a much larger tale about the relationship between the press, popular outrage, and the politics of security in the twenty-first century.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Violence by : Daniel S. Leon
Download or read book The Political Economy of Violence written by Daniel S. Leon and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study will attempt to answer the question of how can the rise in social violence since the 1980s be explained in the oil-rich nation of Venezuela? The once relatively peaceful nation of Venezuela has seen a dramatic rise in social violence over the last three decades that has placed her amongst some of the world's most dangerous countries. A review of the relevant literature will reveal that the study of a social phenomenon such as violence, in a nation such as Venezuela, is a complicated task because there are a number of different, but in many cases interlinked, variables that contribute to the formation of this social phenomenon. Therefore, the conceptual framework will consist of a multi-variable analysis so that this study may go about to formulate an appropriate explanation based on the complex causes and effects that surround this issue. However, special attention will be given to the nation's developmental history, which has given way to a severe socio-political crisis. Although special attention will be given to this important variable, no hierarchy of variables will be established, as the convoluted nature of social events makes it very difficult to formulate one. Other factors that will also be analyzed as they contribute to the rise of social violence are: the nation's vast hydrocarbon wealth (which is always an outstanding variable because of its economic importance), economic reform and liberalization, and the urbanization process. Although there have been several studies on oil-rich nations (including Venezuela), their economic dynamics, the Latin American urbanization process, and the Venezuelan political crisis, there is an absence of studies that include these intervening factors in a comprehensive manner. This study hopes to fill this gap.
Book Synopsis Urban Violence, Resilience and Security by : Glass, Michael R.
Download or read book Urban Violence, Resilience and Security written by Glass, Michael R. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written in a comprehensive yet accessible style, Urban Violence, Resilience and Security investigates the diverse nature of urban violence within Latin America, Asia and Africa. It further analyzes how regular and irregular governing mechanisms can provide human security, despite the presence of chronic violence.
Download or read book Sonorous Worlds written by Yana Stainova and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2023-04-12 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Venezuela's El Sistema, music is both a means of government control and a form of emancipation for youth musicians
Book Synopsis Barrio Rising by : Alejandro Velasco
Download or read book Barrio Rising written by Alejandro Velasco and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the mid-1950s, in an effort to modernize Venezuela, the military government razed dozens of slums in the heart of the capital Caracas, replacing them with massive buildings to house the city's working poor. The project remained unfinished when the dictatorship fell on January 23, 1958, and in a matter of days city residents illegally occupied thousands of apartments, squatted on green spaces, and renamed the neighborhood to honor the emerging democracy: the 23 de Enero (January 23). Over the next thirty years, through eviction efforts, guerrilla conflict, state violence, internal strife, and official neglect, inhabitants of the barrio learned to use their strategic location and symbolic tie to the promise of democracy in order to demand a better life. Granting legitimacy to the state through the vote but protesting its failings with violent street actions when necessary, they laid the foundation for an expansive understanding of democracy--both radical and electoral--whose features still resonate today"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Biography and turning points in Europe and America by : Hackstaff, Karla B.
Download or read book Biography and turning points in Europe and America written by Hackstaff, Karla B. and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2012-06-22 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This sociological collection advances the argument that the concept of a turning point expands our understanding of life experiences from a descriptive to a deeper and more abstract level of analysis. It addresses the conceptual issue of what distinguishes turning points from life transitions in general and raises crucial questions about the application of turning points as a biographical research method. Biography and turning points in Europe and America is all the more distinctive and significant due to its broad empirical database. The anthology includes authors from ten different countries, providing a number of contexts for thinking about how turning points relate to constructions of meaning shaped by globalization and by cultural and structural meanings unique to each country. The book will be useful across a wide range of social sciences and particularly valuable for researchers needing a stronger theoretical base for biographical work.
Book Synopsis Youth Violence in Latin America by : G. Jones
Download or read book Youth Violence in Latin America written by G. Jones and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a systematic overview of the contemporary Latin American youth violence phenomenon. The authors focus specifically on youth gangs, juvenile justice issues, and applied research concerns, providing a rounded and balanced exploration of this increasingly important topic.
