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Vibrational Relaxation Rates And Pathways In Highly Excited Molecules
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Book Synopsis Vibrational Relaxation Rates and Pathways in Highly Excited Molecules by : F. F. Crim
Download or read book Vibrational Relaxation Rates and Pathways in Highly Excited Molecules written by F. F. Crim and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The techniques of laser double resonance or near-infrared fluorescence detection in combination with direct excitation of overtone vibrations provide detailed data on the rates and pathways of collisional energy transfer in hydrogen fluoride and deuterium fluoride. These measurements yield the self-relaxation rate constants for HF(v=1,2,3,4,5) and DF(v=1,2). In addition, they determine the relative importance of the vibration-vibration and vibration-translation, rotation energy transfer pathways for v> or = 2 in both molecules. Applying these techniques at higher temperatures gives the self-relaxation rate constants between 300 and 700 K for HF(v=1-5). Using different partners permits the determination of the rate constants for collisional relaxation of HF(v=3,4,5) by H2, D2, CH4, CD4, and C02.
Book Synopsis Relaxation Processes in Molecular Excited States by : J. Fünfschilling
Download or read book Relaxation Processes in Molecular Excited States written by J. Fünfschilling and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relaxation phenomena of excited molecular states are abundant in all nature. They mediate such key processes as photochemical reactions or even the pathways of ordinary chemical reactions. However, for a long time the main research in electronic relaxation processes was concerned with anorganic solids, in part because of their great technological importance (photography, semiconductors ... ) in part also because these compounds were the "workhorses" of the solid state physicists. In the last 30 years, there was a steadily increasing interest in organic molecular systems, first in molecular crystals and later in all forms of molecular solids (glasses, polymers, membranes, ... ). The present volume combines papers on quite different types of relaxation phenomena: the type of solid studied, the electronic states involved, the physical processes responsible for the relaxations are all different. Nevertheless, after reading this book, a more clear and complete picture of the phenomenon "relaxa tion" emerges that proves that this volume is more than just a collection of individual articles. The volume starts with the paper "Spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation in photo-excited triplet states in molecular crystals" by Jan Schmidt. Even in these seemingly simple systems of isolated guest molecules in a single crystal host, the relaxation phenomena are quite involved and a very thorough investigation is necessary to find the key relaxation processes. The end of the article provides a bridge to the following paper: it treats interactions of two molecules (dimers), where resonant interactions become important and lead to new, characteristic relaxation processes.
Book Synopsis Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules by : F. F. Crim
Download or read book Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules written by F. F. Crim and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three objectives of this work are to determine the nature of highly vibrationally excited polyatomic molecule, to determine the rate constants and pathways for the collisional relaxation of these molecules, and to probe the electronic spectroscopy of these molecules. We have created and implemented approaches for accomplishing these objectives and have demonstrated their feasibility by studying the collisional energy transfer in highly vibrational excited acetylene. We have found that the collisional self relaxation rates of single angular momentum states with 10,000/cm of vibrational energy are a substantial fraction of the gas kinetic collision rates. The rate constant is about a factor of two smaller for relaxation by atomic partners. Molecular energy transfer, Vibrational energy transfer. (MJM).
Book Synopsis State-Resolved Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules by :
Download or read book State-Resolved Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transfer of energy in isolated or colliding molecules is a fundamental process with practical consequences for complex phenomena occurring in atmospheric chemistry, combustion, molecular lasers, plasmas, and a host of other environments containing energetic species. We have developed a technique that combines vibrational overtone excitation, to prepare highly vibrationally excited initial states, and time-resolved spectroscopic detection, to probe the evolution of the prepared state, for studying energy transfer in vibrationally energized molecules. We have used this approach to determine directly, for the first time, the frequencies of the three ungerade vibrations in the first electronically excited state of acetylene. Using this information we have characterized highly vibrationally excited states of acetylene and directly the frequencies and rotational constants of the perturbing vibrational states at these energies. Combining these spectroscopic insights on the vibrationally and electronically excited states of acetylene has allowed us to determine the energy transfer rates and pathways in the collisional relaxation of a polyatomic molecule containing 10,000 cm-1 of vibrational energy, Rotational energy transfer is very rapid, occurring on about every other collision, but is essentially unaffected by the identity of the vibrational state in which the rotational relaxation occurs.
Author :United States. Air Force. Directorate of Chemical and Atmospheric Sciences Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :700 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis AFOSR Chemical & Atmospheric Sciences Program Review by : United States. Air Force. Directorate of Chemical and Atmospheric Sciences
Download or read book AFOSR Chemical & Atmospheric Sciences Program Review written by United States. Air Force. Directorate of Chemical and Atmospheric Sciences and published by . This book was released on with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vibrational Relaxation of Excited and Highly Excited Polyatomic Molecules by : Kenneth Michael Beck
Download or read book Vibrational Relaxation of Excited and Highly Excited Polyatomic Molecules written by Kenneth Michael Beck and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nonequilibrium Vibrational Kinetics by : Mario Capitelli
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Vibrational Kinetics written by Mario Capitelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the systematic treatment of nonequi 1 ibrium vibrational kinetics in molecular systems. Particular emphasis is given to the vibrational excitation of diatomic molecules by low-energy electrons in a discharge and by IR photons in laser-pumped systems. The book follows the different steps of the introduction, redistribution, loss, and chemical conversion of the vibrational quanta, from the points of view of the overall kinetics and the dynamics of elementary processes. These two aspects are balanced in a multidisciplinary approach. The different chapters give the basic instruments (theoretical and experimental) which are needed to understand the ki netics of nonequilibrium systems. The book will introduce the reader to different areas such as plasmachemistry, laser chemistry, IR and Raman spectroscopy, and relaxation phenomena, emphasizing how the vibrational energy affects such research fields. The chapters dedicated to collisional dynamics involving vibrational excited molecules provide an introduc tion to the modern techniques uti 1 ized in the scattering theory of inelastic and reactive collisions. The extension of the vibrational kinetics to polyatomic mole cules, discussed in Chap. 10, is the natural bridge between coll ision and coll i sionless regimes. In conclusion, we hope that the approach followed in this book will stimulate the collaboration of researchers coming from different research fields, which are too often completely separate.
Book Synopsis The Vibrational Relaxation of Highly Excited Polyatomic Molecules by : John Vlahoyannis
Download or read book The Vibrational Relaxation of Highly Excited Polyatomic Molecules written by John Vlahoyannis and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vibrational Relaxation of Aromatic Molecules in Solid Argon by : James Austin Ball
Download or read book Vibrational Relaxation of Aromatic Molecules in Solid Argon written by James Austin Ball and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chlorophyll a Fluorescence by : G.C. Papageorgiou
Download or read book Chlorophyll a Fluorescence written by G.C. Papageorgiou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-12 with total page 853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chlorophyll a Fluorescence: A Signature of Photosynthesis highlights chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence as a convenient, non-invasive, highly sensitive, rapid and quantitative probe of oxygenic photosynthesis. Thirty-one chapters, authored by 58 international experts, provide a solid foundation of the basic theory, as well as of the application of the rich information contained in the Chl a fluorescence signal as it relates to photosynthesis and plant productivity. Although the primary photochemical reactions of photosynthesis are highly efficient, a small fraction of absorbed photons escapes as Chl fluorescence, and this fraction varies with metabolic state, providing a basis for monitoring quantitatively various processes of photosynthesis. The book explains the mechanisms with which plants defend themselves against environmental stresses (excessive light, extreme temperatures, drought, hyper-osmolarity, heavy metals and UV). It also includes discussion on fluorescence imaging of leaves and cells and the remote sensing of Chl fluorescence from terrestrial, airborne, and satellite bases. The book is intended for use by graduate students, beginning researchers and advanced undergraduates in the areas of integrative plant biology, cellular and molecular biology, plant biology, biochemistry, biophysics, plant physiology, global ecology and agriculture.
Book Synopsis Ultrafast Dynamics of Phospholipid-Water Interfaces by : René Costard
Download or read book Ultrafast Dynamics of Phospholipid-Water Interfaces written by René Costard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-08 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a highly innovative study of the ultrafast structural and vibrational dynamics of hydrated phospholipids, the basic constituents of cell membranes. As a novel approach to the water-phospholipid interface, the author studies phosphate vibrations using the most advanced methods of nonlinear vibrational spectroscopy, including femtosecond two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. He shows for the first time that the structure of interfacial water undergoes very limited fluctuations on a 300 fs time scale and that the lifetimes of hydrogen bonds with the phospholipid are typically longer than 10 ps. Such properties originate from the steric hindrance of water fluctuations at the interface and the orienting action of strong electric fields from the phospholipid head group dipoles. In an extensive series of additional experiments, the vibrational lifetimes of the different vibrations and the processes of energy dissipation are elucidated in detail.
Book Synopsis Highly Excited Molecules by : Amy S. Mullin
Download or read book Highly Excited Molecules written by Amy S. Mullin and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating both theoretical and experimental approaches, this unique book examines transition states and chemical reactivity, and will be a useful tool for anyone studying the chemical dynamics, nature, and behavior of molecules in an excited state. The subject has important applications in atmospheric chemistry, plasmas, high-temperature materials processing, combustion, photosynthesis, detonation, and explosives.
Book Synopsis Nonlinearity and Chaos in Molecular Vibrations by : Guozhen Wu
Download or read book Nonlinearity and Chaos in Molecular Vibrations written by Guozhen Wu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-07-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonlinearity and Chaos in Molecular Vibrations deals systematically with a Lie algebraic approach to the study of nonlinear properties of molecular highly excited vibrations. The fundamental concepts of nonlinear dynamics such as chaos, fractals, quasiperiodicity, resonance, and the Lyapunov exponent, and their roles in the study of molecular vibrations are presented.The 20 chapters cover the basic ideas, the concept of dynamical groups, the integrable two-mode SU(2) system, the unintegrable three-mode SU(3) system, the noncompact su(1,1) algebraic application, su(3) symmetry breaking and its application and the quantal effect of asymmetric molecular rotation. Emphasis is given to: resonance and chaos, the fractal structure of eigencoefficients, the C-H bend motion of acetylene, regular and chaotic motion of DCN, the existence of approximately conserved quantum numbers, one-electronic motion in multi-sites, the Lyapunov exponent, actions of periodic trajectories and quantization, the H function and its application in vibrational relaxation as well as the Dixon dip and its destruction and chaos in the transitional states. This approach bridges the gap between molecular vibrational spectroscopy and nonlinear dynamics.The book presents a framework of information that readers can use to build their knowledge, and is therefore highly recommended for all those working in or studying molecular physics, molecular spectroscopy, chemical physics and theoretical physics. * Discusses nonlinearity and chaotic phenomena in molecular vibrations* Approaches the complicated highly excited molecular vibration* Provides clear information for students and researchers looking to expand knowledge in this field
Book Synopsis Optical Monitoring of Fresh and Processed Agricultural Crops by : Manuela Zude
Download or read book Optical Monitoring of Fresh and Processed Agricultural Crops written by Manuela Zude and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-29 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an age of heightened nutritional awareness, assuring healthy human nutrition and improving the economic success of food producers are top priorities for agricultural economies. In the context of these global changes, new innovative technologies are necessary for appropriate agro-food management from harvest and storage, to marketing and consumer
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Principles of Molecular Photochemistry: An Introduction by : Nicholas J. Turro
Download or read book Principles of Molecular Photochemistry: An Introduction written by Nicholas J. Turro and published by University Science Books. This book was released on 2009-01-16 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text develops photochemical and photophysical concepts from a set of familiar principles. Principles of Molecular Photochemistry provides in-depth coverage of electronic spin, the concepts of electronic energy transfer and electron transfer, and the progress made in theoretical and experimental electron transfer.
