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Vertical Distribution And Biomass Of Fine Roots In Three Subalpine Forest Plant Associations In Southwestern British Columbia
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Book Synopsis Vertical Distribution and Biomass of Fine Roots in Three Subalpine Forest Plant Associations in Southwestern British Columbia by : Friedrich Carl Nuszdorfer
Download or read book Vertical Distribution and Biomass of Fine Roots in Three Subalpine Forest Plant Associations in Southwestern British Columbia written by Friedrich Carl Nuszdorfer and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forest Ecology written by J. P. Kimmins and published by Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. This book was released on 2004 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This management-driven, comprehensive book on ecosystem ecology is the only one on the market that covers the entire field, linking conventional ecosystem-level forest ecology to forest management. It features ecological site classification, ecosystem modeling, and strong sections on ecological diversity and the physical environment. It provides a comprehensive treatment of forestry issues; as well as excellent coverage of ecosystem management, landscape management, natural disturbances and their emulation. An excellent reference work for professional foresters, resource managers, wildlife managers, parks managers, forest planners and policy makers, and forestry researchers.
Download or read book Canadiana written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fine Root Density Distribution and Biomass in Second- and Third-Growth Douglas-Fir Stands on Vancouver Island, British Columbia by : John Antonio Trofymow
Download or read book Fine Root Density Distribution and Biomass in Second- and Third-Growth Douglas-Fir Stands on Vancouver Island, British Columbia written by John Antonio Trofymow and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Roots written by Yoav Waisel and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty chapters each independent of the others, with overlap minimized by cross-referencing represent a variety of disciplines with the goal of reviewing the literature on the structure and function of roots, outlining the frontiers of root science, and indicating future directions for basic and appl
Book Synopsis Canadian Journal of Forest Research by :
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Forest Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Root Dynamics of Mixed and Single Species Stands in the Boreal Forest of Central and Eastern Canada by : Brian Wesley Brassard
Download or read book The Root Dynamics of Mixed and Single Species Stands in the Boreal Forest of Central and Eastern Canada written by Brian Wesley Brassard and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I examined trends of fine root biomass and necromass in different mixed- and single-species stands within the central and eastern regions of the North American boreal forest to determine how annual fine root production, mortality, and decomposition and seasonal patterns of fine root biomass, necromass, and spatial heterogeneity within the soil profile vary with stand species composition. I conducted root excavations in the central region of the North American boreal forest of mature trees of Abies balsamea L., Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP, Pinus banksiana Lamb., and Populus tremuloides Michx. to develop allometric equations relating stem diameter at breast-height and height to coarse root biomass. In the first fine root study, annual fine root production and total fine root biomass in July and October were higher in stands of P. tremuloides, P. mariana, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and A. balsamea (mixed-species stands) than relatively pure stands of P. tremuloides (single-species stands). Furthermore, the mixed-species stands had lower horizontal and higher vertical fine root biomass heterogeneity, respectively, compared to the single-species stands. In the second fine root study, annual fine root production and total fine root biomass for most sampling dates (May to October) were higher in both mixed-species stand types (stands of P. banksiana, P. mariana, P. glauca, and A. balsamea (mixed conifer stands) and stands of P. banksiana and P. tremuloides (mixedwood stands)) than the single-species stands (relatively pure stands of P. banksiana (conifer stands)). Furthermore, horizontal fine root biomass heterogeneity was lower in the mixed- than single-species stands in July, August, and September, but similar among the three stand types for the other sampling dates. By contrast, vertical fine root biomass heterogeneity was higher in the mixed conifer than conifer stands from June to September, whereas mixedwood stands differed significantly from conifer stands for only a single sampling date. There were distinct temporal trends of fine root biomass, necromass, and spatial biomass heterogeneity in the second fine root study. Total fine root biomass followed an inverse U-shaped pattern with sampling date (i.e., highest in the summer and lower in spring and fall), while total fine root necromass followed a U-shaped pattern (i.e., lowest in the summer and higher in spring and fall) in all three stand types, respectively. In the two mixed,species stand types, horizontal fine root biomass heterogeneity followed a U-shaped trend with sampling date, while vertical fine root biomass heterogeneity had an inverse U-shaped trend in mixed conifer stands and a U-shaped trend in mixedwood stands, respectively. However, neither horizontal nor vertical fine root biomass heterogeneity differed with sampling date in the conifer stands. The findings of both fine root studies support the theory that the differences in crown structures and rooting traits between component species in the mixed-species and mixed conifer stands in the first and second fine root studies, respectively (niche differentiation), versus increased nutrient availability resulting from the P. tremuloides leaf litter in the mixedwood stands in the second fine root study (facilitation), were promoting greater soil space filling of fine root biomas and fine root productivity in the mixed- than single-species stands for both studies. All regressions for coarse root biomass using diameter at breast-height (DBH) or height alone, or both DBH and height as predictors were significant. The DBH - coarse root biomass models had higher R2 values than the height - coarse root biomass models for all four species, indicating that DBH was a better predictor for coarse root biomass than height. Furthermore, the DBH-height - coarse root biomass models did not have higher R 2 values than the DBH - coarse root biomass models. All but one DBH - coarse root biomass model from the published literature with similar DBH range underestimated or overestimated coarse root biomass using the data from this study. Coarse root biomass allometric equations, therefore, are probably site-specific as above- and below-ground biomass allocation differs with site condition.
Book Synopsis Fine-root Biomass and Dynamics of Six Tropical Tree Species by : Oscar J. Valverde-Barrantes
Download or read book Fine-root Biomass and Dynamics of Six Tropical Tree Species written by Oscar J. Valverde-Barrantes and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimations of fine-root storage and dynamics have been lacking in most ecological studies in tropical forests, deterring proper quantification of productivity in this biome. My thesis addresses this issue by exploring fine-root biomass and growth rates for five native species (Hyeronima alchorneoides, Pentaclethra macroloba, Virola koschnyi, Vochysia ferruginea and Vochysia guatemalensis) and one exotic (Pinus tecunumanii), grown as single-dominated, 16-year-old plantations in Costa Rica. The main objectives in my study were (1) to describe fine-root systems, in terms of size and vertical distribution, fine-root growth rates and fine-root carbon and nitrogen content and (2) to compare fine-root carbon dynamics, with other carbon fluxes in the plantations. Fine-root systems were shallow, with> 75% of the total fine-root biomass situated in the uppermost 30 cm of the soil for all the species. Species showed differences in biomass only in the upper 15 cm layer, ranging from 182 g m−2 in Pinus tecunumanii to 433 g m−2 in Hyeronima alchorneoides plots, on average. Fine-root growth ranged from 304 to 1308 g C m−2 yr−1, which are moderate to high rates in comparison with growth rates reported in the tropics. In contrast with the global relationships between N concentration and longevity in leaves, fine-root lifespan was not correlated with root nitrogen concentration and growth rates were positively correlated with root C:N ratio. Results did not support the hypothesis that fine root longevity is related to root nitrogen concentration among species. Species also differed in allocation patterns. Hyeronima alchorneoides and Vochysia guatemalensis had similar aboveground litter and fine root production, whereas Pinus tecunumanii produced substantially more aboveground litter than fine roots. Mean total detritus production was higher in Hyeronima and V. guatemalensis plots than in Virola and Pinus plots. Soil-CO2 emissions ranged from 1610 to 2365 g C m−2 yr−1 among species. Soil-CO2 emissions were marginally correlated with fine-root ingrowth (P = 0.06) but not with fine litterfall (P = 0.26), suggesting that fine-root detritus production is an important factor explaining soil-CO2 emissions. Rhizosphere respiration was similar among species and contributed 52% of the total soil-CO2 flux estimated on average. Similarities in belowground carbon allocation and rhizosphere respiration indicated that tropical tree species have similar metabolic activity belowground despite the substantial variation in root production.
Download or read book Ecology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indexes journal articles in ecology and environmental science. Nearly 700 journals are indexed in full or in part, and the database indexes literature published from 1982 to the present. Coverage includes habitats, food chains, erosion, land reclamation, resource and ecosystems management, modeling, climate, water resources, soil, and pollution.
Book Synopsis Above Ground Tree Biomass of Interior Uneven-aged Douglas-fir Stands by : Peter Lawrence Marshall
Download or read book Above Ground Tree Biomass of Interior Uneven-aged Douglas-fir Stands written by Peter Lawrence Marshall and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vertical Root Distribution and Biomass Allocation Along Proglacial Chronosequences in Central Switzerland by : Konrad Greinwald
Download or read book Vertical Root Distribution and Biomass Allocation Along Proglacial Chronosequences in Central Switzerland written by Konrad Greinwald and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Investigating changes in belowground functional plant traits is an important step toward a better understanding of vegetation dynamics during primary succession. However, in alpine glacier forelands, we still lack an accurate assessment of plant rooting patterns. In this study, we established two proglacial chronosequences with contrasting bedrocks to investigate changes in rooting patterns and biomass allocation with terrain age. We extracted soil cores up to 1 m depth and measured root traits every 10 cm of each drilled core. Furthermore, we sampled aboveground biomass determining the contributions of functional groups to total aboveground biomass. We found that root traits associated with the root economics spectrum varied significantly along the chronosequences. Vertical root distribution coefficients revealed that early successional communities had more evenly distributed root systems compared to late successional communities. Biomass allocation showed diverging patterns. We found evidence for both the isometric allocation and optimal partitioning hypotheses. In addition, we observed a significant correlation between rooting parameters and plant community composition, suggesting that the dominance of distinct plant functional groups was one important factor explaining the observed rooting patterns. Our results shed light on the often neglected belowground compartments during plant succession and contribute to a better understanding of hillslope functioning
Book Synopsis Tree Diversity Effects on Root Production, Decomposition and Nutrient Cycling Under Global Change by : Andreas Altinalmazis kondylis
Download or read book Tree Diversity Effects on Root Production, Decomposition and Nutrient Cycling Under Global Change written by Andreas Altinalmazis kondylis and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The insurance hypothesis predicts that forests with tree species mixtures may resist better to stressful environmental conditions than forests composed of only one tree species. Most of the currently available literature tested this hypothesis for aboveground productivity and its related response variables, but less is known about belowground processes. In my PhD thesis, I studied the drivers of belowground productivity and decomposition across climatic gradients and how they are affected by tree mixtures. I hypothesized that mixing of tree species with contrasting rooting patterns and fine root morphologies, would result in a release of competitive pressure belowground, and translate into higher fine root standing biomass and increased fine root productivity. Moreover, I hypothesized that roots with contrasting chemical and morphological characteristics in mixed stands would decompose faster, which may be particularly important under nutrient-limited conditions. Under water-limiting conditions, such as during extreme summer drought, I hypothesized overall slower decomposition but an attenuating effect of tree mixtures on decomposition due to improved micro-environmental conditions, in particular for leaves, since roots decompose in a more buffered soil environment. To test these hypotheses I examined the variation in tree root functional traits (across- and within-species), and its consequences for fluxes of C, N and P at the ecosystem scale. I addressed three main objectives and associated research questions to quantify the interactive effect of tree mixtures and climate on: 1) vertical root segregation and fine root standing biomass, 2) fine root dynamics and their associated nutrient fluxes and 3) fine root- and leaf litter decomposition. I could benefit from two different field experiments for my work, one with a 10-year-old tree-plantation experiment with birch and pine close to Bordeaux (ORPHEE experiment), the second along a latitudinal gradient of mature beech forests in the French Alps (BIOPROFOR experiment).I observed that roots from the birch and pine tree-plantation showed similar vertical distribution and similar belowground root standing biomass in tree mixtures compared to monocultures, contrary to my first hypothesis. However, the greater allocation of pine but not of birch to root growth within the top soil horizons under less water-limiting conditions suggests locally favourable conditions that may lead to soil depth-specific asymmetric competition. In the same experiment, fine root production and decomposition were similar in mixtures and in monocultures, in contradiction with my second hypothesis. Moreover, I did not observe any interactive effects of tree mixtures with stand density or water availability. Interestingly though, birch roots, but not pine roots released P during root decomposition, which suggests an important role of birch in the P-cycle and for P nutrition of trees on these P-limited sandy soils. In line with my third hypothesis, I observed a slower decomposition of leaf litter and fine roots in response to reinforced and prolonged summer drought, irrespective of the position along the latitudinal gradient in the Alps. However, this slower decomposition under drought was not attenuated in forest stands with mixed tree species compared to single species stands. Compared to leaf litter, fine roots decomposed slower and released less C. Interestingly, I found a net N release in decomposing fine roots but not in decomposing leaf litter, which suggests a distinct role of fine roots in the N cycle. In conclusion, I found that mixing tree species did not attenuate negative effects of climate change. However, this thesis demonstrates that promoting mixtures can still be beneficial for at least one of the admixed tree species, through species addition (i.e., complementing one tree species with another tree species), as one tree species may facilitate another via belowground fluxes of N and P.
Book Synopsis Root and Fungal Biomass Production on Low, Medium and High Productivity Second-growth Douglas-fir Stands on Vancouver Island by : David Jay Coopersmith
Download or read book Root and Fungal Biomass Production on Low, Medium and High Productivity Second-growth Douglas-fir Stands on Vancouver Island written by David Jay Coopersmith and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study compared and contrasted fine root and fungal biomass production estimates using sand-filled in-growth bags, native-soil-filled in-growth bags, and sequential soil cores in xeric, mesic, and hygric stands of 50-year-old Douglas-fir on Vancouver Island. Although no significant differences in overstorey fine-plus-small (≤5 mm) root production could be found between the three sites, proportional allocations of net primary production to the belowground ecosystem decreased with increasing site productivity. The total annual overstorey biomass production on the low-productivity xeric site was 15.7 t ha−1 yr−1. Of this total, 26.5 percent was allocated to belowground components. On the mid-slope mesic site, total overstorey biomass production increased to 22.9 t ha−1 yr−1, while allocation to the belowground decreased to 24.5 percent. On the high-productivity hygric site, total overstorey production increased to 25.0 t ha−1 yr−1, of which the belowground component represented 20.0 percent. Large differences were found in the estimates of standing crop of roots between in-growth bags and sequential soil cores. Estimates of annual fine root production, however, were much more similar for native-soil-filled in-growth bags and sequential soil cores. The quality of growth medium within the in-growth bags was also found to have a significant effect on estimates of standing crop and annual production of roots. Greater amounts of root biomass were found in the in-growth bags which contained nutrient-rich growth media.
Book Synopsis Relationships Between Fine Root Productivity and Aboveground Forest Metrics by : Justin L. Kirsch
Download or read book Relationships Between Fine Root Productivity and Aboveground Forest Metrics written by Justin L. Kirsch and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding pools and fluxes of belowground living plant C in most ecosystems is a global priority (Clark et al. 2001). There is a pressing need for studies that address the variability of fine roots and to accurately describe the causes for variability of belowground plant C. This study addressed variability in fine root productivity as it is influenced by overstory productivity, overstory diversity, and variation of canopy height. We use imagery from a minirhizotron optical scanning device for estimates of fine root productivity, while overstory productivity and overstory diversity were assessed with traditional field-based methods. Aerial LiDAR was used for estimates of variation of canopy height, which provided an estimate of the standard deviation of upper canopy height. Estimates of fine root productivity were related to estimates of overstory productivity, overstory diversity and standard deviation of canopy height with the goal of finding the best predictor of variation in fine root production. We prioritize this research in terms of three hypotheses: 1) There is a relationship between overstory productivity and fine root productivity; 2) There is a relationship between overstory diversity and fine root productivity; 3) There are relationships between the standard deviation of canopy height and fine root productivity. A better understanding of relationships between aboveground plant metrics and variability of belowground plant C could allow for an increased understanding of causes for variation of belowground plant C, especially as there is a pressing need to accurately estimate whole system C in forest ecosystems (Toan et al. 2004; Hese et al. 2004; Boudreau et al. 2008).
Book Synopsis Tree Roots in Agroforestry by : Kira A. Borden
Download or read book Tree Roots in Agroforestry written by Kira A. Borden and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Root Biomass and Distribution Under Plantations of Native Tree Species, Grass and Secondary Forest Vegetation in the Atlantic Lowlands of Costa Rica by : Eirik Stijfhoorn
Download or read book Root Biomass and Distribution Under Plantations of Native Tree Species, Grass and Secondary Forest Vegetation in the Atlantic Lowlands of Costa Rica written by Eirik Stijfhoorn and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Biomass and Distribution of Fine Roots in Relation to Changes in Soil Chemistry Induced by Chronic Nitrogen Additions in Aber Forest, North Wales by : Mohd Nizam Bin Mohd Said
Download or read book The Biomass and Distribution of Fine Roots in Relation to Changes in Soil Chemistry Induced by Chronic Nitrogen Additions in Aber Forest, North Wales written by Mohd Nizam Bin Mohd Said and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
