Variability in Human Performance

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466579714
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Variability in Human Performance by : Thomas J. Smith

Download or read book Variability in Human Performance written by Thomas J. Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the conditions under which variability in performance may arise, and the processes related to its emergence, gives us insight into the development of techniques for improving the quality of performance. Variability in Human Performance details the scientific and the practical implications of human performance variability by providing a broad perspective on how and why such variability occurs across a number of disciplinary domains. The text takes an approach that rests upon the idea of context, or design, specificity in performance, namely that variability in performance is closely referenced to design factors in the environment in which performance is occurring. An exploration of the link between variability and related processes, the book introduces a comprehensive framework for understanding human performance variability, presented in terms of how human control of behavior is closely tied to design factors in the performance environment. The authors introduce empirical evidence, as well as practical examples and application areas, in support of this framework. The book begins with coverage of neurobiological and biomechanical basis of movement variability, then examines rich and extensive empirical evidence available for context specificity in cognitive performance and learning, as a basis for cognitive performance variability. The book then reviews the evidence for context specificity in: Student learning Displaced feedback conditions Human error behavior Affective performance Social and team performance The authors also explore work performance as influenced by complex sociotechnical systems and as a basis for performance variability, applying control systems concepts to an interpretation of the nature and basis of performance variability in all of these domains. They conclude by taking an evolutionary perspective on the origins and behavioral significance of human performance variability. The book then provides strategies on how individuals, groups, and organizations can significantly reduce variability in human performance that often leads to systems failures.

Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance

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Author :
Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 1492599581
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance by : James R. Morrow, Jr.

Download or read book Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance written by James R. Morrow, Jr. and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, Sixth Edition With HKPropel Access, teaches the fundamentals of collecting and analyzing human performance data by focusing on the concepts of reliability and validity. It features practical applications in kinesiology, physical education, and more

Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, 5E

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Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 1450470432
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (54 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, 5E by : Morrow, Jr., James R.

Download or read book Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, 5E written by Morrow, Jr., James R. and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2015-08-25 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, Fifth Edition, leads students through the fundamentals of collecting and analyzing human performance data by focusing on the core concepts of reliability and validity and helping students apply their results to real-life situations.

Human Performance and Productivity

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317769945
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Performance and Productivity by : Marvin D. Dunnette

Download or read book Human Performance and Productivity written by Marvin D. Dunnette and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These volumes represent a concerted attempt to link what is known from human performance research to recognized national needs for improving productivity. The product of a National Science Foundation project directed by the series editor, the set features authoritative reviews by leading psychologists in the field. The volumes cover many areas of human performance not included in other books.

Human-Computer Interaction -- INTERACT 2011

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642237681
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Human-Computer Interaction -- INTERACT 2011 by : Pedro Campos

Download or read book Human-Computer Interaction -- INTERACT 2011 written by Pedro Campos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-01 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The four-volume set LNCS 6946-6949 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th IFIP TC13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2011, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in September 2011. The fourth volume includes 27 regular papers organized in topical sections on usable privacy and security, user experience, user modelling, visualization, and Web interaction, 5 demo papers, 17 doctoral consortium papers, 4 industrial papers, 54 interactive posters, 5 organization overviews, 2 panels, 3 contributions on special interest groups, 11 tutorials, and 16 workshop papers.

Pediatric Fitness

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Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805581777
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Pediatric Fitness by : Grant R. Tomkinson

Download or read book Pediatric Fitness written by Grant R. Tomkinson and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the years, there has been much controversy regarding whether today s children and adolescents are fitter than their peers of the past and whether they are fitter if they live in the more affluent than the less affluent countries. This publication starts by examining data cumulated since the late 1950s on secular trends and geographic variability in pediatric fitness test performances of children and adolescents from 23 countries in North America, Europe, Asia, Australasia, Africa and the Middle East. There is evidence that there has been a global decline in pediatric aerobic performance in recent decades, relative stability in anaerobic performance, and that the best performing children come from northern and central Europe. It finishes by considering possible causes, including whether declines in aerobic performance are the result of distributional or across-the-board declines, and whether increases in obesity alone can explain the declines in aerobic performance. Physical educators, exercise/sport scientists, exercise physiologists, personal trainers, pediatricians, medical practitioners and public health providers will find useful information in this book on secular trends and geographic variability in pedatric fitness.

Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 131536008X
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability by : Nicholas Stergiou

Download or read book Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability written by Nicholas Stergiou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How Does the Body’s Motor Control System Deal with Repetition? While the presence of nonlinear dynamics can be explained and understood, it is difficult to be measured. A study of human movement variability with a focus on nonlinear dynamics, Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability, examines the characteristics of human movement within this framework, explores human movement in repetition, and explains how and why we analyze human movement data. It takes an in-depth look into the nonlinear dynamics of systems within and around us, investigates the temporal structure of variability, and discusses the properties of chaos and fractals as they relate to human movement. Providing a foundation for the use of nonlinear analysis and the study of movement variability in practice, the book describes the nonlinear dynamical features found in complex biological and physical systems, and introduces key concepts that help determine and identify patterns within the fluctuations of data that are repeated over time. It presents commonly used methods and novel approaches to movement analysis that reveal intriguing properties of the motor control system and introduce new ways of thinking about variability, adaptability, health, and motor learning. In addition, this text: Demonstrates how nonlinear measures can be used in a variety of different tasks and populations Presents a wide variety of nonlinear tools such as the Lyapunov exponent, surrogation, entropy, and fractal analysis Includes examples from research on how nonlinear analysis can be used to understand real-world applications Provides numerous case studies in postural control, gait, motor control, and motor development Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability advances the field of human movement variability research by dissecting human movement and studying the role of movement variability. The book proposes new ways to use nonlinear analysis and investigate the temporal structure of variability, and enables engineers, movement scientists, clinicians, and those in related disciplines to effectively apply nonlinear analysis in practice.

Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM)

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080529291
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) by : E. Hollnagel

Download or read book Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) written by E. Hollnagel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-01-23 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing dependence of working environments on complex technology has created many challenges and lead to a large number of accidents. Although the quality of organization and management within the work environment plays an important role in these accidents, the significance of individual human action (as a direct cause and as a mitigating factor) is undeniable. This has created a need for new, integrated approaches to accident analysis and risk assessment. This book detailing the use of CREAM is, therefore, both timely and useful. It presents an error taxonomy which integrates individual, technological and organizational factors based on cognitive engineering principles. In addition to the necessary theoretical foundation, it provides a step-by-step description of how the taxonomy can be applied to analyse as well as predict performance using a context-dependent cognitive model. CREAM can be used as a second-generation human reliability analysis (HRA) approach in probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), as a stand-alone method for accident analysis and as part of a larger design method for interactive systems. In particular, the use of CREAM will enable system designers and risk analysts to: • identify tasks that require human cognition and therefore depend on cognitive reliability • determine the conditions where cognitive reliability and ensuing risk may be reduced • provide an appraisal of the consequences of human performance on system safety which can be used in PSA.

FRAM: The Functional Resonance Analysis Method

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 135193595X
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis FRAM: The Functional Resonance Analysis Method by : Erik Hollnagel

Download or read book FRAM: The Functional Resonance Analysis Method written by Erik Hollnagel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resilience engineering has consistently argued that safety is more than the absence of failures. Since the first book was published in 2006, several book chapters and papers have demonstrated the advantage in going behind 'human error' and beyond the failure concept, just as a number of serious accidents have accentuated the need for it. But there has not yet been a comprehensive method for doing so; the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) fulfils that need. Whereas commonly used methods explain events by interpreting them in terms of an already existing model, the FRAM is used to model the functions that are needed for everyday performance to succeed. This model can then be used to explain specific events, by showing how functions can be coupled and how the variability of everyday performance sometimes may lead to unexpected and out-of-scale outcomes - either good or bad. The FRAM is based on four principles: equivalence of failures and successes, approximate adjustments, emergence, and functional resonance. As the FRAM is a method rather than a model, it makes no assumptions about how the system under investigation is structured or organised, nor about possible causes and cause-effect relations. Instead of looking for failures and malfunctions, the FRAM explains outcomes in terms of how functions become coupled and how everyday performance variability may resonate. This book presents a detailed and tested method that can be used to model how complex and dynamic socio-technical systems work, to understand why things sometimes go wrong but also why they normally succeed.

Space Safety and Human Performance

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0081018703
Total Pages : 944 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Space Safety and Human Performance by : Barbara G. Kanki

Download or read book Space Safety and Human Performance written by Barbara G. Kanki and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space Safety and Human Performance provides a comprehensive reference for engineers and technical managers within aerospace and high technology companies, space agencies, operators, and consulting firms. The book draws upon the expertise of the world’s leading experts in the field and focuses primarily on humans in spaceflight, but also covers operators of control centers on the ground and behavior aspects of complex organizations, thus addressing the entire spectrum of space actors. During spaceflight, human performance can be deeply affected by physical, psychological and psychosocial stressors. Strict selection, intensive training and adequate operational rules are used to fight performance degradation and prepare individuals and teams to effectively manage systems failures and challenging emergencies. The book is endorsed by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS). Provides information on critical aspects of human performance in space missions Addresses the issue of human performance, from physical and psychosocial stressors that can degrade performance, to selection and training principles and techniques to enhance performance Brings together essential material on: cognition and human error; advanced analysis methods such as human reliability analysis; environmental challenges and human performance in space missions; critical human factors and man/machine interfaces in space systems design; crew selection and training; and organizational behavior and safety culture Includes an endorsement by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS)

Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331960645X
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance by : Ronald Laurids Boring

Download or read book Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance written by Ronald Laurids Boring and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together studies broadly dealing with human error from different disciplines and perspectives. They concern human performance; human variability and reliability analysis; medical, driver and pilot error, as well as automation error; reports on root cause analyses; and the cognitive modeling of human error. In addition, they highlight cutting-edge applications in safety management, defense, security, transportation, process controls, and medicine, as well as more traditional fields of application. Based on the AHFE 2017 International Conference on Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance, held on July 17–21, 2017 in Los Angeles, California, USA, the book includes experimental papers, original reviews, and reports on case studies, as well as meta-analyses, technical guidelines, best practice and methodological papers. It offers a timely reference guide for researchers and practitioners dealing with human error in a diverse range of fields. “p>

Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331994391X
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance by : Ronald L. Boring

Download or read book Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance written by Ronald L. Boring and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-23 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together studies broadly addressing human error from different disciplines and perspectives. It discusses topics such as human performance; human variability and reliability analysis; medical, driver and pilot error, as well as automation error; root cause analyses; and the cognitive modeling of human error. In addition, it highlights cutting-edge applications in safety management, defense, security, transportation, process controls, and medicine, as well as more traditional fields of application. Based on the AHFE 2018 International Conference on Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance, held on July 21–25, 2018, in Orlando, Florida, USA, the book includes experimental papers, original reviews, and reports on case studies, as well as meta-analyses, technical guidelines, best practice and methodological papers. It offers a timely reference guide for researchers and practitioners dealing with human error in a diverse range of fields.

Safety and Reliability 92

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781851668755
Total Pages : 1226 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (687 download)

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Book Synopsis Safety and Reliability 92 by : K.E. Peterson

Download or read book Safety and Reliability 92 written by K.E. Peterson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-05-01 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Risk-Taking, Prevention and Design

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000606279
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk-Taking, Prevention and Design by : Guy Andre Boy

Download or read book Risk-Taking, Prevention and Design written by Guy Andre Boy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-07-29 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most approaches that contribute to the design of life-critical systems almost only consider nominal situations where procedures can be developed and used to achieve satisfactory operations. These kinds of approaches lead to rigid ways of doing things and poorly address the needs for flexibility, especially when things go wrong. It is not a matter of human adaptation but of human systems integration (HSI) flexibility. HSI flexibility requires cross-fertilization of appropriate experiences combined with creativity. This book provides risk-management approaches and methods for combining prevention and design. Features: Discusses risk-management approaches and methods for combining prevention and design Examines a transdisciplinary approach to risk management in design and operations of safer life-critical systems Proposes an approach of work analysis during design, which enables design teams to consider HSI issues early enough to fix organizational problems upstream Teaches the combination of prevention and design for safety management This book gathers and analyzes relevant field data to rationalize human and systems activity in various life-critical environments and workplaces, in a systemic manner, and in a variety of safety domains (e.g., aviation, road, navy, manufacturing, hospital, transportation, defense, sport). It further formalizes and analyzes risk-taking experience, expertise, stories about critical events, and scientific and professional literature data to help engineering designers, managers, and health and safety specialists. The text is primarily written for graduate students and professionals working in the fields of occupational health and safety, ergonomics, human factors, cognitive engineering, and human-system integration.

Integrating Safety-II into Safety Management

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Publisher : vdf Hochschulverlag AG
ISBN 13 : 3728140236
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrating Safety-II into Safety Management by : Toni Wäfler

Download or read book Integrating Safety-II into Safety Management written by Toni Wäfler and published by vdf Hochschulverlag AG. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We all aim for safe processes. However, providing safety is a complex endeavour. What is it that makes a process safe? And what is the contribution of humans? It is very common to consider humans a risk factor prone to errors. Therefore, we implement sophisticated safety management systems (SMS) in order to prevent potential “human failure”. These SMS provide an impressive increase of safety. In safety science this approach is labelled “Safety-I”, and it starts to be questioned because humans do not show failures only. On the contrary, they often actively contribute to safety, sometimes even by deviating from a procedure. This “Safety-II” perspective considers humans to be a “safety factor” as well because of their ability to adjust behaviour to the given situation. However, adaptability requires scope of action and this is where Safety-I and Safety-II contradict each other. While the former restricts freedom of action, the latter requires room for manoeuvring. Thus, the task of integrating the Safety-II perspective into SMS, which are traditionally Safety-I based, is difficult. This challenge was the main objective of our project. We discovered two methods that contribute to the quality of SMS by integrating Safety-II into SMS without jeopardizing the Safety-I approach.

Rail Human Factors around the World

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0415644755
Total Pages : 870 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis Rail Human Factors around the World by : John R Wilson

Download or read book Rail Human Factors around the World written by John R Wilson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rail human factors/ergonomics community has grown quickly and extensively, and there is much increased recognition of the vital importance of ergonomics/human factors by rail infrastructure owners, rail operating companies, system developers, regulators and national and trans-national government. This book, the third on rail human factors, is drawn from papers presented at the Lille 3rd International Conference on Rail Human Factors. The contributions cover the range of human and organisational issues on the railway, from driving to signalling and control to maintenance and engineering work, to passengers and security issues such as trespass, and address improvements in safety, reliability, use of capacity, efficiency and quality. The book represents the best of recent work in rail human factors, and starts to define the framework for the next few years. As well as the human factors areas listed above, the conference and thus the book are notable for sessions on simulation in rail human factors and on human factors in metro design and operation. The book also reflects the increased attention being paid to, and developments in, understanding all aspects of rail stakeholders’ behaviour, and also the contribution of ergonomics/human factors to innovative network control systems which will enhance reliability, safety and use of capacity. The book will be of interest to a number of groups: those working in the rail sector from a human factors point of view; the larger rail industry and related bodies generally; and in terms of transferrable knowledge to ergonomists and human factors specialists working in other industries.

Contemporary Ergonomics 1995

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780748403288
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Ergonomics 1995 by : Ergonomics Society. Conference

Download or read book Contemporary Ergonomics 1995 written by Ergonomics Society. Conference and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-04-01 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: