An Introduction to Causal Inference

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Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781507894293
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (942 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Causal Inference by : Judea Pearl

Download or read book An Introduction to Causal Inference written by Judea Pearl and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes recent advances in causal inference and underscores the paradigmatic shifts that must be undertaken in moving from traditional statistical analysis to causal analysis of multivariate data. Special emphasis is placed on the assumptions that underly all causal inferences, the languages used in formulating those assumptions, the conditional nature of all causal and counterfactual claims, and the methods that have been developed for the assessment of such claims. These advances are illustrated using a general theory of causation based on the Structural Causal Model (SCM) described in Pearl (2000a), which subsumes and unifies other approaches to causation, and provides a coherent mathematical foundation for the analysis of causes and counterfactuals. In particular, the paper surveys the development of mathematical tools for inferring (from a combination of data and assumptions) answers to three types of causal queries: (1) queries about the effects of potential interventions, (also called "causal effects" or "policy evaluation") (2) queries about probabilities of counterfactuals, (including assessment of "regret," "attribution" or "causes of effects") and (3) queries about direct and indirect effects (also known as "mediation"). Finally, the paper defines the formal and conceptual relationships between the structural and potential-outcome frameworks and presents tools for a symbiotic analysis that uses the strong features of both. The tools are demonstrated in the analyses of mediation, causes of effects, and probabilities of causation. -- p. 1.

Handbook of Latent Variable and Related Models

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080471269
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Latent Variable and Related Models by :

Download or read book Handbook of Latent Variable and Related Models written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook covers latent variable models, which are a flexible class of models for modeling multivariate data to explore relationships among observed and latent variables. - Covers a wide class of important models - Models and statistical methods described provide tools for analyzing a wide spectrum of complicated data - Includes illustrative examples with real data sets from business, education, medicine, public health and sociology. - Demonstrates the use of a wide variety of statistical, computational, and mathematical techniques.

Targeted Learning

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441997822
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Targeted Learning by : Mark J. van der Laan

Download or read book Targeted Learning written by Mark J. van der Laan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-17 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The statistics profession is at a unique point in history. The need for valid statistical tools is greater than ever; data sets are massive, often measuring hundreds of thousands of measurements for a single subject. The field is ready to move towards clear objective benchmarks under which tools can be evaluated. Targeted learning allows (1) the full generalization and utilization of cross-validation as an estimator selection tool so that the subjective choices made by humans are now made by the machine, and (2) targeting the fitting of the probability distribution of the data toward the target parameter representing the scientific question of interest. This book is aimed at both statisticians and applied researchers interested in causal inference and general effect estimation for observational and experimental data. Part I is an accessible introduction to super learning and the targeted maximum likelihood estimator, including related concepts necessary to understand and apply these methods. Parts II-IX handle complex data structures and topics applied researchers will immediately recognize from their own research, including time-to-event outcomes, direct and indirect effects, positivity violations, case-control studies, censored data, longitudinal data, and genomic studies.

Latent Variable Modeling and Applications to Causality

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146121842X
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Latent Variable Modeling and Applications to Causality by : Maia Berkane

Download or read book Latent Variable Modeling and Applications to Causality written by Maia Berkane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers refereed papers presented at the 1994 UCLA conference on "La tent Variable Modeling and Application to Causality. " The meeting was organized by the UCLA Interdivisional Program in Statistics with the purpose of bringing together a group of people who have done recent advanced work in this field. The papers in this volume are representative of a wide variety of disciplines in which the use of latent variable models is rapidly growing. The volume is divided into two broad sections. The first section covers Path Models and Causal Reasoning and the papers are innovations from contributors in disciplines not traditionally associated with behavioural sciences, (e. g. computer science with Judea Pearl and public health with James Robins). Also in this section are contri butions by Rod McDonald and Michael Sobel who have a more traditional approach to causal inference, generating from problems in behavioural sciences. The second section encompasses new approaches to questions of model selection with emphasis on factor analysis and time varying systems. Amemiya uses nonlinear factor analysis which has a higher order of complexity associated with the identifiability condi tions. Muthen studies longitudinal hierarchichal models with latent variables and treats the time vector as a variable rather than a level of hierarchy. Deleeuw extends exploratory factor analysis models by including time as a variable and allowing for discrete and ordi nal latent variables. Arminger looks at autoregressive structures and Bock treats factor analysis models for categorical data.

Multilevel Modeling

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135655367
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Multilevel Modeling by : Steven P. Reise

Download or read book Multilevel Modeling written by Steven P. Reise and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003-01-30 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book appeals to researchers who work with nested data structures or repeated measures data, including biomed & health researchers, clinical/intervention researchers and developmental & educational psychologists. Also some potential as a grad lvl tex

Conceptual Econometrics Using R

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444643125
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Conceptual Econometrics Using R by :

Download or read book Conceptual Econometrics Using R written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conceptual Econometrics Using R, Volume 41 provides state-of-the-art information on important topics in econometrics, including quantitative game theory, multivariate GARCH, stochastic frontiers, fractional responses, specification testing and model selection, exogeneity testing, causal analysis and forecasting, GMM models, asset bubbles and crises, corporate investments, classification, forecasting, nonstandard problems, cointegration, productivity and financial market jumps and co-jumps, among others. - Presents chapters authored by distinguished, honored researchers who have received awards from the Journal of Econometrics or the Econometric Society - Includes descriptions and links to resources and free open source R, allowing readers to not only use the tools on their own data, but also jumpstart their understanding of the state-of-the-art

Latent Variable Modeling Using R

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317970721
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Latent Variable Modeling Using R by : A. Alexander Beaujean

Download or read book Latent Variable Modeling Using R written by A. Alexander Beaujean and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This step-by-step guide is written for R and latent variable model (LVM) novices. Utilizing a path model approach and focusing on the lavaan package, this book is designed to help readers quickly understand LVMs and their analysis in R. The author reviews the reasoning behind the syntax selected and provides examples that demonstrate how to analyze data for a variety of LVMs. Featuring examples applicable to psychology, education, business, and other social and health sciences, minimal text is devoted to theoretical underpinnings. The material is presented without the use of matrix algebra. As a whole the book prepares readers to write about and interpret LVM results they obtain in R. Each chapter features background information, boldfaced key terms defined in the glossary, detailed interpretations of R output, descriptions of how to write the analysis of results for publication, a summary, R based practice exercises (with solutions included in the back of the book), and references and related readings. Margin notes help readers better understand LVMs and write their own R syntax. Examples using data from published work across a variety of disciplines demonstrate how to use R syntax for analyzing and interpreting results. R functions, syntax, and the corresponding results appear in gray boxes to help readers quickly locate this material. A unique index helps readers quickly locate R functions, packages, and datasets. The book and accompanying website at http://blogs.baylor.edu/rlatentvariable/ provides all of the data for the book’s examples and exercises as well as R syntax so readers can replicate the analyses. The book reviews how to enter the data into R, specify the LVMs, and obtain and interpret the estimated parameter values. The book opens with the fundamentals of using R including how to download the program, use functions, and enter and manipulate data. Chapters 2 and 3 introduce and then extend path models to include latent variables. Chapter 4 shows readers how to analyze a latent variable model with data from more than one group, while Chapter 5 shows how to analyze a latent variable model with data from more than one time period. Chapter 6 demonstrates the analysis of dichotomous variables, while Chapter 7 demonstrates how to analyze LVMs with missing data. Chapter 8 focuses on sample size determination using Monte Carlo methods, which can be used with a wide range of statistical models and account for missing data. The final chapter examines hierarchical LVMs, demonstrating both higher-order and bi-factor approaches. The book concludes with three Appendices: a review of common measures of model fit including their formulae and interpretation; syntax for other R latent variable models packages; and solutions for each chapter’s exercises. Intended as a supplementary text for graduate and/or advanced undergraduate courses on latent variable modeling, factor analysis, structural equation modeling, item response theory, measurement, or multivariate statistics taught in psychology, education, human development, business, economics, and social and health sciences, this book also appeals to researchers in these fields. Prerequisites include familiarity with basic statistical concepts, but knowledge of R is not assumed.

Mapping the Travel Behavior Genome

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128173408
Total Pages : 734 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Mapping the Travel Behavior Genome by : Konstadinos G. Goulias

Download or read book Mapping the Travel Behavior Genome written by Konstadinos G. Goulias and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-10-26 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mapping the Travel Behavior Genome covers the latest research on the biological, motivational, cognitive, situational, and dispositional factors that drive activity-travel behavior. Organized into three sections, Retrospective and Prospective Survey of Travel Behavior Research, New Research Methods and Findings, and Future Research, the chapters of this book provide evidence of progress made in the most recent years in four dimensions of the travel behavior genome. These dimensions are Substantive Problems, Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks, Behavioral Measurement, and Behavioral Analysis. Including the movement of goods as well as the movement of people, the book shows how traveler values, norms, attitudes, perceptions, emotions, feelings, and constraints lead to observed behavior; how to design efficient infrastructure and services to meet tomorrow's needs for accessibility and mobility; how to assess equity and distributional justice; and how to assess and implement policies for improving sustainability and quality of life. Mapping the Travel Behavior Genome examines the paradigm shift toward more dynamic, user-centric, demand-responsive transport services, including the "sharing economy," mobility as a service, automation, and robotics. This volume provides research directions to answer behavioral questions emerging from these upheavals.

Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030805190
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R by : Joseph F. Hair Jr.

Download or read book Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R written by Joseph F. Hair Jr. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-03 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) has become a standard approach for analyzing complex inter-relationships between observed and latent variables. Researchers appreciate the many advantages of PLS-SEM such as the possibility to estimate very complex models and the method’s flexibility in terms of data requirements and measurement specification. This practical open access guide provides a step-by-step treatment of the major choices in analyzing PLS path models using R, a free software environment for statistical computing, which runs on Windows, macOS, and UNIX computer platforms. Adopting the R software’s SEMinR package, which brings a friendly syntax to creating and estimating structural equation models, each chapter offers a concise overview of relevant topics and metrics, followed by an in-depth description of a case study. Simple instructions give readers the “how-tos” of using SEMinR to obtain solutions and document their results. Rules of thumb in every chapter provide guidance on best practices in the application and interpretation of PLS-SEM.

Latent Variable Models and Factor Analysis

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Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780340692431
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (924 download)

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Book Synopsis Latent Variable Models and Factor Analysis by : David J. Bartholomew

Download or read book Latent Variable Models and Factor Analysis written by David J. Bartholomew and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1999-08-10 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hitherto latent variable modelling has hovered on the fringes of the statistical mainstream but if the purpose of statistics is to deal with real problems, there is every reason for it to move closer to centre stage. In the social sciences especially, latent variables are common and if they are to be handled in a truly scientific manner, statistical theory must be developed to include them. This book aims to show how that should be done. This second edition is a complete re-working of the book of the same name which appeared in the Griffin’s Statistical Monographs in 1987. Since then there has been a surge of interest in latent variable methods which has necessitated a radical revision of the material but the prime object of the book remains the same. It provides a unified and coherent treatment of the field from a statistical perspective. This is achieved by setting up a sufficiently general framework to enable the derivation of the commonly used models. The subsequent analysis is then done wholly within the realm of probability calculus and the theory of statistical inference. Numerical examples are provided as well as the software to carry them out ( where this is not otherwise available). Additional data sets are provided in some cases so that the reader can aquire a wider experience of analysis and interpretation.

Generalized Latent Variable Modeling

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203489438
Total Pages : 523 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Generalized Latent Variable Modeling by : Anders Skrondal

Download or read book Generalized Latent Variable Modeling written by Anders Skrondal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-05-11 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book unifies and extends latent variable models, including multilevel or generalized linear mixed models, longitudinal or panel models, item response or factor models, latent class or finite mixture models, and structural equation models. Following a gentle introduction to latent variable modeling, the authors clearly explain and contrast a wi

Latent Variable Models

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 131728528X
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Latent Variable Models by : John C. Loehlin

Download or read book Latent Variable Models written by John C. Loehlin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-07 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latent Variable Models: An Introduction to Factor, Path, and Structural Equation Analysis introduces latent variable models by utilizing path diagrams to explain the relationships in the models. This approach helps less mathematically-inclined readers to grasp the underlying relations among path analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling, and to set up and carry out such analyses. This revised and expanded fifth edition again contains key chapters on path analysis, structural equation models, and exploratory factor analysis. In addition, it contains new material on composite reliability, models with categorical data, the minimum average partial procedure, bi-factor models, and communicating about latent variable models. The informal writing style and the numerous illustrative examples make the book accessible to readers of varying backgrounds. Notes at the end of each chapter expand the discussion and provide additional technical detail and references. Moreover, most chapters contain an extended example in which the authors work through one of the chapter’s examples in detail to aid readers in conducting similar analyses with their own data. The book and accompanying website provide all of the data for the book’s examples as well as syntax from latent variable programs so readers can replicate the analyses. The book can be used with any of a variety of computer programs, but special attention is paid to LISREL and R. An important resource for advanced students and researchers in numerous disciplines in the behavioral sciences, education, business, and health sciences, Latent Variable Models is a practical and readable reference for those seeking to understand or conduct an analysis using latent variables.

Latent Variable Models

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135614342
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Latent Variable Models by : John C. Loehlin

Download or read book Latent Variable Models written by John C. Loehlin and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-05-20 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces multiple-latent variable models by utilizing path diagrams to explain the underlying relationships in the models. This approach helps less mathematically inclined students grasp the underlying relationships between path analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling more easily. A few sections of the book make use of elementary matrix algebra. An appendix on the topic is provided for those who need a review. The author maintains an informal style so as to increase the book's accessibility. Notes at the end of each chapter provide some of the more technical details. The book is not tied to a particular computer program, but special attention is paid to LISREL, EQS, AMOS, and Mx. New in the fourth edition of Latent Variable Models: *a data CD that features the correlation and covariance matrices used in the exercises; *new sections on missing data, non-normality, mediation, factorial invariance, and automating the construction of path diagrams; and *reorganization of chapters 3-7 to enhance the flow of the book and its flexibility for teaching. Intended for advanced students and researchers in the areas of social, educational, clinical, industrial, consumer, personality, and developmental psychology, sociology, political science, and marketing, some prior familiarity with correlation and regression is helpful.

Psychometrics and Psychological Assessment

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128024909
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychometrics and Psychological Assessment by : Carina Coulacoglou

Download or read book Psychometrics and Psychological Assessment written by Carina Coulacoglou and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychometrics and Psychological Assessment: Principles and Applications reports on contemporary perspectives and models on psychological assessment and their corresponding measures. It highlights topics relevant to clinical and neuropsychological domains, including cognitive abilities, adaptive behavior, temperament, and psychopathology.Moreover, the book examines a series of standard as well as novel methods and instruments, along with their psychometric properties, recent meta-analytic studies, and their cross-cultural applications. - Discusses psychometric issues and empirical studies that speak to same - Explores the family context in relation to children's behavioral outcomes - Features major personality measures as well as their cross cultural variations - Identifies the importance of coping and resilience in assessing personality and psychopathology - Examines precursors of aggression and violence for prediction and prevention

Ecological Statistics

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199672547
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecological Statistics by : Gordon A. Fox

Download or read book Ecological Statistics written by Gordon A. Fox and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application and interpretation of statistics are central to ecological study and practice. Ecologists are now asking more sophisticated questions than in the past. These new questions, together with the continued growth of computing power and the availability of new software, have created a new generation of statistical techniques. These have resulted in major recent developments in both our understanding and practice of ecological statistics. This novel book synthesizes a number of these changes, addressing key approaches and issues that tend to be overlooked in other books such as missing/censored data, correlation structure of data, heterogeneous data, and complex causal relationships. These issues characterize a large proportion of ecological data, but most ecologists' training in traditional statistics simply does not provide them with adequate preparation to handle the associated challenges. Uniquely, Ecological Statistics highlights the underlying links among many statistical approaches that attempt to tackle these issues. In particular, it gives readers an introduction to approaches to inference, likelihoods, generalized linear (mixed) models, spatially or phylogenetically-structured data, and data synthesis, with a strong emphasis on conceptual understanding and subsequent application to data analysis. Written by a team of practicing ecologists, mathematical explanations have been kept to the minimum necessary. This user-friendly textbook will be suitable for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of ecology, evolution, environmental studies, and computational biology who are interested in updating their statistical tool kits. A companion web site provides example data sets and commented code in the R language.

Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521686891
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (868 download)

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Book Synopsis Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models by : Andrew Gelman

Download or read book Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models written by Andrew Gelman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 2007, is for the applied researcher performing data analysis using linear and nonlinear regression and multilevel models.

Latent Structure Analysis

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Latent Structure Analysis by : Paul Felix Lazarsfeld

Download or read book Latent Structure Analysis written by Paul Felix Lazarsfeld and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: