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Us Department Of Energy Plutonium Disposition Study
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Author :United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (381 download)
Book Synopsis U.S. Department of Energy Plutonium Disposition Study by : United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy
Download or read book U.S. Department of Energy Plutonium Disposition Study written by United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309498589 Total Pages :225 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Review of the Department of Energy's Plans for Disposal of Surplus Plutonium in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of the Department of Energy's Plans for Disposal of Surplus Plutonium in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2018, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine issued an Interim Report evaluating the general viability of the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration's (DOE-NNSA's) conceptual plans for disposing of 34 metric tons (MT) of surplus plutonium in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), a deep geologic repository near Carlsbad, New Mexico. It provided a preliminary assessment of the general viability of DOE-NNSA's conceptual plans, focused on some of the barriers to their implementation. This final report addresses the remaining issues and echoes the recommendations from the interim study.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309485002 Total Pages :66 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Disposal of Surplus Plutonium at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Disposal of Surplus Plutonium at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-12-30 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of Surplus Plutonium at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: Interim Report evaluates the general viability of the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration's (DOE-NNSA's) conceptual plans for disposing of 34 metric tons (MT) of surplus plutonium in the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), a deep geologic repository near Carlsbad, New Mexico. This report evaluates DOE-NNSA's plans to ship, receive, and emplace surplus plutonium in WIPP and its understanding of the impacts of these plans on WIPP and WIPP-bound waste streams. This report, the first of two to be issued during this study, provides a preliminary assessment of the general viability of DOE-NNSA's conceptual plans, focusing on some of the barriers to their implementation.
Book Synopsis History of the US Weapons-usable Plutonium Disposition Program Leading to DOE's Record of Decision by :
Download or read book History of the US Weapons-usable Plutonium Disposition Program Leading to DOE's Record of Decision written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report highlights important events and studies concerning surplus weapons-usable plutonium disposition in the United States. Included are major events that led to the creation of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fissile Materials Disposition in 1994 and to that DOE office issuing the January 1997 Record of Decision for the Storage and Disposition of Weapons-Useable Fissile Materials Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement. Emphasis has been given to reactor-based plutonium disposition alternatives.
Author :Panel on Reactor-Related Options for the Disposition of Excess Weapons Plutonium Publisher :Grove/Atlantic, Inc. ISBN 13 :9780309051453 Total Pages :16 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (514 download)
Book Synopsis Management and Disposition of Excess Weapons Plutonium by : Panel on Reactor-Related Options for the Disposition of Excess Weapons Plutonium
Download or read book Management and Disposition of Excess Weapons Plutonium written by Panel on Reactor-Related Options for the Disposition of Excess Weapons Plutonium and published by Grove/Atlantic, Inc.. This book was released on 1995-08-06 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the next decade, many thousands of U.S. and Russian nuclear weapons are slated to be retired as a result of nuclear arms reduction treaties and unilateral pledges. Hundreds of tons of plutonium and highly enriched uranium will no longer be needed for weapons purposes and will pose urgent challenges to international security. This is the supporting volume to a study by the Committee on International Security and Arms Control which dealt with all phases of the management and disposition of these materials. This technical study concentrates on the option for the disposition of plutonium, looking in detail at the different types of reactors in which weapons plutonium could be burned and at the vitrification of plutonium, and comparing them using economic, security and environmental criteria.
Book Synopsis Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel by : National Research Council
Download or read book Improving the Scientific Basis for Managing DOE's Excess Nuclear Materials and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-06-09 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of nuclear materials for the national defense was an intense, nationwide effort that began with the Manhattan Project and continued throughout the Cold War. Now many of these product materials, by-products, and precursors, such as irradiated nuclear fuels and targets, have been declared as excess by the Department of Energy (DOE). Most of this excess inventory has been, or will be, turned over to DOE's Office of Environmental Management (EM), which is responsible for cleaning up the former production sites. Recognizing the scientific and technical challenges facing EM, Congress in 1995 established the EM Science Program (EMSP) to develop and fund directed, long-term research that could substantially enhance the knowledge base available for new cleanup technologies and decision making. The EMSP has previously asked the National Academies' National Research Council for advice for developing research agendas in subsurface contamination, facility deactivation and decommissioning, high-level waste, and mixed and transuranic waste. For this study the committee was tasked to provide recommendations for a research agenda to improve the scientific basis for DOE's management of its high-cost, high-volume, or high-risk excess nuclear materials and spent nuclear fuels. To address its task, the committee focused its attention on DOE's excess plutonium-239, spent nuclear fuels, cesium-137 and strontium-90 capsules, depleted uranium, and higher actinide isotopes.
Book Synopsis Regaining Security by : William J. Weida
Download or read book Regaining Security written by William J. Weida and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1997, this volume observes that of all the materials, systems and facilities that designed and operated nuclear weapons, the most readily available assets for reuse are often identified as the highly enriched uranium (HEU) and plutonium from warheads. However, proliferation concerns the reuse of much of this material unlikely. This book explores the economic issues surrounding the major expenditures facing the US as it attempts to dispose of weapon-grade nuclear materials in a proliferation-resistant manner. The book discusses the economic values of plutonium and HEU, the economic nature of the nuclear industry, reprocessing and operations costs, the economics of ‘burning’ plutonium to generate electrical power, the economics of down-blending and ‘burning’ HEU, military conversion as a rationale for selecting plutonium disposition options, the economics of transmutation, and the economics of other proposals ranging from monitored surface storage to vitrification. The book concludes by identifying the major cost drivers affecting all disposition options.
Book Synopsis CHARACTERIZATION OF SURPLUS PLUTONIUM FOR DISPOSITION OPTIONS. by :
Download or read book CHARACTERIZATION OF SURPLUS PLUTONIUM FOR DISPOSITION OPTIONS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States (U.S.) has identified 61.5 metric tons (MT) of plutonium that is permanently excess to use in nuclear weapons programs, including 47.2 MT of weapons-grade plutonium. Except for materials that remain in use for programs outside of national defense, including programs for nuclear-energy development, the surplus inventories will be stored safely by the Department of Energy (DOE) and then transferred to facilities that will prepare the plutonium for permanent disposition. Some items will be disposed as transuranic waste, low-level waste, or spent fuel. The remaining surplus plutonium will be managed through: (1) the Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel Fabrication Facility (FFF), to be constructed at the Savannah River Site (SRS), where the plutonium will be converted to fuel that will be irradiated in civilian power reactors and later disposed to a high-level waste (HLW) repository as spent fuel; (2) the SRS H-Area facilities, by dissolving and transfer to HLW systems, also for disposal to the repository; or (3) alternative immobilization techniques that would provide durable and secure disposal. From the beginning of the U.S. program for surplus plutonium disposition, DOE has sponsored research to characterize the surplus materials and to judge their suitability for planned disposition options. Because many of the items are stored without extensive analyses of their current chemical content, the characterization involves three interacting components: laboratory sample analysis, if available; non-destructive assay data; and rigorous evaluation of records for the processing history for items and inventory groups. This information is collected from subject-matter experts at inventory sites and from materials stabilization and surveillance programs, in cooperation with the design agencies for the disposition facilities. This report describes the operation and status of the characterization program.
Book Synopsis Study of Plutonium Disposition Using Existing GE Advanced Boiling Water Reactors by :
Download or read book Study of Plutonium Disposition Using Existing GE Advanced Boiling Water Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the cold war and the resulting dismantlement of nuclear weapons has resulted in the need for the US to dispose of 50 to 100 metric tons of excess of plutonium in a safe and proliferation resistant manner. A number of studies, including the recently released National Academy of Sciences (NAS) study, have recommended conversion of plutonium into spent nuclear fuel with its high radiation barrier as the best means of providing permanent conversion and long-term diversion resistance to this material. The NAS study M̀̀anagement and Disposition of Excess Weapons Plutonium identified Light Water Reactor spent fuel as the most readily achievable and proven form for the disposition of excess weapons plutonium. The study also stressed the need for a US disposition program which would enhance the prospects for a timely reciprocal program agreement with Russia. This summary provides the key findings of a GE study where plutonium is converted into Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel and a typical 1155 MWe GE Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) is utilized to convert the plutonium to spent fuel. A companion study of the Advanced BWR has recently been submitted. The MOX core design work that was conducted for the ABWR enabled GE to apply comparable fuel design concepts and consequently achieve full MOX core loading which optimize plutonium throughput for existing BWRs.
Book Synopsis Plutonium Disposition Program by : Government Accountability Office
Download or read book Plutonium Disposition Program written by Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-07-29 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plutonium Disposition program :DOE needs to analyze the root causes of cost increases and develop better cost estimates : report to the Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, and Related Agencies, Committee on Appropriations, House of Representatives.
Book Synopsis Screening Study for Evaluation of the Potential for System 80+ to Consume Excess Plutonium - Volume 1. Final Report by :
Download or read book Screening Study for Evaluation of the Potential for System 80+ to Consume Excess Plutonium - Volume 1. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the U.S. effort to evaluate technologies offering solutions for the safe disposal or utilization of surplus nuclear materials, the fiscal year 1993 Energy and Water Appropriations legislation provided the Department of Energy (DOE) the necessary funds to conduct multi-phased studies to determine the technical feasibility of using reactor technologies for the triple mission of burning weapons grade plutonium, producing tritium for the existing smaller weapons stockpile, and generating commercial electricity. DOE limited the studies to five advanced reactor designs. Among the technologies selected is the ABB-Combustion Engineering (ABB-CE) System 80+. The DOE study, currently in Phase ID, is proceeding with a more detailed evaluation of the designs̀ capability for plutonium disposition.
Author :United States. National Nuclear Security Administration. Plutonium Disposition Working Group Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :200 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Report of the Plutonium Disposition Working Group by : United States. National Nuclear Security Administration. Plutonium Disposition Working Group
Download or read book Report of the Plutonium Disposition Working Group written by United States. National Nuclear Security Administration. Plutonium Disposition Working Group and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Administration remains firmly committed to disposing of surplus weapon-grade plutonium. However, through an analysis of lifecycle costs, it has become apparent that disposing of plutonium as MOX fuel will be significantly more expensive than anticipated. Given a lifecycle cost estimate for the program of approximately $30 billion or more and a challenging budget environment, the current MOX approach must be critically examined alongside costs of other potential options to complete the plutonium disposition mission. Today, the Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) released that cost analysis along with a preliminary study of the potential options, which will serve as a basis for determining the most efficient path forward for plutonium disposition. We have also determined and will communicate to the contractor, MOX Services, that we will continue with construction activities through 2014, retaining the key nuclear engineers and other highly-skilled workers that will be needed regardless of the path forward.
Book Synopsis Optimization and Implementation Study of Plutonium Disposition Using Existing CANDU Reactors. Final Report by :
Download or read book Optimization and Implementation Study of Plutonium Disposition Using Existing CANDU Reactors. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since early 1994, the Department of Energy has been sponsoring studies aimed at evaluating the merits of disposing of surplus US weapons plutonium as Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel in existing commercial Canadian Pressurized Heavy Water reactors, known as CANDU's. The first report, submitted to DOE in July, 1994 (the 1994 Executive Summary is attached), identified practical and safe options for the consumption of 50 to 100 tons of plutonium in 25 years in some of the existing CANDU reactors operating the Bruce A generating station, on Lake Huron, about 300 km north east of Detroit. By designing the fuel and nuclear performance to operate within existing experience and operating/performance envelope, and by utilizing existing fuel fabrication and transportation facilities and methods, a low cost, low risk method for long term plutonium disposition was developed. In December, 1995, in response to evolving Mission Requirements, the DOE requested a further study of the CANDU option with emphasis on more rapid disposition of the plutonium, and retaining the early start and low risk features of the earlier work. This report is the result of that additional work.
Book Synopsis Screening Study for Evaluation of the Potential for System 80+ to Consume Excess Plutonium - Volume 2. Final Report by :
Download or read book Screening Study for Evaluation of the Potential for System 80+ to Consume Excess Plutonium - Volume 2. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the U.S. effort to evaluate technologies offering solutions for the safe disposal or utilization of surplus nuclear materials, the fiscal year 1993 Energy and Water Appropriations legislation provided the Department of Energy (DOE) the necessary funds to conduct multi-phased studies to determine the technical feasibility of using reactor technologies for the triple mission of burning weapons grade plutonium, producing tritium for the existing smaller weapons stockpile, and generating commercial electricity. DOE limited the studies to five advanced reactor designs. Among the technologies selected is the ABB-Combustion Engineering (ABB-CE) System 80+. The DOE study, currently in Phase ID, is proceeding with a more detailed evaluation of the design's capability for plutonium disposition.
Author :United States Government Accountability Office Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781982020026 Total Pages :38 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Plutonium Disposition by : United States Government Accountability Office
Download or read book Plutonium Disposition written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-12-27 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plutonium Disposition: Observations on DOE and Army Corps Assessments of the Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication Facility Contract
Book Synopsis Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel by : National Research Council
Download or read book Disposition of High-Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.
Book Synopsis Study of Plutonium Disposition Using the GE Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR). by :
Download or read book Study of Plutonium Disposition Using the GE Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR). written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the cold war and the resulting dismantlement of nuclear weapons has resulted in the need for the U.S. to disposition 50 to 100 metric tons of excess of plutonium in parallel with a similar program in Russia. A number of studies, including the recently released National Academy of Sciences (NAS) study, have recommended conversion of plutonium into spent nuclear fuel with its high radiation barrier as the best means of providing long-term diversion resistance to this material. The NAS study {open_quotes}Management and Disposition of Excess Weapons Plutonium{close_quotes} identified light water reactor spent fuel as the most readily achievable and proven form for the disposition of excess weapons plutonium. The study also stressed the need for a U.S. disposition program which would enhance the prospects for a timely reciprocal program agreement with Russia. This summary provides the key findings of a GE study where plutonium is converted into Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel and a 1350 MWe GE Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) is utilized to convert the plutonium to spent fuel. The ABWR represents the integration of over 30 years of experience gained worldwide in the design, construction and operation of BWRs. It incorporates advanced features to enhance reliability and safety, minimize waste and reduce worker exposure. For example, the core is never uncovered nor is any operator action required for 72 hours after any design basis accident. Phase 1 of this study was documented in a GE report dated May 13, 1993. DOEs̀ Phase 1 evaluations cited the ABWR as a proven technical approach for the disposition of plutonium. This Phase 2 study addresses specific areas which the DOE authorized as appropriate for more in-depth evaluations. A separate report addresses the findings relative to the use of existing BWRs to achieve the same goal.
