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Upper Mantle Shear Wave Velocity Structure Of The East Anatolian Caucasus Region
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Book Synopsis Upper Mantle Shear Wave Velocity Structure of the East Anatolian-Caucasus Region by : Gleb Anatolyevich Skobeltsyn
Download or read book Upper Mantle Shear Wave Velocity Structure of the East Anatolian-Caucasus Region written by Gleb Anatolyevich Skobeltsyn and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the present dissertation, I describe two studies of the regional upper mantle shear wave velocity structure. In order to derive the absolute velocity structure of the upper mantle, I have applied surface wave tomography to model Rayleigh wave phase velocities as a function of period. Then I inverted the Rayleigh phase velocities to obtain shear wave velocities as a function of depth. The resulted high-resolution 3-D shear wave velocity model of the regional upper mantle is characterized by a better depth resolution than any preexisting tomographic models. I also conducted a shear wave splitting analysis using traditional methods and developed a two-layer grid search algorithm in order to infer the upper mantle anisotropic structure. The results of the shear wave splitting analysis for the stations located in Azerbaijan are the first in the region. My 3-D velocity model shows the depth extent of the asthenospheric layer beneath the Turkish and Iranian Plateaus, which does not exceed 200 km and therefore rejects any suggestions of the existence of deep mantle plums in the area. The deep high velocity bodies beneath the Black Sea and northern Iranian Plateau are identified as the remnant slabs of the northern and southern brbranchesf the Neo-Tethys lithosphere. The widespread volcanism and the uplift within the plateau were the result of a gradual steepening of the subducting slab of the southern branch of Neo-Tethys. The shear wave splitting analysis shows evidence of the two-layer anisotropic structure beneath the eastern Caucasus region. The results presented in the dissertation are crucial for the regional seismic hazard analysis.
Book Synopsis Lithospheric Velocity Structure of the Anatolian Plateau-Caucasus-Caspian Region by :
Download or read book Lithospheric Velocity Structure of the Anatolian Plateau-Caucasus-Caspian Region written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Anatolian plateau-Caucasus-Caspian region is an area of complex lithospheric structure accompanied by large variations in seismic wave velocities. Despite the complexity of the region, little is known about the detailed lithospheric structure. Using data from 31 new, permanent broadband seismic stations along with results from a previous 29 temporary seismic stations and 3 existing global seismic stations in the region, a 3-D velocity model is developed using joint inversion of teleseismic receiver functions and surface waves. Both group and phase dispersion curves (Love and Rayleigh) were derived from regional and teleseismic events. Additional Rayleigh wave group dispersion curves were determined using ambient noise correlation. Receiver functions were calculated using P arrivals from 789 teleseismic (30°-90°) earthquakes. The stacked receiver functions and surface wave dispersion curves were jointly inverted to yield the absolute shear wave velocity to a depth of 100 km at each station. The depths of major discontinuities (sediment-basement, crust-mantle, and lithosphere-asthenosphere) were inferred from the velocity-depth profiles at the location of each station. Distinct spatial variations in crustal and upper mantle shear velocities were observed. The Kura basin showed slow (~2.7-2.9 km/s) upper crustal (0-11 km) velocities but elevated (~3.8-3.9 km/s) velocities in the lower crust. The Anatolian plateau varied from ~3.1-3.2 in the upper crust to ~3.5-3.7 in the lower crust, while velocities in the Arabian plate (south of the Bitlis suture) were slightly faster (upper crust between 3.3 and 3.4 km/s and lower crust between 3.8 and 3.9 km/s). The depth of the Moho, which was estimated from the shear velocity profiles, was 35 km in the Arabian plate and increased northward to 54 km at the southern edge of the Greater Caucasus. Moho depths in the Kura and at the edge of the Caspian showed more spatial variability but ranged between 35 and 45 km. Upper mantle velocities were slow under the Anatolian plateau but increased to the south under the Arabian plate and to the east (4.3-4.4 km/s) under the Kura basin and Greater Caucasus. The areas of slow mantle coincided with the locations of Holocene volcanoes. Differences between Rayleigh and Love dispersions at long wavelengths reveal a pronounced variation in anisotropy between the Anatolian plateau and the Kura basin.
Book Synopsis Shear Velocity Structure of the Mantle Beneath the North American Plate by : Stephen Pierre Grand
Download or read book Shear Velocity Structure of the Mantle Beneath the North American Plate written by Stephen Pierre Grand and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lithospheric Velocity Structure of the Anatolain Plateau-Caucasus-Caspian Regions by :
Download or read book Lithospheric Velocity Structure of the Anatolain Plateau-Caucasus-Caspian Regions written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anatolian Plateau-Caucasus-Caspian region is an area of complex structure accompanied by large variations in seismic wave velocities. Despite the complexity of the region little is known about the detailed lithospheric structure. Using data from 29 new broadband seismic stations in the region, a unified velocity structure is developed using teleseismic receiver functions and surface waves. Love and Rayleigh surface waves dispersion curves have been derived from event-based analysis and ambient-noise correlation. We jointly inverted the receiver functions with the surface wave dispersion curves to determine absolute shear wave velocity and important discontinuities such as sedimentary layer, Moho, lithospheric-asthenospheric boundary. We combined these new station results with Eastern Turkey Seismic Experiment results (29 stations). Caspian Sea and Kura basin underlained by one of the thickest sediments in the world. Therefore, short-period surface waves are observed to be very slow. The strong crustal multiples in receiver functions and the slow velocities in upper crust indicate the presence of thick sedimentary unit (up to 20 km). Crustal thickness varies from 34 to 52 km in the region. The thickest crust is in Lesser Caucasus and the thinnest is in the Arabian Plate. The lithospheric mantle in the Greater Caucasus and the Kura depression is faster than the Anatolian Plateau and Lesser Caucasus. This possibly indicates the presence of cold lithosphere. The lower crust is slowest in the northeastern part of the Anatolian Plateau where Holocene volcanoes are located.
Book Synopsis Shear Wave Velocity in the Earth's Mantle by : Russell Robinson
Download or read book Shear Wave Velocity in the Earth's Mantle written by Russell Robinson and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Resolution Velocity Structure in Eastern Turkey by : W. Walter
Download or read book High Resolution Velocity Structure in Eastern Turkey written by W. Walter and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the crustal and upper mantle structure of eastern Turkey where the Anatolian, Arabian and Eurasian Plates meet and form a complex tectonic structure. The Bitlis suture is a continental collision zone between the Anatolian plateau and the Arabian plate. Broadband data available through the Eastern Turkey Seismic Experiment (ETSE) provided a unique opportunity for studying the high resolution velocity structure. Zor et al. found an average 46 km thick crust in Anatolian plateau using six-layered grid search inversion of the ETSE receiver functions. Receiver functions are sensitive to the velocity contrast of interfaces and the relative travel time of converted and reverberated waves between those interfaces. The interpretation of receiver function alone with many-layered parameterization may result in an apparent depth-velocity tradeoff. In order to improve previous velocity model, we employed the joint inversion method with many layered parameterization of Julia et al. (2000) to the ETSE receiver functions. In this technique, the receiver function and surface-wave observations are combined into a single algebraic equation and each data set is weighted by an estimate of the uncertainty in the observations. We consider azimuthal changes of receiver functions and have stacked them into different groups. We calculated the receiver functions using iterative time-domain deconvolution technique and surface wave group velocity dispersion curves between 10-100 sec. We are making surface wave dispersion measurements at the ETSE stations and have incorporated them into a regional group velocity model. Preliminary results indicate a strong trend in the long period group velocity in the northeast. This indicates slow upper mantle velocities in the region consistent with Pn, Sn and receiver function results. We started with both the 1-D model that is obtained with the 12 tones dam explosion shot data recorded by ETSE network and the existing receiver function inversion results. In fact, we observe that the inversion results are independent at the starting model and converges well to the same final model. We don't observe a significant change at the first order discontinuities of model (e.g. Moho depth), but we obtain better defined depths to low velocity layers.
Book Synopsis The Crust and Upper Mantle Structure of Eastern Anatolia, Turkey from Gravity Modeling Constrained by Seismic Data by : Gokay Onal
Download or read book The Crust and Upper Mantle Structure of Eastern Anatolia, Turkey from Gravity Modeling Constrained by Seismic Data written by Gokay Onal and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Eastern Anatolian region is part of a young continental collision zone between the Arabian and Eurasian plates. The lithosphere in Eastern Anatolia is underlain by a low-velocity zone associated with asthenospheric flow in the upper mantle. The asthenospheric flow might have been caused by lithospheric delamination and slab detachment. There are many debates about the thickness of the mantle lithosphere, the effect of the hot asthenospheric material on the crustal structure, and the geodynamic evolution of Eastern Anatolia. To better understand the geodynamic evolution of Eastern Anatolia, a 2.5-D gravity model of the crust and upper mantle structure between 38°E/37°N and 44°E /41°N was developed using terrestrial and satellite gravity data. The model is constrained by all available geological and geophysical data. The results of the gravity modeling reveal low-density structures within the lower crust, indicating a thermally heated crust, and a low-velocity zone in the upper mantle associated with the hot asthenospheric flow in the region. The presence of the asthenospheric flow in the upper mantle might have an effect on the crustal and lithospheric structures in the region. The lithospheric thicknesses in the Anatolian and Arabian plates are significantly different. The lithospheric thickness increases from 60 km in the northern segment of the Anatolian plate to 95 km in the Arabian Plate. Thus, the lithosphere beneath Eastern Anatolia is extremely thin. This is attributed to lithospheric delamination and slab break-off. The extremely thin lithosphere, the presence of a hot asthenosphere, the rapid uplift of topography and widespread volcanism across the region may indicate that lithospheric delamination and slab detachment occurred in Eastern Anatolia. The topography in Eastern Anatolian is not isostatically compensated. There is a residual topography of approximately 1.7 km that cannot be explained by crustal roots. Thus, part of the Eastern Anatolian Plateau may be dynamically supported by asthenospheric flow in the upper mantle.
Book Synopsis A Review of the Nature and Variability of the Anelastic Properties of the Upper Mantle Beneath North America and Eurasia by : Brian J. Mitchell
Download or read book A Review of the Nature and Variability of the Anelastic Properties of the Upper Mantle Beneath North America and Eurasia written by Brian J. Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All reasonable mechanisms for producing low-velocity zones in the upper mantle should also produce zones of low omega. The available studies of upper mantle omega and velocity for the same regions suggest that a coincidence of low velocity and low omega zones does indeed occur. Seismic body- and surface-wave data indicate a substantial low velocity, low omega zone in the upper mantle beneath western North America. The zone appears to be 150 km thick or more, the velocities for both P and S waves being lower than typical upper mantle velocities for stable regions. The available evidence for eastern North America indicates that a low velocity zone is either absent for that region or more poorly developed than it is in western North America. Most interpretations for P waves in eastern North America include no low velocity zone. Surface wave studies of the shear wave velocity structure beneath eastern North America indicate the possibility of a low velocity zone for S waves, at least in some regions. The available data for northern Europe and Asia indicate that it is a stable region with velocity and attenuative properties much like those of eastern North America.
Book Synopsis Compressional Tectonics by : Elizabeth J. Catlos
Download or read book Compressional Tectonics written by Elizabeth J. Catlos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-04 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compressional Tectonics A synthesis of current knowledge on collisional and convergent plate boundaries worldwide Major mountain belts on Earth, such as the Alps, Himalayas, and Appalachians, have been built by compressional tectonic processes during continent-continent and arc-continent collisions. Understanding their formation and evolution is important because of the hazards associated with convergent and collisional plate boundaries, and because these mountain belts contain resources such as precious metals, rare earth elements, oil, gas, and coal. Compressional Tectonics: Plate Convergence to Mountain Building reviews our present-day knowledge of the tectonic evolution of the Alpine-Himalayan and Appalachian belts. Volume highlights include: Overview of terminology relating to compressional and contractional tectonics Discussion of subduction zone dynamics Debates over the timing of the collision and convergence of particular subduction and suture zones Examples of the different stages in the development of orogenic belts This book is one of a set of three in the collection Tectonic Processes: A Global View. The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Book Synopsis P and S Wave Velocity Structure of the Crust and Upper Mantle Under China and Surrounding Areas From Body and Surface Wave Tomography by :
Download or read book P and S Wave Velocity Structure of the Crust and Upper Mantle Under China and Surrounding Areas From Body and Surface Wave Tomography written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have used a combination of travel-time and surface wave tomography to obtain compressional and shear wave velocity distributions in the crust and upper mantle under China and surrounding areas. We first determined 3-D P- and S-wave velocity structures for the crust and uppermost mantle using local and regional arrival time data. Travel-time data from the Annual Bulletin of Chinese Earthquakes (ABCE) and the International Seismological Centre (ISC/EHB) were used. We then extended the model deeper into the mantle through the upper mantle transition zone using ISC/EHB data for P and PP phases combined with the ABCE data. We also used surface wave data from broadband stations to determine the S-velocity structure. Multi-mode surface wave tomography was employed for the whole region of China and surrounding areas and ambient noise interferometry was used in Tibet.
Book Synopsis The Crustal and Upper Mantle Shear Velocity Structure of Eastern North America from the Joint Inversion of Receiver Function and Surface-wave Dispersion by : Mohammed Saeed Fnais
Download or read book The Crustal and Upper Mantle Shear Velocity Structure of Eastern North America from the Joint Inversion of Receiver Function and Surface-wave Dispersion written by Mohammed Saeed Fnais and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia by : Tuncay Taymaz
Download or read book The Geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia written by Tuncay Taymaz and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2007 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains current results and ideas regarding the geodynamics of the Aegean and Anatolia.
Book Synopsis The Formation of Mountains by : Florian Neukirchen
Download or read book The Formation of Mountains written by Florian Neukirchen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-28 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mountains as we know them were formed by a wide range of processes. This vivid introduction explains the course of orogeny (mountain formation) and the resulting structures, the cycles of plate tectonics and the evolution of landforms. It also presents surprising findings from the latest research. Popular travel destinations are described in detail – ideal when preparing for a trip – while a wealth of photos and graphics illustrate the text. Why are mountains as tall as they are? How does high-pressure rock come to the surface? Is there feedback between tectonics and the climate? How can mountains form without continental collision, far away from any plate boundaries? And how do we know all this? These and many other questions will be answered.
Download or read book Plateau Uplift written by K. Fuchs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Lithosphere Program; Publ. No. 0104
Book Synopsis The Shear Velocity Structure of the Mantle from the Inversion of Time- Domain Waveform Data by : Charles Henri Mégnin
Download or read book The Shear Velocity Structure of the Mantle from the Inversion of Time- Domain Waveform Data written by Charles Henri Mégnin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Asian Upper Mantle P-Wave Velocity Structure from the Analysis of Broadband Waveforms by : Arthur Rodgers
Download or read book Asian Upper Mantle P-Wave Velocity Structure from the Analysis of Broadband Waveforms written by Arthur Rodgers and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upper mantle P-wave velocity structure beneath Asia was inferred by modelling high-quality broadband P and PP seismograms at distances 10 deg to 55 deg. Data were obtained from IRIS-GSN, CDSN and IRIS-PASSCAL instruments. We regionalized the Asian continent by fitting long-period filtered data to reflectivity synthetics computed for one-dimensional velocity models. Results show that major tectonic provinces can be characterized by single average regional velocity models. These average regional models reveal significant differences in crustal thickness, mantle lid, and low velocity zone properties, and thus will affect seismic discriminants. The data were then filtered less severely to model details of the broadband data and reveal lateral heterogeneity within a tectonic province. Structure of the Tibetan Plateau was studied in detail using regional data recorded at CDSN and GSN stations. Future work will include more broadband P- as well as S-wave modelling.
Book Synopsis Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure of Oman and the Northern Middle East by : Ali Ibrahim Al-Lazki
Download or read book Crustal and Upper Mantle Structure of Oman and the Northern Middle East written by Ali Ibrahim Al-Lazki and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
